WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.060 --> 00:00:16.820 Surah al-Saffat. 00:00:18.329 --> 00:00:23.010 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.789 --> 00:00:29.670 “And lo! of his persuasion verily was Abraham” (37:83) 00:00:29.870 --> 00:00:36.420 “When he came unto his Lord with a whole heart;” (37:84) 00:00:36.740 --> 00:00:41.939 “When he said unto his father and his folk: What is it that ye worship?” (37:85) 00:00:42.219 --> 00:00:48.539 Do you desire false deities instead of Allah? 00:00:48.859 --> 00:00:54.179 “What then is your opinion of the Lord of the Worlds?” (37:87) 00:00:55.659 --> 00:01:02.140 And indeed, among those who followed the path and religion of Noah was Abraham, the intimate friend of the Most Merciful. 00:01:02.460 --> 00:01:06.739 When he came to his Lord with a heart sound and free from polytheism. 00:01:07.019 --> 00:01:09.019 Devoted solely to Him in monotheism. 00:01:09.299 --> 00:01:11.540 When he said to his father and his people: 00:01:11.939 --> 00:01:13.939 "What is it that you worship?" 00:01:14.340 --> 00:01:17.859 "Do you desire false deities other than Allah?" 00:01:18.290 --> 00:01:22.609 "What do you think, O people, that He will do with you?" 00:01:22.810 --> 00:01:25.769 "Will you meet Him, having worshipped others besides Him?" 00:01:27.209 --> 00:01:32.329 “And he glanced a glance at the stars” (37:88) 00:01:32.609 --> 00:01:36.250 He said, "Indeed, I am ill." 00:01:36.489 --> 00:01:40.329 So they turned away from him, departing. 00:01:41.650 --> 00:01:43.849 “And he glanced a glance at the stars” (37:88) 00:01:44.290 --> 00:01:47.810 It is mentioned that his people were practitioners of astrology. 00:01:48.290 --> 00:01:50.290 He saw a star that had risen. 00:01:50.689 --> 00:01:52.689 He covered his head and said: 00:01:52.969 --> 00:01:54.969 "I am afflicted with illness." 00:01:55.290 --> 00:01:58.530 Abraham only intended for them to leave him. 00:01:59.140 --> 00:02:01.980 So they turned away from Abraham, departing from him. 00:02:02.340 --> 00:02:06.739 Fearing that they might catch the illness he claimed to have. 00:02:08.280 --> 00:02:13.680 “Then turned he to their gods and said: Will ye not eat?” (37:91) 00:02:14.000 --> 00:02:17.759 “What aileth you that ye speak not?” (37:92) 00:02:18.919 --> 00:02:23.120 Then he turned to their deities after they had left and departed. 00:02:23.560 --> 00:02:25.560 He brought food near them. 00:02:26.039 --> 00:02:28.039 When he saw that they did not eat, 00:02:28.560 --> 00:02:31.879 He said to them, "What is the matter with you that you do not eat?" 00:02:32.400 --> 00:02:34.400 And he saw that they did not speak. 00:02:34.800 --> 00:02:37.759 So he said to them, "Will you not eat?" 00:02:38.240 --> 00:02:40.240 “What aileth you that ye speak not?” (37:92) 00:02:40.520 --> 00:02:43.830 Mocking them. 00:02:43.830 --> 00:02:49.310 “Then he attacked them, striking with his right hand.” (37:93) 00:02:49.710 --> 00:02:53.789 So they came toward him, rushing. 00:02:54.110 --> 00:02:58.030 He said, "Do you worship that which you carve?" 00:02:58.469 --> 00:03:02.550 “When Allah hath created you and what ye make?” (37:96) 00:03:03.699 --> 00:03:07.539 Then he turned upon the deities of his people, striking them with his right hand. 00:03:08.020 --> 00:03:10.500 With an axe in his hand, breaking them. 00:03:11.210 --> 00:03:13.569 So they came to him, hastening. 00:03:14.169 --> 00:03:16.169 Abraham said to his people: 00:03:16.689 --> 00:03:21.370 "Do you worship, O people, that which you carve with your own hands from idols?" 00:03:21.810 --> 00:03:25.169 "While Allah created you, O people, and your deeds." 00:03:25.610 --> 00:03:28.250 Or [do you worship] that from which you make the idols? 