1 00:00:02,319 --> 00:00:23,030 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. And Madinah grew dark: the deathbed and the final testaments. 2 00:00:23,030 --> 00:00:31,329 The Companions realized that these were the most critical and final moments. 3 00:00:31,329 --> 00:00:34,549 For here was al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, 4 00:00:34,549 --> 00:00:41,549 speaking to Ali that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was on the verge of passing away. 5 00:00:41,549 --> 00:00:44,100 Ibn Abbas narrated 6 00:00:44,100 --> 00:00:48,100 that Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) 7 00:00:48,100 --> 00:00:55,100 came out from the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) during the illness from which he died. 8 00:00:55,100 --> 00:00:57,259 The people asked, 9 00:00:57,259 --> 00:00:59,259 "O Abu al-Hasan, 10 00:00:59,259 --> 00:01:04,260 how has the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) awakened this morning?" 11 00:01:04,260 --> 00:01:06,480 He replied, 12 00:01:06,480 --> 00:01:09,480 "He has awakened, praise be to Allah, recovered." 13 00:01:09,480 --> 00:01:12,769 Thereupon, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib took him by the hand 14 00:01:12,769 --> 00:01:14,769 and said to him, 15 00:01:14,769 --> 00:01:18,930 "By Allah, after three days you will be a subject ruled by another's rod. 16 00:01:18,930 --> 00:01:24,989 By Allah, I surely see that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 17 00:01:24,989 --> 00:01:28,989 will pass away from this illness of his. 18 00:01:28,989 --> 00:01:34,090 For I well recognize the faces of the Banu Abd al-Muttalib at the time of death. 19 00:01:34,090 --> 00:01:39,439 Let us go to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 20 00:01:39,439 --> 00:01:42,439 and ask him who shall hold this matter of authority. 21 00:01:42,439 --> 00:01:45,760 If it is to be among us, we will know it; 22 00:01:45,760 --> 00:01:50,760 and if it is to be among others, we will know it so he may make a bequest concerning us." 23 00:01:50,760 --> 00:01:52,920 Ali replied, 24 00:01:52,920 --> 00:01:58,920 "By Allah, if we ask the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) for it 25 00:01:58,920 --> 00:02:03,920 and he refuses us, the people will never grant it to us after him. 26 00:02:03,920 --> 00:02:10,080 And by Allah, I will never ask it of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)." 27 00:02:11,080 --> 00:02:17,689 Then Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr entered upon the Prophet (peace be upon him), 28 00:02:17,689 --> 00:02:23,689 whose illness had grown heavy to the point that he (peace and blessings be upon him) could not speak. 29 00:02:23,689 --> 00:02:25,939 Aisha said: 30 00:02:25,939 --> 00:02:32,069 "Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr entered holding a siwak with which he was cleaning his teeth. 31 00:02:32,069 --> 00:02:37,330 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) looked at it, 32 00:02:37,330 --> 00:02:39,389 and I said to him, 33 00:02:39,389 --> 00:02:43,389 'Give me this siwak, O Abd al-Rahman.' 34 00:02:43,389 --> 00:02:45,460 So he gave it to me, 35 00:02:45,460 --> 00:02:48,490 and I bit off its end and chewed it, 36 00:02:48,490 --> 00:02:52,490 then gave it to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 37 00:02:52,490 --> 00:02:57,900 He cleaned his teeth with it while leaning against my chest." 38 00:02:57,900 --> 00:02:59,900 Another narration clarifies 39 00:02:59,900 --> 00:03:05,900 how the condition of the Prophet (peace be upon him) was at that time. 40 00:03:05,900 --> 00:03:08,509 Aisha said: 41 00:03:08,509 --> 00:03:12,509 "Abd al-Rahman entered upon me holding the siwak, 42 00:03:12,509 --> 00:03:17,509 while I was supporting the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 43 00:03:17,509 --> 00:03:20,580 I saw him looking at it, 44 00:03:20,580 --> 00:03:23,610 and I knew that he loved the siwak. 