WEBVTT 00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:03.459 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.459 --> 00:00:06.370 Ifadah Center 00:00:06.370 --> 00:00:09.470 for Humanities Studies and Research 00:00:09.470 --> 00:00:10.869 presents 00:00:10.869 --> 00:00:16.210 Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari 00:00:16.210 --> 00:00:18.660 Chapter: 00:00:18.660 --> 00:00:24.260 If a wild donkey is gifted to a person in the state of ihram, he should not accept it. 00:00:24.260 --> 00:00:28.059 Narrated by al-Sa'b ibn Jaththama al-Laythi: 00:00:28.059 --> 00:00:33.200 That he gifted a wild donkey to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:00:33.359 --> 00:00:36.700 while he was at al-Abwa' or Waddan, 00:00:36.700 --> 00:00:39.700 and he (the Prophet) was in the state of ihram, so he returned it to him. 00:00:39.700 --> 00:00:41.179 Al-Sa'b said: 00:00:41.179 --> 00:00:44.780 When he saw the reaction on my face regarding his returning my gift, 00:00:44.780 --> 00:00:45.939 he said: 00:00:45.939 --> 00:00:48.079 "We have not rejected it out of any dislike for you, 00:00:48.079 --> 00:00:51.079 but we are in the state of ihram." 00:00:51.079 --> 00:00:54.630 Commentary on the hadith: 00:00:54.630 --> 00:00:56.130 At al-Abwa': 00:00:56.130 --> 00:00:59.689 It is a valley among the valleys of the Tihamah region in the Hijaz. 00:00:59.689 --> 00:01:03.219 It is known today as Wadi al-Khuraibah. 00:01:03.219 --> 00:01:04.719 At Waddan: 00:01:04.760 --> 00:01:09.780 Waddan is a comprehensive village near al-Juhfah. 00:01:09.780 --> 00:01:12.969 "We are in the state of ihram" (hurum): meaning we are muhrimun (those in the state of ihram). 00:01:12.969 --> 00:01:16.450 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:01:16.450 --> 00:01:18.409 It is derived from the hadith: 00:01:18.409 --> 00:01:21.310 The legitimacy of judging based on circumstantial evidence. 00:01:21.310 --> 00:01:27.359 It contains guidance on apologizing for returning a gift to soothe the heart of the giver. 00:01:27.359 --> 00:01:32.319 It indicates that a gift does not enter into one's ownership until it is accepted. 00:01:32.319 --> 00:01:38.040 It indicates the permissibility of hunting a wild donkey (for one not in ihram). 00:01:38.079 --> 00:01:42.280 Chapter: Animals that a person in ihram may kill. 00:01:42.280 --> 00:01:45.780 Narrated by 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): 00:01:45.780 --> 00:01:50.079 That the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:01:50.079 --> 00:01:52.459 "Five types of animals, 00:01:52.459 --> 00:01:56.780 whoever kills them while in the state of ihram, there is no blame upon him: 00:01:56.780 --> 00:01:57.939 The scorpion, 00:01:57.939 --> 00:01:59.239 the mouse, 00:01:59.239 --> 00:02:00.980 the biting dog (predatory animal), 00:02:00.980 --> 00:02:02.280 the crow, 00:02:02.280 --> 00:02:04.209 and the kite." 00:02:04.209 --> 00:02:06.269 Narrated by Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her), she said: 00:02:06.269 --> 00:02:09.849 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:02:09.849 --> 00:02:11.729 "Five types of animals, 00:02:11.729 --> 00:02:14.689 there is no blame on whoever kills them: 00:02:14.689 --> 00:02:15.930 The crow, 00:02:15.930 --> 00:02:17.270 the kite, 00:02:17.270 --> 00:02:18.550 the mouse, 00:02:18.550 --> 00:02:19.870 the scorpion, 00:02:19.870 --> 00:02:22.409 and the biting dog." 00:02:22.409 --> 00:02:25.349 Narrated by 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her): 00:02:25.349 --> 00:02:29.629 That the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:02:29.629 --> 00:02:31.669 "Five types of animals, 00:02:31.669 --> 00:02:33.710 all of them are 'fasiq' (harmful/transgressive), 00:02:33.710 --> 00:02:36.110 one may kill them even in the Sacred Precinct (Haram): 00:02:36.150 --> 00:02:37.349 The crow, 00:02:37.349 --> 00:02:38.979 the kite, 00:02:38.979 --> 00:02:40.300 in one narration, 00:02:40.300 --> 00:02:41.979 the hawk, 00:02:41.979 --> 00:02:43.340 the scorpion, 00:02:43.340 --> 00:02:44.659 the mouse, 00:02:44.659 --> 00:02:47.479 and the biting dog." 00:02:47.479 --> 00:02:50.810 Commentary on the hadith: 00:02:50.810 --> 00:02:52.250 'Dawab' (animals): 00:02:52.250 --> 00:02:56.069 A 'dabbah' is anything that moves upon the face of the earth. 00:02:56.069 --> 00:02:57.189 'Junah': 00:02:57.189 --> 00:02:59.449 Meaning sin or blame. 00:02:59.449 --> 00:03:00.689 The kite (al-hida'): 00:03:00.689 --> 00:03:03.569 It is a well-known bird of prey. 00:03:03.569 --> 00:03:05.610 Its kunyah (nickname) is Abu al-Khattaf. 00:03:05.650 --> 00:03:08.180 It hunts rats. 00:03:08.180 --> 00:03:09.300 "No blame": 00:03:09.300 --> 00:03:11.319 Meaning no sin. 00:03:11.319 --> 00:03:13.360 "All of them are fasiq": 00:03:13.360 --> 00:03:15.800 These five were called 'fawasiq' (transgressors), 00:03:15.800 --> 00:03:19.159 because they deviate from the sanctity afforded to other animals, 00:03:19.159 --> 00:03:23.900 and because killing them is permissible for one in ihram and within the Sacred Precinct. 