1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:05,160 --> 00:00:08,039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 3 00:00:08,580 --> 00:00:12,740 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 4 00:00:14,060 --> 00:00:16,820 Surah al-Saffat. 5 00:00:18,329 --> 00:00:23,010 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 6 00:00:23,789 --> 00:00:29,670 “And lo! of his persuasion verily was Abraham” (37:83) 7 00:00:29,870 --> 00:00:36,420 “When he came unto his Lord with a whole heart;” (37:84) 8 00:00:36,740 --> 00:00:41,939 “When he said unto his father and his folk: What is it that ye worship?” (37:85) 9 00:00:42,219 --> 00:00:48,539 Do you desire false deities instead of Allah? 10 00:00:48,859 --> 00:00:54,179 “What then is your opinion of the Lord of the Worlds?” (37:87) 11 00:00:55,659 --> 00:01:02,140 And indeed, among those who followed the path and religion of Noah was Abraham, the intimate friend of the Most Merciful. 12 00:01:02,460 --> 00:01:06,739 When he came to his Lord with a heart sound and free from polytheism. 13 00:01:07,019 --> 00:01:09,019 Devoted solely to Him in monotheism. 14 00:01:09,299 --> 00:01:11,540 When he said to his father and his people: 15 00:01:11,939 --> 00:01:13,939 "What is it that you worship?" 16 00:01:14,340 --> 00:01:17,859 "Do you desire false deities other than Allah?" 17 00:01:18,290 --> 00:01:22,609 "What do you think, O people, that He will do with you?" 18 00:01:22,810 --> 00:01:25,769 "Will you meet Him, having worshipped others besides Him?" 19 00:01:27,209 --> 00:01:32,329 “And he glanced a glance at the stars” (37:88) 20 00:01:32,609 --> 00:01:36,250 He said, "Indeed, I am ill." 21 00:01:36,489 --> 00:01:40,329 So they turned away from him, departing. 22 00:01:41,650 --> 00:01:43,849 “And he glanced a glance at the stars” (37:88) 23 00:01:44,290 --> 00:01:47,810 It is mentioned that his people were practitioners of astrology. 24 00:01:48,290 --> 00:01:50,290 He saw a star that had risen. 25 00:01:50,689 --> 00:01:52,689 He covered his head and said: 26 00:01:52,969 --> 00:01:54,969 "I am afflicted with illness." 27 00:01:55,290 --> 00:01:58,530 Abraham only intended for them to leave him. 28 00:01:59,140 --> 00:02:01,980 So they turned away from Abraham, departing from him. 29 00:02:02,340 --> 00:02:06,739 Fearing that they might catch the illness he claimed to have. 30 00:02:08,280 --> 00:02:13,680 “Then turned he to their gods and said: Will ye not eat?” (37:91) 31 00:02:14,000 --> 00:02:17,759 “What aileth you that ye speak not?” (37:92) 32 00:02:18,919 --> 00:02:23,120 Then he turned to their deities after they had left and departed. 33 00:02:23,560 --> 00:02:25,560 He brought food near them. 34 00:02:26,039 --> 00:02:28,039 When he saw that they did not eat, 35 00:02:28,560 --> 00:02:31,879 He said to them, "What is the matter with you that you do not eat?" 36 00:02:32,400 --> 00:02:34,400 And he saw that they did not speak. 37 00:02:34,800 --> 00:02:37,759 So he said to them, "Will you not eat?" 38 00:02:38,240 --> 00:02:40,240 “What aileth you that ye speak not?” (37:92) 39 00:02:40,520 --> 00:02:43,830 Mocking them. 40 00:02:43,830 --> 00:02:49,310 “Then he attacked them, striking with his right hand.” (37:93) 41 00:02:49,710 --> 00:02:53,789 So they came toward him, rushing. 42 00:02:54,110 --> 00:02:58,030 He said, "Do you worship that which you carve?" 43 00:02:58,469 --> 00:03:02,550 “When Allah hath created you and what ye make?” (37:96) 44 00:03:03,699 --> 00:03:07,539 Then he turned upon the deities of his people, striking them with his right hand. 45 00:03:08,020 --> 00:03:10,500 With an axe in his hand, breaking them. 46 00:03:11,210 --> 00:03:13,569 So they came to him, hastening. 47 00:03:14,169 --> 00:03:16,169 Abraham said to his people: 48 00:03:16,689 --> 00:03:21,370 "Do you worship, O people, that which you carve with your own hands from idols?" 