WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.080 The Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari. 00:00:08.539 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:12.900 --> 00:00:16.410 Surah Al 'Imran. 00:00:17.690 --> 00:00:22.089 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.850 --> 00:00:27.449 “And vie one with another for forgiveness from your Lord, and for a paradise as wide as are the heavens and the earth, prepared for those who ward off (evil);” (3:133) 00:00:27.449 --> 00:00:32.170 “And vie one with another for forgiveness from your Lord, and for a paradise as wide as are the heavens and the earth, prepared for those who ward off (evil);” (3:133) 00:00:32.649 --> 00:00:37.090 “And vie one with another for forgiveness from your Lord, and for a paradise as wide as are the heavens and the earth, prepared for those who ward off (evil);” (3:133) 00:00:37.090 --> 00:00:40.609 Prepared for the righteous, 00:00:41.920 --> 00:00:46.079 And hasten toward that which conceals your sins through His mercy, 00:00:46.439 --> 00:00:50.520 And hasten also to a Paradise whose width encompasses the heavens and the earth, 00:00:50.920 --> 00:00:53.000 Which Allah has prepared for the righteous— 00:00:53.359 --> 00:00:58.039 Those who fear Allah and thus obey Him in what He has commanded and forbidden them, 00:00:59.259 --> 00:01:06.219 “Those who spend (of that which Allah hath given them) in ease and in adversity, those who control their wrath and are forgiving toward mankind; Allah loveth the good;” (3:134) 00:01:06.219 --> 00:01:11.420 And those who restrain their anger, 00:01:11.420 --> 00:01:15.379 And pardon people; 00:01:15.900 --> 00:01:20.219 And Allah loves the doers of good. 00:01:21.650 --> 00:01:26.250 Paradise, whose width is as vast as the heavens and the earth, has been prepared for the righteous; 00:01:26.689 --> 00:01:29.769 And they are those who spend their wealth in the cause of Allah, 00:01:30.250 --> 00:01:33.849 In times of ease, with abundant wealth and prosperous living, 00:01:34.370 --> 00:01:36.409 As well as in times of hardship and distress; 00:01:37.049 --> 00:01:40.569 And those who swallow their rage when their souls are filled with it, 00:01:41.090 --> 00:01:44.329 And who overlook people's offenses without punishing them for their misdeeds, 00:01:44.609 --> 00:01:46.930 Even when they possess the power to take revenge; 00:01:47.530 --> 00:01:50.329 And Allah loves whoever acts upon these virtues, 00:01:50.530 --> 00:01:51.849 For they are the doers of good, 00:01:52.370 --> 00:01:54.849 And their doing of good consists in practicing these deeds. 00:01:56.140 --> 00:02:02.140 “And those who, when they do an evil thing or wrong themselves, remember Allah and implore forgiveness for their sins - Who forgiveth sins save Allah only? - and will not knowingly repeat (the wrong) they did.” (3:135) 00:02:02.140 --> 00:02:11.819 “And those who, when they do an evil thing or wrong themselves, remember Allah and implore forgiveness for their sins - Who forgiveth sins save Allah only? - and will not knowingly repeat (the wrong) they did.” (3:135) 00:02:11.819 --> 00:02:15.900 “And those who, when they do an evil thing or wrong themselves, remember Allah and implore forgiveness for their sins - Who forgiveth sins save Allah only? - and will not knowingly repeat (the wrong) they did.” (3:135) 00:02:15.900 --> 00:02:24.099 “And those who, when they do an evil thing or wrong themselves, remember Allah and implore forgiveness for their sins - Who forgiveth sins save Allah only? - and will not knowingly repeat (the wrong) they did.” (3:135) 00:02:25.340 --> 00:02:29.379 The Paradise whose attributes He described has been prepared for the righteous: 00:02:30.099 --> 00:02:34.900 Those who, when they commit a vile deed that exceeds what Allah has permitted, 00:02:35.460 --> 00:02:40.259 Or wrong themselves by doing what they ought not to have done, 00:02:40.860 --> 00:02:45.819 Namely by committing a sin against Allah that warrants punishment, 00:02:46.419 --> 00:02:50.659 Remember Allah’s warning concerning the disobedience they committed against Him, 00:02:51.099 --> 00:02:54.500 And ask their Lord to conceal and forgive their sins— 00:02:55.219 --> 00:02:59.259 And who can pardon the one who commits a sin and conceal it for him except Allah?