00:03:23.900 --> 00:03:27.939 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:03:27.939 --> 00:03:30.099 It is derived from the hadith: 00:03:30.099 --> 00:03:33.500 If it is permissible for one in ihram to kill these animals, 00:03:33.500 --> 00:03:36.340 then it is permissible for one not in ihram by priority. 00:04:06.960 --> 00:04:11.139 It indicates that when the underlying reason (ratio legis) is apparent in a textually specified case, 00:04:11.139 --> 00:04:15.740 the ruling extends to everything in which that reason is found. 00:04:15.740 --> 00:04:21.259 Narrated by 'Abdullah (ibn Mas'ud) (may Allah be pleased with him), he said: 00:04:21.259 --> 00:04:24.899 While we were with the Prophet (peace be upon him), 00:04:24.899 --> 00:04:26.740 in a cave at Mina, 00:04:26.740 --> 00:04:29.819 the chapter 'Al-Mursalat' was revealed to him. 00:04:29.819 --> 00:04:32.139 He was reciting it, 00:04:32.139 --> 00:04:35.060 and I was receiving it directly from his mouth, 00:04:35.060 --> 00:04:37.779 and his mouth was still moist with it, 00:04:38.740 --> 00:04:41.379 when a snake jumped out at us. 00:04:41.379 --> 00:04:44.579 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 00:04:44.579 --> 00:04:46.220 "Kill it." 00:04:46.220 --> 00:04:47.740 We rushed toward it, 00:04:47.740 --> 00:04:49.220 but it escaped. 00:04:49.220 --> 00:04:52.579 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 00:04:52.579 --> 00:04:57.860 "It was protected from your evil, just as you were protected from its evil." 00:05:01.300 --> 00:05:02.540 "While" (baynama): 00:05:02.540 --> 00:05:05.930 An adverb of time indicating suddenness. 00:05:05.930 --> 00:05:07.209 "In a cave": 00:05:07.250 --> 00:05:08.129 The cave: 00:05:08.129 --> 00:05:10.209 A hollow in the mountain. 00:05:10.209 --> 00:05:11.649 "Reciting it": 00:05:11.649 --> 00:05:13.639 Meaning reading it. 00:05:13.639 --> 00:05:15.360 "Receiving it": 00:05:15.360 --> 00:05:17.639 Meaning learning it directly. 00:05:17.639 --> 00:05:18.759 "From his mouth": 00:05:18.759 --> 00:05:20.399 Meaning from his lips. 00:05:20.399 --> 00:05:22.160 "Moist with it": 00:05:22.160 --> 00:05:25.000 Meaning his saliva had not yet dried from reciting it. 00:05:25.000 --> 00:05:26.079 "Jumped out": 00:05:26.079 --> 00:05:27.680 Meaning it emerged. 00:05:27.680 --> 00:05:29.360 "We rushed toward it": 00:05:29.360 --> 00:05:32.279 Meaning we hurried to kill it. 00:05:32.279 --> 00:05:33.480 "Protected": 00:05:33.480 --> 00:05:36.389 Meaning saved and prevented. 00:05:36.389 --> 00:05:40.100 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:05:40.100 --> 00:05:42.019 It is derived from the hadith: 00:05:42.019 --> 00:05:45.259 That the Qur'an is acquired through oral transmission. 00:05:45.259 --> 00:05:49.889 It indicates the legitimacy of killing a snake both outside and inside the Sacred Precinct. 00:05:49.889 --> 00:05:56.819 It indicates that one should not pursue snakes if they have fled. 00:05:56.819 --> 00:06:02.339 Narrated by 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), the wife of the Prophet (peace be upon him): 00:06:02.339 --> 00:06:05.339 That the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:06:05.339 --> 00:06:07.980 called the gecko a 'fuwaysiq' (little transgressor), 00:06:08.019 --> 00:06:11.620 but I did not hear him command its killing. 00:06:11.620 --> 00:06:15.040 Commentary on the hadith: 00:06:15.040 --> 00:06:16.319 The gecko (al-wazagh): 00:06:16.319 --> 00:06:19.519 It is what is called 'sam abras' (house lizard). 00:06:19.519 --> 00:06:22.160 It is found on walls and ceilings. 00:06:22.160 --> 00:06:25.149 It has a sound it makes. 00:06:25.149 --> 00:06:28.910 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:06:28.910 --> 00:06:31.069 It is derived from the hadith: 00:06:31.069 --> 00:06:33.589 The legitimacy of killing the gecko. 00:06:33.589 --> 00:06:40.180 It indicates the permissibility of killing any harmful animal. 00:06:40.220 --> 00:06:43.360 Chapter: Cupping (hijama) for one in the state of ihram. 00:06:43.360 --> 00:06:46.519 Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both): 00:06:46.519 --> 00:06:51.240 That the Prophet (peace be upon him) underwent cupping while he was in the state of ihram, 00:06:51.240 --> 00:06:54.089 and he underwent cupping while he was fasting. 00:06:54.089 --> 00:06:55.529 In a narration: 00:06:55.529 --> 00:06:57.689 On his head while he was in the state of ihram, 00:06:57.689 --> 00:06:59.769 due to a pain he had, 00:06:59.769 --> 00:07:03.430 at a place called Lahy Jamal. 00:07:03.430 --> 00:07:05.829 Narrated by 'Abdullah ibn Buhaynah: 00:07:05.829 --> 00:07:09.430 That the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) underwent cupping 00:07:09.430 --> 00:07:12.430 at Lahy Jamal on the road to Makkah, 00:07:12.430 --> 00:07:16.560 while he was in the state of ihram, in the middle of his head. 00:07:16.560 --> 00:07:19.910 Commentary on the hadith: 00:07:19.910 --> 00:07:21.269 "Underwent cupping": 00:07:21.269 --> 00:07:22.509 Cupping (hijama): 00:07:22.509 --> 00:07:24.829 Extracting corrupt blood from the body 00:07:24.829 --> 00:07:27.350 through specific methods. 