45 00:03:23,610 --> 00:03:25,699 So I said, 46 00:03:25,699 --> 00:03:27,860 'Shall I take it for you?' 47 00:03:27,860 --> 00:03:30,860 He nodded his head in approval. 48 00:03:30,860 --> 00:03:33,960 I took it, but it was too hard for him, 49 00:03:35,120 --> 00:03:36,120 so I asked, 50 00:03:36,120 --> 00:03:38,120 'Shall I soften it for you?' 51 00:03:38,120 --> 00:03:41,280 He nodded his head in approval. 52 00:03:41,280 --> 00:03:43,280 So I softened it." 53 00:03:43,280 --> 00:03:48,729 Then the throes of death became apparent upon the Prophet (peace be upon him), 54 00:03:48,729 --> 00:03:54,729 and he (peace be upon him) wished to write a document for the Companions, 55 00:03:54,729 --> 00:03:57,729 after which they would never go astray. 56 00:03:57,729 --> 00:03:59,949 Ibn Abbas said: 57 00:03:59,949 --> 00:04:05,949 "When the death of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) approached, there were men in the house. 58 00:04:05,949 --> 00:04:10,020 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, 59 00:04:10,020 --> 00:04:13,020 'Come, let me write for you a document, 60 00:04:13,020 --> 00:04:15,020 after which you will never go astray.' 61 00:04:15,020 --> 00:04:18,180 Some of them said, 62 00:04:18,180 --> 00:04:21,180 'The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 63 00:04:21,180 --> 00:04:23,180 has been overcome by severe pain, 64 00:04:23,180 --> 00:04:25,180 and you have the Qur'an; 65 00:04:25,180 --> 00:04:28,370 the Book of Allah is sufficient for us.' 66 00:04:28,370 --> 00:04:31,370 The people in the house differed and disputed. 67 00:04:31,370 --> 00:04:33,370 Some of them said, 68 00:04:33,370 --> 00:04:38,370 'Bring it close so he may write for you a document after which you will never go astray,' 69 00:04:38,370 --> 00:04:42,560 while others said otherwise. 70 00:04:42,560 --> 00:04:45,560 When their clamor and disagreement increased, 71 00:04:45,560 --> 00:04:49,560 the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, 72 00:04:49,560 --> 00:04:51,879 'Leave me.'" 73 00:04:51,879 --> 00:04:54,879 The incident of the document took place on Thursday, 74 00:04:54,879 --> 00:04:58,879 before the death of the Prophet (peace be upon him) 75 00:04:58,879 --> 00:05:00,879 by four days, 76 00:05:00,879 --> 00:05:03,879 as reported in the narration of Sa'id ibn Jubayr. 77 00:05:03,879 --> 00:05:05,879 He said: 78 00:05:05,879 --> 00:05:07,879 "Ibn Abbas said: 79 00:05:07,879 --> 00:05:09,879 'Thursday! 80 00:05:09,879 --> 00:05:11,879 And what a day Thursday was!' 81 00:05:11,879 --> 00:05:16,939 The pain of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) intensified, 82 00:05:16,939 --> 00:05:18,980 and he said, 83 00:05:18,980 --> 00:05:21,980 'Bring me writing materials that I may write for you a document, 84 00:05:21,980 --> 00:05:24,980 after which you will never go astray.'" 85 00:05:24,980 --> 00:05:28,360 In al-Bukhari, in the Book of Jihad: 86 00:05:28,360 --> 00:05:30,360 "Ibn Abbas said: 87 00:05:30,360 --> 00:05:32,360 'Thursday! 88 00:05:32,360 --> 00:05:34,360 And what a day Thursday was!' 89 00:05:34,360 --> 00:05:36,360 Then he wept 90 00:05:36,360 --> 00:05:39,360 until his tears moistened the pebbles. 91 00:05:39,360 --> 00:05:41,459 He then said: 92 00:05:41,459 --> 00:05:47,459 'The pain of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) intensified on Thursday, 93 00:05:47,459 --> 00:05:49,459 and he said: 94 00:05:49,459 --> 00:05:53,490 "Bring me writing materials that I may write for you a document, 95 00:05:53,490 --> 00:05:56,490 after which you will never go astray." 