1 00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:03,379 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,379 --> 00:00:06,349 The Ifadah Center 3 00:00:06,349 --> 00:00:09,470 for Humanities Studies and Research 4 00:00:09,470 --> 00:00:10,970 presents: 5 00:00:10,970 --> 00:00:15,869 Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari. 6 00:00:15,869 --> 00:00:23,989 Chapter: When someone gives part of their wealth, slaves, or riding animals in charity or endows them, 7 00:00:23,989 --> 00:00:25,589 it is permissible. 8 00:00:25,589 --> 00:00:28,100 On the authority of Ka'b ibn Malik, 9 00:00:28,100 --> 00:00:31,359 narrating the story of his staying behind from the expedition of Tabuk. 10 00:00:31,519 --> 00:00:32,520 He said: 11 00:00:32,520 --> 00:00:38,119 "I had never stayed behind from any expedition led by the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 12 00:00:38,119 --> 00:00:40,119 except for the expedition of Tabuk, 13 00:00:40,119 --> 00:00:43,619 although I had also missed the Battle of Badr; 14 00:00:43,619 --> 00:00:46,619 yet he did not reproach anyone who stayed behind from it, 15 00:00:46,619 --> 00:00:52,119 for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had only set out intending to intercept the caravan of Quraysh, 16 00:00:52,119 --> 00:00:57,119 until Allah brought them and their enemy together without prior appointment. 17 00:00:57,880 --> 00:01:02,880 Indeed, I was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) on the night of al-'Aqabah, 18 00:01:02,880 --> 00:01:05,379 when we pledged our allegiance to Islam, 19 00:01:05,379 --> 00:01:08,879 and I would not trade my presence there for the Battle of Badr, 20 00:01:08,879 --> 00:01:12,379 even though Badr is more famous among the people. 21 00:01:12,379 --> 00:01:14,379 As for my story: 22 00:01:14,379 --> 00:01:20,379 I was never physically stronger or financially more prosperous than when I stayed behind from him on that expedition. 23 00:01:20,379 --> 00:01:24,379 By Allah, I had never before possessed two riding camels at once, 24 00:01:24,379 --> 00:01:27,379 until I acquired both of them for that very expedition. 25 00:01:27,379 --> 00:01:34,379 Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) intended an expedition, he would use dissimulation by hinting at another, 26 00:01:34,379 --> 00:01:36,879 until that particular expedition came. 27 00:01:36,879 --> 00:01:41,879 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) undertook it in intense heat, 28 00:01:41,879 --> 00:01:46,879 facing a long journey, desert wilderness, and a vast enemy force. 29 00:01:46,879 --> 00:01:52,379 So he made the matter clear to the Muslims so that they could fully prepare for their campaign, 30 00:01:52,879 --> 00:01:55,879 and he informed them of the destination he intended. 31 00:01:55,879 --> 00:02:00,379 The Muslims with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) were numerous, 32 00:02:00,379 --> 00:02:03,480 and no written register contained their names. 33 00:02:03,480 --> 00:02:04,980 Ka'b said: 34 00:02:04,980 --> 00:02:09,979 Thus, any man wishing to absent himself would think he could remain unnoticed, 35 00:02:09,979 --> 00:02:12,479 unless divine revelation descended concerning him. 36 00:02:12,479 --> 00:02:17,039 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) undertook that expedition 37 00:02:17,039 --> 00:02:20,039 at a time when fruits were ripe and shade was pleasant. 38 00:02:20,539 --> 00:02:25,539 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and the Muslims with him prepared themselves, 39 00:02:25,539 --> 00:02:29,039 and I would go out in the morning intending to prepare alongside them, 40 00:02:29,039 --> 00:02:32,039 but I would return without having accomplished anything, 41 00:02:32,039 --> 00:02:34,039 telling myself: 42 00:02:34,039 --> 00:02:36,039 'I am capable of doing so whenever I wish.' 43 00:02:36,039 --> 00:02:40,539 This procrastination continued with me until the people became intensely earnest in their mobilization, 44 00:02:40,539 --> 00:02:45,539 and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and the Muslims with him set out in the morning, 45 00:02:45,539 --> 00:02:48,539 while I had not made any of my preparations. 46 00:02:48,539 --> 00:02:54,539 I said to myself, 'I will prepare a day or two after his departure and then catch up with them.' 47 00:02:54,539 --> 00:02:57,539 So I went out the morning after they had departed to prepare, 48 00:02:57,539 --> 00:03:00,539 but I returned without having accomplished anything. 49 00:03:00,539 --> 00:03:05,039 Then I went out again the next morning, and returned without having accomplished anything. 50 00:03:05,039 --> 00:03:09,539 It kept going on like this until they hastened forward and the campaign passed me by. 51 00:03:09,539 --> 00:03:12,539 I still resolved to set out and overtake them— 52 00:03:12,539 --> 00:03:14,539 and how I wish I had done so! 53 00:03:14,539 --> 00:03:16,539 But that was not decreed for me. 54 00:03:17,039 --> 00:03:22,539 Whenever I walked among the people after the departure of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 55 00:03:22,539 --> 00:03:24,539 and moved about among them, 56 00:03:24,539 --> 00:03:29,539 it grieved me that I saw only a person accused of hypocrisy, 57 00:03:29,539 --> 00:03:33,539 or someone among the weak whom Allah had excused. 58 00:03:33,539 --> 00:03:39,039 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) did not mention me until he reached Tabuk. 59 00:03:39,039 --> 00:03:42,539 While sitting among the people at Tabuk, he said: 60 00:03:42,539 --> 00:03:44,639 'What has Ka'b done?' 61 00:03:44,639 --> 00:03:46,639 A man from Banu Salimah said: 62 00:03:46,639 --> 00:03:51,639 'O Messenger of Allah, his two fine cloaks and admiring his sides have detained him.' 63 00:03:51,639 --> 00:03:53,639 Mu'adh ibn Jabal said: 64 00:03:53,639 --> 00:03:55,639 'What a terrible thing you have said! 65 00:03:55,639 --> 00:03:57,639 By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, 66 00:03:57,639 --> 00:04:00,639 we know nothing of him but good.' 67 00:04:00,639 --> 00:04:04,639 So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) remained silent. 68 00:04:04,639 --> 00:04:06,639 Ka'b ibn Malik said: 69 00:04:06,639 --> 00:04:10,639 When I heard that he was heading back, 70 00:04:10,639 --> 00:04:11,639 my distress overcame me, 71 00:04:12,639 --> 00:04:14,639 and I began to think of false excuses, 72 00:04:14,639 --> 00:04:18,639 saying, 'How can I escape his displeasure tomorrow?' 73 00:04:18,639 --> 00:04:22,639 and I sought the advice of every wise person among my family in this matter. 74 00:04:22,639 --> 00:04:24,639 But when it was said, 75 00:04:24,639 --> 00:04:29,639 'The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) is about to arrive,' 76 00:04:29,639 --> 00:04:31,639 all falsehood vanished from my mind, 77 00:04:31,639 --> 00:04:36,639 and I knew that I could never escape his displeasure through anything containing a lie, 78 00:04:36,639 --> 00:04:38,639 so I resolved to speak the absolute truth. 79 00:04:38,639 --> 00:04:42,639 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) arrived in the morning, 80 00:04:42,639 --> 00:04:45,639 and whenever he returned from a journey, 81 00:04:45,639 --> 00:04:46,639 —in another narration: 82 00:04:46,639 --> 00:04:51,639 and he rarely returned from a journey except in the forenoon— 83 00:04:51,639 --> 00:04:53,639 he would first head to the mosque, 84 00:04:53,639 --> 00:04:55,639 pray two rak'ahs therein, 85 00:04:55,639 --> 00:04:57,639 and then sit to receive the people. 