00:07:27.350 --> 00:07:28.910 "At Lahy Jamal": 00:07:28.910 --> 00:07:31.910 It is a location between Madinah and Makkah. 00:07:31.910 --> 00:07:34.980 It is closer to Madinah. 00:07:34.980 --> 00:07:38.529 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:07:38.529 --> 00:07:40.529 It is derived from the hadith: 00:07:40.569 --> 00:07:43.250 The permissibility of cupping for one in the state of ihram. 00:07:43.250 --> 00:07:47.449 It indicates the permissibility of phlebotomy, lancing a wound, extracting a tooth, 00:07:47.449 --> 00:07:53.160 and other forms of medical treatment. 00:07:53.160 --> 00:07:56.180 Chapter: Marriage of one in the state of ihram. 00:07:56.180 --> 00:07:58.579 Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas, he said: 00:07:58.579 --> 00:08:03.779 The Prophet (peace be upon him) married Maymunah while he was in the state of ihram, 00:08:03.779 --> 00:08:06.459 and he consummated the marriage with her while he was no longer in ihram. 00:08:06.459 --> 00:08:09.480 She died at Sarif. 00:08:09.480 --> 00:08:12.860 Commentary on the hadith: 00:08:12.860 --> 00:08:14.259 "While he was in the state of ihram": 00:08:14.259 --> 00:08:16.579 Meaning during the 'Umrat al-Qada'. 00:08:16.579 --> 00:08:18.180 "Consummated the marriage": 00:08:18.180 --> 00:08:21.470 A metaphor for having marital relations. 00:08:21.470 --> 00:08:22.629 "At Sarif": 00:08:22.629 --> 00:08:25.550 It is a valley among the valleys of Makkah. 00:08:25.550 --> 00:08:27.550 This hadith is a misconception. 00:08:27.550 --> 00:08:32.950 For the Prophet (peace be upon him) married Maymunah (may Allah be pleased with her) 00:08:32.950 --> 00:08:36.399 while he was not in the state of ihram. 00:08:36.399 --> 00:08:40.100 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:08:40.100 --> 00:08:41.940 It is derived from the hadith: 00:08:41.940 --> 00:08:45.700 That one in the state of ihram should not propose marriage nor marry. 00:08:45.700 --> 00:08:51.019 It clarifies that a marriage contract while in ihram is contrary to the purpose for which ihram was established. 00:08:51.019 --> 00:08:54.820 Even if marriage is an act of worship in other circumstances, 00:08:54.820 --> 00:09:00.419 this state is incompatible with it. 00:09:00.419 --> 00:09:04.129 Chapter: Bathing for one in the state of ihram. 00:09:04.129 --> 00:09:06.370 Narrated by 'Abdullah ibn Hunayn: 00:09:06.370 --> 00:09:12.259 That 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas and al-Miswar ibn Makhramah differed at al-Abwa'. 00:09:12.259 --> 00:09:14.700 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas said: 00:09:14.700 --> 00:09:17.100 "The person in ihram may wash his head." 00:09:17.100 --> 00:09:18.820 Al-Miswar said: 00:09:18.820 --> 00:09:21.519 "The person in ihram may not wash his head." 00:09:21.519 --> 00:09:26.559 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas sent me to Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, 00:09:26.559 --> 00:09:29.559 and I found him bathing between the two pillars, 00:09:29.559 --> 00:09:31.879 while he was covering himself with a cloth. 00:09:31.879 --> 00:09:33.759 I greeted him, 00:09:33.759 --> 00:09:36.559 and he asked, "Who is this?" 00:09:36.559 --> 00:09:37.720 I said: 00:09:37.720 --> 00:09:40.240 "I am 'Abdullah ibn Hunayn, 00:09:40.240 --> 00:09:43.600 sent to you by 'Abdullah ibn 'Abbas 00:09:43.639 --> 00:09:47.799 to ask you how the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:09:47.799 --> 00:09:50.820 used to wash his head while in the state of ihram." 00:09:50.820 --> 00:09:54.059 Abu Ayyub placed his hand on the cloth 00:09:54.059 --> 00:09:57.539 and lowered it until his head appeared to me. 00:09:57.539 --> 00:10:00.460 Then he said to someone pouring water on him: 00:10:00.460 --> 00:10:01.740 Pour [water]. 00:10:01.740 --> 00:10:03.940 He poured it over his head. 00:10:03.940 --> 00:10:06.139 Then he moved his head with his hands. 00:10:06.139 --> 00:10:08.580 Moving them forward and backward. 00:10:08.580 --> 00:10:09.899 And he said: 00:10:09.940 --> 00:10:15.200 "This is how I saw the Prophet, peace be upon him, do it." 00:10:15.200 --> 00:10:18.620 Commentary on the hadith: 00:10:18.620 --> 00:10:19.940 "At al-Abwa’": 00:10:19.940 --> 00:10:23.139 It is a place near Makkah. 00:10:23.139 --> 00:10:24.820 "Between the two horns": 00:10:24.820 --> 00:10:27.059 Meaning between the two sides of the well. 00:10:27.059 --> 00:10:28.500 "The two horns": 00:10:28.500 --> 00:10:31.940 These are the two sides of the structure built over the mouth of the well. 00:10:31.940 --> 00:10:35.279 The wood for the pulley is placed upon them. 00:10:35.279 --> 00:10:38.360 "The garment," meaning that which covers him. 00:10:38.360 --> 00:10:39.679 "He lowered it": 00:10:39.720 --> 00:10:42.909 Meaning he lowered it and removed it from his head. 00:10:42.909 --> 00:10:45.269 "It appeared," meaning it became visible. 