WEBVTT

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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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Mawaddah Association

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Presents:

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The Ten Promised Paradise:

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'Umar ibn al-Khattab,

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May Allah be pleased with him.

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Love for the Companions and the Prophet's kin is a Sunnah

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Upon which I shall meet my Lord as long as I live.

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Love for the Companions and the Prophet's kin.

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A Bedouin came to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and said:

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"O 'Umar of goodness, may you be rewarded with Paradise!

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Clothe my daughters and their mother,

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For we all rely on you as a shield against hard times.

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I swear by Allah that you surely will!"

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'Umar replied:

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"And if I do not, what then?"

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The Bedouin said:

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"Then, O Abu Hafs, I shall surely depart!"

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'Umar asked:

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"And if you depart, what then?"

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The man said:

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"By Allah, you will surely be questioned about my plight

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On the Day when gifts will be brought before us,

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And the one questioned stands between two outcomes:

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Either to the Fire or to Paradise!"

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'Umar wept until his beard was soaked.

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Then he said, "Boy!

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Give him this shirt of mine for that Day,

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For by Allah, I own no other."

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Such was the life of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab

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(May Allah be pleased with him) during his caliphate:

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Untiring care for individuals,

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And relentless guardianship over the Islamic society.

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However, that society

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Had expanded far and wide,

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Its territory stretching vast,

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Making it difficult to be managed

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By a single person,

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No matter how energetic and knowledgeable

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In the affairs of life he might be.

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The first thing 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) did

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Was to separate the judiciary from the executive governorship.

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Alongside the governor, he appointed

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A judge to oversee judicial matters.

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At times, he would combine for some judges

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Teaching or managing the public treasury (Bayt al-Mal)

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Alongside their judicial duties.

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He implemented this plan

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In the newly conquered provinces during his reign—

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In Iraq, the Levant, and Egypt.

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The reason for this was perhaps

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The unique character of those provinces,

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Namely their high population density,

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Comprising the local inhabitants

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In addition to the Muslim conquerors,

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And the resulting

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Multiplicity of legal cases and disputes,

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Which made the burden

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Of governance too heavy for the governor alone.

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'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) allocated

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A regular salary for every judge

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From the Muslim treasury,

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Assisting him in performing his duty

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And ensuring his continued service to the Ummah.

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It appears that the abundance of the state's financial resources

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Following the stabilization of the conquests

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Prompted 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)

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To alter his policy,

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So he agreed to establish an administrative register (Diwan),

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In which the names of Muslims were recorded,

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And through which they received regular stipends.

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It is reported that Abu Hurairah

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Came to 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with both of them)

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Carrying wealth from Bahrain.

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'Umar asked him, "What have you brought?"

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He replied, "Five hundred thousand dirhams."

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'Umar considered this a vast sum,

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So he ascended the pulpit,

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Praised Allah and extolled Him,

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And then said, "O people!

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A great deal of wealth has come to us.

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If you wish, we can measure it out for you by volume,

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Or if you wish, we can count it out for you by number."

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A man stood up and said:

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"O Commander of the Faithful!

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I have seen the non-Arabs maintain a administrative register (Diwan);

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So establish a register for us."

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'Umar approved of the idea.

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When 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) decided to establish the register,

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'Ali and 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf (may Allah be pleased with both of them) said to him:

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"Begin with yourself."

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He said, "No,

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Rather, I shall begin with the uncle of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

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And then the next closest relative, and so on."

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So he allocated a stipend for al-'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him)

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And started with him.

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Because 'Umar was keen to know the finest details regarding his governors' conduct

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And what was transpiring in every province,

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He selected a man from the elite of his men—strong, pious,

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Trustworthy, adhering to the Sunnah, and experienced—

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Namely, Muhammad ibn Maslamah al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him),

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To serve as his special inspector over the governors and their official acts,

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And to investigate complaints raised against them.

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'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) used to assemble his governors in Mecca during the Hajj season every year

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To question them about their conduct,

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And he would ask the public about them to assess their diligence in carrying out their duties.

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He would be delighted whenever he saw his governors devoting themselves entirely to the welfare of their subjects,

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And he would praise them immensely for that.