— 00:03:00.020 --> 00:03:05.419 And they do not persist in the sins they committed, intending to remain upon them, 00:03:05.939 --> 00:03:09.699 While knowing that Allah has already forbidden them, 00:03:10.139 --> 00:03:12.020 And warned of punishment for them. 00:03:13.379 --> 00:03:23.300 “The reward of such will be forgiveness from their Lord, and Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide for ever - a bountiful reward for workers!” (3:136) 00:03:23.860 --> 00:03:31.259 “The reward of such will be forgiveness from their Lord, and Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide for ever - a bountiful reward for workers!” (3:136) 00:03:31.860 --> 00:03:35.860 And excellent is the reward of the righteous workers. 00:03:37.310 --> 00:03:40.870 Those whom He mentioned that He prepared Paradise for them— 00:03:41.590 --> 00:03:47.150 Their reward is pardon from Allah, sparing them punishment for the past sins they committed, 00:03:47.870 --> 00:03:53.590 And for their obedience to Allah, they shall have gardens beneath whose trees rivers flow, 00:03:54.349 --> 00:03:56.870 Abiding eternally in these gardens; 00:03:57.629 --> 00:04:02.270 And excellent is the reward of those who act for the sake of Allah: the gardens He has described. 00:04:03.719 --> 00:04:18.240 “Systems have passed away before you. Do but travel in the land and see the nature of the consequence for those who did deny (the messengers).” (3:137) 00:04:19.579 --> 00:04:24.100 Precedents have already passed and been enacted by Me concerning the nations before you, 00:04:24.819 --> 00:04:30.939 By granting respite to the deniers and gradually drawing them on, after which I brought My punishment down upon them, 00:04:31.660 --> 00:04:34.860 Making them examples and lessons for those who came after them. 00:04:35.620 --> 00:04:40.180 So travel through the land and observe the outcome of their denial of My prophets, 00:04:40.779 --> 00:04:44.139 And what their opposition to My command led to. 00:04:45.589 --> 00:04:53.750 “This is a declaration for mankind, a guidance and an admonition unto those who ward off (evil)” (3:138) 00:04:54.870 --> 00:04:57.790 This which I have made clear and known to you 00:04:58.350 --> 00:05:00.990 Is an explanation, exposition, and Tafsir for humanity, 00:05:01.509 --> 00:05:06.550 A guide to the path of truth, and a reminder toward right conduct and guidance. 00:05:07.939 --> 00:05:17.259 “Faint not nor grieve, for ye will overcome them if ye are (indeed) believers.” (3:139) 00:05:18.689 --> 00:05:21.769 Do not weaken and do not grieve, O Companions of Muhammad; 00:05:22.410 --> 00:05:29.449 Do not let the killing and wounds inflicted upon you by your enemy at Uhud weaken your resolve to strive against them, 00:05:30.250 --> 00:05:32.769 For you will ultimately prevail over them, 00:05:33.329 --> 00:05:35.129 And victory over them shall be yours, 00:05:35.610 --> 00:05:41.610 If you truly believe in Muhammad (peace be upon him) and in what he promises you. 00:06:03.160 --> 00:06:07.399 If you have suffered death and wounds, O assembly of the Companions of Muhammad, 00:06:08.279 --> 00:06:14.060 The opposing group of your polytheist enemies has likewise suffered wounds, death, and injury; 00:06:14.660 --> 00:06:17.420 And these days—the days of Badr and Uhud— 00:06:18.019 --> 00:06:22.180 We alternate in turns between the Muslims and the polytheists, shifting them about, 00:06:23.060 --> 00:06:25.019 And that was because Allah granted you victory, 00:06:25.779 --> 00:06:28.339 And out of His favor, He gave you the upper hand; 00:06:59.339 --> 00:07:04.339 And Allah does not love those who wrong themselves by disobeying their Lord; 00:07:13.600 --> 00:07:18.240 And that Allah may test those who believed in Allah and His Messenger, 00:07:18.240 --> 00:07:21.240 Testing them by granting temporary victory to the polytheists, 00:07:21.240 --> 00:07:26.240 So that the sincere, true believer may be distinguished from the hypocrite, 00:07:26.240 --> 00:07:30.240 And that He may destroy the disbelievers, diminishing and annihilating them. 00:07:51.779 --> 00:07:55.620 Or did you think, O assembly of the Companions of Muhammad, 00:07:56.620 --> 00:08:00.620 And assume that you would enter Paradise and attain your Lord's honor, 00:08:01.620 --> 00:08:06.620 Before it becomes manifest to the believing servants which of you truly strive in the cause of Allah, 00:08:07.620 --> 00:08:13.620 And who remain steadfast in battle despite the wounds, pain, and hardship they suffer for the sake of Allah? 