00:10:45.269 --> 00:10:47.710 "He pours," meaning the water. 00:10:47.710 --> 00:10:51.830 "Moving them forward," meaning toward the front of the head. 00:10:51.830 --> 00:10:55.990 "And backward," meaning toward the back of the head. 00:10:55.990 --> 00:10:59.570 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:10:59.570 --> 00:11:01.570 It is derived from the hadith: 00:11:01.570 --> 00:11:05.889 The legitimacy of debating legal rulings and issues of fiqh. 00:11:05.889 --> 00:11:09.690 And referring them to the scholars who are knowledgeable about them. 00:11:09.730 --> 00:11:12.450 And the ruling in that is the textual evidence. 00:11:12.450 --> 00:11:15.320 It contains the acceptance of a report from a single narrator. 00:11:15.320 --> 00:11:21.009 It demonstrates the fairness of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, toward one another. 00:11:21.009 --> 00:11:24.610 It shows that if the Companions differed on an issue, 00:11:24.610 --> 00:11:27.570 The argument does not lie in the opinion of any one of them, 00:11:27.570 --> 00:11:32.570 Except with evidence that must be accepted from the Qur'an or the Sunnah. 00:11:32.570 --> 00:11:38.129 It contains the legitimacy of covering the person bathing with a garment or similar item during the bath. 00:11:38.169 --> 00:11:41.529 It contains the permissibility of seeking assistance in purification. 00:11:41.529 --> 00:11:45.289 It contains the permissibility of speaking and greeting while in the state of purification. 00:11:45.289 --> 00:11:49.440 However, one must preserve the private parts and lower the gaze. 00:11:49.440 --> 00:11:53.600 It shows that demonstrating with action is more effective on the soul. 00:11:53.600 --> 00:11:58.200 It shows that the one who has memorized [a ruling] is an authority over the one who has not. 00:11:58.200 --> 00:12:03.000 It shows that a person in ihram may wash his head and body and clean them. 00:12:05.600 --> 00:12:09.230 Chapter: Wearing weapons while in ihram. 00:12:09.269 --> 00:12:12.509 On the authority of al-Bara’, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:12:12.509 --> 00:12:17.149 When the Prophet, peace be upon him, performed 'Umrah in Dhu al-Qa'dah, 00:12:17.149 --> 00:12:20.830 The people of Makkah refused to let him enter Makkah, 00:12:20.830 --> 00:12:25.899 Until he reached a settlement with them to stay there for three days. 00:12:25.899 --> 00:12:28.220 When they wrote the document, 00:12:28.220 --> 00:12:33.539 They wrote: "This is what Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, has agreed upon." 00:12:33.539 --> 00:12:37.179 They said: "We do not acknowledge this for you." 00:12:37.220 --> 00:12:41.990 "If we knew you were the Messenger of Allah, we would not have denied you anything." 00:12:41.990 --> 00:12:46.590 In one narration: "We would not have denied you, nor would we have fought you." 00:12:46.590 --> 00:12:50.179 In another narration: "We would not have fought you." 00:12:50.179 --> 00:12:53.659 "But you are Muhammad ibn 'Abdullah." 00:12:53.659 --> 00:12:59.559 He said: "I am the Messenger of Allah, and I am Muhammad ibn 'Abdullah." 00:12:59.559 --> 00:13:03.519 Then he said to 'Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:13:03.519 --> 00:13:05.679 "Erase 'Messenger of Allah'." 00:13:05.720 --> 00:13:10.519 'Ali said: "No, by Allah, I will never erase it." 00:13:10.519 --> 00:13:14.799 So the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, took the document, 00:13:14.799 --> 00:13:17.370 And he did not know how to write. 00:13:17.370 --> 00:13:21.370 In one narration, he said: "Show it to me." 00:13:21.370 --> 00:13:24.330 He said: So he showed it to him. 00:13:24.330 --> 00:13:28.779 The Prophet, peace be upon him, erased it with his own hand. 00:13:28.779 --> 00:13:34.220 Then he wrote: "This is what Muhammad ibn 'Abdullah has agreed upon." 00:13:34.259 --> 00:13:39.519 "He shall not enter Makkah with weapons, except for the sword in its scabbard." 00:13:39.519 --> 00:13:45.159 In one narration: "And he shall not enter it except with the weapons carried in bags." 00:13:45.159 --> 00:13:50.500 "And he shall not take anyone from its people if they wish to follow him." 00:13:50.500 --> 00:13:55.120 In one narration: "And he shall not invite any of them." 00:13:55.120 --> 00:14:01.279 In one narration: "On the condition that whoever comes to him from the polytheists, he will return them to them." 00:14:01.320 --> 00:14:05.059 "And whoever comes to him from the Muslims, they will not return them." 00:14:05.059 --> 00:14:10.500 In one narration: Abu Jandal came, limping in his chains, 00:14:10.500 --> 00:14:13.019 And he returned him to them. 00:14:13.019 --> 00:14:18.740 "And he shall not prevent any of his companions if they wish to stay there." 00:14:18.740 --> 00:14:21.659 When he entered it and the time limit passed, 00:14:21.659 --> 00:14:27.340 They came to 'Ali and said: "Tell your companion to leave us," 00:14:27.340 --> 00:14:29.669 "For the time limit has passed." 