WEBVTT 00:00:00.850 --> 00:00:04.799 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:04.799 --> 00:00:11.939 The life of the salaf between speech and action. 00:00:11.939 --> 00:00:13.439 Modesty. 00:00:13.439 --> 00:00:18.309 Modesty before Allah. 00:00:18.309 --> 00:00:22.809 Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, once addressed the people and said: 00:00:22.809 --> 00:00:25.309 "O assembly of Muslims, 00:00:25.309 --> 00:00:28.309 show modesty before Allah, the Almighty and Majestic. 00:00:28.309 --> 00:00:30.309 For by Him in whose hand is my soul, 00:00:30.309 --> 00:00:34.810 I remain, when I go to relieve myself in the open, 00:00:34.810 --> 00:00:40.420 covered by my garment out of modesty before my Lord, the Almighty and Majestic." 00:00:40.420 --> 00:00:43.420 Abu Musa, may Allah be pleased with him, also said: 00:00:43.420 --> 00:00:46.420 "I bathe in a dark room, 00:00:46.420 --> 00:00:49.920 and I do not straighten my back while taking my garment, 00:00:49.920 --> 00:00:53.799 out of modesty before my Lord, the Almighty and Majestic." 00:00:53.799 --> 00:00:57.299 Abu Sulayman al-Darani, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:00:57.299 --> 00:01:00.799 "If a servant feels modesty before my Lord, the Almighty and Majestic, 00:01:00.799 --> 00:01:05.409 then he has attained complete goodness." 00:01:05.409 --> 00:01:07.409 Modesty before people. 00:01:09.420 --> 00:01:14.420 Zayd ibn Thabit, may Allah be pleased with him, went out intending to attend the Friday prayer, 00:01:14.420 --> 00:01:17.420 but he met people returning [from it]. 00:01:17.420 --> 00:01:20.420 He entered a house, and it was said to him: 00:01:20.420 --> 00:01:22.420 "Are you shy before the people?" 00:01:22.420 --> 00:01:23.920 He replied: 00:01:23.920 --> 00:01:26.920 "Indeed, whoever is not modest before people, 00:01:26.920 --> 00:01:28.920 will not be modest before Allah." 00:01:28.920 --> 00:01:33.430 Salman, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 00:01:33.430 --> 00:01:38.430 "When Allah, the Almighty, intends evil or destruction for a servant, 00:01:38.430 --> 00:01:40.430 He strips modesty from him. 00:01:40.430 --> 00:01:44.430 Then you will find him only hateful and hated. 00:01:44.430 --> 00:01:47.430 Once he is hateful and hated, 00:01:47.430 --> 00:01:49.430 mercy is stripped from him. 00:01:49.430 --> 00:01:52.930 Then you will find him only harsh and callous. 00:01:52.930 --> 00:01:54.930 Once he is like that, 00:01:54.930 --> 00:01:57.430 trustworthiness is stripped from him. 00:01:57.430 --> 00:02:01.430 Then you will find him only treacherous and a traitor. 00:02:01.430 --> 00:02:03.430 Once he is like that, 00:02:03.430 --> 00:02:06.430 the bond of Islam is stripped from his neck, 00:02:06.430 --> 00:02:09.719 and he becomes accursed and a source of cursing." 00:02:09.719 --> 00:02:11.719 Some wise men said: 00:02:11.719 --> 00:02:14.719 "Whoever is clothed in the garment of modesty, 00:02:14.719 --> 00:02:16.719 people will not see his faults." 00:02:16.719 --> 00:02:19.129 A poet said: 00:02:19.129 --> 00:02:22.259 "If you do not fear the consequence of the nights, 00:02:22.259 --> 00:02:26.259 and you have no modesty, then do as you wish. 00:02:26.259 --> 00:02:29.259 By Allah, there is no good in life, 00:02:29.259 --> 00:02:33.289 and no world, once modesty is gone. 00:02:33.289 --> 00:02:36.289 A person lives well as long as he has modesty, 00:02:36.289 --> 00:02:39.289 just as a branch remains as long as its bark remains." 