00:03:28.729 --> 00:03:30.729 Which is the wood and the copper. 00:03:31.050 --> 00:03:34.889 And the materials from which they used to carve their idols. 00:03:36.719 --> 00:03:43.000 “They said: Build for him a building and fling him in the red-hotfire.” (37:97) 00:03:43.439 --> 00:03:50.759 “And they designed a snare for him, but We made them the undermost.” (37:98) 00:03:52.039 --> 00:03:56.280 The people of Abraham said, "Build a structure for Abraham." 00:03:56.879 --> 00:04:00.560 It is mentioned that they built for him a structure resembling a furnace. 00:04:01.120 --> 00:04:04.240 Then they brought firewood to it and ignited it. 00:04:04.840 --> 00:04:06.479 So they threw him into the blazing fire. 00:04:07.039 --> 00:04:08.680 And the 'Jahim' (blazing fire) to the Arabs, 00:04:09.159 --> 00:04:13.400 Is the coals of fire piled one upon another, and fire upon fire. 00:04:14.080 --> 00:04:19.079 So the people of Abraham intended a plot against Abraham by burning him with fire. 00:04:19.720 --> 00:04:23.000 But We made the people of Abraham the humiliated ones in argument. 00:04:23.720 --> 00:04:26.720 And We caused Abraham to prevail over them with the argument. 00:04:28.480 --> 00:04:35.120 “And he said: Lo! I am going unto my Lord Who will guide me.” (37:99) 00:04:35.560 --> 00:04:39.920 “My Lord! Vouchsafe me of the righteous.” (37:100) 00:04:41.529 --> 00:04:45.290 And Abraham said, when Allah saved him from their plot: 00:04:46.009 --> 00:04:50.209 "I am emigrating from the land of my people to the Holy Land." 00:04:50.850 --> 00:04:54.170 "And I am separating from them, withdrawing to worship Allah." 00:04:54.949 --> 00:04:57.790 "He will keep me steadfast on the guidance I have perceived." 00:04:58.069 --> 00:04:59.389 "And He will aid me in it." 00:05:00.110 --> 00:05:03.870 "My Lord, grant me from Yourself a child who will be among the righteous." 00:05:04.430 --> 00:05:07.110 Those who obey You and do not disobey You. 00:05:07.750 --> 00:05:10.550 And who do good on earth and do not cause corruption. 00:05:12.540 --> 00:05:16.779 So We gave him glad tidings of a forbearing boy. 00:05:17.220 --> 00:05:21.019 “And when (his son) was old enough to walk with him, (Abraham) said: O my dear son, I have seen in a dream that I must sacrifice thee. So look, what thinkest thou? He said: O my father! Do that which thou art commanded. Allah willing, thou shalt find me of the steadfast.” (37:102) 00:05:21.220 --> 00:05:26.220 He said, "O my son, indeed I see in a dream..." 00:05:31.220 --> 00:05:36.139 “And when (his son) was old enough to walk with him, (Abraham) said: O my dear son, I have seen in a dream that I must sacrifice thee. So look, what thinkest thou? He said: O my father! Do that which thou art commanded. Allah willing, thou shalt find me of the steadfast.” (37:102) 00:05:36.579 --> 00:05:40.300 He said, "O my father, do as you are commanded." 00:05:40.860 --> 00:05:48.300 "You will find me, if Allah wills, among the steadfast." 00:05:50.009 --> 00:05:54.410 So We gave Abraham glad tidings of a boy of forbearance when he grew up. 00:05:55.259 --> 00:05:59.420 When the boy whom Abraham was given glad tidings of reached the age of work, 00:06:00.060 --> 00:06:01.300 Abraham said: 00:06:01.899 --> 00:06:05.540 “And when (his son) was old enough to walk with him, (Abraham) said: O my dear son, I have seen in a dream that I must sacrifice thee. So look, what thinkest thou? He said: O my father! Do that which thou art commanded. Allah willing, thou shalt find me of the steadfast.” (37:102) 00:06:06.060 --> 00:06:08.259 "So look, what do you command?" 00:06:09.120 --> 00:06:10.199 His son said to him: 00:06:10.759 --> 00:06:14.360 "O my father, do as your Lord commands you regarding my slaughter." 