00:14:29.710 --> 00:14:33.029 So the Prophet, peace be upon him, left. 00:14:33.029 --> 00:14:36.470 The daughter of Hamzah followed him, calling out: 00:14:36.470 --> 00:14:38.870 "O Uncle! O Uncle!" 00:14:38.870 --> 00:14:42.350 'Ali took her and held her hand. 00:14:42.350 --> 00:14:45.309 And he said to Fatimah, peace be upon her: 00:14:45.309 --> 00:14:47.620 "Take your cousin." 00:14:47.620 --> 00:14:49.419 She took her. 00:14:49.419 --> 00:14:53.620 'Ali, Zayd, and Ja'far disputed over her. 00:14:53.620 --> 00:14:56.620 'Ali said: "I took her," 00:14:56.620 --> 00:14:58.740 "And she is my cousin." 00:14:58.740 --> 00:15:00.500 Ja'far said: 00:15:00.500 --> 00:15:01.940 "She is my cousin," 00:15:01.940 --> 00:15:04.299 "And her maternal aunt is my wife." 00:15:04.299 --> 00:15:05.860 Zayd said: 00:15:05.860 --> 00:15:07.740 "She is the daughter of my brother." 00:15:07.740 --> 00:15:12.419 The Prophet, peace be upon him, awarded her to her maternal aunt. 00:15:12.419 --> 00:15:13.740 And he said: 00:15:13.740 --> 00:15:16.659 "The maternal aunt is in the position of the mother." 00:15:16.659 --> 00:15:18.340 And he said to 'Ali: 00:15:18.340 --> 00:15:20.980 "You are from me and I am from you." 00:15:20.980 --> 00:15:22.820 And he said to Ja'far: 00:15:22.820 --> 00:15:25.700 "You resemble my appearance and my character." 00:15:25.700 --> 00:15:27.379 And he said to Zayd: 00:15:27.419 --> 00:15:30.389 "You are our brother and our freedman." 00:15:30.389 --> 00:15:31.990 'Ali said: 00:15:31.990 --> 00:15:34.980 "Will you not marry the daughter of Hamzah?" 00:15:34.980 --> 00:15:39.990 He said: "She is the daughter of my brother through breastfeeding." 00:15:39.990 --> 00:15:43.419 Commentary on the hadith: 00:15:43.419 --> 00:15:48.019 "When the Prophet, peace be upon him, performed 'Umrah in Dhu al-Qa'dah," 00:15:48.019 --> 00:15:51.269 Meaning in the sixth year of the Hijrah. 00:15:51.269 --> 00:15:52.350 "Refused," 00:15:52.350 --> 00:15:54.070 Meaning he abstained. 00:15:54.070 --> 00:15:55.190 "Let him," 00:15:55.190 --> 00:15:56.909 Meaning allow him. 00:15:56.909 --> 00:15:58.830 "Until he reached a settlement with them," 00:15:58.830 --> 00:16:01.549 Meaning he made peace and reached an agreement with them. 00:16:01.549 --> 00:16:03.269 "Wrote the document," 00:16:03.269 --> 00:16:06.139 Meaning the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah. 00:16:06.139 --> 00:16:08.500 "We do not acknowledge this for you," 00:16:08.500 --> 00:16:11.980 Meaning we do not recognize your messengership and prophethood. 00:16:11.980 --> 00:16:15.129 And we do not believe that you are the Messenger of Allah. 00:16:15.129 --> 00:16:16.289 "Denied you," 00:16:16.289 --> 00:16:18.090 Meaning we blocked you. 00:16:18.090 --> 00:16:20.330 "And he did not know how to write," 00:16:20.330 --> 00:16:21.450 The meaning: 00:16:21.450 --> 00:16:24.539 He was unlettered and did not know how to write. 00:16:24.539 --> 00:16:25.779 "So he wrote," 00:16:25.820 --> 00:16:31.220 It is said that the Prophet, peace be upon him, wrote it himself as a miracle. 00:16:31.220 --> 00:16:34.049 And it is said he ordered it to be written. 00:16:34.049 --> 00:16:35.730 "What he agreed upon," 00:16:35.730 --> 00:16:38.350 Meaning what he made peace with them upon. 00:16:38.350 --> 00:16:39.750 "He shall not enter," 00:16:39.750 --> 00:16:43.870 Meaning the Prophet, peace be upon him, and his companions. 00:16:43.870 --> 00:16:45.230 "In the scabbard," 00:16:45.230 --> 00:16:46.710 The scabbard of the sword, 00:16:46.710 --> 00:16:49.240 Meaning its sheath and casing. 00:16:49.240 --> 00:16:51.360 "He shall not take from its people," 00:16:51.360 --> 00:16:53.480 Meaning from the people of Makkah. 00:16:53.480 --> 00:16:54.879 "If they wish to follow," 00:16:54.879 --> 00:16:58.960 Meaning believing in the Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:16:58.960 --> 00:17:00.480 "From his companions," 00:17:00.480 --> 00:17:04.529 Meaning the companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:17:04.529 --> 00:17:06.369 "If they wish to stay there," 00:17:06.369 --> 00:17:08.809 Meaning to remain in Makkah. 00:17:08.809 --> 00:17:10.009 The meaning: 00:17:10.009 --> 00:17:13.420 To stay while abandoning the religion of Islam. 00:17:13.420 --> 00:17:15.299 "When he entered it," 00:17:15.299 --> 00:17:17.289 Meaning entered Makkah. 00:17:17.289 --> 00:17:18.890 "And the time limit passed," 00:17:18.890 --> 00:17:21.869 Meaning the agreed-upon time ended. 00:17:21.869 --> 00:17:22.789 "They came," 00:17:22.789 --> 00:17:24.579 Meaning they arrived. 00:17:24.619 --> 00:17:26.220 "The daughter of Hamzah," 00:17:26.220 --> 00:17:27.859 Her name was 'Amarah, 00:17:27.859 --> 00:17:29.460 And it is said Fatimah, 00:17:29.460 --> 00:17:31.650 And it is said otherwise. 00:17:31.650 --> 00:17:33.250 "He took her," 00:17:33.250 --> 00:17:35.099 Meaning he picked her up. 00:17:35.099 --> 00:17:37.059 "Take your cousin," 00:17:37.059 --> 00:17:40.099 Meaning take her and keep her with you. 00:17:40.099 --> 00:17:41.460 "They disputed," 00:17:41.460 --> 00:17:44.500 Meaning they argued over her guardianship. 00:17:44.500 --> 00:17:46.660 "And her maternal aunt is my wife," 00:17:46.660 --> 00:17:51.259 Her maternal aunt was the wife of Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:17:51.299 --> 00:17:55.890 Her name was Asma' bint 'Umays, may Allah be pleased with her. 00:17:55.890 --> 00:17:57.329 And Zayd said: 00:17:57.329 --> 00:17:58.809 "She is the daughter of my brother," 00:17:58.809 --> 00:18:04.170 Considering the brotherhood established between Zayd and Hamzah, may Allah be pleased with them. 00:18:04.170 --> 00:18:05.769 "He awarded her," 00:18:05.769 --> 00:18:07.910 Meaning he ruled in her favor. 00:18:07.910 --> 00:18:10.430 "The maternal aunt is in the position of the mother," 00:18:10.430 --> 00:18:15.359 Meaning in tenderness, compassion, and attending to the needs of the child. 00:18:15.359 --> 00:18:18.119 "She is the daughter of my brother through breastfeeding," 00:18:18.119 --> 00:18:21.319 That is because Thuwaybah, the freedwoman of Abu Lahab, 00:18:21.359 --> 00:18:24.519 Breastfed the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:18:24.519 --> 00:18:27.710 And Hamzah, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:18:27.710 --> 00:18:31.480 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:18:31.480 --> 00:18:33.519 It is derived from the hadith: 00:18:33.519 --> 00:18:36.599 The legitimacy of 'Umrah in Dhu al-Qa'dah. 00:18:36.599 --> 00:18:42.119 It contains the legitimacy of making up an 'Umrah if the performer is prevented by an obstacle. 00:18:42.119 --> 00:18:47.400 It demonstrates the intensity of the Companions' love for the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:18:47.400 --> 00:18:49.829 And their reverence for him. 00:18:49.869 --> 00:18:55.109 It contains the encouragement to fulfill covenants and conditions with all people. 00:18:55.109 --> 00:18:59.430 It contains the legitimacy of disputing over the guardianship of a child. 00:18:59.430 --> 00:19:03.230 It shows that the default in guardianship is that it belongs to the mother, 00:19:03.230 --> 00:19:07.339 Due to the perfection of her compassion and her attention to the child's needs. 00:19:07.339 --> 00:19:12.140 The hadith indicates that the maternal aunt has a right to guardianship, 00:19:12.140 --> 00:19:15.059 Due to his saying, peace be upon him: 00:19:15.059 --> 00:19:17.859 "The maternal aunt is in the position of the mother." 00:19:17.900 --> 00:19:22.380 It contains that what is forbidden by lineage is also forbidden by breastfeeding. 00:19:22.380 --> 00:19:27.930 So the brother's daughter through breastfeeding is forbidden just as the brother's daughter through lineage. 00:19:27.930 --> 00:19:33.690 It shows the Prophet's, peace be upon him, concern for comforting everyone's hearts, 00:19:33.690 --> 00:19:36.410 Each person in a way that suits them. 00:19:36.410 --> 00:19:41.210 The hadith contains a noble merit for 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:19:41.210 --> 00:19:45.569 It contains a merit for Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:19:45.609 --> 00:19:50.400 Through the Prophet's praise of his character. 00:19:50.400 --> 00:19:54.039 It emphasizes the brotherhood of Islam. 00:19:54.039 --> 00:19:58.559 It shows that it is legitimate for someone who has a female relative by lineage, 00:19:58.559 --> 00:20:03.859 To offer her to righteous and suitable people for marriage. 00:20:03.859 --> 00:20:09.059 The hadith indicates that if guardians are equal in merit, 00:20:09.059 --> 00:20:14.920 The one closest in lineage from the mother's side is given priority. 00:20:14.960 --> 00:20:19.539 Chapter: Entering the Sacred Precinct and Makkah without ihram. 00:20:19.539 --> 00:20:22.660 On the authority of Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:20:22.660 --> 00:20:27.220 That the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, entered in the year of the Conquest, 00:20:27.220 --> 00:20:29.779 And on his head was a helmet. 00:20:29.779 --> 00:20:33.859 When he removed it, a man came and said: 00:20:33.859 --> 00:20:38.019 Ibn Khatal was clinging to the curtains of the Ka'bah. 00:20:38.019 --> 00:20:41.539 He said, "Kill him." 00:20:41.539 --> 00:20:44.910 Commentary on the hadith: 00:20:44.950 --> 00:20:50.029 The *maghfar* is a chainmail headpiece woven to fit the head. 00:20:50.029 --> 00:20:54.809 "Removing it" means he took it off. 00:20:54.809 --> 00:21:01.619 The man is Abu Barzah Nadlah Ibn 'Ubayd al-Aslami, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:21:01.619 --> 00:21:06.819 Ibn Khatal’s name was 'Abdullah, though it is said otherwise. 00:21:06.819 --> 00:21:10.539 "Clinging" means holding fast and seeking refuge. 00:21:10.539 --> 00:21:14.440 "To the curtains of the Ka'bah" means its covering. 00:21:14.480 --> 00:21:18.599 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had ordered the execution of Ibn Khatal. 00:21:18.599 --> 00:21:21.480 This is because he had apostatized and killed a Muslim. 00:21:21.480 --> 00:21:26.099 He also used to satirize the Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:21:26.099 --> 00:21:29.740 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:21:29.740 --> 00:21:31.859 It is derived from the hadith: 00:21:31.859 --> 00:21:36.220 The permissibility of carrying out legal punishments and retribution within the sanctuary of Makkah. 00:21:36.220 --> 00:21:42.660 It also establishes the legitimacy of wearing a helmet and other forms of armor when fearing an enemy. 00:21:42.660 --> 00:21:45.619 And that this does not contradict reliance upon Allah (tawakkul). 00:21:45.660 --> 00:21:50.299 It also permits reporting the activities of corrupt individuals to those in authority. 00:21:50.299 --> 00:21:57.019 This does not constitute forbidden backbiting or slander. 00:21:57.019 --> 00:22:00.059 Chapter: Hajj and Vows on Behalf of the Deceased. 00:22:00.059 --> 00:22:04.019 A man may perform Hajj on behalf of a woman. 00:22:04.019 --> 00:22:07.099 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both: 00:22:07.099 --> 00:22:12.859 A woman from Juhaynah came to the Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:22:12.859 --> 00:22:14.299 She said: 00:22:14.299 --> 00:22:15.980 "My mother..." 00:22:15.980 --> 00:22:17.500 In another narration: 00:22:17.539 --> 00:22:22.299 A man came to the Prophet, peace be upon him, and said to him: 00:22:22.299 --> 00:22:23.980 "My sister..." 00:22:23.980 --> 00:22:26.059 "...vowed to perform Hajj." 00:22:26.059 --> 00:22:29.140 "She did not perform it until she died." 00:22:29.140 --> 00:22:31.509 "Should I perform Hajj on her behalf?" 00:22:31.509 --> 00:22:32.549 He said: 00:22:32.549 --> 00:22:35.490 "Yes, perform Hajj on her behalf." 00:22:35.490 --> 00:22:40.349 "Tell me, if your mother had a debt, would you pay it off?" 00:22:40.349 --> 00:22:41.990 "Pay off the debt owed to Allah." 00:22:41.990 --> 00:22:45.940 "For Allah is more deserving of fulfillment." 00:22:45.940 --> 00:22:49.660 Commentary on the hadith: 00:22:49.660 --> 00:22:50.940 "A woman": 00:22:50.940 --> 00:22:54.079 She is Ghathiyah, may Allah be pleased with her. 00:22:54.079 --> 00:22:55.200 Juhaynah: 00:22:55.200 --> 00:22:58.859 It is a tribe of the Yemeni Quda'ah. 00:22:58.859 --> 00:23:00.019 "Pay off": 00:23:00.019 --> 00:23:02.299 Meaning, pay off the debt. 00:23:02.299 --> 00:23:03.420 "More deserving": 00:23:03.420 --> 00:23:05.450 Meaning, more entitled. 00:23:05.450 --> 00:23:09.119 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:23:09.119 --> 00:23:11.440 It is derived from the hadith: 00:23:11.440 --> 00:23:14.640 The permissibility of a woman performing Hajj on behalf of her mother. 00:23:14.640 --> 00:23:18.319 It establishes the legitimacy of using analogy and parables. 00:23:18.359 --> 00:23:22.160 It is clearer and more impactful for the listener. 00:23:22.160 --> 00:23:24.400 It contains a comparison that is a matter of scholarly discussion. 00:23:24.400 --> 00:23:27.309 It clarifies what is agreed upon. 00:23:27.309 --> 00:23:31.470 It is recommended for the one issuing a legal opinion (mufti) to point out the reasoning behind the ruling. 00:23:31.470 --> 00:23:34.430 If there is a benefit in doing so. 00:23:34.430 --> 00:23:38.549 It is more comforting to the questioner and more conducive to their compliance. 00:23:38.549 --> 00:23:43.309 It provides guidance on honoring parents after their death. 00:23:43.309 --> 00:23:45.710 It permits a woman to seek a legal opinion. 00:23:45.710 --> 00:23:50.509 From people of knowledge when the need arises. 00:23:50.509 --> 00:23:53.849 Chapter: The Hajj of Children. 00:23:53.849 --> 00:23:56.650 On the authority of al-Sa'ib Ibn Yazid, who said: 00:23:56.650 --> 00:24:01.269 "I performed Hajj with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him." 00:24:01.269 --> 00:24:02.750 In another narration: 00:24:02.750 --> 00:24:08.309 "He was taken for Hajj during the time of the Prophet, peace be upon him." 00:24:08.309 --> 00:24:11.690 "And I was seven years old." 00:24:11.690 --> 00:24:15.029 Commentary on the hadith: 00:24:15.029 --> 00:24:16.309 "I performed Hajj": 00:24:16.349 --> 00:24:20.230 Meaning his parents, or one of them, took him for Hajj. 00:24:20.230 --> 00:24:21.630 "During the time": 00:24:21.630 --> 00:24:25.920 Meaning the travel gear and the luggage of the travelers. 00:24:25.920 --> 00:24:29.720 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:24:29.720 --> 00:24:31.799 It is derived from the hadith: 00:24:31.799 --> 00:24:34.200 Accustoming a child to acts of worship. 00:24:34.200 --> 00:24:36.710 And the reward for it is written for him. 00:24:36.710 --> 00:24:43.130 It also establishes the validity of a discerning child hearing and transmitting knowledge. 00:24:43.130 --> 00:24:46.190 Chapter: The Hajj of Women. 00:24:46.190 --> 00:24:48.509 On the authority of 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:24:48.509 --> 00:24:52.390 That he gave permission to the wives of the Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:24:52.390 --> 00:24:55.390 During the last Hajj he performed. 