00:02:39.289 --> 00:02:44.150 Modesty before one's own self. 00:02:44.150 --> 00:02:47.560 Some wise men said: 00:02:47.560 --> 00:02:50.560 "Let your modesty before your own self 00:02:50.560 --> 00:02:54.129 be greater than your modesty before others." 00:02:54.129 --> 00:02:56.129 Some scholars of etiquette said: 00:02:56.129 --> 00:02:58.129 "Whoever performs an act in secret 00:02:58.129 --> 00:03:01.129 that he would be ashamed of in public, 00:03:01.129 --> 00:03:04.129 then his own self has no value to him." 00:03:04.129 --> 00:03:09.469 Generosity, munificence, and altruism. 00:03:09.469 --> 00:03:14.159 'Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:03:14.159 --> 00:03:17.159 "Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, embraced Islam 00:03:17.159 --> 00:03:20.159 while possessing forty thousand dirhams." 00:03:20.159 --> 00:03:23.159 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, informed me, 00:03:23.159 --> 00:03:26.159 saying: "Abu Bakr passed away 00:03:26.159 --> 00:03:30.479 and did not leave behind a single dinar or dirham." 00:03:30.479 --> 00:03:33.479 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, took 00:03:33.479 --> 00:03:35.479 four hundred dinars, 00:03:35.479 --> 00:03:37.479 placed them in a pouch, 00:03:37.479 --> 00:03:39.479 and said to his servant: 00:03:39.479 --> 00:03:44.479 "Take this to Abu 'Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah, may Allah be pleased with him." 00:03:44.479 --> 00:03:46.479 The servant went, 00:03:46.479 --> 00:03:47.479 and said: 00:03:47.479 --> 00:03:50.479 "The Commander of the Faithful says to you: 00:03:50.479 --> 00:03:53.680 'Use this for some of your needs.'" 00:03:53.680 --> 00:03:54.680 He said: 00:03:54.680 --> 00:03:57.680 "May Allah join him [to goodness] and have mercy on him." 00:03:57.680 --> 00:03:58.680 Then he said: 00:03:58.680 --> 00:04:00.680 "Come here, slave girl, 00:04:00.680 --> 00:04:03.680 take these seven to so-and-so, 00:04:03.680 --> 00:04:06.680 and these five to so-and-so, 00:04:06.680 --> 00:04:09.680 and these five to so-and-so," 00:04:09.680 --> 00:04:11.680 until he had spent it all. 00:04:11.680 --> 00:04:13.770 The servant returned to 'Umar 00:04:13.770 --> 00:04:14.770 and informed him. 00:04:14.770 --> 00:04:18.769 He found that he had prepared the same amount for Mu'adh ibn Jabal. 00:04:18.769 --> 00:04:20.769 He said: 00:04:20.769 --> 00:04:24.769 "Take this to Mu'adh ibn Jabal, may Allah be pleased with him." 00:04:24.769 --> 00:04:26.769 He went to him with it. 00:04:26.769 --> 00:04:27.769 He said: 00:04:27.769 --> 00:04:30.769 "The Commander of the Faithful says to you: 00:04:30.769 --> 00:04:33.769 'Use this for some of your needs.'" 00:04:33.769 --> 00:04:34.769 He said: 00:04:34.769 --> 00:04:37.769 "May Allah have mercy on him and join him [to goodness]." 00:04:37.769 --> 00:04:39.769 "Come here, slave girl, 00:04:39.769 --> 00:04:42.769 take this much to the house of so-and-so, 00:04:42.769 --> 00:04:46.839 take this much to the house of so-and-so." 00:04:46.839 --> 00:04:48.839 His wife came out 00:04:48.839 --> 00:04:49.839 and said: 00:04:49.839 --> 00:04:51.839 "By Allah, we are also needy, 00:04:51.839 --> 00:04:53.839 so give us something." 00:04:53.839 --> 00:04:56.839 There were only two dinars left in the cloth, 00:04:56.839 --> 00:04:59.839 so he tossed them to her. 00:04:59.839 --> 00:05:01.930 The servant returned to 'Umar 00:05:01.930 --> 00:05:03.930 and informed him of that. 00:05:03.930 --> 00:05:04.930 He said: 00:05:04.930 --> 00:05:08.930 "They are brothers, one from the other." 