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'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) did not monopolize authority, despite being inspired by Allah (*muhaddath*);

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Rather, he adopted consultation (*shura*) as his methodology in governance and in administering the affairs of the Muslims,

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Acting upon the saying of Allah the Exalted:

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"And consult them in the matter,"

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And in adherence to the guidance of the Prophet (peace be upon him).

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For this reason, he established three consultative councils for himself:

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The first council was exclusively for the Emigrants (Muhajirun),

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The foundational block of Islam.

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In this council, 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) would present the daily reports

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That reached him from the provinces and administrative centers,

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Seeking their counsel on them.

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The second council comprised the senior Companions among the Muhajirun and the Ansar,

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Possessing expertise and experience;

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They provided the Caliph with counsel

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And debated key issues with him.

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The third council

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Was for the general body of Muslims among the Muhajirun, the Ansar,

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And the tribal leaders visiting Medina.

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Whenever 'Umar wished to seek the opinion of the general public,

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He would call out, "As-Salatu Jami'ah" (Prayer is gathered),

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And the people would assemble in the mosque.

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'Umar would then enter, deliver a sermon,

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And present the matter requiring discussion and deliberation.

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Such was the biography of al-Faruq 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him):

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Knowledge paired with action,

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Responsibility paired with justice—

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Unwavering in upholding the truth, fearless of any critic's blame.

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'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) performed Hajj,

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His final Hajj, in the year 23 AH.

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When he departed from Mina,

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He halted at al-Abtah,

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And there he raised his hands to the sky and said:

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"O Allah! My age has advanced,

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My strength has weakened,

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And my flock has spread far and wide.

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So take my soul to You, neither neglected nor falling short."

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His daughter, the Mother of the Believers, Hafsah (may Allah be pleased with her), heard him

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Supplicating one day, saying:

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"O Allah, grant me martyrdom in Your cause,

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And grant me death in the city of Your Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)."

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She asked, "How could that be?"

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'Umar replied:

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"Allah brings about His decree whenever He wills."

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It was part of his policy (may Allah be pleased with him)

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Not to permit captives from the conquered lands to enter Medina,

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The capital of the Caliphate,

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Unless they embraced Islam and entered this religion.

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This political stance demonstrates his wisdom and farsightedness,

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For these conquered, defeated peoples

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Harbored resentment against Islam,

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Despised it,

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And were predisposed to plot and scheme against Islam and the Muslims.

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However, some of the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them)

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Owned slaves and servants among these Christian or Zoroastrian captives,

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And some of them persistently requested 'Umar

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To allow a few of their conquered slaves to reside in Medina

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So they could assist them in their trades and daily labor.

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Among those Companions was al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah (may Allah be pleased with him),

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Who wrote to 'Umar seeking permission for a slave of his to enter Medina,

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Named Firuz al-Nahawandi,

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Known by his kunya, Abu Lu'lu'ah the Zoroastrian.

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Al-Mughirah stated that he possessed skills beneficial to the people,

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Being a blacksmith, an engraver, and a carpenter.

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So 'Umar reluctantly granted him permission.

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And precisely what 'Umar anticipated came to pass:

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On the dawn of Wednesday,

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Four days before the end of the month of Dhu al-Hijjah,

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Abu Lu'lu'ah lay in ambush inside the mosque,

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Carrying a double-bladed poisoned dagger.

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As 'Umar stood straightening the rows for prayer,

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And just as he pronounced the *takbir* to lead the people in prayer,

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The slave stabbed him in his shoulder and in his side.

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'Umar collapsed, saying:

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“There is no reproach for the Prophet in that which Allah maketh his due. That was Allah's way with those who passed away of old - and the commandment of Allah is certain destiny -” (33:38)

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Then the slave fled,

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Passing by no one to his right or left

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Without stabbing him,

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Until he had stabbed thirteen men,

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Seven of whom died.

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When a Muslim man saw this,

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He threw his cloak over him.

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Realizing he was trapped, the barbarian

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Slit his own throat.