49 00:03:21,810 --> 00:03:25,169 "While Allah created you, O people, and your deeds." 50 00:03:25,610 --> 00:03:28,250 Or [do you worship] that from which you make the idols? 51 00:03:28,729 --> 00:03:30,729 Which is the wood and the copper. 52 00:03:31,050 --> 00:03:34,889 And the materials from which they used to carve their idols. 53 00:03:36,719 --> 00:03:43,000 “They said: Build for him a building and fling him in the red-hotfire.” (37:97) 54 00:03:43,439 --> 00:03:50,759 “And they designed a snare for him, but We made them the undermost.” (37:98) 55 00:03:52,039 --> 00:03:56,280 The people of Abraham said, "Build a structure for Abraham." 56 00:03:56,879 --> 00:04:00,560 It is mentioned that they built for him a structure resembling a furnace. 57 00:04:01,120 --> 00:04:04,240 Then they brought firewood to it and ignited it. 58 00:04:04,840 --> 00:04:06,479 So they threw him into the blazing fire. 59 00:04:07,039 --> 00:04:08,680 And the 'Jahim' (blazing fire) to the Arabs, 60 00:04:09,159 --> 00:04:13,400 Is the coals of fire piled one upon another, and fire upon fire. 61 00:04:14,080 --> 00:04:19,079 So the people of Abraham intended a plot against Abraham by burning him with fire. 62 00:04:19,720 --> 00:04:23,000 But We made the people of Abraham the humiliated ones in argument. 63 00:04:23,720 --> 00:04:26,720 And We caused Abraham to prevail over them with the argument. 64 00:04:28,480 --> 00:04:35,120 “And he said: Lo! I am going unto my Lord Who will guide me.” (37:99) 65 00:04:35,560 --> 00:04:39,920 “My Lord! Vouchsafe me of the righteous.” (37:100) 66 00:04:41,529 --> 00:04:45,290 And Abraham said, when Allah saved him from their plot: 67 00:04:46,009 --> 00:04:50,209 "I am emigrating from the land of my people to the Holy Land." 68 00:04:50,850 --> 00:04:54,170 "And I am separating from them, withdrawing to worship Allah." 69 00:04:54,949 --> 00:04:57,790 "He will keep me steadfast on the guidance I have perceived." 70 00:04:58,069 --> 00:04:59,389 "And He will aid me in it." 71 00:05:00,110 --> 00:05:03,870 "My Lord, grant me from Yourself a child who will be among the righteous." 72 00:05:04,430 --> 00:05:07,110 Those who obey You and do not disobey You. 73 00:05:07,750 --> 00:05:10,550 And who do good on earth and do not cause corruption. 74 00:05:12,540 --> 00:05:16,779 So We gave him glad tidings of a forbearing boy. 75 00:05:17,220 --> 00:05:21,019 “And when (his son) was old enough to walk with him, (Abraham) said: O my dear son, I have seen in a dream that I must sacrifice thee. So look, what thinkest thou? He said: O my father! Do that which thou art commanded. Allah willing, thou shalt find me of the steadfast.” (37:102) 76 00:05:21,220 --> 00:05:26,220 He said, "O my son, indeed I see in a dream..." 77 00:05:31,220 --> 00:05:36,139 “And when (his son) was old enough to walk with him, (Abraham) said: O my dear son, I have seen in a dream that I must sacrifice thee. So look, what thinkest thou? He said: O my father! Do that which thou art commanded. Allah willing, thou shalt find me of the steadfast.” (37:102) 78 00:05:36,579 --> 00:05:40,300 He said, "O my father, do as you are commanded." 79 00:05:40,860 --> 00:05:48,300 "You will find me, if Allah wills, among the steadfast." 80 00:05:50,009 --> 00:05:54,410 So We gave Abraham glad tidings of a boy of forbearance when he grew up. 81 00:05:55,259 --> 00:05:59,420 When the boy whom Abraham was given glad tidings of reached the age of work, 82 00:06:00,060 --> 00:06:01,300 Abraham said: 83 00:06:01,899 --> 00:06:05,540 “And when (his son) was old enough to walk with him, (Abraham) said: O my dear son, I have seen in a dream that I must sacrifice thee. So look, what thinkest thou? He said: O my father! Do that which thou art commanded. Allah willing, thou shalt find me of the steadfast.” (37:102) 84 00:06:06,060 --> 00:06:08,259 "So look, what do you command?" 85 00:06:09,120 --> 00:06:10,199 His son said to him: 86 00:06:10,759 --> 00:06:14,360 "O my father, do as your Lord commands you regarding my slaughter." 