00:08:14.899 --> 00:08:22.899 “And verily ye used to wish for death before ye met it (in the field). Now ye have seen it with your eyes!” (3:143) 00:08:22.899 --> 00:08:31.899 “And verily ye used to wish for death before ye met it (in the field). Now ye have seen it with your eyes!” (3:143) 00:08:32.899 --> 00:08:40.539 You used to wish for the causes of death, namely fighting, O assembly of the Companions of Muhammad, 00:08:40.539 --> 00:08:44.539 And now you have seen what you were wishing for right before you. 00:08:45.539 --> 00:08:53.990 “Muhammad is but a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) have passed away before him. Will it be that, when he dieth or is slain, ye will turn back on your heels? He who turneth back on his heels doth no hurt to Allah, and Allah will reward the thankful.” (3:144) 00:08:53.990 --> 00:09:00.990 “Muhammad is but a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) have passed away before him. Will it be that, when he dieth or is slain, ye will turn back on your heels? He who turneth back on his heels doth no hurt to Allah, and Allah will reward the thankful.” (3:144) 00:09:00.990 --> 00:09:13.990 “Muhammad is but a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) have passed away before him. Will it be that, when he dieth or is slain, ye will turn back on your heels? He who turneth back on his heels doth no hurt to Allah, and Allah will reward the thankful.” (3:144) 00:09:14.990 --> 00:09:21.629 Muhammad is no more than a messenger, like other messengers of Allah whom He sent to His creation, 00:09:21.629 --> 00:09:27.629 Who, when their appointed lifespans ended, died and Allah took them to Himself; 00:09:27.629 --> 00:09:32.629 Thus Muhammad (peace be upon him) is just like the rest of His messengers. 00:09:32.629 --> 00:09:39.629 If Muhammad were to die, O people, due to the end of his lifespan, or if he were killed by your enemy, 00:09:39.629 --> 00:09:46.629 Would you turn back on your heels in apostasy from your religion after the truth of what Muhammad called you to has become manifest to you? 00:09:46.629 --> 00:09:51.629 And whoever among you turns back from his religion, reverting to disbelief after having believed, 00:09:51.629 --> 00:09:58.629 Will never diminish Allah's might or His sovereignty in the least; rather, he only harms himself by his apostasy; 00:09:58.629 --> 00:10:03.629 And Allah will reward those who are grateful to Him for His granting of success and guidance to His religion, 00:10:03.629 --> 00:10:08.049 And for their steadfast adherence to His religion and creed after him. 00:10:08.049 --> 00:10:18.049 “No soul can ever die except by Allah's leave and at a term appointed. Whoso desireth the reward of the world, We bestow on him thereof; and whoso desireth the reward of the Hereafter, We bestow on him thereof. We shall reward the thankful.” (3:145) 00:10:18.049 --> 00:10:33.909 “No soul can ever die except by Allah's leave and at a term appointed. Whoso desireth the reward of the world, We bestow on him thereof; and whoso desireth the reward of the Hereafter, We bestow on him thereof. We shall reward the thankful.” (3:145) 00:10:33.909 --> 00:10:37.909 Neither Muhammad nor any other creation of Allah shall die 00:10:37.909 --> 00:10:43.909 Except after reaching the appointed term that Allah has set as the limit of his life and existence; 00:10:43.909 --> 00:10:49.909 So when he reaches that appointed term and death is decreed for him, only then does he die. 00:10:49.909 --> 00:10:56.909 But before that, you shall never die through the plot of a schemer or the trick of a deceiver. 00:10:56.909 --> 00:11:01.909 And whoever among you, O believers, seeks through his deeds some transient goods of this world, 00:11:01.909 --> 00:11:06.909 We shall give him of it whatever sustenance has been apportioned for him during his lifetime, 00:11:06.909 --> 00:11:12.909 But he shall have no share in Allah’s honor which He prepared for those who obey Him. 00:11:12.909 --> 00:11:15.909 And whoever among you seeks through his deeds the reward with Allah, 00:11:15.909 --> 00:11:21.909 We shall grant him of Allah’s honor which He reserved exclusively for the obedient in the Hereafter; 00:11:21.909 --> 00:11:25.909 And I shall reward whoever shows gratitude to Me for the favors I have bestowed upon him, 00:11:25.909 --> 00:11:29.909 By obeying Me and staying away from My prohibitions. 00:11:29.909 --> 00:11:52.230 “And with how many a prophet have there been a number of devoted men who fought (beside him). They quailed not for aught that befell them in the way of Allah, nor did they weaken, nor were they brought low. Allah loveth the steadfast.” (3:146) 00:11:52.230 --> 00:12:03.580 How many a prophet fought alongside numerous religious devotees, yet they never lost heart at the pain of the wounds they suffered, nor did their strength fail upon the slaying of their prophet, 00:12:03.580 --> 00:12:11.580 Nor did they abase themselves by yielding to their enemy, adopting their religion, or compromising with them out of fear of them; 00:12:11.580 --> 00:12:16.580 Rather, they forged ahead with clear insight, following the methodology of their prophet; 00:12:17.580 --> 00:12:24.580 And Allah loves these and their like among those who are steadfast in upholding His command, His obedience, and the obedience of His Messenger. 