96 00:05:56,490 --> 00:05:58,519 But they disputed, 97 00:05:58,519 --> 00:06:02,519 and it is not fitting to dispute in the presence of a Prophet. 98 00:06:02,519 --> 00:06:04,709 They said, 99 00:06:04,709 --> 00:06:08,709 "Has the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) spoken in delirium?" 100 00:06:08,709 --> 00:06:10,899 He said, 101 00:06:10,899 --> 00:06:11,899 "Leave me, 102 00:06:11,899 --> 00:06:16,899 for the state I am in is better than what you call me to." 103 00:06:16,899 --> 00:06:20,189 And at his death he enjoined three things: 104 00:06:20,189 --> 00:06:24,509 "Expel the polytheists from the Arabian Peninsula, 105 00:06:24,509 --> 00:06:29,540 grant gifts to delegations as I used to grant them," 106 00:06:29,540 --> 00:06:31,540 and the third was forgotten.'" 107 00:06:31,540 --> 00:06:36,279 Talhah ibn Musarrif narrated, saying: 108 00:06:36,279 --> 00:06:40,279 "I asked Abdullah ibn Abi Awfa (may Allah be pleased with him), 109 00:06:40,279 --> 00:06:45,279 'Did the Prophet (peace be upon him) leave a bequest?' 110 00:06:45,279 --> 00:06:47,470 He replied, 'No.' 111 00:06:47,470 --> 00:06:48,470 I said, 112 00:06:48,470 --> 00:06:51,470 'How then was the bequest prescribed for people, 113 00:06:51,470 --> 00:06:54,600 or how were they commanded to make a bequest?' 114 00:06:54,600 --> 00:06:55,600 He said, 115 00:06:55,600 --> 00:06:58,980 'He enjoined the Book of Allah.'" 116 00:06:58,980 --> 00:07:04,980 Aisha held the same view as Abdullah ibn Abi Awfa (may Allah be pleased with him), 117 00:07:04,980 --> 00:07:12,079 that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had not made a specific bequest to anyone. 118 00:07:12,079 --> 00:07:14,139 She said— 119 00:07:14,139 --> 00:07:16,139 on the authority of al-Aswad, who said: 120 00:07:16,139 --> 00:07:22,139 "It was mentioned in the presence of Aisha that Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was the appointed successor. 121 00:07:22,139 --> 00:07:24,139 She said, 122 00:07:24,139 --> 00:07:26,180 'When did he appoint him? 123 00:07:26,180 --> 00:07:29,180 For I was supporting him against my chest'— 124 00:07:29,180 --> 00:07:32,180 or she said, 'in my lap'— 125 00:07:32,180 --> 00:07:34,209 'when he called for a basin, 126 00:07:34,209 --> 00:07:37,399 then he collapsed in my lap, 127 00:07:37,399 --> 00:07:40,399 and I did not even realize he had died. 128 00:07:40,399 --> 00:07:43,399 So when did he make a bequest to him?'" 129 00:07:43,399 --> 00:07:49,879 During those agonizing moments, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 130 00:07:49,879 --> 00:07:52,879 was enduring severe death throes, 131 00:07:52,879 --> 00:07:57,040 as narrated by Aisha and Ibn Abbas. 132 00:07:57,040 --> 00:08:00,040 On the authority of Aisha and Ibn Abbas, who said: 133 00:08:00,040 --> 00:08:05,199 "When death was descending upon the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 134 00:08:05,199 --> 00:08:09,199 he began pulling a woolen cloak over his face, 135 00:08:09,199 --> 00:08:11,199 and when he felt stifled, 136 00:08:11,199 --> 00:08:13,199 he would uncover his face. 137 00:08:13,199 --> 00:08:16,199 While in that state, he said, 138 00:08:16,199 --> 00:08:20,199 'May the curse of Allah be upon the Jews and the Christians; 139 00:08:20,199 --> 00:08:24,199 they took the graves of their prophets as places of worship'— 140 00:08:24,199 --> 00:08:27,459 warning against what they had done." 141 00:08:27,459 --> 00:08:29,459 Aisha said, 142 00:08:29,459 --> 00:08:32,460 "Had it not been for that, his grave would have been made prominent, 143 00:08:32,460 --> 00:08:35,840 but it was feared it would be taken as a place of worship." 