00:06:14.879 --> 00:06:18.639 "You will find me, if Allah wills, patient among the steadfast." 00:06:18.639 --> 00:06:20.959 Regarding what our Lord commands us. 00:06:22.519 --> 00:06:28.199 “Then, when they had both surrendered (to Allah), and he had flung him down upon his face,” (37:103) 00:06:28.600 --> 00:06:34.120 “We called unto him: O Abraham!” (37:104) 00:06:34.519 --> 00:06:37.160 "You have fulfilled the vision." 00:06:37.560 --> 00:06:42.670 "Indeed, thus do We reward the doers of good." 00:06:43.069 --> 00:06:49.970 “Lo! that verily was a clear test.” (37:106) 00:06:51.579 --> 00:06:54.019 So when they both submitted to the command of Allah, 00:06:54.459 --> 00:06:56.100 And he laid him down on his forehead. 00:06:56.620 --> 00:07:00.139 And the two sides of the forehead are the right and left of the brow. 00:07:00.819 --> 00:07:03.660 “We called unto him: O Abraham!” (37:104) 00:07:03.660 --> 00:07:07.459 "You have fulfilled the vision that We showed you in your dream." 00:07:07.899 --> 00:07:10.420 "By commanding you to slaughter your son Isaac." 00:07:11.180 --> 00:07:14.899 "Indeed, just as We rewarded you for your obedience, O Abraham," 00:07:15.420 --> 00:07:19.180 "Thus do We reward those who do good and obey Our command." 00:07:19.779 --> 00:07:23.300 "Indeed, Our command to you, O Abraham, to slaughter your son," 00:07:23.819 --> 00:07:27.180 "Is the test that clarifies to whoever reflects upon it," 00:07:27.540 --> 00:07:30.939 "That it is a severe trial and a great affliction." 00:07:32.529 --> 00:07:36.449 And We ransomed him with a great sacrifice. 00:07:36.850 --> 00:07:41.170 And We left for him [favorable mention] among the later generations. 00:07:41.610 --> 00:07:44.889 Peace be upon Abraham. 00:07:45.290 --> 00:07:48.569 Thus do We reward the doers of good. 00:07:49.009 --> 00:07:53.410 Indeed, he was of Our believing servants. 00:07:55.040 --> 00:07:56.879 And We rewarded your son Isaac, 00:07:57.360 --> 00:08:01.000 By placing in the place of his slaughter the sacrifice of a great ram. 00:08:01.680 --> 00:08:06.920 And We preserved for him among those who came after him until the Day of Resurrection a good reputation. 00:08:07.560 --> 00:08:10.439 A security from Allah on earth for Abraham. 00:08:10.439 --> 00:08:14.240 That he would not be mentioned after his time except with beautiful praise. 00:08:15.000 --> 00:08:18.519 Just as We rewarded Abraham for his obedience and his excellence, 00:08:19.160 --> 00:08:21.360 Thus do We reward the doers of good. 00:08:22.120 --> 00:08:26.240 Indeed, Abraham was of Our servants who were sincere to Us in faith. 00:08:28.079 --> 00:08:34.440 “And we gave him tidings of the birth of Isaac, a prophet of the righteous.” (37:112) 00:08:34.759 --> 00:08:40.039 “And We blessed him and Isaac. And of their seed are some who do good, and some who plainly wrong themselves.” (37:113) 00:08:40.399 --> 00:08:47.919 “And We blessed him and Isaac. And of their seed are some who do good, and some who plainly wrong themselves.” (37:113) 00:08:49.529 --> 00:08:52.649 And We gave Abraham glad tidings of Isaac as a prophet. 00:08:53.129 --> 00:08:56.049 As a reward for his excellence and obedience. 00:08:56.690 --> 00:09:00.009 And We blessed Abraham and Isaac. 00:09:00.570 --> 00:09:05.610 And among their descendants is the believer who obeys Allah and is excellent in his obedience. 00:09:06.129 --> 00:09:10.929 And the disbeliever in Allah who has clearly wronged himself by his disbelief in Allah. 00:09:12.580 --> 00:09:17.340 “And We verily gave grace unto Moses and Aaron,” (37:114) 00:09:17.740 --> 00:09:23.059 “And saved them and their people from the great distress,” (37:115) 00:09:23.500 --> 00:09:28.740 And We supported them, so they were the victors. 