87 00:06:14,879 --> 00:06:18,639 "You will find me, if Allah wills, patient among the steadfast." 88 00:06:18,639 --> 00:06:20,959 Regarding what our Lord commands us. 89 00:06:22,519 --> 00:06:28,199 “Then, when they had both surrendered (to Allah), and he had flung him down upon his face,” (37:103) 90 00:06:28,600 --> 00:06:34,120 “We called unto him: O Abraham!” (37:104) 91 00:06:34,519 --> 00:06:37,160 "You have fulfilled the vision." 92 00:06:37,560 --> 00:06:42,670 "Indeed, thus do We reward the doers of good." 93 00:06:43,069 --> 00:06:49,970 “Lo! that verily was a clear test.” (37:106) 94 00:06:51,579 --> 00:06:54,019 So when they both submitted to the command of Allah, 95 00:06:54,459 --> 00:06:56,100 And he laid him down on his forehead. 96 00:06:56,620 --> 00:07:00,139 And the two sides of the forehead are the right and left of the brow. 97 00:07:00,819 --> 00:07:03,660 “We called unto him: O Abraham!” (37:104) 98 00:07:03,660 --> 00:07:07,459 "You have fulfilled the vision that We showed you in your dream." 99 00:07:07,899 --> 00:07:10,420 "By commanding you to slaughter your son Isaac." 100 00:07:11,180 --> 00:07:14,899 "Indeed, just as We rewarded you for your obedience, O Abraham," 101 00:07:15,420 --> 00:07:19,180 "Thus do We reward those who do good and obey Our command." 102 00:07:19,779 --> 00:07:23,300 "Indeed, Our command to you, O Abraham, to slaughter your son," 103 00:07:23,819 --> 00:07:27,180 "Is the test that clarifies to whoever reflects upon it," 104 00:07:27,540 --> 00:07:30,939 "That it is a severe trial and a great affliction." 105 00:07:32,529 --> 00:07:36,449 And We ransomed him with a great sacrifice. 106 00:07:36,850 --> 00:07:41,170 And We left for him [favorable mention] among the later generations. 107 00:07:41,610 --> 00:07:44,889 Peace be upon Abraham. 108 00:07:45,290 --> 00:07:48,569 Thus do We reward the doers of good. 109 00:07:49,009 --> 00:07:53,410 Indeed, he was of Our believing servants. 110 00:07:55,040 --> 00:07:56,879 And We rewarded your son Isaac, 111 00:07:57,360 --> 00:08:01,000 By placing in the place of his slaughter the sacrifice of a great ram. 112 00:08:01,680 --> 00:08:06,920 And We preserved for him among those who came after him until the Day of Resurrection a good reputation. 113 00:08:07,560 --> 00:08:10,439 A security from Allah on earth for Abraham. 114 00:08:10,439 --> 00:08:14,240 That he would not be mentioned after his time except with beautiful praise. 115 00:08:15,000 --> 00:08:18,519 Just as We rewarded Abraham for his obedience and his excellence, 116 00:08:19,160 --> 00:08:21,360 Thus do We reward the doers of good. 117 00:08:22,120 --> 00:08:26,240 Indeed, Abraham was of Our servants who were sincere to Us in faith. 118 00:08:28,079 --> 00:08:34,440 “And we gave him tidings of the birth of Isaac, a prophet of the righteous.” (37:112) 119 00:08:34,759 --> 00:08:40,039 “And We blessed him and Isaac. And of their seed are some who do good, and some who plainly wrong themselves.” (37:113) 120 00:08:40,399 --> 00:08:47,919 “And We blessed him and Isaac. And of their seed are some who do good, and some who plainly wrong themselves.” (37:113) 121 00:08:49,529 --> 00:08:52,649 And We gave Abraham glad tidings of Isaac as a prophet. 122 00:08:53,129 --> 00:08:56,049 As a reward for his excellence and obedience. 123 00:08:56,690 --> 00:09:00,009 And We blessed Abraham and Isaac. 124 00:09:00,570 --> 00:09:05,610 And among their descendants is the believer who obeys Allah and is excellent in his obedience. 125 00:09:06,129 --> 00:09:10,929 And the disbeliever in Allah who has clearly wronged himself by his disbelief in Allah. 126 00:09:12,580 --> 00:09:17,340 “And We verily gave grace unto Moses and Aaron,” (37:114) 127 00:09:17,740 --> 00:09:23,059 “And saved them and their people from the great distress,” (37:115) 128 00:09:23,500 --> 00:09:28,740 And We supported them, so they were the victors. 