86 00:04:57,639 --> 00:04:59,639 When he had done that, 87 00:04:59,639 --> 00:05:01,639 those who had stayed behind came to him, 88 00:05:01,639 --> 00:05:05,639 offering their excuses and swearing oaths to him; 89 00:05:05,639 --> 00:05:08,639 they were eighty-odd men. 90 00:05:08,639 --> 00:05:13,639 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) accepted what they openly claimed, 91 00:05:13,639 --> 00:05:16,639 accepted their pledge of allegiance, asked Allah to forgive them, 92 00:05:16,639 --> 00:05:19,639 and entrusted their secret motives to Allah. 93 00:05:19,639 --> 00:05:20,639 Then I came to him. 94 00:05:20,639 --> 00:05:22,639 When I greeted him with peace, 95 00:05:22,639 --> 00:05:24,639 he smiled the smile of one who is angry, 96 00:05:24,639 --> 00:05:26,639 then said: 97 00:05:26,639 --> 00:05:27,639 'Come forward.' 98 00:05:27,639 --> 00:05:31,639 So I walked up until I sat down before him, 99 00:05:31,639 --> 00:05:32,639 and he said to me: 100 00:05:32,639 --> 00:05:34,639 'What held you back? 101 00:05:34,639 --> 00:05:36,639 Had you not already purchased your mount?' 102 00:05:36,639 --> 00:05:38,639 I replied: 'Yes, indeed! 103 00:05:38,639 --> 00:05:42,639 By Allah, had I been sitting before anyone else of the people of this world, 104 00:05:42,639 --> 00:05:45,639 I would have thought I could escape his anger by offering an excuse, 105 00:05:45,639 --> 00:05:48,639 for I have been gifted with skill in argumentation. 106 00:05:48,639 --> 00:05:50,639 But by Allah, 107 00:05:50,639 --> 00:05:55,639 I know that if I tell you a lie today to please you, 108 00:05:55,639 --> 00:05:59,639 Allah will soon make you angry with me; 109 00:05:59,639 --> 00:06:03,639 and if I tell you the truth, which may make you displeased with me, 110 00:06:03,639 --> 00:06:06,639 I truly hope for Allah's pardon through it. 111 00:06:06,639 --> 00:06:07,639 No, by Allah! 112 00:06:07,639 --> 00:06:09,639 I had no excuse whatsoever. 113 00:06:09,639 --> 00:06:13,639 By Allah, I was never physically stronger or financially more prosperous 114 00:06:13,639 --> 00:06:15,639 than when I stayed behind from you.' 115 00:06:15,639 --> 00:06:19,639 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) then said: 116 00:06:19,639 --> 00:06:21,639 'As for this man, he has spoken the truth. 117 00:06:21,639 --> 00:06:25,639 Rise until Allah decides your case.' 118 00:06:25,639 --> 00:06:26,639 So I stood up, 119 00:06:26,639 --> 00:06:29,639 and some men from Banu Salimah became agitated, 120 00:06:29,639 --> 00:06:31,639 following me and saying to me: 121 00:06:31,639 --> 00:06:33,639 'By Allah, we have never known you 122 00:06:33,639 --> 00:06:36,639 to have committed a sin before this! 123 00:06:36,639 --> 00:06:41,639 Were you truly unable to offer an excuse to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 124 00:06:41,639 --> 00:06:44,639 like the excuses offered by the others who stayed behind? 125 00:06:44,639 --> 00:06:51,860 The prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) for your forgiveness would have sufficed for your sin.' 126 00:06:51,860 --> 00:06:53,860 By Allah, they continued reproaching me 127 00:06:53,860 --> 00:06:57,860 until I almost resolved to return and retract my truthfulness. 128 00:06:57,860 --> 00:06:59,860 Then I asked them: 129 00:06:59,860 --> 00:07:01,860 'Did anyone else face this along with me?' 130 00:07:01,860 --> 00:07:03,860 They said: 'Yes, 131 00:07:03,860 --> 00:07:06,860 two men said the same as you said, 132 00:07:06,860 --> 00:07:09,860 and the same was said to them as was said to you.' 133 00:07:09,860 --> 00:07:11,860 I asked: 'Who are they?' 134 00:07:11,860 --> 00:07:15,860 They said: 'Murarah ibn al-Rabi' al-'Amiri 135 00:07:15,860 --> 00:07:18,860 and Hilal ibn Umayyah al-Waqifi.' 136 00:07:18,860 --> 00:07:20,860 They had mentioned to me two righteous men 137 00:07:20,860 --> 00:07:24,860 who had both participated in Badr and in whom there was a model to follow. 138 00:07:24,860 --> 00:07:27,860 So I went on my way once they mentioned them to me. 139 00:07:27,860 --> 00:07:30,860 Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) prohibited 140 00:07:30,860 --> 00:07:33,860 the Muslims from speaking to the three of us 141 00:07:33,860 --> 00:07:35,860 from among those who had stayed behind. 142 00:07:35,860 --> 00:07:37,860 So the people avoided us 143 00:07:37,860 --> 00:07:39,860 and changed their attitude toward us, 144 00:07:39,860 --> 00:07:41,860 until the very earth felt alien to me, 145 00:07:41,860 --> 00:07:43,860 no longer being the land I once knew. 146 00:07:43,860 --> 00:07:47,860 We remained in that state for fifty nights. 147 00:07:47,860 --> 00:07:49,860 As for my two companions, 148 00:07:49,860 --> 00:07:53,860 they surrendered to grief and remained in their homes weeping. 149 00:07:53,860 --> 00:07:54,860 But as for me, 150 00:07:54,860 --> 00:07:57,860 I was the youngest and most resilient of the men; 151 00:07:57,860 --> 00:08:01,860 so I would go out, attend the prayer with the Muslims, 152 00:08:01,860 --> 00:08:03,860 and walk through the marketplaces, 153 00:08:03,860 --> 00:08:05,860 yet no one would speak to me. 154 00:08:05,860 --> 00:08:08,860 I would come to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 155 00:08:08,860 --> 00:08:12,860 and greet him with peace while he was sitting in his gathering after the prayer, 156 00:08:12,860 --> 00:08:14,860 and I would say to myself: 157 00:08:14,860 --> 00:08:18,860 'Did he move his lips to return my greeting of peace or not?' 158 00:08:18,860 --> 00:08:21,899 Then I would pray close to him, 159 00:08:21,899 --> 00:08:23,899 glancing at him stealthily; 160 00:08:23,899 --> 00:08:27,899 when I focused on my prayer, he would look toward me, 161 00:08:27,899 --> 00:08:30,899 but when I turned toward him, he would turn away from me. 162 00:08:30,899 --> 00:08:34,899 When this harsh treatment from the people dragged on too long for me— 163 00:08:34,899 --> 00:08:36,899 —in another narration: 164 00:08:36,899 --> 00:08:38,899 and nothing was more distressing to me 165 00:08:38,899 --> 00:08:43,899 than that I might die and the Prophet (peace be upon him) would not perform the funeral prayer over me, 166 00:08:43,899 --> 00:08:47,899 or that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) might pass away 167 00:08:47,899 --> 00:08:50,899 while I remained in that state among the people, 168 00:08:50,899 --> 00:08:53,899 with none of them speaking to me, 169 00:08:53,899 --> 00:08:56,899 nor offering prayers or greetings of peace upon me— 170 00:08:56,899 --> 00:09:02,090 I walked until I climbed over the wall of the orchard of Abu Qatadah, 171 00:09:02,090 --> 00:09:05,090 who was my cousin and the dearest of people to me. 172 00:09:05,090 --> 00:09:07,090 I greeted him with peace, 173 00:09:07,090 --> 00:09:10,090 but by Allah, he did not return my greeting. 174 00:09:10,090 --> 00:09:13,090 I said: 'O Abu Qatadah, 175 00:09:13,090 --> 00:09:15,090 I adjure you by Allah, 176 00:09:15,090 --> 00:09:18,090 do you not know that I love Allah and His Messenger?' 177 00:09:18,090 --> 00:09:19,090 He remained silent. 178 00:09:19,090 --> 00:09:21,090 So I returned to him and adjured him again, 179 00:09:21,090 --> 00:09:22,090 but he remained silent. 