144 00:08:35,840 --> 00:08:38,840 Usamah ibn Zayd narrates 145 00:08:38,840 --> 00:08:41,840 the account of the Prophet (peace be upon him) binding the military banner, 146 00:08:42,840 --> 00:08:46,000 having appointed him commander of the expedition, 147 00:08:46,000 --> 00:08:48,000 saying: 148 00:08:48,000 --> 00:08:52,000 "When the condition of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) became grave, 149 00:08:52,000 --> 00:08:56,259 I descended, and the people descended upon Madinah. 150 00:08:56,259 --> 00:09:00,259 I entered upon the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 151 00:09:00,259 --> 00:09:04,289 and he had been struck silent and could not speak. 152 00:09:04,289 --> 00:09:07,289 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) began 153 00:09:07,289 --> 00:09:11,289 placing his hands upon me and raising them in prayer." 154 00:09:12,289 --> 00:09:15,899 And on the authority of Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her), 155 00:09:15,899 --> 00:09:19,899 that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 156 00:09:19,899 --> 00:09:24,059 used to say during the illness in which he died: 157 00:09:24,059 --> 00:09:28,059 "The prayer, and those whom your right hands possess!" 158 00:09:28,059 --> 00:09:34,440 He kept repeating it until his tongue could no longer articulate it. 159 00:09:34,440 --> 00:09:38,570 In the narration of Anas ibn Malik, he said: 160 00:09:38,570 --> 00:09:43,570 "The general exhortation of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 161 00:09:43,570 --> 00:09:48,730 when death approached him and his soul was rattling in his throat was: 162 00:09:48,730 --> 00:09:53,179 'The prayer, and those whom your right hands possess!'" 163 00:09:53,179 --> 00:09:56,179 Dhakwan, the freed slave of Aisha, narrates 164 00:09:56,179 --> 00:10:01,179 that Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) used to say: 165 00:10:01,179 --> 00:10:05,179 "In front of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 166 00:10:05,179 --> 00:10:07,179 was a leather flask— 167 00:10:07,179 --> 00:10:10,179 or a vessel containing water—" 168 00:10:10,179 --> 00:10:12,429 Umar, the sub-narrator, was unsure— 169 00:10:12,429 --> 00:10:15,429 "and he began dipping his hand into the water, 170 00:10:15,429 --> 00:10:18,429 wiping his face with it and saying, 171 00:10:18,429 --> 00:10:21,429 'There is no god but Allah; 172 00:10:21,429 --> 00:10:24,429 truly, death has its agonies.' 173 00:10:24,429 --> 00:10:28,500 Then he raised his hand and began saying, 174 00:10:28,500 --> 00:10:31,559 'With the Highest Companionship,' 175 00:10:31,559 --> 00:10:33,559 until his soul was taken 176 00:10:33,559 --> 00:10:37,559 and his hand tilted down (peace be upon him)." 177 00:10:37,559 --> 00:10:42,039 Among the final counsels given by the Prophet (peace be upon him) 178 00:10:42,039 --> 00:10:44,039 just before his passing 179 00:10:44,039 --> 00:10:47,039 is what was narrated by Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, 180 00:10:47,039 --> 00:10:49,200 who said: 181 00:10:49,200 --> 00:10:53,200 "When the Prophet (peace be upon him) was approaching death, 182 00:10:53,200 --> 00:10:55,200 they said, 183 00:10:55,200 --> 00:10:58,299 'O Messenger of Allah, give us a bequest.' 