00:09:30.000 --> 00:09:32.879 And We bestowed favor upon Moses and Aaron. 00:09:33.240 --> 00:09:35.159 And We made them both prophets. 00:09:35.679 --> 00:09:39.919 And We saved them and their people from the great distress and affliction, 00:09:40.440 --> 00:09:43.720 That they were in from the servitude of the family of Pharaoh. 00:09:44.279 --> 00:09:46.679 And from that by which We destroyed Pharaoh. 00:09:47.320 --> 00:09:51.159 And We supported them against Pharaoh and his people by drowning them. 00:09:51.679 --> 00:09:54.080 So they were the victors over them. 00:09:55.399 --> 00:10:00.860 And We gave them the clear Scripture. 00:10:01.179 --> 00:10:05.899 And We guided them to the straight path. 00:10:06.340 --> 00:10:10.500 “And We left for them among the later folk (the salutation):” (37:119) 00:10:10.899 --> 00:10:15.019 “Peace be unto Moses and Aaron!” (37:120) 00:10:15.419 --> 00:10:20.360 Indeed, thus do We reward the doers of good. 00:10:20.720 --> 00:10:26.080 “Lo! they are two of Our believing slaves.” (37:122) 00:10:27.570 --> 00:10:30.250 And We gave Moses and Aaron the Torah. 00:10:30.730 --> 00:10:35.769 And We guided Moses and Aaron to the straight path in which there is no deviation. 00:10:36.289 --> 00:10:38.330 Which is Islam, the religion of Allah. 00:10:39.009 --> 00:10:43.929 And We left for them both among the later generations after them good praise. 00:10:44.679 --> 00:10:47.080 “Peace be unto Moses and Aaron!” (37:120) 00:10:47.720 --> 00:10:50.200 Thus do We reward those who obey Us. 00:10:50.879 --> 00:10:55.360 Indeed, Moses and Aaron were of Our servants who were sincere to Us in faith. 00:10:57.070 --> 00:11:01.990 “And lo! Elias was of those sent (to warn),” (37:123) 00:11:02.429 --> 00:11:07.070 “When he said unto his folk: Will ye not ward off (evil)?” (37:124) 00:11:07.509 --> 00:11:14.190 “Will ye cry unto Baal and forsake the Best of creators,” (37:125) 00:11:15.580 --> 00:11:18.340 And indeed, Elias ibn Yasin ibn Phinehas, 00:11:18.740 --> 00:11:21.419 The son of Eleazar, son of Aaron, son of Imran, 00:11:21.860 --> 00:11:23.860 Was one of the messengers. 00:11:24.379 --> 00:11:27.460 When he said to his people among the Children of Israel: 00:11:28.220 --> 00:11:31.940 "Do you not fear Allah, O people, and stand in awe of Him?" 00:11:32.580 --> 00:11:37.700 "Do you call upon Ba'l and forsake the worship of the One who is better than he who is called Creator?" 00:11:38.379 --> 00:11:40.820 And 'Ba'l' is said to mean 'Lord'. 00:11:41.379 --> 00:11:43.259 And it is a dialect of the people of Yemen. 00:11:43.860 --> 00:11:46.539 And it is said it is an idol called Ba'l. 00:11:47.100 --> 00:11:48.899 And by it, Baalbek was named. 00:11:49.690 --> 00:11:53.570 And it is said that Ba'l was a woman they used to worship. 00:11:55.259 --> 00:12:02.960 “Allah, your Lord and Lord of your forefathers?” (37:126) 00:12:04.450 --> 00:12:09.250 That is your deity, O people, who deserves worship from you. 00:12:09.889 --> 00:12:11.889 Your Lord who created you. 00:12:12.289 --> 00:12:15.250 And the Lord of your forefathers who passed away before you. 00:12:15.730 --> 00:12:20.250 [And you worship] an idol that creates nothing, nor does it harm or benefit. 00:12:21.919 --> 00:12:26.720 But they denied him, so they will indeed be brought [to punishment]. 00:12:27.039 --> 00:12:31.080 Except the sincere servants of Allah. 00:12:31.480 --> 00:12:34.960 And We left for him [favorable mention] among the later generations. 00:12:35.440 --> 00:12:39.200 Peace be upon 'Ilyasin' (Elias). 00:12:39.600 --> 00:12:44.039 Indeed, thus do We reward the doers of good. 00:12:44.519 --> 00:12:51.330 Indeed, he was of Our believing servants. 