00:05:08.930 --> 00:05:14.480 Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, may Allah be pleased with him, used to say to his children: 00:05:14.480 --> 00:05:16.480 "Remember the owner of the loaf of bread." 00:05:16.480 --> 00:05:22.600 Then he mentioned that a man from the Children of Israel worshipped Allah for seventy years, 00:05:22.600 --> 00:05:26.730 then Satan made a woman appear beautiful in his eyes, 00:05:26.730 --> 00:05:29.730 and he stayed with her for seven days. 00:05:29.730 --> 00:05:31.730 Then he fled, 00:05:32.730 --> 00:05:34.730 and stayed with some poor people. 00:05:34.730 --> 00:05:37.730 He was given a loaf of bread as charity, 00:05:37.730 --> 00:05:40.730 which one of those poor people wanted. 00:05:40.730 --> 00:05:43.730 He preferred him over himself with it, then he died. 00:05:43.730 --> 00:05:48.860 His worship was weighed against the seven days he spent with the woman, 00:05:48.860 --> 00:05:51.860 and the seven days outweighed his worship. 00:05:51.860 --> 00:05:55.860 Then the loaf of bread was weighed against the seven days, 00:05:55.860 --> 00:05:58.439 and it outweighed them. 00:05:58.439 --> 00:06:04.439 Sa'da bint 'Awf, the wife of Talhah ibn 'Ubayd Allah, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 00:06:04.439 --> 00:06:08.439 "Talhah once gave one hundred thousand dirhams in charity, 00:06:08.439 --> 00:06:12.439 and it kept him from going to the mosque 00:06:12.439 --> 00:06:15.439 because I had gathered it for him between the folds of his garment." 00:06:15.439 --> 00:06:20.790 Al-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam, may Allah be pleased with him, had one thousand slaves 00:06:20.790 --> 00:06:22.790 who paid him tribute, 00:06:22.790 --> 00:06:25.790 and he would distribute it every night, 00:06:25.790 --> 00:06:30.790 then go to his house with nothing of it left. 00:06:30.790 --> 00:06:34.329 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:06:34.329 --> 00:06:39.360 freed his slave girl who was called Rumaythah. 00:06:39.360 --> 00:06:40.360 He said: 00:06:40.360 --> 00:06:44.360 "I heard Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, say in His Book: 00:06:44.360 --> 00:06:50.430 ﴿You will not attain righteousness until you spend from that which you love.﴾ 00:06:50.430 --> 00:06:54.430 And by Allah, I truly loved you in this world, 00:06:54.430 --> 00:06:58.430 so go, for you are free for the sake of Allah." 00:06:58.430 --> 00:07:01.879 When he, may Allah be pleased with him, fell ill, 00:07:01.879 --> 00:07:04.879 he craved a fish, so it was prepared for him. 00:07:04.879 --> 00:07:08.879 Just as it was placed before him, a beggar came. 00:07:08.879 --> 00:07:11.879 He said: "Give him the fish." 00:07:11.879 --> 00:07:15.879 His wife said: "We will give him a dirham, 00:07:15.879 --> 00:07:18.879 it is more useful to him than this, 00:07:18.879 --> 00:07:20.879 and you fulfill your craving with it." 00:07:20.879 --> 00:07:23.879 He said: "My craving is not what I want." 00:07:23.879 --> 00:07:27.230 Twenty thousand were brought to him, 00:07:27.230 --> 00:07:31.230 and he did not rise from his seat until he had given it all away. 00:07:31.230 --> 00:07:34.839 Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 00:07:34.839 --> 00:07:37.839 "There are three whom I cannot repay: 00:07:37.839 --> 00:07:40.839 a man who made space for me in a gathering— 00:07:40.839 --> 00:07:42.839 I cannot repay him, 00:07:42.839 --> 00:07:46.839 even if I gave him everything I own. 00:07:46.839 --> 00:07:50.870 The second is he whose feet became dusty walking to me— 00:07:50.870 --> 00:07:53.870 I cannot repay him, 00:07:53.870 --> 00:07:56.870 even if I shed my blood for him. 00:07:56.870 --> 00:07:59.870 And the third I cannot repay, 00:07:59.870 --> 00:08:02.870 until the Lord of the Worlds repays him on my behalf: 00:08:02.870 --> 00:08:05.870 one who brought a need to me 00:08:05.870 --> 00:08:08.870 and found no one else to fulfill it but me." 00:08:08.870 --> 00:08:12.120 'Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:08:12.120 --> 00:08:16.120 "If one of you gives something to Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, 00:08:16.120 --> 00:08:19.120 let him not give Him what he would be ashamed 00:08:19.120 --> 00:08:21.120 to give to someone noble, 00:08:21.120 --> 00:08:25.120 for Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, is the most noble of the noble, 00:08:25.120 --> 00:08:28.379 and the most deserving of that which is chosen for Him." 00:08:28.379 --> 00:08:31.379 Ja'far ibn Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:08:31.379 --> 00:08:34.409 "A good deed is not complete except with three things: 00:08:34.409 --> 00:08:38.409 hastening it, belittling it, and concealing it." 00:08:38.409 --> 00:08:40.860 Some wise men said: 00:08:40.860 --> 00:08:43.860 "If you do a good deed, conceal it, 00:08:43.860 --> 00:08:46.860 and if a good deed is done to you, spread it." 00:08:46.860 --> 00:08:52.210 The annual income of Sahnun ibn Sa'id, may Allah have mercy on him, from an olive grove 00:08:52.210 --> 00:08:55.210 was five hundred dinars a year, 00:08:55.210 --> 00:08:59.210 yet the year would not end without him being in debt 00:08:59.210 --> 00:09:02.210 due to the abundance of his charity and kindness. 00:09:02.210 --> 00:09:06.789 'Uray ibn al-Husayn, may Allah have mercy on him, was thought to be stingy, 00:09:06.789 --> 00:09:12.789 but when he died, they found he had been feeding one hundred households in Medina. 00:09:14.039 --> 00:09:19.039 He, may Allah have mercy on him, used to carry a sack of bread on his back at night, 00:09:19.039 --> 00:09:22.039 give it in charity, and say: 00:09:22.039 --> 00:09:27.330 "Indeed, secret charity extinguishes the anger of the Lord, the Almighty and Majestic." 00:09:27.330 --> 00:09:31.330 When he died, may Allah have mercy on him, and they washed him, 00:09:31.330 --> 00:09:35.330 they began to notice black marks on his back. 00:09:35.330 --> 00:09:38.330 They asked: "What is this?" 00:09:38.330 --> 00:09:42.330 They said: "He used to carry sacks of flour on his back at night 00:09:42.330 --> 00:09:45.330 to give to the poor of the people of Medina." 00:09:45.330 --> 00:09:49.590 Al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufrah, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:09:49.590 --> 00:09:53.620 "It is strange that one would buy slaves with his wealth, 00:09:53.620 --> 00:09:56.620 but not buy free men with his kindness." 00:09:56.620 --> 00:10:00.909 Maimun ibn Mihran, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:10:00.909 --> 00:10:04.909 "That I give a dirham in charity during my life 00:10:04.909 --> 00:10:09.909 is more beloved to me than one hundred dirhams being given on my behalf after my death." 00:10:10.909 --> 00:10:16.389 A beggar came asking at the door of al-Rabi' ibn Khuthaym, may Allah have mercy on him, 00:10:16.389 --> 00:10:21.389 and he said: "Feed this beggar sugar." 00:10:21.389 --> 00:10:25.389 His family said: "He only wants us to feed him a piece of bread." 00:10:25.389 --> 00:10:29.450 He said: "Feed him sugar, 00:10:29.450 --> 00:10:32.450 for al-Rabi' loves sugar." 00:10:32.450 --> 00:10:39.000 Ibn al-Muqaffa' said: "Generosity with what one can afford is the ultimate generosity." 