00:12:24.580 --> 00:12:39.970 And they said nothing except: "Our Lord, forgive us our sins and our excesses in our affairs, 00:12:39.970 --> 00:12:49.970 Make our feet firm, and grant us victory over the disbelieving people." 00:12:50.970 --> 00:12:59.539 The religious devotees had no words when their prophet was killed except: "Our Lord, forgive us our minor sins, 00:12:59.539 --> 00:13:04.539 And the excesses we committed therein that led us into major sins, 00:13:04.539 --> 00:13:08.539 Make us among those who remain steadfast in waging war and fighting against Your enemy, 00:13:08.539 --> 00:13:13.539 And grant us victory over those who denied Your oneness and the prophethood of Your prophet." 00:13:28.570 --> 00:13:32.570 So Allah gave them the reward of this world through victory over their enemy, 00:13:32.570 --> 00:13:37.570 And the finest reward of the Hereafter, which is Paradise and its bliss; 00:13:38.570 --> 00:13:40.570 For He loves the doers of good. 00:13:58.950 --> 00:14:02.429 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, 00:14:02.429 --> 00:14:07.429 If you obey those who deny the prophethood of your Prophet among the Jews and the Christians 00:14:07.429 --> 00:14:10.429 In what they command you and what they forbid you, 00:14:10.429 --> 00:14:14.429 They will drive you into apostasy after having had faith, 00:14:14.429 --> 00:14:18.429 And you will turn back ruined, having lost yourselves, 00:14:18.429 --> 00:14:21.429 And having forfeited your worldly life and your Hereafter. 00:14:22.429 --> 00:14:29.750 “But Allah is your Protector, and He is the Best of Helpers.” (3:150) 00:14:43.029 --> 00:14:47.029 “We shall cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieve because they ascribe unto Allah partners, for which no warrant hath been revealed. Their habitation is the Fire, and hapless the abode of the wrong-doers.” (3:151) 00:14:47.029 --> 00:14:53.029 “We shall cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieve because they ascribe unto Allah partners, for which no warrant hath been revealed. Their habitation is the Fire, and hapless the abode of the wrong-doers.” (3:151) 00:14:53.029 --> 00:15:01.539 And their refuge will be the Fire; and wretched is the resting place of the wrongdoers. 00:15:01.539 --> 00:15:08.090 Allah will cast terror, O believers, into the hearts of those who disbelieve in their Lord, 00:15:08.090 --> 00:15:12.090 Along with sheer panic, because of their associating partners with Allah, their worship of idols, 00:15:12.090 --> 00:15:17.090 And their obedience to Satan, for which I sent down no warrant; 00:15:17.090 --> 00:15:22.090 And their final destination to which they will return on the Day of Resurrection is the Fire; 00:15:22.090 --> 00:15:26.090 And wretched is the abode of the wrongdoers who wronged themselves 00:15:26.090 --> 00:15:31.090 By committing that which brought upon them Allah's punishment, the Fire. 00:15:31.090 --> 00:15:38.440 “Allah verily made good His promise unto you when ye routed them by His leave, until (the moment) when your courage failed you, and ye disagreed about the order and ye disobeyed, after He had shown you that for which ye long. Some of you desired the world, and some of you desired the Hereafter. Therefore He made you flee from them, that He might try you. Yet now He hath forgiven you. Allah is a Lord of Kindness to believers.” (3:152) 00:15:38.440 --> 00:15:44.440 “Allah verily made good His promise unto you when ye routed them by His leave, until (the moment) when your courage failed you, and ye disagreed about the order and ye disobeyed, after He had shown you that for which ye long. Some of you desired the world, and some of you desired the Hereafter. Therefore He made you flee from them, that He might try you. Yet now He hath forgiven you. Allah is a Lord of Kindness to believers.” (3:152) 00:15:44.440 --> 00:15:52.440 “Allah verily made good His promise unto you when ye routed them by His leave, until (the moment) when your courage failed you, and ye disagreed about the order and ye disobeyed, after He had shown you that for which ye long. Some of you desired the world, and some of you desired the Hereafter. Therefore He made you flee from them, that He might try you. Yet now He hath forgiven you. Allah is a Lord of Kindness to believers.” (3:152) 00:15:52.440 --> 00:16:02.440 “Allah verily made good His promise unto you when ye routed them by His leave, until (the moment) when your courage failed you, and