180 00:09:22,090 --> 00:09:25,120 Then I returned and adjured him once more, 181 00:09:25,120 --> 00:09:26,120 whereupon he said: 182 00:09:26,120 --> 00:09:29,120 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' 183 00:09:29,120 --> 00:09:31,120 At that, my eyes overflowed with tears, 184 00:09:31,120 --> 00:09:35,120 and I turned away and climbed back over the wall. 185 00:09:35,120 --> 00:09:36,120 He said: 186 00:09:36,120 --> 00:09:39,120 While I was walking through the marketplace of Medina, 187 00:09:39,120 --> 00:09:42,120 behold, a Nabataean Christian farmer from the Levant, 188 00:09:42,120 --> 00:09:46,120 among those who had brought grain to sell in Medina, 189 00:09:46,120 --> 00:09:47,120 was saying: 190 00:09:47,120 --> 00:09:50,120 'Who can direct me to Ka'b ibn Malik?' 191 00:09:50,120 --> 00:09:53,120 People began pointing toward me, 192 00:09:53,120 --> 00:09:55,120 until he came to me 193 00:09:55,120 --> 00:09:58,120 and delivered a letter to me from the King of Ghassan. 194 00:09:58,120 --> 00:10:01,120 It read: 'To proceed: 195 00:10:01,120 --> 00:10:05,120 It has reached me that your companion has treated you harshly, 196 00:10:05,120 --> 00:10:09,120 and Allah has not placed you in an abode of humiliation or neglect. 197 00:10:09,120 --> 00:10:11,120 So join us, and we will console and honor you.' 198 00:10:11,120 --> 00:10:14,120 When I read it, I said: 199 00:10:14,120 --> 00:10:16,120 Ka'b said, "This, too, was part of the trial." 200 00:10:16,120 --> 00:10:20,120 "So I went to the clay oven and fueled it with the letter." 201 00:10:20,120 --> 00:10:24,220 "When forty nights out of the fifty had passed," 202 00:10:24,220 --> 00:10:28,220 "Suddenly, the messenger of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)" 203 00:10:28,220 --> 00:10:30,220 "Came to me and said," 204 00:10:30,220 --> 00:10:33,220 "'The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)" 205 00:10:33,220 --> 00:10:36,220 "Commands you to separate from your wife.'" 206 00:10:36,220 --> 00:10:37,220 "I said," 207 00:10:37,220 --> 00:10:40,220 "'Should I divorce her, or what should I do?'" 208 00:10:40,220 --> 00:10:41,220 "He replied, 'No,'" 209 00:10:41,220 --> 00:10:44,220 "'Rather, separate from her and do not go near her.'" 210 00:10:44,220 --> 00:10:47,220 "And he sent a similar message to my two companions." 211 00:10:47,220 --> 00:10:49,220 "So I said to my wife," 212 00:10:49,220 --> 00:10:51,220 "'Go to your family'" 213 00:10:51,220 --> 00:10:56,220 "'And stay with them until Allah decrees a judgment in this matter.'" 214 00:10:56,220 --> 00:10:57,250 Ka'b said: 215 00:10:57,250 --> 00:11:02,250 "Then the wife of Hilal ibn Umayyah came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)" 216 00:11:02,250 --> 00:11:05,250 "And said, 'O Messenger of Allah,'" 217 00:11:05,250 --> 00:11:08,250 "'Hilal ibn Umayyah is an old, helpless man'" 218 00:11:08,250 --> 00:11:10,250 "'Who has no servant.'" 219 00:11:10,250 --> 00:11:12,250 "'Would you dislike it if I served him?'" 220 00:11:13,250 --> 00:11:14,250 "He said, 'No,'" 221 00:11:14,250 --> 00:11:16,250 "'However, he must not come near you.'" 222 00:11:16,250 --> 00:11:17,250 "She said," 223 00:11:17,250 --> 00:11:21,250 "'By Allah, he has no desire for anything!'" 224 00:11:21,250 --> 00:11:27,250 "'By Allah, he has not stopped weeping from the time this happened to him until this day of his.'" 225 00:11:27,250 --> 00:11:29,279 "Some of my family said to me," 226 00:11:29,279 --> 00:11:34,279 "'Why do you not ask permission from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) regarding your wife,'" 227 00:11:34,279 --> 00:11:38,279 "'Just as he permitted the wife of Hilal ibn Umayyah to serve him?'" 228 00:11:38,279 --> 00:11:39,279 "I said," 229 00:11:39,279 --> 00:11:44,279 "'By Allah, I will not ask the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) for permission regarding her!'" 230 00:11:44,279 --> 00:11:49,279 "'How do I know what the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would say'" 231 00:11:49,279 --> 00:11:53,279 "'If I asked his permission regarding her while I am a young man?'" 232 00:11:53,279 --> 00:11:56,539 "So I remained in that state for ten nights," 233 00:11:56,539 --> 00:12:03,539 "Until fifty nights were completed for us from the time the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) forbade" 234 00:12:03,539 --> 00:12:04,539 "Speaking to us." 235 00:12:04,539 --> 00:12:06,539 In another narration: 236 00:12:06,539 --> 00:12:11,539 "Allah sent down our repentance to His Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)" 237 00:12:11,539 --> 00:12:14,539 "When the last third of the night remained," 238 00:12:14,539 --> 00:12:19,539 "While the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was in the home of Umm Salamah." 239 00:12:19,539 --> 00:12:24,539 "Umm Salamah was well-disposed toward me and concerned about my matter." 240 00:12:24,539 --> 00:12:28,539 "So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said," 241 00:12:28,539 --> 00:12:32,539 "'O Umm Salamah, Ka'b has been forgiven.'" 242 00:12:32,539 --> 00:12:36,539 "She said, 'Shall I not send for him to give him the glad tidings?'" 243 00:12:36,539 --> 00:12:42,539 "He said, 'Then the people would crush you and prevent you from sleeping the rest of the night.'" 244 00:12:42,539 --> 00:12:47,759 "When I prayed the Fajr prayer on the morning of the fiftieth night," 245 00:12:47,759 --> 00:12:50,759 "While I was on the roof of one of our houses," 246 00:12:50,759 --> 00:12:54,759 "As I was sitting in the condition that Allah described—" 247 00:12:54,759 --> 00:12:59,759 "My own soul was constrained for me, and the earth, vast as it is, felt straitened for me—" 248 00:12:59,759 --> 00:13:04,759 "I heard the voice of someone calling out, who had climbed to the top of Mount Sal' shouting at the top of his voice:" 249 00:13:04,759 --> 00:13:08,759 "'O Ka'b ibn Malik, rejoice!'" 250 00:13:08,759 --> 00:13:13,889 "He said, 'So I fell down in prostration, knowing that relief had come.'" 251 00:13:13,889 --> 00:13:17,889 "And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had announced" 252 00:13:17,889 --> 00:13:21,889 "Allah's acceptance of our repentance after he prayed the Fajr prayer." 253 00:13:21,889 --> 00:13:24,889 "So the people set out to give us the glad tidings," 254 00:13:24,889 --> 00:13:27,889 "And glad tidings-bringers went out toward my two companions." 255 00:13:27,889 --> 00:13:32,889 "A man urged his horse toward me, while a runner from the tribe of Aslam sprinted on foot" 256 00:13:32,889 --> 00:13:37,889 "And climbed up the mountain, and the voice was faster than the horse." 257 00:13:37,889 --> 00:13:41,889 "When the person whose voice I had heard giving me the glad tidings came to me," 258 00:13:41,889 --> 00:13:46,889 "I took off my two garments and clothed him with them as a reward for his glad tidings." 259 00:13:46,889 --> 00:13:49,889 "By Allah, I owned no other clothes than those two on that day." 260 00:13:49,889 --> 00:13:52,889 "So I borrowed two garments and put them on," 261 00:13:52,889 --> 00:13:56,889 "And I set out to see the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)." 262 00:13:56,889 --> 00:14:01,889 "People met me group by group, congratulating me on the repentance," 263 00:14:01,889 --> 00:14:06,889 "Saying, 'May Allah's acceptance of your repentance bring you joy!'" 264 00:14:06,889 --> 00:14:10,919 Ka'b said, "Until I entered the mosque," 265 00:14:10,919 --> 00:14:13,919 "And there was the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)" 266 00:14:13,919 --> 00:14:15,919 "Sitting with the people gathered around him." 267 00:14:15,919 --> 00:14:21,919 "Then Talhah ibn 'Ubaydullah stood up and ran toward me, shook my hand, and congratulated me." 268 00:14:21,919 --> 00:14:25,919 "By Allah, no man from among the Emigrants (Muhajirun) stood up for me" 269 00:14:25,919 --> 00:14:28,919 "Other than him, and Ka'b would never forget this gesture of Talhah." 270 00:14:28,919 --> 00:14:35,019 Ka'b said, "When I greeted the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)," 271 00:14:35,019 --> 00:14:38,019 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said," 272 00:14:38,019 --> 00:14:41,019 "While his face was beaming with joy:" 273 00:14:41,019 --> 00:14:46,019 "'Rejoice in the best day that has passed over you since your mother gave birth to you!'" 274 00:14:46,019 --> 00:14:52,019 "He said, I asked, 'Is it from you, O Messenger of Allah, or from Allah?'" 275 00:14:53,019 --> 00:14:57,019 "He said, 'No, rather it is from Allah.'" 276 00:14:57,019 --> 00:15:00,019 "Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)" 277 00:15:00,019 --> 00:15:06,019 "Was pleased, his face would illuminate until it seemed like a piece of the moon," 278 00:15:06,019 --> 00:15:09,049 "And we used to recognize that in him." 279 00:15:09,049 --> 00:15:11,049 "When I sat down before him," 280 00:15:11,049 --> 00:15:13,049 "I said, 'O Messenger of Allah,'" 281 00:15:13,049 --> 00:15:19,049 "'As part of my repentance, I shall renounce my wealth as charity for the sake of Allah and His Messenger.'" 282 00:15:19,049 --> 00:15:23,139 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said," 283 00:15:23,139 --> 00:15:27,139 "'Keep some of your wealth for yourself; that is better for you.'" 284 00:15:27,139 --> 00:15:31,139 "I said, 'Then I shall keep my share that is in Khaybar.'" 285 00:15:31,139 --> 00:15:34,179 "And I said, 'O Messenger of Allah,'" 286 00:15:34,179 --> 00:15:37,179 "'Allah delivered me only because of my truthfulness,'" 287 00:15:37,179 --> 00:15:43,179 "'And part of my repentance is that I will speak nothing but the truth for as long as I live.'" 288 00:15:43,179 --> 00:15:48,179 "By Allah, I know of no one among the Muslims whom Allah has tested in truthful speech," 289 00:15:48,179 --> 00:15:55,179 "Since I mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), better than how He tested me." 290 00:15:55,179 --> 00:16:03,179 "By Allah, I have never intentionally told a lie from the time I mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) until this day of mine," 291 00:16:03,179 --> 00:16:07,179 "And I hope that Allah will preserve me for the remainder of my life." 292 00:16:07,179 --> 00:16:12,179 "And Allah revealed to His Messenger (peace be upon him):" 293 00:16:12,179 --> 00:16:19,179 “Allah hath turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the Muhajirin and the Ansar who followed him in the hour of hardship. After the hearts of a party of them had almost swerved aside, then turned He unto them in mercy. Lo! He is Full of Pity, Merciful for them.” (9:117) 294 00:16:19,179 --> 00:16:22,179 ﴾And be with the truthful.﴿ 295 00:16:22,179 --> 00:16:25,179 "By Allah, Allah has never bestowed a favor upon me," 296 00:16:25,179 --> 00:16:28,179 "After guiding me to Islam," 297 00:16:28,179 --> 00:16:33,179 "Greater in my sight than my having been truthful to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)," 298 00:16:33,179 --> 00:16:39,179 "Lest I lie to him and perish as those who lied perished." 299 00:16:39,179 --> 00:16:45,179 "For Allah said regarding those who lied when the revelation came down the worst of what He ever said about anyone," 300 00:16:45,179 --> 00:16:48,179 "For He (Blessed and Exalted is He) said:" 301 00:16:48,179 --> 00:16:53,179 ﴾They will swear by Allah to you when you return to them...﴿ 302 00:16:53,179 --> 00:16:58,179 “They swear unto you, that ye may accept them. Though ye accept them. Allah verily accepteth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:96) 303 00:16:58,179 --> 00:17:00,210 Ka'b said: 304 00:17:00,210 --> 00:17:08,210 "And we three were left behind from the affair of those whose excuses the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) accepted" 305 00:17:08,210 --> 00:17:12,210 "When they swore to him, so he accepted their allegiance and asked forgiveness for them." 306 00:17:12,210 --> 00:17:18,210 "And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) deferred our matter until Allah passed judgment on it." 307 00:17:18,210 --> 00:17:20,210 "Regarding that, Allah said:" 308 00:17:20,210 --> 00:17:23,210 “And to the three also (did He turn in mercy) who were left behind, when the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for them, and their own souls were straitened for them till they bethought them that there is no refuge from Allah save toward Him. Then turned He unto them in mercy that they (too) might turn (repentant unto Him). Lo! Allah! He is the Relenting, the Merciful.” (9:118) 309 00:17:23,210 --> 00:17:28,210 "And what Allah mentioned regarding our being left behind does not refer to our staying behind from the battle;" 310 00:17:28,210 --> 00:17:32,210 "Rather, it refers to His leaving us behind and deferring our matter" 311 00:17:32,210 --> 00:17:36,210 "Apart from the one who swore to him and offered excuses, which he accepted from him." 312 00:17:36,210 --> 00:17:40,039 Commentary on the hadith: 313 00:17:40,039 --> 00:17:42,740 "He lagged behind in the story of Tabuk," 314 00:17:42,740 --> 00:17:45,740 Meaning he delayed and did not go out in it. 315 00:17:45,740 --> 00:17:47,740 "And He did not reproach anyone," 316 00:17:47,740 --> 00:17:50,740 Meaning Allah did not reproach anyone. 317 00:17:50,740 --> 00:17:52,740 He means the caravan of the Quraysh. 318 00:17:52,740 --> 00:17:57,740 The caravan (*'eer*) refers to camels carrying food and provisions. 319 00:17:57,740 --> 00:17:59,779 "Without a prior appointment," 320 00:17:59,779 --> 00:18:01,779 Meaning without a prior agreement. 321 00:18:01,779 --> 00:18:02,779 "I witnessed," 322 00:18:02,779 --> 00:18:04,779 Meaning I attended. 323 00:18:04,779 --> 00:18:05,779 "The Night of 'Aqabah," 324 00:18:05,779 --> 00:18:13,779 It is the night in which the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) received the allegiance of the Ansar to Islam, shelter, and support, 325 00:18:13,779 --> 00:18:15,779 And that was before the Hijrah. 326 00:18:15,779 --> 00:18:18,779 "When we made a solemn pledge upon Islam," 327 00:18:18,779 --> 00:18:21,779 Meaning we made a covenant and contract. 328 00:18:21,779 --> 00:18:23,779 "More frequently mentioned among the people than it," 329 00:18:23,779 --> 00:18:26,779 Meaning more widely spoken of among the people. 330 00:18:26,779 --> 00:18:28,779 "Such was my account," 331 00:18:28,779 --> 00:18:30,779 Meaning my story. 332 00:18:30,779 --> 00:18:32,779 "That I had never been stronger," 333 00:18:32,779 --> 00:18:34,779 Meaning physically. 334 00:18:34,779 --> 00:18:36,779 "Nor possessed more ease," 335 00:18:36,779 --> 00:18:37,779 Meaning in terms of wealth. 336 00:18:37,779 --> 00:18:39,779 "That expedition," 337 00:18:39,779 --> 00:18:41,779 Meaning the Battle of Tabuk. 338 00:18:41,779 --> 00:18:43,779 "He practiced double entendre (*warra*)," 339 00:18:43,779 --> 00:18:44,779 Double entendre (*tawriyah*) 340 00:18:44,779 --> 00:18:47,779 Is mentioning an expression that carries two meanings, 341 00:18:47,779 --> 00:18:50,779 One of which is closer and more apparent than the other, 342 00:18:50,779 --> 00:18:54,779 Giving the impression of intending the obvious meaning while intending the distant one. 343 00:18:54,779 --> 00:18:56,779 "A vast wasteland (*mafaz*)," 344 00:18:56,779 --> 00:18:58,779 Meaning a desolate desert and wilderness. 345 00:18:58,779 --> 00:18:59,779 "So he made clear (*jalla*)," 346 00:18:59,779 --> 00:19:01,779 Meaning he disclosed and made manifest. 347 00:19:01,779 --> 00:19:02,779 "Preparation (*uhbah*)," 348 00:19:02,779 --> 00:19:05,779 Meaning preparing what they needed. 349 00:19:05,779 --> 00:19:06,779 "Toward a direction (*wajh*)," 350 00:19:06,779 --> 00:19:08,809 Meaning toward his intended destination. 351 00:19:08,809 --> 00:19:11,809 "And no registered record gathered them," 352 00:19:11,809 --> 00:19:14,809 He means the military ledger that records names. 353 00:19:14,809 --> 00:19:15,809 "Absents himself," 354 00:19:15,809 --> 00:19:18,900 Meaning stays behind from the battle. 355 00:19:18,900 --> 00:19:20,900 "Thought it would remain hidden," 356 00:19:20,900 --> 00:19:24,900 Meaning he believed that no one would notice his absence. 357 00:19:24,900 --> 00:19:25,900 "So I began (*tafiqtu*)," 358 00:19:25,900 --> 00:19:27,900 Meaning I started and commenced. 359 00:19:27,900 --> 00:19:29,970 "And I accomplished nothing," 360 00:19:29,970 --> 00:19:32,970 Meaning I did nothing and made no preparations. 361 00:19:32,970 --> 00:19:34,970 "Kept dragging on with me," 362 00:19:34,970 --> 00:19:36,970 Meaning procrastination. 363 00:19:36,970 --> 00:19:37,970 "Seriousness (*al-jidd*)," 364 00:19:37,970 --> 00:19:40,970 It is exertion of effort in a matter and going to extreme lengths in it. 365 00:19:40,970 --> 00:19:42,970 "My preparations," 366 00:19:42,970 --> 00:19:45,970 Meaning my preparation to depart for the battle. 367 00:19:45,970 --> 00:19:46,970 "So they departed (*fasalu*)," 368 00:19:46,970 --> 00:19:50,970 Meaning they left Medina and embarked on their journey. 369 00:19:50,970 --> 00:19:52,970 "The battle had slipped away (*tafarata*)," 370 00:19:52,970 --> 00:19:54,970 Meaning it had passed and gone ahead. 371 00:19:54,970 --> 00:19:55,970 And the intended meaning 372 00:19:55,970 --> 00:19:58,970 Is that it grew distant, and I despaired of catching up. 373 00:19:58,970 --> 00:19:59,970 "I resolved (*hamamtu*)," 374 00:19:59,970 --> 00:20:01,970 Meaning I intended firmly. 375 00:20:01,970 --> 00:20:02,970 "To overtake them," 376 00:20:02,970 --> 00:20:04,970 Meaning to catch up with them. 377 00:20:04,970 --> 00:20:06,970 "So I walked among them," 378 00:20:06,970 --> 00:20:10,970 Meaning I walked and passed among those who remained in Medina. 379 00:20:10,970 --> 00:20:12,970 "Accused of hypocrisy (*maghmoosan 'alayhi al-nifaq*)," 380 00:20:12,970 --> 00:20:18,099 Meaning impugned in his religion and suspected of hypocrisy. 381 00:20:18,099 --> 00:20:19,099 "A man," 382 00:20:19,099 --> 00:20:22,099 It was said that he was 'Abdullah ibn Unays. 383 00:20:22,099 --> 00:20:23,099 "Detained," 384 00:20:23,099 --> 00:20:24,099 Meaning prevented. 385 00:20:24,099 --> 00:20:26,099 "And looking at his sides," 386 00:20:26,099 --> 00:20:28,099 Meaning looking at himself. 387 00:20:28,099 --> 00:20:32,099 This indicates his self-admiration and pride in his attire. 388 00:20:32,099 --> 00:20:33,099 And it was said 389 00:20:33,099 --> 00:20:37,130 That this alluded to his beauty and elegance. 390 00:20:37,130 --> 00:20:38,130 "Returning (*qafilan*)," 391 00:20:38,130 --> 00:20:39,130 Meaning coming back. 392 00:20:39,130 --> 00:20:41,130 "My distress overtook me," 393 00:20:41,130 --> 00:20:44,130 Meaning worry seized me and gripped me. 394 00:20:44,130 --> 00:20:45,130 "From his displeasure," 395 00:20:45,130 --> 00:20:47,130 Meaning from his anger. 396 00:20:47,130 --> 00:20:49,130 "His arrival was imminent," 397 00:20:49,130 --> 00:20:52,130 Meaning his return to Medina drew near. 398 00:20:52,130 --> 00:20:53,130 "Departed (*zahaq*)," 399 00:20:53,130 --> 00:20:55,130 Meaning vanished. 400 00:20:55,130 --> 00:20:56,130 "Falsehood," 401 00:20:56,130 --> 00:20:58,130 meaning the intent to lie. 402 00:20:58,130 --> 00:20:59,130 "Then he would pray two rak'ahs," 403 00:20:59,130 --> 00:21:01,130 meaning he would perform the prayer. 404 00:21:01,130 --> 00:21:03,130 "And when he had done that," 405 00:21:03,130 --> 00:21:07,130 meaning after he prayed two rak'ahs, he sat in the mosque. 406 00:21:07,130 --> 00:21:09,130 "Those who stayed behind," 407 00:21:09,130 --> 00:21:12,130 meaning those who had remained behind from the expedition. 408 00:21:12,130 --> 00:21:13,130 "So they began," 409 00:21:13,130 --> 00:21:15,130 meaning they started. 410 00:21:15,130 --> 00:21:17,130 "Offering excuses to him," 411 00:21:17,130 --> 00:21:21,130 meaning mentioning their reasons for staying behind from the expedition, 412 00:21:21,130 --> 00:21:22,130 "And swearing oaths to him," 413 00:21:22,130 --> 00:21:25,130 meaning confirming their excuses with an oath. 414 00:21:25,130 --> 00:21:26,130 "A few over," 415 00:21:26,130 --> 00:21:28,130 the word *bid'* in counting 416 00:21:28,130 --> 00:21:31,130 refers to any number between three and nine. 417 00:21:31,130 --> 00:21:32,130 "Their outward deeds," 418 00:21:32,130 --> 00:21:34,130 meaning what was apparent from them. 419 00:21:34,130 --> 00:21:35,130 "Their inner secrets," 420 00:21:35,130 --> 00:21:38,130 meaning what they concealed internally. 421 00:21:38,130 --> 00:21:39,130 "You had bought your mount," 422 00:21:39,130 --> 00:21:42,130 meaning you had purchased your riding camel. 423 00:21:42,130 --> 00:21:44,130 "And I have indeed been given the power of argumentation," 424 00:21:44,130 --> 00:21:47,130 meaning eloquence and persuasive speech, 425 00:21:47,130 --> 00:21:50,130 "Such that I could exonerate myself from what is attributed to me" 426 00:21:50,130 --> 00:21:52,130 with an excuse that would be accepted and not rejected. 427 00:21:52,130 --> 00:21:54,130 "Allah would surely soon," 428 00:21:54,130 --> 00:21:58,130 meaning Allah will soon make you displeased with me. 429 00:21:58,130 --> 00:21:59,130 "You might feel displeased," 430 00:21:59,130 --> 00:22:00,130 meaning you might become angry. 431 00:22:00,130 --> 00:22:03,130 "I truly hope for Allah's pardon in it," 432 00:22:03,130 --> 00:22:07,130 meaning that the final outcome will be pardon and forgiveness. 433 00:22:07,130 --> 00:22:08,130 Meaning: go, 434 00:22:08,130 --> 00:22:09,130 meaning: stand up and leave, 435 00:22:09,130 --> 00:22:12,130 "Until Allah decides concerning you," 436 00:22:12,130 --> 00:22:15,130 meaning until Allah sends down His judgment concerning you. 437 00:22:15,130 --> 00:22:17,130 "And some men sprang up," 438 00:22:17,130 --> 00:22:18,130 meaning they leapt up 439 00:22:18,130 --> 00:22:20,130 "And followed after me," 440 00:22:20,130 --> 00:22:22,130 meaning they caught up with me. 441 00:22:22,130 --> 00:22:23,130 "You failed," 442 00:22:23,130 --> 00:22:25,130 meaning you were unable. 443 00:22:25,130 --> 00:22:26,130 "They rebuked me;" 444 00:22:26,130 --> 00:22:29,130 *al-Ta'nib* means severe censure and blame. 445 00:22:29,130 --> 00:22:31,130 "I intended," 446 00:22:31,130 --> 00:22:32,130 meaning I resolved. 447 00:22:32,130 --> 00:22:35,130 "Did anyone else meet this same fate with me?" 448 00:22:35,130 --> 00:22:37,130 meaning: did anyone encounter what I encountered, 449 00:22:37,130 --> 00:22:38,130 "An example," 450 00:22:38,130 --> 00:22:39,130 meaning a role model. 451 00:22:39,130 --> 00:22:41,130 "So I continued," 452 00:22:41,130 --> 00:22:42,130 the meaning is: 453 00:22:42,130 --> 00:22:44,130 I persevered in truthfulness 454 00:22:44,130 --> 00:22:46,130 and did not contradict myself with lies, 455 00:22:46,130 --> 00:22:49,130 and I began waiting for the judgment of Allah Almighty. 456 00:22:49,130 --> 00:22:51,259 "So the people avoided us," 457 00:22:51,259 --> 00:22:53,259 meaning they boycotted us. 458 00:22:53,259 --> 00:22:54,259 "It became estranged," 459 00:22:54,259 --> 00:22:56,259 meaning it changed, 460 00:22:56,259 --> 00:22:58,259 "So it was no longer the one I knew," 461 00:22:58,259 --> 00:23:01,259 meaning everything changed around me, 462 00:23:01,259 --> 00:23:02,259 even the earth itself, 463 00:23:02,259 --> 00:23:04,259 for it felt alien and desolate, 464 00:23:04,259 --> 00:23:08,259 becoming as if it were a land I had never known. 465 00:23:08,259 --> 00:23:10,259 "So we remained in that state," 466 00:23:10,259 --> 00:23:13,259 meaning we continued in this condition. 467 00:23:13,259 --> 00:23:14,259 "My two companions," 468 00:23:14,259 --> 00:23:18,259 they were Murarah and Hilal, may Allah be pleased with them. 469 00:23:18,259 --> 00:23:20,259 "So they surrendered," 470 00:23:20,259 --> 00:23:23,259 meaning they submitted and stayed quietly at home due to their weakness. 471 00:23:23,259 --> 00:23:25,259 "The youngest of the people," 472 00:23:25,259 --> 00:23:27,259 meaning the youngest of them in age, 473 00:23:27,259 --> 00:23:29,259 "And the most robust of them," 474 00:23:29,259 --> 00:23:31,259 meaning the strongest and most resilient of them. 475 00:23:31,259 --> 00:23:33,259 "So I would attend the prayer," 476 00:23:33,259 --> 00:23:35,259 meaning I would attend the congregational prayer, 477 00:23:35,259 --> 00:23:37,259 "And I would walk around," 478 00:23:37,259 --> 00:23:38,259 meaning I would roam about. 479 00:23:38,259 --> 00:23:40,259 "So I would steal glances at him," 480 00:23:40,259 --> 00:23:43,259 meaning I would look at him secretly. 481 00:23:43,259 --> 00:23:44,259 "He turned toward me," 482 00:23:44,259 --> 00:23:46,259 meaning he looked at me. 483 00:23:46,259 --> 00:23:48,259 "He turned away from me," 484 00:23:48,259 --> 00:23:50,259 meaning he averted his gaze from me. 485 00:23:50,259 --> 00:23:52,259 "Because of the people's harshness," 486 00:23:52,259 --> 00:23:55,259 meaning because of their estrangement and turning away. 487 00:23:55,259 --> 00:23:57,259 "I climbed over the wall," 488 00:23:57,259 --> 00:23:59,259 meaning I scaled the wall 489 00:23:59,259 --> 00:24:00,259 "Of an orchard," 490 00:24:00,259 --> 00:24:01,259 meaning a garden, 491 00:24:01,259 --> 00:24:03,259 "Belonging to Abu Qatadah," 492 00:24:03,259 --> 00:24:07,259 whose name was Al-Harith ibn Rib'i, may Allah be pleased with him. 493 00:24:07,259 --> 00:24:09,259 He did not return my greeting of peace 494 00:24:09,259 --> 00:24:12,259 because of the general prohibition against speaking to them. 495 00:24:12,259 --> 00:24:14,259 "I beseech you by Allah," 496 00:24:14,259 --> 00:24:16,289 meaning I ask you by Allah. 497 00:24:16,289 --> 00:24:18,289 "My eyes overflowed with tears," 498 00:24:18,289 --> 00:24:20,289 meaning I wept. 499 00:24:20,289 --> 00:24:21,289 "I turned away," 500 00:24:21,289 --> 00:24:22,289 meaning I left. 501 00:24:22,289 --> 00:24:24,289 "A Nabataean," 502 00:24:24,289 --> 00:24:25,289 meaning a peasant farmer, 503 00:24:25,289 --> 00:24:29,289 for the Nabataeans at that time were agricultural folk, 504 00:24:29,289 --> 00:24:33,349 and this Nabataean was a Christian from the Levant. 505 00:24:33,349 --> 00:24:34,349 "So he began," 506 00:24:34,349 --> 00:24:36,349 meaning he started. 507 00:24:36,349 --> 00:24:38,349 "He handed me a letter," 508 00:24:38,349 --> 00:24:40,349 meaning he gave me a message 509 00:24:40,349 --> 00:24:42,349 "From the king of Ghassan," 510 00:24:42,349 --> 00:24:45,349 one of the kings of Yemeni origin who had settled in the Levant. 511 00:24:45,349 --> 00:24:46,349 It is said 512 00:24:46,349 --> 00:24:48,349 that his name was Jabalah ibn al-Ayham, 513 00:24:48,349 --> 00:24:50,349 while others hold a different view. 514 00:24:50,349 --> 00:24:51,349 "Has treated you harshly," 515 00:24:51,349 --> 00:24:53,349 meaning he has boycotted you. 516 00:24:53,349 --> 00:24:54,349 "A place of humiliation," 517 00:24:54,349 --> 00:24:56,349 meaning degradation and abasement, 518 00:24:56,349 --> 00:24:58,349 "Nor a place where your rights are lost," 519 00:24:58,349 --> 00:25:00,349 meaning where your due right would be squandered. 520 00:25:00,349 --> 00:25:01,349 "We will console you," 521 00:25:01,349 --> 00:25:03,349 meaning we will relieve you. 522 00:25:03,349 --> 00:25:05,349 "So I went toward," 523 00:25:05,349 --> 00:25:07,349 meaning I headed for. 524 00:25:07,349 --> 00:25:09,349 "So I ignited it therein," 525 00:25:09,349 --> 00:25:12,420 meaning I stoked the fire with the scroll. 526 00:25:12,420 --> 00:25:16,420 "The messenger of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him," 527 00:25:16,420 --> 00:25:20,420 it is said that he was Khuzaymah ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him. 528 00:25:20,420 --> 00:25:21,420 "Your wife," 529 00:25:21,420 --> 00:25:27,420 her name was 'Umayrah bint Jubayr al-Ansariyyah, may Allah be pleased with her. 530 00:25:27,420 --> 00:25:29,420 "Go to your family," 531 00:25:29,420 --> 00:25:33,420 meaning go to your relatives and stay with them 532 00:25:33,420 --> 00:25:36,420 "Until Allah decides concerning this matter," 533 00:25:36,420 --> 00:25:40,420 meaning until the ruling of Allah Almighty descends regarding us. 534 00:25:41,420 --> 00:25:45,420 She was Khawlah bint 'Asim, may Allah be pleased with her. 535 00:25:45,420 --> 00:25:47,420 "A helpless old man," 536 00:25:47,420 --> 00:25:51,420 meaning incapable of managing his own affairs due to old age. 537 00:25:51,420 --> 00:25:53,420 "However, he must not approach you," 538 00:25:53,420 --> 00:25:57,450 which is a euphemism for sexual intercourse and its foreplay. 539 00:25:57,450 --> 00:25:59,450 "Since what happened to him began," 540 00:25:59,450 --> 00:26:02,509 meaning since the rejection of his excuse occurred. 541 00:26:02,509 --> 00:26:04,509 "So some of my family said to me," 542 00:26:04,509 --> 00:26:05,509 it is said 543 00:26:05,509 --> 00:26:07,509 that this was perhaps from among the women, 544 00:26:07,509 --> 00:26:12,509 since the prohibition did not apply to speaking with the women inside their homes. 545 00:26:12,509 --> 00:26:13,509 It is also said 546 00:26:13,509 --> 00:26:16,509 that the one who spoke to him was a hypocrite, 547 00:26:16,509 --> 00:26:18,509 and other opinions have been stated as well. 548 00:26:18,509 --> 00:26:19,509 "If only you were to ask permission," 549 00:26:19,509 --> 00:26:20,509 the meaning is: 550 00:26:20,509 --> 00:26:23,509 if only you would request an exemption in that regard. 551 00:26:23,509 --> 00:26:24,509 "So I remained," 552 00:26:24,509 --> 00:26:26,509 meaning I stayed. 553 00:26:26,509 --> 00:26:27,509 "Were completed," 554 00:26:27,509 --> 00:26:29,509 meaning reached full count. 555 00:26:29,509 --> 00:26:31,509 "In the state that Allah mentioned," 556 00:26:31,509 --> 00:26:33,509 meaning His words, Exalted is He: 557 00:26:33,509 --> 00:26:42,509 “And to the three also (did He turn in mercy) who were left behind, when the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for them, and their own souls were straitened for them till they bethought them that there is no refuge from Allah save toward Him. Then turned He unto them in mercy that they (too) might turn (repentant unto Him). Lo! Allah! He is the Relenting, the Merciful.” (9:118) 558 00:26:42,509 --> 00:26:45,539 "And the earth, vast as it was, became straitened for me," 559 00:26:45,539 --> 00:26:47,539 meaning despite its spaciousness. 560 00:26:47,539 --> 00:26:49,539 "The voice of a crier," 561 00:26:49,539 --> 00:26:52,539 it is said he was Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him. 562 00:26:52,539 --> 00:26:54,539 "He mounted upon," 563 00:26:54,539 --> 00:26:56,539 meaning he ascended and overlooked from 564 00:26:56,539 --> 00:26:58,539 "Mount Sal'," 565 00:26:58,539 --> 00:27:01,539 which is a small mountain by the marketplace of Medina. 566 00:27:01,539 --> 00:27:03,579 "So I fell down prostrating," 567 00:27:03,579 --> 00:27:06,579 meaning I cast myself upon the ground in prostration, 568 00:27:06,579 --> 00:27:07,579 and what is meant is 569 00:27:07,579 --> 00:27:10,579 hastening to prostrate in gratitude. 570 00:27:10,579 --> 00:27:11,579 "I realized," 571 00:27:11,579 --> 00:27:13,579 meaning I knew. 572 00:27:13,579 --> 00:27:14,579 "He announced," 573 00:27:14,579 --> 00:27:15,579 meaning he informed. 574 00:27:15,579 --> 00:27:17,579 "So the people set out," 575 00:27:17,579 --> 00:27:19,579 meaning the people started to go 576 00:27:19,579 --> 00:27:20,579 "Toward my two companions," 577 00:27:20,579 --> 00:27:22,579 meaning in the direction of my two companions, 578 00:27:22,579 --> 00:27:24,579 "Bearers of glad tidings;" 579 00:27:24,579 --> 00:27:26,579 it is said they were Sa'id ibn Zayd 580 00:27:26,579 --> 00:27:28,579 and Salamah ibn Salamah: 581 00:27:28,579 --> 00:27:30,579 the first gave glad tidings to Hilal, 582 00:27:30,579 --> 00:27:32,579 and the second gave glad tidings to Murarah. 583 00:27:32,579 --> 00:27:35,579 "A man galloped a horse toward me," 584 00:27:35,579 --> 00:27:38,579 he was Al-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam, may Allah be pleased with him, 585 00:27:38,579 --> 00:27:40,579 though another identity is also mentioned. 586 00:27:40,579 --> 00:27:42,579 "A runner from the tribe of Aslam ran swiftly," 587 00:27:42,579 --> 00:27:46,579 he was Hamzah ibn 'Amr al-Aslami, may Allah be pleased with him. 588 00:27:46,579 --> 00:27:48,579 "So he ascended upon," 589 00:27:48,579 --> 00:27:50,579 meaning he climbed and overlooked from. 590 00:27:50,579 --> 00:27:52,579 "So I clothed him in both of them," 591 00:27:52,579 --> 00:27:57,579 meaning I gave them both to Hamzah ibn 'Amr al-Aslami, may Allah be pleased with him. 592 00:27:58,579 --> 00:28:00,609 "And I borrowed two garments," 593 00:28:00,609 --> 00:28:04,609 it is said that he borrowed them from Abu Qatadah, may Allah be pleased with him. 594 00:28:04,609 --> 00:28:06,609 "So people began meeting me," 595 00:28:06,609 --> 00:28:09,609 meaning the people welcomed me 596 00:28:09,609 --> 00:28:11,609 "Group after group," 597 00:28:11,609 --> 00:28:13,609 meaning crowd upon crowd. 598 00:28:13,609 --> 00:28:15,609 "His face was shining," 599 00:28:15,609 --> 00:28:17,609 Meaning: it glistens and shines. 600 00:28:17,609 --> 00:28:19,609 Whenever he was happy, his face would shine with light. 601 00:28:19,609 --> 00:28:23,609 That is, whenever he experienced joy, his face would beam with light. 602 00:28:23,609 --> 00:28:25,609 "That I strip myself of all my wealth..." 603 00:28:25,609 --> 00:28:30,609 That is: to give away all my wealth as charity for the sake of Allah, Almighty and Majestic. 604 00:28:30,609 --> 00:28:33,640 "Keep some of your wealth for yourself." 605 00:28:33,640 --> 00:28:37,640 He commanded him to do so out of concern that he might suffer harm from poverty. 606 00:28:37,640 --> 00:28:40,640 "Allah rescued me only because of truthfulness." 607 00:28:40,640 --> 00:28:42,640 What is meant is: 608 00:28:42,640 --> 00:28:46,640 "Allah Almighty accepted my repentance only because I spoke the truth." 609 00:28:46,640 --> 00:28:48,640 "...as long as I live." 610 00:28:48,640 --> 00:28:50,640 That is: as long as I remain alive. 611 00:28:50,640 --> 00:28:51,640 "...Allah tests him," 612 00:28:51,640 --> 00:28:53,640 Meaning: Allah bestows favors upon him. 613 00:28:54,640 --> 00:28:56,670 "...that Allah protect me..." 614 00:28:56,670 --> 00:28:58,670 ...so as to abide by His limits. 615 00:28:58,670 --> 00:29:00,670 "...for the remainder of my life." 616 00:29:00,670 --> 00:29:02,670 That is: for whatever time remains of my life. 617 00:29:02,670 --> 00:29:07,670 “Allah hath turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the Muhajirin and the Ansar who followed him in the hour of hardship. After the hearts of a party of them had almost swerved aside, then turned He unto them in mercy. Lo! He is Full of Pity, Merciful for them.” (9:117) 618 00:29:07,670 --> 00:29:10,670 Meaning: He forgave them their lapses, 619 00:29:10,670 --> 00:29:12,670 Plentifully rewarded their good deeds, 620 00:29:12,670 --> 00:29:15,670 And elevated them to the highest ranks. 621 00:29:15,670 --> 00:29:17,670 ﴿And be with those who are truthful.﴾ 622 00:29:17,670 --> 00:29:21,670 That is: in their speech, their actions, and their spiritual states. 623 00:29:21,670 --> 00:29:23,670 "...ever." 624 00:29:23,670 --> 00:29:25,670 Used to emphasize the negation of past action. 625 00:29:25,670 --> 00:29:27,670 "...just as those who lied were destroyed." 626 00:29:27,670 --> 00:29:30,670 Meaning: similar to the destruction of those who lied. 627 00:29:30,670 --> 00:29:32,670 "...the worst thing that was ever said to anyone." 628 00:29:32,670 --> 00:29:36,670 Meaning: the worst statement made to any human being. 629 00:29:36,670 --> 00:29:40,670 “They will swear by Allah unto you, when ye return unto them, that ye may let them be. Let them be, for lo! they are unclean, and their abode is hell as the reward for what they used to earn.” (9:95) 630 00:29:40,670 --> 00:29:43,670 That is: when you return from the military expedition. 631 00:29:43,670 --> 00:29:46,670 "And we three were left behind..." 632 00:29:46,670 --> 00:29:49,670 Meaning: the acceptance of our repentance was deferred. 633 00:29:49,670 --> 00:29:52,670 "And he deferred"—meaning: he postponed. 634 00:29:52,670 --> 00:29:54,670 "...until Allah decreed concerning it." 635 00:29:54,670 --> 00:29:58,670 Meaning: until Allah sent down His judgment regarding us. 636 00:29:58,670 --> 00:30:01,670 "It refers only to his leaving us behind..." 637 00:30:01,670 --> 00:30:05,670 Meaning: postponing our affair compared to the case of those who swore oaths to him and offered excuses, 638 00:30:05,670 --> 00:30:09,670 So he accepted their excuses and oaths, and forgave them. 639 00:30:09,670 --> 00:30:12,670 "And his deferring"—that is, his postponing. 640 00:30:12,670 --> 00:30:16,410 Benefits derived from the hadith: 641 00:30:16,410 --> 00:30:19,140 From this hadith, the following points are derived: 642 00:30:19,140 --> 00:30:23,140 The permissibility of seeking the property of non-belligerent disbelievers. 643 00:30:23,140 --> 00:30:26,140 It contains proof for the permissibility of spoils of war for this Ummah. 644 00:30:26,140 --> 00:30:30,140 Since he stated that he intended the caravan of Quraish. 645 00:30:30,140 --> 00:30:34,140 It highlights the virtue of the people of Badr and those who participated in the Pledge of al-Aqabah. 646 00:30:34,140 --> 00:30:37,140 It contains an explicit declaration of the target direction of a military expedition. 647 00:30:37,140 --> 00:30:40,140 But if public interest does not dictate it, it should not be mentioned. 648 00:30:40,140 --> 00:30:44,140 It indicates that when the leader issues a general call to arms, 649 00:30:44,140 --> 00:30:46,140 Mobilization becomes obligatory. 650 00:30:46,140 --> 00:30:50,140 It establishes the legitimacy of expressing regret over missed good deeds. 651 00:30:50,140 --> 00:30:56,140 The hadith points to the importance of hastening to perform righteous deeds and condemns procrastination. 652 00:30:56,140 --> 00:31:00,140 It shows the leader's duty to check on his companions during critical matters. 653 00:31:00,140 --> 00:31:05,140 The hadith contains a condemnation of hypocrisy and a warning against the deeds of the hypocrites. 654 00:31:05,140 --> 00:31:08,140 It demonstrates the permissibility of swearing an oath without being asked to do so. 655 00:31:08,140 --> 00:31:12,140 It indicates the legitimacy of wishing for good deeds that one has missed. 656 00:31:12,140 --> 00:31:15,140 It highlights the virtue of brotherhood, 657 00:31:15,140 --> 00:31:18,140 And the merit of defending the honor of fellow Muslims. 658 00:31:18,140 --> 00:31:22,140 It permits commending a person in his absence when it serves a valid interest, 659 00:31:22,140 --> 00:31:26,140 And shows that this is not considered blameworthy praise. 660 00:31:26,140 --> 00:31:30,140 The hadith shows that lying is part of falsehood that must be avoided. 661 00:31:30,140 --> 00:31:35,140 It illustrates using a part to refer to the whole, by calling the prayer a rak'ah. 662 00:31:35,140 --> 00:31:42,140 It shows that it is recommended for someone returning from a journey to go first to the mosque and pray two rak'ahs. 663 00:31:42,140 --> 00:31:49,140 It establishes the practice of welcoming someone returning from a journey and people gathering around him upon his arrival. 664 00:31:49,140 --> 00:31:52,140 It highlights the supreme virtue of truthfulness. 665 00:31:52,140 --> 00:31:55,140 It indicates judging people by outward appearances and accepting offered excuses, 666 00:31:55,140 --> 00:31:58,140 While leaving the secrets of the hearts to Allah. 667 00:31:58,140 --> 00:32:01,140 It demonstrates the legitimacy of weeping over one's sins, 668 00:32:01,140 --> 00:32:06,140 And that weeping is a sign of a sincere penitent. 669 00:32:06,140 --> 00:32:12,140 It shows that following the example of righteous peers helps provide solace and lighten afflictions. 670 00:32:12,140 --> 00:32:20,140 It indicates that the leader may discipline some of his companions by withholding speech from them and instructing them to stay away from their wives. 671 00:32:20,140 --> 00:32:24,140 It provides guidance on attending congregational prayer. 672 00:32:24,140 --> 00:32:27,140 The hadith highlights the virtue of fortitude and patience. 673 00:32:27,140 --> 00:32:34,140 It shows the virtue of the Prophet's (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) seeking forgiveness for his Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). 674 00:32:34,140 --> 00:32:38,140 It establishes the legitimacy of boycotting people of sin and religious innovation. 675 00:32:38,140 --> 00:32:43,140 It demonstrates giving precedence to obedience to Allah and His Messenger over affection for relatives. 676 00:32:43,140 --> 00:32:48,140 It shows the permissibility of withholding the greeting of peace and its response from a boycotted person. 677 00:32:48,140 --> 00:32:54,140 The hadith indicates that initiating or returning a greeting is considered intentional speech, 678 00:32:54,140 --> 00:32:58,140 Which would break an oath if one swore not to speak to someone. 679 00:32:58,140 --> 00:33:03,140 It demonstrates the virtue and strength of faith during times of trial. 680 00:33:03,140 --> 00:33:08,140 It shows that stealing a glance during prayer does not invalidate it. 681 00:33:08,140 --> 00:33:16,140 It permits entering the garden of a close friend without explicit permission if his consent is known. 682 00:33:16,140 --> 00:33:21,140 It indicates that indirect expressions do not effect a divorce unless accompanied by intention. 683 00:33:21,140 --> 00:33:26,140 The hadith points to the legitimacy of a woman serving her husband. 684 00:33:26,140 --> 00:33:32,140 It demonstrates taking precaution by staying away from anything that might lead to falling into the prohibited. 685 00:33:32,140 --> 00:33:38,140 It permits burning a paper containing the name of Allah if done for a valid interest. 686 00:33:38,140 --> 00:33:44,140 It shows that a strong person is held to a stricter standard in religion than a weak one. 687 00:33:44,140 --> 00:33:49,140 It indicates the permissibility of holding oneself to strict resolve and foregoing concessions. 688 00:33:49,140 --> 00:33:54,140 It shows the preference for using indirect expressions regarding matters that evoke shyness to state explicitly. 689 00:33:54,140 --> 00:34:02,140 It demonstrates placing the command of Allah Almighty and the command of His Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) above the wishes of spouse and family. 690 00:34:02,140 --> 00:34:09,139 It permits giving good tidings and congratulations among people regarding joyful matters of this world and the Hereafter. 691 00:34:09,139 --> 00:34:14,139 It highlights the recommendation of giving good news upon the renewal of blessings and the removal of distress. 692 00:34:14,139 --> 00:34:19,139 It permits giving the bearer of good news a reward or gift for his glad tidings. 693 00:34:19,139 --> 00:34:23,139 It establishes the legitimacy of performing the prostration of gratitude upon receiving blessings. 694 00:34:23,139 --> 00:34:33,139 The hadith shows how closely the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) observed the states of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in pleasure and anger. 695 00:34:33,139 --> 00:34:37,139 It indicates the legitimacy of giving charity upon attaining a desired goal. 696 00:34:37,139 --> 00:34:42,139 The hadith points to the prohibition of giving away all of one's wealth in charity, 697 00:34:42,139 --> 00:34:45,139 And that it is preferable for a person to retain some of his property. 698 00:34:46,139 --> 00:34:51,139 It shows that wealth is a broader term encompassing both cash and real estate. 699 00:34:51,139 --> 00:34:56,139 It establishes the legitimacy of people gathering around the leader during important matters, 700 00:34:56,139 --> 00:34:59,139 And his joy over that which brings joy to his companions. 701 00:34:59,139 --> 00:35:03,139 It permits shaking hands with an arriving person and standing up to greet him. 702 00:35:03,139 --> 00:35:08,179 It shows the recommendation of persisting in beneficial good deeds. 703 00:35:08,179 --> 00:35:14,179 It demonstrates turning to Allah, Glorified and Exalted, for protection against sins and transgressions. 704 00:35:14,179 --> 00:35:17,179 It emphasizes the severity and gravity of sin. 705 00:35:17,179 --> 00:35:22,179 It permits a person to speak of his own shortcomings and neglect. 706 00:35:22,179 --> 00:35:27,179 It permits praising a man for the good qualities he possesses if there is no fear of fitnah for him. 707 00:35:27,179 --> 00:35:30,179 It establishes the legitimacy of borrowing items. 708 00:35:30,179 --> 00:35:33,179 It encourages hastening toward repentance, 709 00:35:33,179 --> 00:35:36,179 For the door of repentance is always open to sinners, 710 00:35:36,179 --> 00:35:43,179 And if they repent, Allah, Glorified and Exalted, will accept their repentance and be pleased with them. 711 00:35:43,179 --> 00:35:49,210 The hadith serves as evidence for those who advocate restricting the conditions of a person imprisoned for sins and transgressions.