184 00:10:58,299 --> 00:11:00,299 He said, 185 00:11:00,299 --> 00:11:05,299 'I enjoin upon you the first foremost of the Muhajirun, 186 00:11:05,299 --> 00:11:08,360 and their descendants after them. 187 00:11:08,360 --> 00:11:10,360 If you do not do so, 188 00:11:10,360 --> 00:11:14,549 neither obligatory nor voluntary deeds will be accepted from you.'" 189 00:11:14,549 --> 00:11:20,549 Aisha tried to bring ease to the Prophet (peace be upon him), 190 00:11:20,549 --> 00:11:23,779 so she would recite the Mu'awwidhat (protective surahs) over him. 191 00:11:23,779 --> 00:11:26,779 Urwah ibn al-Zubayr narrated, saying: 192 00:11:26,779 --> 00:11:30,779 "Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) informed me 193 00:11:30,779 --> 00:11:35,779 that whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) fell ill, 194 00:11:35,779 --> 00:11:39,779 he would blow over himself reciting the Mu'awwidhat 195 00:11:39,779 --> 00:11:41,779 and wipe over himself with his own hand. 196 00:11:41,779 --> 00:11:45,840 When he suffered from the illness from which he died, 197 00:11:45,840 --> 00:11:49,840 I began blowing over him with the Mu'awwidhat 198 00:11:49,840 --> 00:11:51,840 that he used to blow, 199 00:11:51,840 --> 00:11:56,840 and wiped him with the hand of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 200 00:11:56,840 --> 00:12:02,379 As the illness intensified for the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 201 00:12:02,379 --> 00:12:04,379 Fatimah began to weep, 202 00:12:04,379 --> 00:12:07,379 as Anas ibn Malik narrated. 203 00:12:07,379 --> 00:12:09,769 Anas said: 204 00:12:09,769 --> 00:12:13,769 "When the Prophet's condition grew severe, 205 00:12:13,769 --> 00:12:15,769 agony and distress began to overwhelm him, 206 00:12:15,769 --> 00:12:18,960 so Fatimah (peace be upon her) said: 207 00:12:18,960 --> 00:12:20,960 'O the intense agony of my father!' 208 00:12:22,120 --> 00:12:24,120 Thereupon he said to her: 209 00:12:24,120 --> 00:12:28,820 'There will be no more agony for your father after today.'" 210 00:12:28,820 --> 00:12:33,820 The Mother of the Believers, Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her), was also deeply distraught, 211 00:12:33,820 --> 00:12:36,820 and she came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 212 00:12:36,820 --> 00:12:40,820 grieving over his illness and what he was enduring, 213 00:12:40,820 --> 00:12:43,860 as Zayd ibn Aslam narrated, 214 00:12:43,860 --> 00:12:45,980 saying: 215 00:12:45,980 --> 00:12:48,980 "The wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gathered around him 216 00:12:49,980 --> 00:12:51,980 during the illness from which he passed away. 217 00:12:51,980 --> 00:12:54,980 As his wives gathered by his side, 218 00:12:54,980 --> 00:12:58,210 Safiyyah bint Huyayy said: 219 00:12:58,210 --> 00:13:01,340 'By Allah, O Prophet of Allah, 220 00:13:01,340 --> 00:13:04,340 I truly wish that what has afflicted you had afflicted me instead.' 221 00:13:04,340 --> 00:13:08,460 At this, his other wives signaled each other by winking, 222 00:13:08,460 --> 00:13:11,620 so he said: 'Rinse your mouths.' 223 00:13:11,620 --> 00:13:14,750 They asked: 'From what?' 224 00:13:14,750 --> 00:13:18,779 He replied: 'For your winking at her; 225 00:13:18,779 --> 00:13:21,779 by Allah, she is indeed speaking the truth.'" 226 00:13:21,779 --> 00:13:25,230 It was as if she (may Allah be pleased with her) 227 00:13:25,230 --> 00:13:29,230 was profoundly distressed at the thought of being parted from him (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 228 00:13:29,230 --> 00:13:32,299 as Dhu Dhu'ayb narrated, saying: 229 00:13:32,299 --> 00:13:34,389 "When death was approaching 230 00:13:34,389 --> 00:13:38,389 the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 231 00:13:38,389 --> 00:13:40,389 Safiyyah said: 232 00:13:40,389 --> 00:13:42,389 'O Messenger of Allah, 233 00:13:42,389 --> 00:13:47,389 each of your wives has family to whom she can turn, 234 00:13:47,389 --> 00:13:50,419 but you have exiled my people. 235 00:13:50,419 --> 00:13:53,419 If anything happens to you, to whom shall I turn?' 236 00:13:53,419 --> 00:13:55,580 He replied: 237 00:13:55,580 --> 00:14:00,700 'To 'Ali ibn Abi Talib.'" 238 00:14:00,700 --> 00:14:03,700 And Madinah grew dark.