129 00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:32,879 And We bestowed favor upon Moses and Aaron. 130 00:09:33,240 --> 00:09:35,159 And We made them both prophets. 131 00:09:35,679 --> 00:09:39,919 And We saved them and their people from the great distress and affliction, 132 00:09:40,440 --> 00:09:43,720 That they were in from the servitude of the family of Pharaoh. 133 00:09:44,279 --> 00:09:46,679 And from that by which We destroyed Pharaoh. 134 00:09:47,320 --> 00:09:51,159 And We supported them against Pharaoh and his people by drowning them. 135 00:09:51,679 --> 00:09:54,080 So they were the victors over them. 136 00:09:55,399 --> 00:10:00,860 And We gave them the clear Scripture. 137 00:10:01,179 --> 00:10:05,899 And We guided them to the straight path. 138 00:10:06,340 --> 00:10:10,500 “And We left for them among the later folk (the salutation):” (37:119) 139 00:10:10,899 --> 00:10:15,019 “Peace be unto Moses and Aaron!” (37:120) 140 00:10:15,419 --> 00:10:20,360 Indeed, thus do We reward the doers of good. 141 00:10:20,720 --> 00:10:26,080 “Lo! they are two of Our believing slaves.” (37:122) 142 00:10:27,570 --> 00:10:30,250 And We gave Moses and Aaron the Torah. 143 00:10:30,730 --> 00:10:35,769 And We guided Moses and Aaron to the straight path in which there is no deviation. 144 00:10:36,289 --> 00:10:38,330 Which is Islam, the religion of Allah. 145 00:10:39,009 --> 00:10:43,929 And We left for them both among the later generations after them good praise. 146 00:10:44,679 --> 00:10:47,080 “Peace be unto Moses and Aaron!” (37:120) 147 00:10:47,720 --> 00:10:50,200 Thus do We reward those who obey Us. 148 00:10:50,879 --> 00:10:55,360 Indeed, Moses and Aaron were of Our servants who were sincere to Us in faith. 149 00:10:57,070 --> 00:11:01,990 “And lo! Elias was of those sent (to warn),” (37:123) 150 00:11:02,429 --> 00:11:07,070 “When he said unto his folk: Will ye not ward off (evil)?” (37:124) 151 00:11:07,509 --> 00:11:14,190 “Will ye cry unto Baal and forsake the Best of creators,” (37:125) 152 00:11:15,580 --> 00:11:18,340 And indeed, Elias ibn Yasin ibn Phinehas, 153 00:11:18,740 --> 00:11:21,419 The son of Eleazar, son of Aaron, son of Imran, 154 00:11:21,860 --> 00:11:23,860 Was one of the messengers. 155 00:11:24,379 --> 00:11:27,460 When he said to his people among the Children of Israel: 156 00:11:28,220 --> 00:11:31,940 "Do you not fear Allah, O people, and stand in awe of Him?" 157 00:11:32,580 --> 00:11:37,700 "Do you call upon Ba'l and forsake the worship of the One who is better than he who is called Creator?" 158 00:11:38,379 --> 00:11:40,820 And 'Ba'l' is said to mean 'Lord'. 159 00:11:41,379 --> 00:11:43,259 And it is a dialect of the people of Yemen. 160 00:11:43,860 --> 00:11:46,539 And it is said it is an idol called Ba'l. 161 00:11:47,100 --> 00:11:48,899 And by it, Baalbek was named. 162 00:11:49,690 --> 00:11:53,570 And it is said that Ba'l was a woman they used to worship. 163 00:11:55,259 --> 00:12:02,960 “Allah, your Lord and Lord of your forefathers?” (37:126) 164 00:12:04,450 --> 00:12:09,250 That is your deity, O people, who deserves worship from you. 165 00:12:09,889 --> 00:12:11,889 Your Lord who created you. 166 00:12:12,289 --> 00:12:15,250 And the Lord of your forefathers who passed away before you. 167 00:12:15,730 --> 00:12:20,250 [And you worship] an idol that creates nothing, nor does it harm or benefit. 168 00:12:21,919 --> 00:12:26,720 But they denied him, so they will indeed be brought [to punishment]. 169 00:12:27,039 --> 00:12:31,080 Except the sincere servants of Allah. 170 00:12:31,480 --> 00:12:34,960 And We left for him [favorable mention] among the later generations. 171 00:12:35,440 --> 00:12:39,200 Peace be upon 'Ilyasin' (Elias). 172 00:12:39,600 --> 00:12:44,039 Indeed, thus do We reward the doers of good. 173 00:12:44,519 --> 00:12:51,330 Indeed, he was of Our believing servants. 