00:12:51.649 --> 00:12:53.409 For Elias denied his people [their falsehood]. 00:12:53.929 --> 00:12:57.570 So they will indeed be brought into the punishment of Allah and will witness it. 00:12:58.049 --> 00:13:01.850 Except the servants of Allah whom He purified from the punishment. 00:13:02.519 --> 00:13:07.320 And We preserved for him good praise among the later nations after him. 00:13:07.950 --> 00:13:10.629 A security from Allah for the family of Yasin. 00:13:11.149 --> 00:13:15.149 Indeed, thus do We reward those who obey Us and the doers of good. 00:13:15.750 --> 00:13:20.549 Indeed, Elias was a servant among Our servants who believed and declared Our oneness. 00:13:20.830 --> 00:13:23.110 And did not associate anything with Us. 00:13:25.080 --> 00:13:29.639 “And lo! Lot verily was of those sent (to warn).” (37:133) 00:13:30.039 --> 00:13:35.080 “When We saved him and his household, every one,” (37:134) 00:13:35.519 --> 00:13:39.519 Except an old woman among those who remained behind. 00:13:39.960 --> 00:13:44.960 Then We destroyed the others. 00:13:46.259 --> 00:13:49.019 And indeed, Lot was one of the messengers. 00:13:49.620 --> 00:13:52.340 When We saved Lot and his family, all of them. 00:13:52.340 --> 00:13:55.539 And indeed, of the punishment that We inflicted upon his people, 00:13:56.059 --> 00:13:58.340 [None remained] except an old woman among those who stayed behind. 00:13:58.740 --> 00:14:00.340 And she was the wife of Lot. 00:14:00.860 --> 00:14:03.940 Then We pelted them with stones from above them. 00:14:04.340 --> 00:14:07.460 And We destroyed them by that. 00:14:08.059 --> 00:14:13.659 “And lo! ye verily pass by (the ruin of) them in the morning” (37:137) 00:14:14.059 --> 00:14:19.799 And by night; will you not then use your reason? 00:14:20.399 --> 00:14:24.000 Allah, the Exalted, says to the polytheists of Quraysh: 00:14:24.399 --> 00:14:28.799 "And indeed, you pass by the people of Lot whom We destroyed," 00:14:29.200 --> 00:14:32.000 "At your morning time, by day, and by night." 00:14:32.600 --> 00:14:37.000 "Do you not have intellects with which to reflect and contemplate?" 00:14:37.600 --> 00:14:40.600 "So you would know that whoever follows the path of these people," 00:14:41.200 --> 00:14:46.799 "Will have descend upon them from the punishment of Allah the like of what descended upon them for their disbelief in Allah." 00:14:48.370 --> 00:14:52.970 “And lo! Jonah verily was of those sent (to warn)” (37:139) 00:14:53.169 --> 00:14:57.970 “When he fled unto the laden ship,” (37:140) 00:14:58.370 --> 00:15:02.169 So he cast lots and was among the losers. 00:15:02.570 --> 00:15:06.570 Then the fish swallowed him while he was blameworthy. 00:15:08.000 --> 00:15:12.200 And indeed, Jonah was one of the messengers to his people. 00:15:12.799 --> 00:15:16.799 When he fled to the ship filled with cargo and heavily laden. 00:15:17.600 --> 00:15:21.000 So he drew lots and was among the losers. 00:15:21.399 --> 00:15:25.000 Then the fish swallowed him while he was deserving of blame. 00:15:26.690 --> 00:15:31.490 “And had he not been one of those who glorify (Allah)” (37:143) 00:15:31.889 --> 00:15:37.289 “He would have tarried in its belly till the day when they are raised;” (37:144) 00:15:38.789 --> 00:15:44.389 So had it not been that Jonah was among those who prayed to Allah before the trial he was afflicted with, 00:15:44.990 --> 00:15:49.990 He would have remained imprisoned in the belly of the fish until the day Allah resurrects His creation. 00:15:50.789 --> 00:15:54.590 But he was among those who remembered Allah before the trial. 00:15:54.990 --> 00:15:57.389 So Allah remembered him in the state of his trial. 00:15:57.789 --> 00:15:59.590 And He rescued him and saved him.