00:10:39.000 --> 00:10:42.090 Some of the salaf, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:10:42.090 --> 00:10:44.090 "One of them belittles a small thing, 00:10:44.090 --> 00:10:47.090 so he ends up doing what is worse than it," 00:10:47.090 --> 00:10:49.090 meaning withholding. 00:10:49.090 --> 00:10:51.700 And the one who said it spoke the truth: 00:10:51.700 --> 00:10:54.700 Be kind to people, and you will enslave their hearts. 00:10:54.700 --> 00:10:58.700 For how often has kindness enslaved a human being. 00:10:58.700 --> 00:11:02.700 Whoever is generous with wealth, all people will incline 00:11:02.700 --> 00:11:06.700 toward him, for wealth is a great temptation for man. 00:11:07.700 --> 00:11:11.759 Be kind whenever you have the possibility and the means, 00:11:11.759 --> 00:11:15.759 for the possibility will not last forever for any man. 00:11:15.759 --> 00:11:20.340 Hubaysh Ibn Mubashir, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:11:20.340 --> 00:11:25.340 I sat with Ahmad Ibn Hanbal and Yahya Ibn Ma'in, may Allah have mercy on them, 00:11:25.340 --> 00:11:27.340 while many people were gathered around, 00:11:27.340 --> 00:11:32.340 and they unanimously agreed that they did not know a single righteous man who was a miser. 00:11:32.340 --> 00:11:35.820 Ibn al-Jawzi, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:11:36.820 --> 00:11:39.820 Nizam al-Mulk, may Allah have mercy on him, fell ill, 00:11:39.820 --> 00:11:42.850 so he began to treat himself through charity. 00:11:42.850 --> 00:11:46.850 A crowd of the needy would gather before him, 00:11:46.850 --> 00:11:49.850 and he would give charity to them, and he was cured. 00:11:49.850 --> 00:11:55.009 Al-Hafiz Ibn Fadl Allah al-'Umari, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:11:55.009 --> 00:12:00.009 Wealth would come to Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah, may Allah have mercy on him, 00:12:00.009 --> 00:12:04.009 “Beautified for mankind is love of the joys (that come) from women and offspring; and stored-up heaps of gold and silver, and horses branded (with their mark), and cattle and land. That is comfort of the life of the world. Allah! With Him is a more excellent abode.” (3:14) 00:12:04.009 --> 00:12:08.009 such as branded horses, livestock, and crops, 00:12:08.009 --> 00:12:10.009 and he would give it all away, 00:12:10.009 --> 00:12:14.009 placing it in the hands of those in need where it belonged. 00:12:14.009 --> 00:12:18.009 He would not take anything from it except to give it away, 00:12:18.009 --> 00:12:23.009 and he would not keep it except to spend it all in the path of righteousness. 00:12:23.009 --> 00:12:27.009 This is the way of the humble, not the way of the arrogant. 00:12:27.009 --> 00:12:30.009 He was not swayed by the love of worldly desires, 00:12:30.009 --> 00:12:33.009 nor was anything from the three worldly delights made dear to him, 00:12:33.009 --> 00:12:35.490 except for prayer. 00:12:35.490 --> 00:12:38.490 Wealth would come to him every year 00:12:38.490 --> 00:12:40.490 in amounts that could hardly be counted, 00:12:40.490 --> 00:12:44.490 yet he would spend it all, in the thousands and hundreds, 00:12:44.490 --> 00:12:47.490 never seeking to keep a single dirham for himself, 00:12:47.490 --> 00:12:50.490 nor spending it on his own needs. 00:12:50.490 --> 00:12:52.490 Rather, if he had nothing else to give, 00:12:52.490 --> 00:12:55.490 he would take one of his own garments 00:12:55.490 --> 00:12:59.450 and hand it over to the person asking. 00:12:59.450 --> 00:13:01.450 A life of peace, 00:13:01.450 --> 00:13:03.769 between word and deed.