ye disagreed about the order and ye disobeyed, after He had shown you that for which ye long. Some of you desired the world, and some of you desired the Hereafter. Therefore He made you flee from them, that He might try you. Yet now He hath forgiven you. Allah is a Lord of Kindness to believers.” (3:152) 00:16:02.440 --> 00:16:07.440 “Allah verily made good His promise unto you when ye routed them by His leave, until (the moment) when your courage failed you, and ye disagreed about the order and ye disobeyed, after He had shown you that for which ye long. Some of you desired the world, and some of you desired the Hereafter. Therefore He made you flee from them, that He might try you. Yet now He hath forgiven you. Allah is a Lord of Kindness to believers.” (3:152) 00:16:07.440 --> 00:16:16.440 “Allah verily made good His promise unto you when ye routed them by His leave, until (the moment) when your courage failed you, and ye disagreed about the order and ye disobeyed, after He had shown you that for which ye long. Some of you desired the world, and some of you desired the Hereafter. Therefore He made you flee from them, that He might try you. Yet now He hath forgiven you. Allah is a Lord of Kindness to believers.” (3:152) 00:16:16.440 --> 00:16:23.139 And Allah had certainly fulfilled His promise to you, O believers among the Companions of Muhammad (peace be upon him), 00:16:23.139 --> 00:16:30.139 At Uhud—the promise He made to them through the tongue of His Messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him); 00:16:30.139 --> 00:16:36.139 For the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had promised them victory on that day 00:16:36.139 --> 00:16:42.139 Provided they adhered to his command, as you were striking them down by My decree and judgment for you, 00:16:42.139 --> 00:16:48.139 And My giving you mastery over them, until you lost courage and faltered, 00:16:48.139 --> 00:16:53.139 And you disputed about the command of Allah, disobeyed, and went against your Prophet, 00:16:53.139 --> 00:16:57.139 Even after Allah had shown you, O believers in Muhammad, 00:16:57.139 --> 00:17:03.139 The victory and triumph over the polytheists before the archers abandoned their posts. 00:17:03.139 --> 00:17:05.140 “Allah verily made good His promise unto you when ye routed them by His leave, until (the moment) when your courage failed you, and ye disagreed about the order and ye disobeyed, after He had shown you that for which ye long. Some of you desired the world, and some of you desired the Hereafter. Therefore He made you flee from them, that He might try you. Yet now He hath forgiven you. Allah is a Lord of Kindness to believers.” (3:152) 00:17:05.140 --> 00:17:09.140 Those were the ones who abandoned their post seeking spoils of war 00:17:09.140 --> 00:17:12.140 When they saw the defeat of the polytheists; 00:17:12.140 --> 00:17:14.140 “Allah verily made good His promise unto you when ye routed them by His leave, until (the moment) when your courage failed you, and ye disagreed about the order and ye disobeyed, after He had shown you that for which ye long. Some of you desired the world, and some of you desired the Hereafter. Therefore He made you flee from them, that He might try you. Yet now He hath forgiven you. Allah is a Lord of Kindness to believers.” (3:152) 00:17:14.140 --> 00:17:21.140 While others among the archers remained steadfast, seeking the reward with Allah and the abode of the Hereafter. 00:17:21.140 --> 00:17:25.140 Then He turned you away, O believers, from the polytheists, 00:17:25.140 --> 00:17:29.140 After having shown you that which you loved of your victory over them, 00:17:29.140 --> 00:17:32.140 As a punishment for what you had done, 00:17:32.140 --> 00:17:37.140 And so that He might test you, distinguishing the hypocrite among you from the sincere, 00:17:37.140 --> 00:17:40.140 Who is truthful in his faith among you. 00:17:40.140 --> 00:17:42.140 And Allah has indeed pardoned you, 00:17:42.140 --> 00:17:47.140 Overlooking the full punishment for the sin you committed, 00:17:47.140 --> 00:17:52.140 Sparing you what would have been far greater than the setback He disciplined you with through the rout of your enemies; 00:17:52.140 --> 00:17:55.140 And Allah is full of bounty toward the people of faith, 00:17:55.140 --> 00:18:01.140 By pardoning them for much of what their sins would otherwise warrant of punishment; 00:18:01.140 --> 00:18:04.140 And even if He punishes them for part of it, 00:18:04.140 --> 00:18:09.140 He remains benevolent toward them through His gracious favors upon them. 00:18:09.140 --> 00:18:13.900 The Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari.