WEBVTT 00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:03.379 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.379 --> 00:00:06.349 The Ifadah Center 00:00:06.349 --> 00:00:09.470 for Humanities Studies and Research 00:00:09.470 --> 00:00:10.970 presents: 00:00:10.970 --> 00:00:15.869 Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari. 00:00:15.869 --> 00:00:23.989 Chapter: When someone gives part of their wealth, slaves, or riding animals in charity or endows them, 00:00:23.989 --> 00:00:25.589 it is permissible. 00:00:25.589 --> 00:00:28.100 On the authority of Ka'b ibn Malik, 00:00:28.100 --> 00:00:31.359 narrating the story of his staying behind from the expedition of Tabuk. 00:00:31.519 --> 00:00:32.520 He said: 00:00:32.520 --> 00:00:38.119 "I had never stayed behind from any expedition led by the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:00:38.119 --> 00:00:40.119 except for the expedition of Tabuk, 00:00:40.119 --> 00:00:43.619 although I had also missed the Battle of Badr; 00:00:43.619 --> 00:00:46.619 yet he did not reproach anyone who stayed behind from it, 00:00:46.619 --> 00:00:52.119 for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had only set out intending to intercept the caravan of Quraysh, 00:00:52.119 --> 00:00:57.119 until Allah brought them and their enemy together without prior appointment. 00:00:57.880 --> 00:01:02.880 Indeed, I was present with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) on the night of al-'Aqabah, 00:01:02.880 --> 00:01:05.379 when we pledged our allegiance to Islam, 00:01:05.379 --> 00:01:08.879 and I would not trade my presence there for the Battle of Badr, 00:01:08.879 --> 00:01:12.379 even though Badr is more famous among the people. 00:01:12.379 --> 00:01:14.379 As for my story: 00:01:14.379 --> 00:01:20.379 I was never physically stronger or financially more prosperous than when I stayed behind from him on that expedition. 00:01:20.379 --> 00:01:24.379 By Allah, I had never before possessed two riding camels at once, 00:01:24.379 --> 00:01:27.379 until I acquired both of them for that very expedition. 00:01:27.379 --> 00:01:34.379 Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) intended an expedition, he would use dissimulation by hinting at another, 00:01:34.379 --> 00:01:36.879 until that particular expedition came. 00:01:36.879 --> 00:01:41.879 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) undertook it in intense heat, 00:01:41.879 --> 00:01:46.879 facing a long journey, desert wilderness, and a vast enemy force. 00:01:46.879 --> 00:01:52.379 So he made the matter clear to the Muslims so that they could fully prepare for their campaign, 00:01:52.879 --> 00:01:55.879 and he informed them of the destination he intended. 00:01:55.879 --> 00:02:00.379 The Muslims with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) were numerous, 00:02:00.379 --> 00:02:03.480 and no written register contained their names. 00:02:03.480 --> 00:02:04.980 Ka'b said: 00:02:04.980 --> 00:02:09.979 Thus, any man wishing to absent himself would think he could remain unnoticed, 00:02:09.979 --> 00:02:12.479 unless divine revelation descended concerning him. 00:02:12.479 --> 00:02:17.039 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) undertook that expedition 00:02:17.039 --> 00:02:20.039 at a time when fruits were ripe and shade was pleasant. 00:02:20.539 --> 00:02:25.539 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and the Muslims with him prepared themselves, 00:02:25.539 --> 00:02:29.039 and I would go out in the morning intending to prepare alongside them, 00:02:29.039 --> 00:02:32.039 but I would return without having accomplished anything, 00:02:32.039 --> 00:02:34.039 telling myself: 00:02:34.039 --> 00:02:36.039 'I am capable of doing so whenever I wish.' 00:02:36.039 --> 00:02:40.539 This procrastination continued with me until the people became intensely earnest in their mobilization, 00:02:40.539 --> 00:02:45.539 and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and the Muslims with him set out in the morning, 00:02:45.539 --> 00:02:48.539 while I had not made any of my preparations. 00:02:48.539 --> 00:02:54.539 I said to myself, 'I will prepare a day or two after his departure and then catch up with them.' 00:02:54.539 --> 00:02:57.539 So I went out the morning after they had departed to prepare, 00:02:57.539 --> 00:03:00.539 but I returned without having accomplished anything. 00:03:00.539 --> 00:03:05.039 Then I went out again the next morning, and returned without having accomplished anything. 00:03:05.039 --> 00:03:09.539 It kept going on like this until they hastened forward and the campaign passed me by. 00:03:09.539 --> 00:03:12.539 I still resolved to set out and overtake them— 00:03:12.539 --> 00:03:14.539 and how I wish I had done so! 00:03:14.539 --> 00:03:16.539 But that was not decreed for me. 00:03:17.039 --> 00:03:22.539 Whenever I walked among the people after the departure of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:03:22.539 --> 00:03:24.539 and moved about among them, 00:03:24.539 --> 00:03:29.539 it grieved me that I saw only a person accused of hypocrisy, 00:03:29.539 --> 00:03:33.539 or someone among the weak whom Allah had excused. 00:03:33.539 --> 00:03:39.039 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) did not mention me until he reached Tabuk. 00:03:39.039 --> 00:03:42.539 While sitting among the people at Tabuk, he said: 00:03:42.539 --> 00:03:44.639 'What has Ka'b done?' 00:03:44.639 --> 00:03:46.639 A man from Banu Salimah said: 00:03:46.639 --> 00:03:51.639 'O Messenger of Allah, his two fine cloaks and admiring his sides have detained him.' 00:03:51.639 --> 00:03:53.639 Mu'adh ibn Jabal said: 00:03:53.639 --> 00:03:55.639 'What a terrible thing you have said! 00:03:55.639 --> 00:03:57.639 By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, 00:03:57.639 --> 00:04:00.639 we know nothing of him but good.' 00:04:00.639 --> 00:04:04.639 So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) remained silent. 00:04:04.639 --> 00:04:06.639 Ka'b ibn Malik said: 00:04:06.639 --> 00:04:10.639 When I heard that he was heading back, 00:04:10.639 --> 00:04:11.639 my distress overcame me, 00:04:12.639 --> 00:04:14.639 and I began to think of false excuses, 00:04:14.639 --> 00:04:18.639 saying, 'How can I escape his displeasure tomorrow?' 00:04:18.639 --> 00:04:22.639 and I sought the advice of every wise person among my family in this matter. 00:04:22.639 --> 00:04:24.639 But when it was said, 00:04:24.639 --> 00:04:29.639 'The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) is about to arrive,' 00:04:29.639 --> 00:04:31.639 all falsehood vanished from my mind, 00:04:31.639 --> 00:04:36.639 and I knew that I could never escape his displeasure through anything containing a lie, 00:04:36.639 --> 00:04:38.639 so I resolved to speak the absolute truth. 00:04:38.639 --> 00:04:42.639 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) arrived in the morning, 00:04:42.639 --> 00:04:45.639 and whenever he returned from a journey, 00:04:45.639 --> 00:04:46.639 —in another narration: 00:04:46.639 --> 00:04:51.639 and he rarely returned from a journey except in the forenoon— 00:04:51.639 --> 00:04:53.639 he would first head to the mosque, 00:04:53.639 --> 00:04:55.639 pray two rak'ahs therein, 00:04:55.639 --> 00:04:57.639 and then sit to receive the people. 00:04:57.639 --> 00:04:59.639 When he had done that, 00:04:59.639 --> 00:05:01.639 those who had stayed behind came to him, 00:05:01.639 --> 00:05:05.639 offering their excuses and swearing oaths to him; 00:05:05.639 --> 00:05:08.639 they were eighty-odd men. 00:05:08.639 --> 00:05:13.639 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) accepted what they openly claimed, 00:05:13.639 --> 00:05:16.639 accepted their pledge of allegiance, asked Allah to forgive them, 00:05:16.639 --> 00:05:19.639 and entrusted their secret motives to Allah. 00:05:19.639 --> 00:05:20.639 Then I came to him. 00:05:20.639 --> 00:05:22.639 When I greeted him with peace, 00:05:22.639 --> 00:05:24.639 he smiled the smile of one who is angry, 00:05:24.639 --> 00:05:26.639 then said: 00:05:26.639 --> 00:05:27.639 'Come forward.' 00:05:27.639 --> 00:05:31.639 So I walked up until I sat down before him, 00:05:31.639 --> 00:05:32.639 and he said to me: 00:05:32.639 --> 00:05:34.639 'What held you back? 00:05:34.639 --> 00:05:36.639 Had you not already purchased your mount?' 00:05:36.639 --> 00:05:38.639 I replied: 'Yes, indeed! 00:05:38.639 --> 00:05:42.639 By Allah, had I been sitting before anyone else of the people of this world, 00:05:42.639 --> 00:05:45.639 I would have thought I could escape his anger by offering an excuse, 00:05:45.639 --> 00:05:48.639 for I have been gifted with skill in argumentation. 00:05:48.639 --> 00:05:50.639 But by Allah, 00:05:50.639 --> 00:05:55.639 I know that if I tell you a lie today to please you, 00:05:55.639 --> 00:05:59.639 Allah will soon make you angry with me; 00:05:59.639 --> 00:06:03.639 and if I tell you the truth, which may make you displeased with me, 00:06:03.639 --> 00:06:06.639 I truly hope for Allah's pardon through it. 00:06:06.639 --> 00:06:07.639 No, by Allah! 00:06:07.639 --> 00:06:09.639 I had no excuse whatsoever. 00:06:09.639 --> 00:06:13.639 By Allah, I was never physically stronger or financially more prosperous 00:06:13.639 --> 00:06:15.639 than when I stayed behind from you.' 00:06:15.639 --> 00:06:19.639 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) then said: 00:06:19.639 --> 00:06:21.639 'As for this man, he has spoken the truth. 00:06:21.639 --> 00:06:25.639 Rise until Allah decides your case.' 00:06:25.639 --> 00:06:26.639 So I stood up, 00:06:26.639 --> 00:06:29.639 and some men from Banu Salimah became agitated, 00:06:29.639 --> 00:06:31.639 following me and saying to me: 00:06:31.639 --> 00:06:33.639 'By Allah, we have never known you 00:06:33.639 --> 00:06:36.639 to have committed a sin before this! 00:06:36.639 --> 00:06:41.639 Were you truly unable to offer an excuse to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:06:41.639 --> 00:06:44.639 like the excuses offered by the others who stayed behind? 00:06:44.639 --> 00:06:51.860 The prayer of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) for your forgiveness would have sufficed for your sin.' 00:06:51.860 --> 00:06:53.860 By Allah, they continued reproaching me 00:06:53.860 --> 00:06:57.860 until I almost resolved to return and retract my truthfulness. 00:06:57.860 --> 00:06:59.860 Then I asked them: 00:06:59.860 --> 00:07:01.860 'Did anyone else face this along with me?' 00:07:01.860 --> 00:07:03.860 They said: 'Yes, 00:07:03.860 --> 00:07:06.860 two men said the same as you said, 00:07:06.860 --> 00:07:09.860 and the same was said to them as was said to you.' 00:07:09.860 --> 00:07:11.860 I asked: 'Who are they?' 00:07:11.860 --> 00:07:15.860 They said: 'Murarah ibn al-Rabi' al-'Amiri 00:07:15.860 --> 00:07:18.860 and Hilal ibn Umayyah al-Waqifi.' 00:07:18.860 --> 00:07:20.860 They had mentioned to me two righteous men 00:07:20.860 --> 00:07:24.860 who had both participated in Badr and in whom there was a model to follow. 00:07:24.860 --> 00:07:27.860 So I went on my way once they mentioned them to me. 00:07:27.860 --> 00:07:30.860 Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) prohibited 00:07:30.860 --> 00:07:33.860 the Muslims from speaking to the three of us 00:07:33.860 --> 00:07:35.860 from among those who had stayed behind. 00:07:35.860 --> 00:07:37.860 So the people avoided us 00:07:37.860 --> 00:07:39.860 and changed their attitude toward us, 00:07:39.860 --> 00:07:41.860 until the very earth felt alien to me, 00:07:41.860 --> 00:07:43.860 no longer being the land I once knew. 00:07:43.860 --> 00:07:47.860 We remained in that state for fifty nights. 00:07:47.860 --> 00:07:49.860 As for my two companions, 00:07:49.860 --> 00:07:53.860 they surrendered to grief and remained in their homes weeping. 00:07:53.860 --> 00:07:54.860 But as for me, 00:07:54.860 --> 00:07:57.860 I was the youngest and most resilient of the men; 00:07:57.860 --> 00:08:01.860 so I would go out, attend the prayer with the Muslims, 00:08:01.860 --> 00:08:03.860 and walk through the marketplaces, 00:08:03.860 --> 00:08:05.860 yet no one would speak to me. 00:08:05.860 --> 00:08:08.860 I would come to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:08:08.860 --> 00:08:12.860 and greet him with peace while he was sitting in his gathering after the prayer, 00:08:12.860 --> 00:08:14.860 and I would say to myself: 00:08:14.860 --> 00:08:18.860 'Did he move his lips to return my greeting of peace or not?' 00:08:18.860 --> 00:08:21.899 Then I would pray close to him, 00:08:21.899 --> 00:08:23.899 glancing at him stealthily; 00:08:23.899 --> 00:08:27.899 when I focused on my prayer, he would look toward me, 00:08:27.899 --> 00:08:30.899 but when I turned toward him, he would turn away from me. 00:08:30.899 --> 00:08:34.899 When this harsh treatment from the people dragged on too long for me— 00:08:34.899 --> 00:08:36.899 —in another narration: 00:08:36.899 --> 00:08:38.899 and nothing was more distressing to me 00:08:38.899 --> 00:08:43.899 than that I might die and the Prophet (peace be upon him) would not perform the funeral prayer over me, 00:08:43.899 --> 00:08:47.899 or that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) might pass away 00:08:47.899 --> 00:08:50.899 while I remained in that state among the people, 00:08:50.899 --> 00:08:53.899 with none of them speaking to me, 00:08:53.899 --> 00:08:56.899 nor offering prayers or greetings of peace upon me— 00:08:56.899 --> 00:09:02.090 I walked until I climbed over the wall of the orchard of Abu Qatadah, 00:09:02.090 --> 00:09:05.090 who was my cousin and the dearest of people to me. 00:09:05.090 --> 00:09:07.090 I greeted him with peace, 00:09:07.090 --> 00:09:10.090 but by Allah, he did not return my greeting. 00:09:10.090 --> 00:09:13.090 I said: 'O Abu Qatadah, 00:09:13.090 --> 00:09:15.090 I adjure you by Allah, 00:09:15.090 --> 00:09:18.090 do you not know that I love Allah and His Messenger?' 00:09:18.090 --> 00:09:19.090 He remained silent. 00:09:19.090 --> 00:09:21.090 So I returned to him and adjured him again, 00:09:21.090 --> 00:09:22.090 but he remained silent. 00:09:22.090 --> 00:09:25.120 Then I returned and adjured him once more, 00:09:25.120 --> 00:09:26.120 whereupon he said: 00:09:26.120 --> 00:09:29.120 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' 00:09:29.120 --> 00:09:31.120 At that, my eyes overflowed with tears, 00:09:31.120 --> 00:09:35.120 and I turned away and climbed back over the wall. 00:09:35.120 --> 00:09:36.120 He said: 00:09:36.120 --> 00:09:39.120 While I was walking through the marketplace of Medina, 00:09:39.120 --> 00:09:42.120 behold, a Nabataean Christian farmer from the Levant, 00:09:42.120 --> 00:09:46.120 among those who had brought grain to sell in Medina, 00:09:46.120 --> 00:09:47.120 was saying: 00:09:47.120 --> 00:09:50.120 'Who can direct me to Ka'b ibn Malik?' 00:09:50.120 --> 00:09:53.120 People began pointing toward me, 00:09:53.120 --> 00:09:55.120 until he came to me 00:09:55.120 --> 00:09:58.120 and delivered a letter to me from the King of Ghassan. 00:09:58.120 --> 00:10:01.120 It read: 'To proceed: 00:10:01.120 --> 00:10:05.120 It has reached me that your companion has treated you harshly, 00:10:05.120 --> 00:10:09.120 and Allah has not placed you in an abode of humiliation or neglect. 00:10:09.120 --> 00:10:11.120 So join us, and we will console and honor you.' 00:10:11.120 --> 00:10:14.120 When I read it, I said: 00:10:14.120 --> 00:10:16.120 Ka'b said, "This, too, was part of the trial." 00:10:16.120 --> 00:10:20.120 "So I went to the clay oven and fueled it with the letter." 00:10:20.120 --> 00:10:24.220 "When forty nights out of the fifty had passed," 00:10:24.220 --> 00:10:28.220 "Suddenly, the messenger of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)" 00:10:28.220 --> 00:10:30.220 "Came to me and said," 00:10:30.220 --> 00:10:33.220 "'The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)" 00:10:33.220 --> 00:10:36.220 "Commands you to separate from your wife.'" 00:10:36.220 --> 00:10:37.220 "I said," 00:10:37.220 --> 00:10:40.220 "'Should I divorce her, or what should I do?'" 00:10:40.220 --> 00:10:41.220 "He replied, 'No,'" 00:10:41.220 --> 00:10:44.220 "'Rather, separate from her and do not go near her.'" 00:10:44.220 --> 00:10:47.220 "And he sent a similar message to my two companions." 00:10:47.220 --> 00:10:49.220 "So I said to my wife," 00:10:49.220 --> 00:10:51.220 "'Go to your family'" 00:10:51.220 --> 00:10:56.220 "'And stay with them until Allah decrees a judgment in this matter.'" 00:10:56.220 --> 00:10:57.250 Ka'b said: 00:10:57.250 --> 00:11:02.250 "Then the wife of Hilal ibn Umayyah came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)" 00:11:02.250 --> 00:11:05.250 "And said, 'O Messenger of Allah,'" 00:11:05.250 --> 00:11:08.250 "'Hilal ibn Umayyah is an old, helpless man'" 00:11:08.250 --> 00:11:10.250 "'Who has no servant.'" 00:11:10.250 --> 00:11:12.250 "'Would you dislike it if I served him?'" 00:11:13.250 --> 00:11:14.250 "He said, 'No,'" 00:11:14.250 --> 00:11:16.250 "'However, he must not come near you.'" 00:11:16.250 --> 00:11:17.250 "She said," 00:11:17.250 --> 00:11:21.250 "'By Allah, he has no desire for anything!'" 00:11:21.250 --> 00:11:27.250 "'By Allah, he has not stopped weeping from the time this happened to him until this day of his.'" 00:11:27.250 --> 00:11:29.279 "Some of my family said to me," 00:11:29.279 --> 00:11:34.279 "'Why do you not ask permission from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) regarding your wife,'" 00:11:34.279 --> 00:11:38.279 "'Just as he permitted the wife of Hilal ibn Umayyah to serve him?'" 00:11:38.279 --> 00:11:39.279 "I said," 00:11:39.279 --> 00:11:44.279 "'By Allah, I will not ask the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) for permission regarding her!'" 00:11:44.279 --> 00:11:49.279 "'How do I know what the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) would say'" 00:11:49.279 --> 00:11:53.279 "'If I asked his permission regarding her while I am a young man?'" 00:11:53.279 --> 00:11:56.539 "So I remained in that state for ten nights," 00:11:56.539 --> 00:12:03.539 "Until fifty nights were completed for us from the time the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) forbade" 00:12:03.539 --> 00:12:04.539 "Speaking to us." 00:12:04.539 --> 00:12:06.539 In another narration: 00:12:06.539 --> 00:12:11.539 "Allah sent down our repentance to His Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)" 00:12:11.539 --> 00:12:14.539 "When the last third of the night remained," 00:12:14.539 --> 00:12:19.539 "While the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was in the home of Umm Salamah." 00:12:19.539 --> 00:12:24.539 "Umm Salamah was well-disposed toward me and concerned about my matter." 00:12:24.539 --> 00:12:28.539 "So the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said," 00:12:28.539 --> 00:12:32.539 "'O Umm Salamah, Ka'b has been forgiven.'" 00:12:32.539 --> 00:12:36.539 "She said, 'Shall I not send for him to give him the glad tidings?'" 00:12:36.539 --> 00:12:42.539 "He said, 'Then the people would crush you and prevent you from sleeping the rest of the night.'" 00:12:42.539 --> 00:12:47.759 "When I prayed the Fajr prayer on the morning of the fiftieth night," 00:12:47.759 --> 00:12:50.759 "While I was on the roof of one of our houses," 00:12:50.759 --> 00:12:54.759 "As I was sitting in the condition that Allah described—" 00:12:54.759 --> 00:12:59.759 "My own soul was constrained for me, and the earth, vast as it is, felt straitened for me—" 00:12:59.759 --> 00:13:04.759 "I heard the voice of someone calling out, who had climbed to the top of Mount Sal' shouting at the top of his voice:" 00:13:04.759 --> 00:13:08.759 "'O Ka'b ibn Malik, rejoice!'" 00:13:08.759 --> 00:13:13.889 "He said, 'So I fell down in prostration, knowing that relief had come.'" 00:13:13.889 --> 00:13:17.889 "And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had announced" 00:13:17.889 --> 00:13:21.889 "Allah's acceptance of our repentance after he prayed the Fajr prayer." 00:13:21.889 --> 00:13:24.889 "So the people set out to give us the glad tidings," 00:13:24.889 --> 00:13:27.889 "And glad tidings-bringers went out toward my two companions." 00:13:27.889 --> 00:13:32.889 "A man urged his horse toward me, while a runner from the tribe of Aslam sprinted on foot" 00:13:32.889 --> 00:13:37.889 "And climbed up the mountain, and the voice was faster than the horse." 00:13:37.889 --> 00:13:41.889 "When the person whose voice I had heard giving me the glad tidings came to me," 00:13:41.889 --> 00:13:46.889 "I took off my two garments and clothed him with them as a reward for his glad tidings." 00:13:46.889 --> 00:13:49.889 "By Allah, I owned no other clothes than those two on that day." 00:13:49.889 --> 00:13:52.889 "So I borrowed two garments and put them on," 00:13:52.889 --> 00:13:56.889 "And I set out to see the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)." 00:13:56.889 --> 00:14:01.889 "People met me group by group, congratulating me on the repentance," 00:14:01.889 --> 00:14:06.889 "Saying, 'May Allah's acceptance of your repentance bring you joy!'" 00:14:06.889 --> 00:14:10.919 Ka'b said, "Until I entered the mosque," 00:14:10.919 --> 00:14:13.919 "And there was the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)" 00:14:13.919 --> 00:14:15.919 "Sitting with the people gathered around him." 00:14:15.919 --> 00:14:21.919 "Then Talhah ibn 'Ubaydullah stood up and ran toward me, shook my hand, and congratulated me." 00:14:21.919 --> 00:14:25.919 "By Allah, no man from among the Emigrants (Muhajirun) stood up for me" 00:14:25.919 --> 00:14:28.919 "Other than him, and Ka'b would never forget this gesture of Talhah." 00:14:28.919 --> 00:14:35.019 Ka'b said, "When I greeted the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)," 00:14:35.019 --> 00:14:38.019 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said," 00:14:38.019 --> 00:14:41.019 "While his face was beaming with joy:" 00:14:41.019 --> 00:14:46.019 "'Rejoice in the best day that has passed over you since your mother gave birth to you!'" 00:14:46.019 --> 00:14:52.019 "He said, I asked, 'Is it from you, O Messenger of Allah, or from Allah?'" 00:14:53.019 --> 00:14:57.019 "He said, 'No, rather it is from Allah.'" 00:14:57.019 --> 00:15:00.019 "Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)" 00:15:00.019 --> 00:15:06.019 "Was pleased, his face would illuminate until it seemed like a piece of the moon," 00:15:06.019 --> 00:15:09.049 "And we used to recognize that in him." 00:15:09.049 --> 00:15:11.049 "When I sat down before him," 00:15:11.049 --> 00:15:13.049 "I said, 'O Messenger of Allah,'" 00:15:13.049 --> 00:15:19.049 "'As part of my repentance, I shall renounce my wealth as charity for the sake of Allah and His Messenger.'" 00:15:19.049 --> 00:15:23.139 "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said," 00:15:23.139 --> 00:15:27.139 "'Keep some of your wealth for yourself; that is better for you.'" 00:15:27.139 --> 00:15:31.139 "I said, 'Then I shall keep my share that is in Khaybar.'" 00:15:31.139 --> 00:15:34.179 "And I said, 'O Messenger of Allah,'" 00:15:34.179 --> 00:15:37.179 "'Allah delivered me only because of my truthfulness,'" 00:15:37.179 --> 00:15:43.179 "'And part of my repentance is that I will speak nothing but the truth for as long as I live.'" 00:15:43.179 --> 00:15:48.179 "By Allah, I know of no one among the Muslims whom Allah has tested in truthful speech," 00:15:48.179 --> 00:15:55.179 "Since I mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), better than how He tested me." 00:15:55.179 --> 00:16:03.179 "By Allah, I have never intentionally told a lie from the time I mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) until this day of mine," 00:16:03.179 --> 00:16:07.179 "And I hope that Allah will preserve me for the remainder of my life." 00:16:07.179 --> 00:16:12.179 "And Allah revealed to His Messenger (peace be upon him):" 00:16:12.179 --> 00:16:19.179 “Allah hath turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the Muhajirin and the Ansar who followed him in the hour of hardship. After the hearts of a party of them had almost swerved aside, then turned He unto them in mercy. Lo! He is Full of Pity, Merciful for them.” (9:117) 00:16:19.179 --> 00:16:22.179 ﴾And be with the truthful.﴿ 00:16:22.179 --> 00:16:25.179 "By Allah, Allah has never bestowed a favor upon me," 00:16:25.179 --> 00:16:28.179 "After guiding me to Islam," 00:16:28.179 --> 00:16:33.179 "Greater in my sight than my having been truthful to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)," 00:16:33.179 --> 00:16:39.179 "Lest I lie to him and perish as those who lied perished." 00:16:39.179 --> 00:16:45.179 "For Allah said regarding those who lied when the revelation came down the worst of what He ever said about anyone," 00:16:45.179 --> 00:16:48.179 "For He (Blessed and Exalted is He) said:" 00:16:48.179 --> 00:16:53.179 ﴾They will swear by Allah to you when you return to them...﴿ 00:16:53.179 --> 00:16:58.179 “They swear unto you, that ye may accept them. Though ye accept them. Allah verily accepteth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:96) 00:16:58.179 --> 00:17:00.210 Ka'b said: 00:17:00.210 --> 00:17:08.210 "And we three were left behind from the affair of those whose excuses the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) accepted" 00:17:08.210 --> 00:17:12.210 "When they swore to him, so he accepted their allegiance and asked forgiveness for them." 00:17:12.210 --> 00:17:18.210 "And the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) deferred our matter until Allah passed judgment on it." 00:17:18.210 --> 00:17:20.210 "Regarding that, Allah said:" 00:17:20.210 --> 00:17:23.210 “And to the three also (did He turn in mercy) who were left behind, when the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for them, and their own souls were straitened for them till they bethought them that there is no refuge from Allah save toward Him. Then turned He unto them in mercy that they (too) might turn (repentant unto Him). Lo! Allah! He is the Relenting, the Merciful.” (9:118) 00:17:23.210 --> 00:17:28.210 "And what Allah mentioned regarding our being left behind does not refer to our staying behind from the battle;" 00:17:28.210 --> 00:17:32.210 "Rather, it refers to His leaving us behind and deferring our matter" 00:17:32.210 --> 00:17:36.210 "Apart from the one who swore to him and offered excuses, which he accepted from him." 00:17:36.210 --> 00:17:40.039 Commentary on the hadith: 00:17:40.039 --> 00:17:42.740 "He lagged behind in the story of Tabuk," 00:17:42.740 --> 00:17:45.740 Meaning he delayed and did not go out in it. 00:17:45.740 --> 00:17:47.740 "And He did not reproach anyone," 00:17:47.740 --> 00:17:50.740 Meaning Allah did not reproach anyone. 00:17:50.740 --> 00:17:52.740 He means the caravan of the Quraysh. 00:17:52.740 --> 00:17:57.740 The caravan (*'eer*) refers to camels carrying food and provisions. 00:17:57.740 --> 00:17:59.779 "Without a prior appointment," 00:17:59.779 --> 00:18:01.779 Meaning without a prior agreement. 00:18:01.779 --> 00:18:02.779 "I witnessed," 00:18:02.779 --> 00:18:04.779 Meaning I attended. 00:18:04.779 --> 00:18:05.779 "The Night of 'Aqabah," 00:18:05.779 --> 00:18:13.779 It is the night in which the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) received the allegiance of the Ansar to Islam, shelter, and support, 00:18:13.779 --> 00:18:15.779 And that was before the Hijrah. 00:18:15.779 --> 00:18:18.779 "When we made a solemn pledge upon Islam," 00:18:18.779 --> 00:18:21.779 Meaning we made a covenant and contract. 00:18:21.779 --> 00:18:23.779 "More frequently mentioned among the people than it," 00:18:23.779 --> 00:18:26.779 Meaning more widely spoken of among the people. 00:18:26.779 --> 00:18:28.779 "Such was my account," 00:18:28.779 --> 00:18:30.779 Meaning my story. 00:18:30.779 --> 00:18:32.779 "That I had never been stronger," 00:18:32.779 --> 00:18:34.779 Meaning physically. 00:18:34.779 --> 00:18:36.779 "Nor possessed more ease," 00:18:36.779 --> 00:18:37.779 Meaning in terms of wealth. 00:18:37.779 --> 00:18:39.779 "That expedition," 00:18:39.779 --> 00:18:41.779 Meaning the Battle of Tabuk. 00:18:41.779 --> 00:18:43.779 "He practiced double entendre (*warra*)," 00:18:43.779 --> 00:18:44.779 Double entendre (*tawriyah*) 00:18:44.779 --> 00:18:47.779 Is mentioning an expression that carries two meanings, 00:18:47.779 --> 00:18:50.779 One of which is closer and more apparent than the other, 00:18:50.779 --> 00:18:54.779 Giving the impression of intending the obvious meaning while intending the distant one. 00:18:54.779 --> 00:18:56.779 "A vast wasteland (*mafaz*)," 00:18:56.779 --> 00:18:58.779 Meaning a desolate desert and wilderness. 00:18:58.779 --> 00:18:59.779 "So he made clear (*jalla*)," 00:18:59.779 --> 00:19:01.779 Meaning he disclosed and made manifest. 00:19:01.779 --> 00:19:02.779 "Preparation (*uhbah*)," 00:19:02.779 --> 00:19:05.779 Meaning preparing what they needed. 00:19:05.779 --> 00:19:06.779 "Toward a direction (*wajh*)," 00:19:06.779 --> 00:19:08.809 Meaning toward his intended destination. 00:19:08.809 --> 00:19:11.809 "And no registered record gathered them," 00:19:11.809 --> 00:19:14.809 He means the military ledger that records names. 00:19:14.809 --> 00:19:15.809 "Absents himself," 00:19:15.809 --> 00:19:18.900 Meaning stays behind from the battle. 00:19:18.900 --> 00:19:20.900 "Thought it would remain hidden," 00:19:20.900 --> 00:19:24.900 Meaning he believed that no one would notice his absence. 00:19:24.900 --> 00:19:25.900 "So I began (*tafiqtu*)," 00:19:25.900 --> 00:19:27.900 Meaning I started and commenced. 00:19:27.900 --> 00:19:29.970 "And I accomplished nothing," 00:19:29.970 --> 00:19:32.970 Meaning I did nothing and made no preparations. 00:19:32.970 --> 00:19:34.970 "Kept dragging on with me," 00:19:34.970 --> 00:19:36.970 Meaning procrastination. 00:19:36.970 --> 00:19:37.970 "Seriousness (*al-jidd*)," 00:19:37.970 --> 00:19:40.970 It is exertion of effort in a matter and going to extreme lengths in it. 00:19:40.970 --> 00:19:42.970 "My preparations," 00:19:42.970 --> 00:19:45.970 Meaning my preparation to depart for the battle. 00:19:45.970 --> 00:19:46.970 "So they departed (*fasalu*)," 00:19:46.970 --> 00:19:50.970 Meaning they left Medina and embarked on their journey. 00:19:50.970 --> 00:19:52.970 "The battle had slipped away (*tafarata*)," 00:19:52.970 --> 00:19:54.970 Meaning it had passed and gone ahead. 00:19:54.970 --> 00:19:55.970 And the intended meaning 00:19:55.970 --> 00:19:58.970 Is that it grew distant, and I despaired of catching up. 00:19:58.970 --> 00:19:59.970 "I resolved (*hamamtu*)," 00:19:59.970 --> 00:20:01.970 Meaning I intended firmly. 00:20:01.970 --> 00:20:02.970 "To overtake them," 00:20:02.970 --> 00:20:04.970 Meaning to catch up with them. 00:20:04.970 --> 00:20:06.970 "So I walked among them," 00:20:06.970 --> 00:20:10.970 Meaning I walked and passed among those who remained in Medina. 00:20:10.970 --> 00:20:12.970 "Accused of hypocrisy (*maghmoosan 'alayhi al-nifaq*)," 00:20:12.970 --> 00:20:18.099 Meaning impugned in his religion and suspected of hypocrisy. 00:20:18.099 --> 00:20:19.099 "A man," 00:20:19.099 --> 00:20:22.099 It was said that he was 'Abdullah ibn Unays. 00:20:22.099 --> 00:20:23.099 "Detained," 00:20:23.099 --> 00:20:24.099 Meaning prevented. 00:20:24.099 --> 00:20:26.099 "And looking at his sides," 00:20:26.099 --> 00:20:28.099 Meaning looking at himself. 00:20:28.099 --> 00:20:32.099 This indicates his self-admiration and pride in his attire. 00:20:32.099 --> 00:20:33.099 And it was said 00:20:33.099 --> 00:20:37.130 That this alluded to his beauty and elegance. 00:20:37.130 --> 00:20:38.130 "Returning (*qafilan*)," 00:20:38.130 --> 00:20:39.130 Meaning coming back. 00:20:39.130 --> 00:20:41.130 "My distress overtook me," 00:20:41.130 --> 00:20:44.130 Meaning worry seized me and gripped me. 00:20:44.130 --> 00:20:45.130 "From his displeasure," 00:20:45.130 --> 00:20:47.130 Meaning from his anger. 00:20:47.130 --> 00:20:49.130 "His arrival was imminent," 00:20:49.130 --> 00:20:52.130 Meaning his return to Medina drew near. 00:20:52.130 --> 00:20:53.130 "Departed (*zahaq*)," 00:20:53.130 --> 00:20:55.130 Meaning vanished. 00:20:55.130 --> 00:20:56.130 "Falsehood," 00:20:56.130 --> 00:20:58.130 meaning the intent to lie. 00:20:58.130 --> 00:20:59.130 "Then he would pray two rak'ahs," 00:20:59.130 --> 00:21:01.130 meaning he would perform the prayer. 00:21:01.130 --> 00:21:03.130 "And when he had done that," 00:21:03.130 --> 00:21:07.130 meaning after he prayed two rak'ahs, he sat in the mosque. 00:21:07.130 --> 00:21:09.130 "Those who stayed behind," 00:21:09.130 --> 00:21:12.130 meaning those who had remained behind from the expedition. 00:21:12.130 --> 00:21:13.130 "So they began," 00:21:13.130 --> 00:21:15.130 meaning they started. 00:21:15.130 --> 00:21:17.130 "Offering excuses to him," 00:21:17.130 --> 00:21:21.130 meaning mentioning their reasons for staying behind from the expedition, 00:21:21.130 --> 00:21:22.130 "And swearing oaths to him," 00:21:22.130 --> 00:21:25.130 meaning confirming their excuses with an oath. 00:21:25.130 --> 00:21:26.130 "A few over," 00:21:26.130 --> 00:21:28.130 the word *bid'* in counting 00:21:28.130 --> 00:21:31.130 refers to any number between three and nine. 00:21:31.130 --> 00:21:32.130 "Their outward deeds," 00:21:32.130 --> 00:21:34.130 meaning what was apparent from them. 00:21:34.130 --> 00:21:35.130 "Their inner secrets," 00:21:35.130 --> 00:21:38.130 meaning what they concealed internally. 00:21:38.130 --> 00:21:39.130 "You had bought your mount," 00:21:39.130 --> 00:21:42.130 meaning you had purchased your riding camel. 00:21:42.130 --> 00:21:44.130 "And I have indeed been given the power of argumentation," 00:21:44.130 --> 00:21:47.130 meaning eloquence and persuasive speech, 00:21:47.130 --> 00:21:50.130 "Such that I could exonerate myself from what is attributed to me" 00:21:50.130 --> 00:21:52.130 with an excuse that would be accepted and not rejected. 00:21:52.130 --> 00:21:54.130 "Allah would surely soon," 00:21:54.130 --> 00:21:58.130 meaning Allah will soon make you displeased with me. 00:21:58.130 --> 00:21:59.130 "You might feel displeased," 00:21:59.130 --> 00:22:00.130 meaning you might become angry. 00:22:00.130 --> 00:22:03.130 "I truly hope for Allah's pardon in it," 00:22:03.130 --> 00:22:07.130 meaning that the final outcome will be pardon and forgiveness. 00:22:07.130 --> 00:22:08.130 Meaning: go, 00:22:08.130 --> 00:22:09.130 meaning: stand up and leave, 00:22:09.130 --> 00:22:12.130 "Until Allah decides concerning you," 00:22:12.130 --> 00:22:15.130 meaning until Allah sends down His judgment concerning you. 00:22:15.130 --> 00:22:17.130 "And some men sprang up," 00:22:17.130 --> 00:22:18.130 meaning they leapt up 00:22:18.130 --> 00:22:20.130 "And followed after me," 00:22:20.130 --> 00:22:22.130 meaning they caught up with me. 00:22:22.130 --> 00:22:23.130 "You failed," 00:22:23.130 --> 00:22:25.130 meaning you were unable. 00:22:25.130 --> 00:22:26.130 "They rebuked me;" 00:22:26.130 --> 00:22:29.130 *al-Ta'nib* means severe censure and blame. 00:22:29.130 --> 00:22:31.130 "I intended," 00:22:31.130 --> 00:22:32.130 meaning I resolved. 00:22:32.130 --> 00:22:35.130 "Did anyone else meet this same fate with me?" 00:22:35.130 --> 00:22:37.130 meaning: did anyone encounter what I encountered, 00:22:37.130 --> 00:22:38.130 "An example," 00:22:38.130 --> 00:22:39.130 meaning a role model. 00:22:39.130 --> 00:22:41.130 "So I continued," 00:22:41.130 --> 00:22:42.130 the meaning is: 00:22:42.130 --> 00:22:44.130 I persevered in truthfulness 00:22:44.130 --> 00:22:46.130 and did not contradict myself with lies, 00:22:46.130 --> 00:22:49.130 and I began waiting for the judgment of Allah Almighty. 00:22:49.130 --> 00:22:51.259 "So the people avoided us," 00:22:51.259 --> 00:22:53.259 meaning they boycotted us. 00:22:53.259 --> 00:22:54.259 "It became estranged," 00:22:54.259 --> 00:22:56.259 meaning it changed, 00:22:56.259 --> 00:22:58.259 "So it was no longer the one I knew," 00:22:58.259 --> 00:23:01.259 meaning everything changed around me, 00:23:01.259 --> 00:23:02.259 even the earth itself, 00:23:02.259 --> 00:23:04.259 for it felt alien and desolate, 00:23:04.259 --> 00:23:08.259 becoming as if it were a land I had never known. 00:23:08.259 --> 00:23:10.259 "So we remained in that state," 00:23:10.259 --> 00:23:13.259 meaning we continued in this condition. 00:23:13.259 --> 00:23:14.259 "My two companions," 00:23:14.259 --> 00:23:18.259 they were Murarah and Hilal, may Allah be pleased with them. 00:23:18.259 --> 00:23:20.259 "So they surrendered," 00:23:20.259 --> 00:23:23.259 meaning they submitted and stayed quietly at home due to their weakness. 00:23:23.259 --> 00:23:25.259 "The youngest of the people," 00:23:25.259 --> 00:23:27.259 meaning the youngest of them in age, 00:23:27.259 --> 00:23:29.259 "And the most robust of them," 00:23:29.259 --> 00:23:31.259 meaning the strongest and most resilient of them. 00:23:31.259 --> 00:23:33.259 "So I would attend the prayer," 00:23:33.259 --> 00:23:35.259 meaning I would attend the congregational prayer, 00:23:35.259 --> 00:23:37.259 "And I would walk around," 00:23:37.259 --> 00:23:38.259 meaning I would roam about. 00:23:38.259 --> 00:23:40.259 "So I would steal glances at him," 00:23:40.259 --> 00:23:43.259 meaning I would look at him secretly. 00:23:43.259 --> 00:23:44.259 "He turned toward me," 00:23:44.259 --> 00:23:46.259 meaning he looked at me. 00:23:46.259 --> 00:23:48.259 "He turned away from me," 00:23:48.259 --> 00:23:50.259 meaning he averted his gaze from me. 00:23:50.259 --> 00:23:52.259 "Because of the people's harshness," 00:23:52.259 --> 00:23:55.259 meaning because of their estrangement and turning away. 00:23:55.259 --> 00:23:57.259 "I climbed over the wall," 00:23:57.259 --> 00:23:59.259 meaning I scaled the wall 00:23:59.259 --> 00:24:00.259 "Of an orchard," 00:24:00.259 --> 00:24:01.259 meaning a garden, 00:24:01.259 --> 00:24:03.259 "Belonging to Abu Qatadah," 00:24:03.259 --> 00:24:07.259 whose name was Al-Harith ibn Rib'i, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:24:07.259 --> 00:24:09.259 He did not return my greeting of peace 00:24:09.259 --> 00:24:12.259 because of the general prohibition against speaking to them. 00:24:12.259 --> 00:24:14.259 "I beseech you by Allah," 00:24:14.259 --> 00:24:16.289 meaning I ask you by Allah. 00:24:16.289 --> 00:24:18.289 "My eyes overflowed with tears," 00:24:18.289 --> 00:24:20.289 meaning I wept. 00:24:20.289 --> 00:24:21.289 "I turned away," 00:24:21.289 --> 00:24:22.289 meaning I left. 00:24:22.289 --> 00:24:24.289 "A Nabataean," 00:24:24.289 --> 00:24:25.289 meaning a peasant farmer, 00:24:25.289 --> 00:24:29.289 for the Nabataeans at that time were agricultural folk, 00:24:29.289 --> 00:24:33.349 and this Nabataean was a Christian from the Levant. 00:24:33.349 --> 00:24:34.349 "So he began," 00:24:34.349 --> 00:24:36.349 meaning he started. 00:24:36.349 --> 00:24:38.349 "He handed me a letter," 00:24:38.349 --> 00:24:40.349 meaning he gave me a message 00:24:40.349 --> 00:24:42.349 "From the king of Ghassan," 00:24:42.349 --> 00:24:45.349 one of the kings of Yemeni origin who had settled in the Levant. 00:24:45.349 --> 00:24:46.349 It is said 00:24:46.349 --> 00:24:48.349 that his name was Jabalah ibn al-Ayham, 00:24:48.349 --> 00:24:50.349 while others hold a different view. 00:24:50.349 --> 00:24:51.349 "Has treated you harshly," 00:24:51.349 --> 00:24:53.349 meaning he has boycotted you. 00:24:53.349 --> 00:24:54.349 "A place of humiliation," 00:24:54.349 --> 00:24:56.349 meaning degradation and abasement, 00:24:56.349 --> 00:24:58.349 "Nor a place where your rights are lost," 00:24:58.349 --> 00:25:00.349 meaning where your due right would be squandered. 00:25:00.349 --> 00:25:01.349 "We will console you," 00:25:01.349 --> 00:25:03.349 meaning we will relieve you. 00:25:03.349 --> 00:25:05.349 "So I went toward," 00:25:05.349 --> 00:25:07.349 meaning I headed for. 00:25:07.349 --> 00:25:09.349 "So I ignited it therein," 00:25:09.349 --> 00:25:12.420 meaning I stoked the fire with the scroll. 00:25:12.420 --> 00:25:16.420 "The messenger of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him," 00:25:16.420 --> 00:25:20.420 it is said that he was Khuzaymah ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:25:20.420 --> 00:25:21.420 "Your wife," 00:25:21.420 --> 00:25:27.420 her name was 'Umayrah bint Jubayr al-Ansariyyah, may Allah be pleased with her. 00:25:27.420 --> 00:25:29.420 "Go to your family," 00:25:29.420 --> 00:25:33.420 meaning go to your relatives and stay with them 00:25:33.420 --> 00:25:36.420 "Until Allah decides concerning this matter," 00:25:36.420 --> 00:25:40.420 meaning until the ruling of Allah Almighty descends regarding us. 00:25:41.420 --> 00:25:45.420 She was Khawlah bint 'Asim, may Allah be pleased with her. 00:25:45.420 --> 00:25:47.420 "A helpless old man," 00:25:47.420 --> 00:25:51.420 meaning incapable of managing his own affairs due to old age. 00:25:51.420 --> 00:25:53.420 "However, he must not approach you," 00:25:53.420 --> 00:25:57.450 which is a euphemism for sexual intercourse and its foreplay. 00:25:57.450 --> 00:25:59.450 "Since what happened to him began," 00:25:59.450 --> 00:26:02.509 meaning since the rejection of his excuse occurred. 00:26:02.509 --> 00:26:04.509 "So some of my family said to me," 00:26:04.509 --> 00:26:05.509 it is said 00:26:05.509 --> 00:26:07.509 that this was perhaps from among the women, 00:26:07.509 --> 00:26:12.509 since the prohibition did not apply to speaking with the women inside their homes. 00:26:12.509 --> 00:26:13.509 It is also said 00:26:13.509 --> 00:26:16.509 that the one who spoke to him was a hypocrite, 00:26:16.509 --> 00:26:18.509 and other opinions have been stated as well. 00:26:18.509 --> 00:26:19.509 "If only you were to ask permission," 00:26:19.509 --> 00:26:20.509 the meaning is: 00:26:20.509 --> 00:26:23.509 if only you would request an exemption in that regard. 00:26:23.509 --> 00:26:24.509 "So I remained," 00:26:24.509 --> 00:26:26.509 meaning I stayed. 00:26:26.509 --> 00:26:27.509 "Were completed," 00:26:27.509 --> 00:26:29.509 meaning reached full count. 00:26:29.509 --> 00:26:31.509 "In the state that Allah mentioned," 00:26:31.509 --> 00:26:33.509 meaning His words, Exalted is He: 00:26:33.509 --> 00:26:42.509 “And to the three also (did He turn in mercy) who were left behind, when the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for them, and their own souls were straitened for them till they bethought them that there is no refuge from Allah save toward Him. Then turned He unto them in mercy that they (too) might turn (repentant unto Him). Lo! Allah! He is the Relenting, the Merciful.” (9:118) 00:26:42.509 --> 00:26:45.539 "And the earth, vast as it was, became straitened for me," 00:26:45.539 --> 00:26:47.539 meaning despite its spaciousness. 00:26:47.539 --> 00:26:49.539 "The voice of a crier," 00:26:49.539 --> 00:26:52.539 it is said he was Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:26:52.539 --> 00:26:54.539 "He mounted upon," 00:26:54.539 --> 00:26:56.539 meaning he ascended and overlooked from 00:26:56.539 --> 00:26:58.539 "Mount Sal'," 00:26:58.539 --> 00:27:01.539 which is a small mountain by the marketplace of Medina. 00:27:01.539 --> 00:27:03.579 "So I fell down prostrating," 00:27:03.579 --> 00:27:06.579 meaning I cast myself upon the ground in prostration, 00:27:06.579 --> 00:27:07.579 and what is meant is 00:27:07.579 --> 00:27:10.579 hastening to prostrate in gratitude. 00:27:10.579 --> 00:27:11.579 "I realized," 00:27:11.579 --> 00:27:13.579 meaning I knew. 00:27:13.579 --> 00:27:14.579 "He announced," 00:27:14.579 --> 00:27:15.579 meaning he informed. 00:27:15.579 --> 00:27:17.579 "So the people set out," 00:27:17.579 --> 00:27:19.579 meaning the people started to go 00:27:19.579 --> 00:27:20.579 "Toward my two companions," 00:27:20.579 --> 00:27:22.579 meaning in the direction of my two companions, 00:27:22.579 --> 00:27:24.579 "Bearers of glad tidings;" 00:27:24.579 --> 00:27:26.579 it is said they were Sa'id ibn Zayd 00:27:26.579 --> 00:27:28.579 and Salamah ibn Salamah: 00:27:28.579 --> 00:27:30.579 the first gave glad tidings to Hilal, 00:27:30.579 --> 00:27:32.579 and the second gave glad tidings to Murarah. 00:27:32.579 --> 00:27:35.579 "A man galloped a horse toward me," 00:27:35.579 --> 00:27:38.579 he was Al-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:27:38.579 --> 00:27:40.579 though another identity is also mentioned. 00:27:40.579 --> 00:27:42.579 "A runner from the tribe of Aslam ran swiftly," 00:27:42.579 --> 00:27:46.579 he was Hamzah ibn 'Amr al-Aslami, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:27:46.579 --> 00:27:48.579 "So he ascended upon," 00:27:48.579 --> 00:27:50.579 meaning he climbed and overlooked from. 00:27:50.579 --> 00:27:52.579 "So I clothed him in both of them," 00:27:52.579 --> 00:27:57.579 meaning I gave them both to Hamzah ibn 'Amr al-Aslami, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:27:58.579 --> 00:28:00.609 "And I borrowed two garments," 00:28:00.609 --> 00:28:04.609 it is said that he borrowed them from Abu Qatadah, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:28:04.609 --> 00:28:06.609 "So people began meeting me," 00:28:06.609 --> 00:28:09.609 meaning the people welcomed me 00:28:09.609 --> 00:28:11.609 "Group after group," 00:28:11.609 --> 00:28:13.609 meaning crowd upon crowd. 00:28:13.609 --> 00:28:15.609 "His face was shining," 00:28:15.609 --> 00:28:17.609 Meaning: it glistens and shines. 00:28:17.609 --> 00:28:19.609 Whenever he was happy, his face would shine with light. 00:28:19.609 --> 00:28:23.609 That is, whenever he experienced joy, his face would beam with light. 00:28:23.609 --> 00:28:25.609 "That I strip myself of all my wealth..." 00:28:25.609 --> 00:28:30.609 That is: to give away all my wealth as charity for the sake of Allah, Almighty and Majestic. 00:28:30.609 --> 00:28:33.640 "Keep some of your wealth for yourself." 00:28:33.640 --> 00:28:37.640 He commanded him to do so out of concern that he might suffer harm from poverty. 00:28:37.640 --> 00:28:40.640 "Allah rescued me only because of truthfulness." 00:28:40.640 --> 00:28:42.640 What is meant is: 00:28:42.640 --> 00:28:46.640 "Allah Almighty accepted my repentance only because I spoke the truth." 00:28:46.640 --> 00:28:48.640 "...as long as I live." 00:28:48.640 --> 00:28:50.640 That is: as long as I remain alive. 00:28:50.640 --> 00:28:51.640 "...Allah tests him," 00:28:51.640 --> 00:28:53.640 Meaning: Allah bestows favors upon him. 00:28:54.640 --> 00:28:56.670 "...that Allah protect me..." 00:28:56.670 --> 00:28:58.670 ...so as to abide by His limits. 00:28:58.670 --> 00:29:00.670 "...for the remainder of my life." 00:29:00.670 --> 00:29:02.670 That is: for whatever time remains of my life. 00:29:02.670 --> 00:29:07.670 “Allah hath turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the Muhajirin and the Ansar who followed him in the hour of hardship. After the hearts of a party of them had almost swerved aside, then turned He unto them in mercy. Lo! He is Full of Pity, Merciful for them.” (9:117) 00:29:07.670 --> 00:29:10.670 Meaning: He forgave them their lapses, 00:29:10.670 --> 00:29:12.670 Plentifully rewarded their good deeds, 00:29:12.670 --> 00:29:15.670 And elevated them to the highest ranks. 00:29:15.670 --> 00:29:17.670 ﴿And be with those who are truthful.﴾ 00:29:17.670 --> 00:29:21.670 That is: in their speech, their actions, and their spiritual states. 00:29:21.670 --> 00:29:23.670 "...ever." 00:29:23.670 --> 00:29:25.670 Used to emphasize the negation of past action. 00:29:25.670 --> 00:29:27.670 "...just as those who lied were destroyed." 00:29:27.670 --> 00:29:30.670 Meaning: similar to the destruction of those who lied. 00:29:30.670 --> 00:29:32.670 "...the worst thing that was ever said to anyone." 00:29:32.670 --> 00:29:36.670 Meaning: the worst statement made to any human being. 00:29:36.670 --> 00:29:40.670 “They will swear by Allah unto you, when ye return unto them, that ye may let them be. Let them be, for lo! they are unclean, and their abode is hell as the reward for what they used to earn.” (9:95) 00:29:40.670 --> 00:29:43.670 That is: when you return from the military expedition. 00:29:43.670 --> 00:29:46.670 "And we three were left behind..." 00:29:46.670 --> 00:29:49.670 Meaning: the acceptance of our repentance was deferred. 00:29:49.670 --> 00:29:52.670 "And he deferred"—meaning: he postponed. 00:29:52.670 --> 00:29:54.670 "...until Allah decreed concerning it." 00:29:54.670 --> 00:29:58.670 Meaning: until Allah sent down His judgment regarding us. 00:29:58.670 --> 00:30:01.670 "It refers only to his leaving us behind..." 00:30:01.670 --> 00:30:05.670 Meaning: postponing our affair compared to the case of those who swore oaths to him and offered excuses, 00:30:05.670 --> 00:30:09.670 So he accepted their excuses and oaths, and forgave them. 00:30:09.670 --> 00:30:12.670 "And his deferring"—that is, his postponing. 00:30:12.670 --> 00:30:16.410 Benefits derived from the hadith: 00:30:16.410 --> 00:30:19.140 From this hadith, the following points are derived: 00:30:19.140 --> 00:30:23.140 The permissibility of seeking the property of non-belligerent disbelievers. 00:30:23.140 --> 00:30:26.140 It contains proof for the permissibility of spoils of war for this Ummah. 00:30:26.140 --> 00:30:30.140 Since he stated that he intended the caravan of Quraish. 00:30:30.140 --> 00:30:34.140 It highlights the virtue of the people of Badr and those who participated in the Pledge of al-Aqabah. 00:30:34.140 --> 00:30:37.140 It contains an explicit declaration of the target direction of a military expedition. 00:30:37.140 --> 00:30:40.140 But if public interest does not dictate it, it should not be mentioned. 00:30:40.140 --> 00:30:44.140 It indicates that when the leader issues a general call to arms, 00:30:44.140 --> 00:30:46.140 Mobilization becomes obligatory. 00:30:46.140 --> 00:30:50.140 It establishes the legitimacy of expressing regret over missed good deeds. 00:30:50.140 --> 00:30:56.140 The hadith points to the importance of hastening to perform righteous deeds and condemns procrastination. 00:30:56.140 --> 00:31:00.140 It shows the leader's duty to check on his companions during critical matters. 00:31:00.140 --> 00:31:05.140 The hadith contains a condemnation of hypocrisy and a warning against the deeds of the hypocrites. 00:31:05.140 --> 00:31:08.140 It demonstrates the permissibility of swearing an oath without being asked to do so. 00:31:08.140 --> 00:31:12.140 It indicates the legitimacy of wishing for good deeds that one has missed. 00:31:12.140 --> 00:31:15.140 It highlights the virtue of brotherhood, 00:31:15.140 --> 00:31:18.140 And the merit of defending the honor of fellow Muslims. 00:31:18.140 --> 00:31:22.140 It permits commending a person in his absence when it serves a valid interest, 00:31:22.140 --> 00:31:26.140 And shows that this is not considered blameworthy praise. 00:31:26.140 --> 00:31:30.140 The hadith shows that lying is part of falsehood that must be avoided. 00:31:30.140 --> 00:31:35.140 It illustrates using a part to refer to the whole, by calling the prayer a rak'ah. 00:31:35.140 --> 00:31:42.140 It shows that it is recommended for someone returning from a journey to go first to the mosque and pray two rak'ahs. 00:31:42.140 --> 00:31:49.140 It establishes the practice of welcoming someone returning from a journey and people gathering around him upon his arrival. 00:31:49.140 --> 00:31:52.140 It highlights the supreme virtue of truthfulness. 00:31:52.140 --> 00:31:55.140 It indicates judging people by outward appearances and accepting offered excuses, 00:31:55.140 --> 00:31:58.140 While leaving the secrets of the hearts to Allah. 00:31:58.140 --> 00:32:01.140 It demonstrates the legitimacy of weeping over one's sins, 00:32:01.140 --> 00:32:06.140 And that weeping is a sign of a sincere penitent. 00:32:06.140 --> 00:32:12.140 It shows that following the example of righteous peers helps provide solace and lighten afflictions. 00:32:12.140 --> 00:32:20.140 It indicates that the leader may discipline some of his companions by withholding speech from them and instructing them to stay away from their wives. 00:32:20.140 --> 00:32:24.140 It provides guidance on attending congregational prayer. 00:32:24.140 --> 00:32:27.140 The hadith highlights the virtue of fortitude and patience. 00:32:27.140 --> 00:32:34.140 It shows the virtue of the Prophet's (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) seeking forgiveness for his Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). 00:32:34.140 --> 00:32:38.140 It establishes the legitimacy of boycotting people of sin and religious innovation. 00:32:38.140 --> 00:32:43.140 It demonstrates giving precedence to obedience to Allah and His Messenger over affection for relatives. 00:32:43.140 --> 00:32:48.140 It shows the permissibility of withholding the greeting of peace and its response from a boycotted person. 00:32:48.140 --> 00:32:54.140 The hadith indicates that initiating or returning a greeting is considered intentional speech, 00:32:54.140 --> 00:32:58.140 Which would break an oath if one swore not to speak to someone. 00:32:58.140 --> 00:33:03.140 It demonstrates the virtue and strength of faith during times of trial. 00:33:03.140 --> 00:33:08.140 It shows that stealing a glance during prayer does not invalidate it. 00:33:08.140 --> 00:33:16.140 It permits entering the garden of a close friend without explicit permission if his consent is known. 00:33:16.140 --> 00:33:21.140 It indicates that indirect expressions do not effect a divorce unless accompanied by intention. 00:33:21.140 --> 00:33:26.140 The hadith points to the legitimacy of a woman serving her husband. 00:33:26.140 --> 00:33:32.140 It demonstrates taking precaution by staying away from anything that might lead to falling into the prohibited. 00:33:32.140 --> 00:33:38.140 It permits burning a paper containing the name of Allah if done for a valid interest. 00:33:38.140 --> 00:33:44.140 It shows that a strong person is held to a stricter standard in religion than a weak one. 00:33:44.140 --> 00:33:49.140 It indicates the permissibility of holding oneself to strict resolve and foregoing concessions. 00:33:49.140 --> 00:33:54.140 It shows the preference for using indirect expressions regarding matters that evoke shyness to state explicitly. 00:33:54.140 --> 00:34:02.140 It demonstrates placing the command of Allah Almighty and the command of His Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) above the wishes of spouse and family. 00:34:02.140 --> 00:34:09.139 It permits giving good tidings and congratulations among people regarding joyful matters of this world and the Hereafter. 00:34:09.139 --> 00:34:14.139 It highlights the recommendation of giving good news upon the renewal of blessings and the removal of distress. 00:34:14.139 --> 00:34:19.139 It permits giving the bearer of good news a reward or gift for his glad tidings. 00:34:19.139 --> 00:34:23.139 It establishes the legitimacy of performing the prostration of gratitude upon receiving blessings. 00:34:23.139 --> 00:34:33.139 The hadith shows how closely the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) observed the states of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in pleasure and anger. 00:34:33.139 --> 00:34:37.139 It indicates the legitimacy of giving charity upon attaining a desired goal. 00:34:37.139 --> 00:34:42.139 The hadith points to the prohibition of giving away all of one's wealth in charity, 00:34:42.139 --> 00:34:45.139 And that it is preferable for a person to retain some of his property. 00:34:46.139 --> 00:34:51.139 It shows that wealth is a broader term encompassing both cash and real estate. 00:34:51.139 --> 00:34:56.139 It establishes the legitimacy of people gathering around the leader during important matters, 00:34:56.139 --> 00:34:59.139 And his joy over that which brings joy to his companions. 00:34:59.139 --> 00:35:03.139 It permits shaking hands with an arriving person and standing up to greet him. 00:35:03.139 --> 00:35:08.179 It shows the recommendation of persisting in beneficial good deeds. 00:35:08.179 --> 00:35:14.179 It demonstrates turning to Allah, Glorified and Exalted, for protection against sins and transgressions. 00:35:14.179 --> 00:35:17.179 It emphasizes the severity and gravity of sin. 00:35:17.179 --> 00:35:22.179 It permits a person to speak of his own shortcomings and neglect. 00:35:22.179 --> 00:35:27.179 It permits praising a man for the good qualities he possesses if there is no fear of fitnah for him. 00:35:27.179 --> 00:35:30.179 It establishes the legitimacy of borrowing items. 00:35:30.179 --> 00:35:33.179 It encourages hastening toward repentance, 00:35:33.179 --> 00:35:36.179 For the door of repentance is always open to sinners, 00:35:36.179 --> 00:35:43.179 And if they repent, Allah, Glorified and Exalted, will accept their repentance and be pleased with them. 00:35:43.179 --> 00:35:49.210 The hadith serves as evidence for those who advocate restricting the conditions of a person imprisoned for sins and transgressions.