00:24:55.390 --> 00:24:58.589 He sent 'Uthman Ibn 'Affan with them. 00:24:58.589 --> 00:25:02.089 And 'Abd al-Rahman Ibn 'Awf. 00:25:02.089 --> 00:25:05.740 Commentary on the hadith: 00:25:05.740 --> 00:25:09.660 "He gave permission to the wives of the Prophet, peace be upon him": 00:25:09.660 --> 00:25:14.920 Meaning he allowed and granted them leave for their journey for the purpose of Hajj. 00:25:14.920 --> 00:25:18.720 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:25:18.720 --> 00:25:20.759 It is derived from the hadith: 00:25:20.799 --> 00:25:27.589 The need for women to have the permission of their guardian for their departure for Hajj and other matters. 00:25:27.589 --> 00:25:34.460 It establishes the requirement of a mahram for a woman if she intends to travel. 00:25:34.460 --> 00:25:38.059 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:25:38.059 --> 00:25:41.380 The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 00:25:41.380 --> 00:25:45.460 "A woman shall not travel except with a mahram." 00:25:45.460 --> 00:25:50.299 "And no man shall enter upon her unless she has a mahram with her." 00:25:50.339 --> 00:25:53.700 A man said, "O Messenger of Allah," 00:25:53.700 --> 00:25:57.900 "I intend to go out with such-and-such army," 00:25:57.900 --> 00:26:00.460 "And my wife intends to perform Hajj." 00:26:00.460 --> 00:26:03.859 He said, "Go with her." 00:26:03.859 --> 00:26:08.900 In another narration, "I was registered for such-and-such expedition." 00:26:08.900 --> 00:26:13.930 He said, "Return and perform Hajj with your wife." 00:26:13.930 --> 00:26:17.420 Commentary on the hadith: 00:26:17.420 --> 00:26:18.980 "Mahram": 00:26:19.980 --> 00:26:24.269 One with whom marriage is permanently forbidden for the woman. 00:26:24.269 --> 00:26:28.259 "Go with her": Meaning to Hajj. 00:26:31.890 --> 00:26:33.769 It is derived from the hadith: 00:26:33.769 --> 00:26:37.769 That a woman may not travel except with a mahram. 00:26:37.769 --> 00:26:42.230 It establishes the requirement of a mahram for Hajj to be obligatory upon a woman. 00:26:42.230 --> 00:26:47.470 It shows that a man performing Hajj with his wife, if she intends to perform the obligatory Hajj, 00:26:47.470 --> 00:26:50.309 Is more important than his travel for jihad. 00:26:50.430 --> 00:26:54.460 It establishes the prohibition of being in seclusion with a non-mahram woman. 00:26:54.460 --> 00:27:00.630 It establishes prioritizing the more important of two conflicting matters. 00:27:00.630 --> 00:27:04.970 Chapter: One Who Vows to Walk to the Ka'bah. 00:27:04.970 --> 00:27:07.329 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:27:07.329 --> 00:27:10.009 That the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:27:10.009 --> 00:27:13.400 Saw an old man being supported by his two sons. 00:27:13.400 --> 00:27:16.559 He asked, "What is the matter with this man?" 00:27:16.559 --> 00:27:19.920 They said, "He vowed to walk." 00:27:20.880 --> 00:27:25.160 "Allah has no need for this man to torture himself." 00:27:25.160 --> 00:27:28.609 And he ordered him to ride. 00:27:32.049 --> 00:27:35.220 Chapter: One Who Vows to Walk to the Ka'bah. 00:27:35.220 --> 00:27:43.539 A vow is when a person binds themselves to an act of worship, such as charity, sacrifice, and the like. 00:27:43.539 --> 00:27:46.660 "An old man": He is Abu Isra'il. 00:27:46.660 --> 00:27:48.339 His name is Yusayr. 00:27:48.339 --> 00:27:50.019 It is also said Qushayr. 00:27:50.140 --> 00:27:52.380 And it is said otherwise. 00:27:52.380 --> 00:27:57.539 "Being supported": Meaning walking between two people, leaning on them. 00:27:57.539 --> 00:28:01.740 "What is the matter with this man?": Meaning what is his situation? 00:28:01.740 --> 00:28:05.190 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:28:05.190 --> 00:28:07.309 It is derived from the hadith: 00:28:07.309 --> 00:28:12.910 The permissibility of riding if the one who made the vow is unable to walk to the House of Allah. 00:28:12.910 --> 00:28:18.450 It establishes that there is no obligation when there is incapacity. 00:28:18.450 --> 00:28:21.250 On the authority of 'Uqbah Ibn 'Amir, who said: 00:28:21.289 --> 00:28:24.930 "My sister vowed to walk to the House of Allah." 00:28:24.930 --> 00:28:30.250 "And she ordered me to ask the Prophet, peace be upon him, for a legal opinion on her behalf." 00:28:30.250 --> 00:28:32.009 So I asked him for a legal opinion. 00:28:32.009 --> 00:28:34.930 The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 00:28:34.930 --> 00:28:38.180 "Let her walk and ride." 00:28:38.180 --> 00:28:41.569 Commentary on the hadith: 00:28:41.569 --> 00:28:48.579 "My sister": She is Umm Habbanah Bint 'Amir al-Ansariyyah, may Allah be pleased with her. 00:28:48.579 --> 00:28:53.730 "Ask for a legal opinion on her behalf": Meaning ask for the ruling for her. 00:28:53.730 --> 00:28:57.420 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:28:57.420 --> 00:28:59.500 It is derived from the hadith: 00:28:59.500 --> 00:29:03.059 The legitimacy of appointing a representative to seek a legal opinion. 00:29:03.059 --> 00:29:06.740 It establishes that hardship brings about ease.