174 00:12:51,649 --> 00:12:53,409 For Elias denied his people [their falsehood]. 175 00:12:53,929 --> 00:12:57,570 So they will indeed be brought into the punishment of Allah and will witness it. 176 00:12:58,049 --> 00:13:01,850 Except the servants of Allah whom He purified from the punishment. 177 00:13:02,519 --> 00:13:07,320 And We preserved for him good praise among the later nations after him. 178 00:13:07,950 --> 00:13:10,629 A security from Allah for the family of Yasin. 179 00:13:11,149 --> 00:13:15,149 Indeed, thus do We reward those who obey Us and the doers of good. 180 00:13:15,750 --> 00:13:20,549 Indeed, Elias was a servant among Our servants who believed and declared Our oneness. 181 00:13:20,830 --> 00:13:23,110 And did not associate anything with Us. 182 00:13:25,080 --> 00:13:29,639 “And lo! Lot verily was of those sent (to warn).” (37:133) 183 00:13:30,039 --> 00:13:35,080 “When We saved him and his household, every one,” (37:134) 184 00:13:35,519 --> 00:13:39,519 Except an old woman among those who remained behind. 185 00:13:39,960 --> 00:13:44,960 Then We destroyed the others. 186 00:13:46,259 --> 00:13:49,019 And indeed, Lot was one of the messengers. 187 00:13:49,620 --> 00:13:52,340 When We saved Lot and his family, all of them. 188 00:13:52,340 --> 00:13:55,539 And indeed, of the punishment that We inflicted upon his people, 189 00:13:56,059 --> 00:13:58,340 [None remained] except an old woman among those who stayed behind. 190 00:13:58,740 --> 00:14:00,340 And she was the wife of Lot. 191 00:14:00,860 --> 00:14:03,940 Then We pelted them with stones from above them. 192 00:14:04,340 --> 00:14:07,460 And We destroyed them by that. 193 00:14:08,059 --> 00:14:13,659 “And lo! ye verily pass by (the ruin of) them in the morning” (37:137) 194 00:14:14,059 --> 00:14:19,799 And by night; will you not then use your reason? 195 00:14:20,399 --> 00:14:24,000 Allah, the Exalted, says to the polytheists of Quraysh: 196 00:14:24,399 --> 00:14:28,799 "And indeed, you pass by the people of Lot whom We destroyed," 197 00:14:29,200 --> 00:14:32,000 "At your morning time, by day, and by night." 198 00:14:32,600 --> 00:14:37,000 "Do you not have intellects with which to reflect and contemplate?" 199 00:14:37,600 --> 00:14:40,600 "So you would know that whoever follows the path of these people," 200 00:14:41,200 --> 00:14:46,799 "Will have descend upon them from the punishment of Allah the like of what descended upon them for their disbelief in Allah." 201 00:14:48,370 --> 00:14:52,970 “And lo! Jonah verily was of those sent (to warn)” (37:139) 202 00:14:53,169 --> 00:14:57,970 “When he fled unto the laden ship,” (37:140) 203 00:14:58,370 --> 00:15:02,169 So he cast lots and was among the losers. 204 00:15:02,570 --> 00:15:06,570 Then the fish swallowed him while he was blameworthy. 205 00:15:08,000 --> 00:15:12,200 And indeed, Jonah was one of the messengers to his people. 206 00:15:12,799 --> 00:15:16,799 When he fled to the ship filled with cargo and heavily laden. 207 00:15:17,600 --> 00:15:21,000 So he drew lots and was among the losers. 208 00:15:21,399 --> 00:15:25,000 Then the fish swallowed him while he was deserving of blame. 209 00:15:26,690 --> 00:15:31,490 “And had he not been one of those who glorify (Allah)” (37:143) 210 00:15:31,889 --> 00:15:37,289 “He would have tarried in its belly till the day when they are raised;” (37:144) 211 00:15:38,789 --> 00:15:44,389 So had it not been that Jonah was among those who prayed to Allah before the trial he was afflicted with, 212 00:15:44,990 --> 00:15:49,990 He would have remained imprisoned in the belly of the fish until the day Allah resurrects His creation. 213 00:15:50,789 --> 00:15:54,590 But he was among those who remembered Allah before the trial. 214 00:15:54,990 --> 00:15:57,389 So Allah remembered him in the state of his trial. 215 00:15:57,789 --> 00:15:59,590 And He rescued him and saved him.