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'Umar took the hand of 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf

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And pushed him forward to lead the people in prayer,

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So he led them in a brief prayer.

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'Umar was then carried to his house,

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Overcome by blood loss until he fell unconscious.

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When morning broke,

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He awoke and asked:

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"Have the people prayed?"

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They replied to him, "Yes."

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He said:

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"There is no Islam for whoever abandons the prayer."

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He then performed ablution and prayed,

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Leaning on his son, Abdullah,

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While his wound was gushing with blood.

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The doctor arrived

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And gave 'Umar date wine to drink,

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But it flowed right out of his wound.

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Then he gave him milk to drink,

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And it also flowed out of his wound.

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Thus, he realized that it meant death.

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When 'Umar learned that his assassin was a Magian slave,

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He said:

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"Praise be to Allah, Who did not place my death at the hands of a man who could dispute with me before Allah

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By virtue of a single prostration he ever performed."

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People came to visit 'Umar,

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Bidding him farewell and praising him,

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Mentioning his great achievements in Islam.

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He would respond to them by saying:

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"The deluded one is he whom you delude."

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Then a young man came to him and said:

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"Rejoice, O Commander of the Faithful, with the glad tidings from Allah to you!"

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'Umar replied:

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"I wish that all of that would just balance out—

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Neither against me nor for me."

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As the young man turned to leave,

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His lower garment was dragging on the ground.

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So 'Umar said:

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"Bring the youth back to me!"

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Then he said to him:

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"O son of my brother,

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Lift up your garment,

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For it is cleaner for your garment and more God-fearing before your Lord."

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Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said:

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"May Allah have mercy on 'Umar!

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His dire condition did not prevent him from speaking the truth."

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Some of them said to him:

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"Make a will, O Commander of the Faithful, and designate a successor."

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He said:

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"I do not see anyone more deserving of this matter

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Than this group of people with whom the Messenger of Allah

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(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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Was pleased when he passed away."

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So he named 'Ali, Talhah, 'Uthman,

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Al-Zubayr, 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf,

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And Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas.

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And he said:

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"'Abdullah ibn 'Umar shall be a witness,

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But he shall have no share in the governance,"

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Serving merely as a consolation to him.

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'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) sent

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His son 'Abdullah

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To 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her),

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Saying:

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"Go to 'A'ishah, Mother of the Believers,

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And say:

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''Umar conveys his greetings of peace to you.'

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Do not say 'the Commander of the Faithful,'

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For today I am no longer the commander of the believers.

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Rather, say:

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''Umar ibn al-Khattab asks permission

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To be buried alongside his two companions.'"

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He only phrased it that way

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So that 'A'ishah would not perceive it as an order.

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So 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar greeted her

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And asked permission to enter upon 'A'ishah,

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Finding her sitting and weeping.

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He said:

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"'Umar ibn al-Khattab conveys his greetings of peace to you,

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And asks permission to be buried alongside his two companions."

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She replied:

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"I had wanted that spot for myself,

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But today I shall certainly prefer him over myself."

00:13:35.970 --> 00:13:38.100
When 'Abdullah returned, it was said:

00:13:38.100 --> 00:13:41.100
"Here is 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar, he has returned."

00:13:41.100 --> 00:13:43.100
'Umar said:

00:13:43.100 --> 00:13:44.100
"Lift me up!

00:13:44.100 --> 00:13:46.100
What news do you bring, my son?"

00:13:46.100 --> 00:13:47.100
He replied:

00:13:47.100 --> 00:13:50.100
"That which you love, O Commander of the Faithful;

00:13:50.100 --> 00:13:52.100
She has granted permission."

00:13:52.100 --> 00:13:53.200
He said:

00:13:53.200 --> 00:13:55.200
"Praise be to Allah!

00:13:55.200 --> 00:13:58.200
Nothing was more important to me than that.

00:13:58.200 --> 00:14:00.389
When I pass away,

00:14:00.389 --> 00:14:02.389
Carry me there,

00:14:02.389 --> 00:14:04.389
Then greet her and say:

00:14:04.389 --> 00:14:07.389
''Umar ibn al-Khattab asks permission.'

00:14:07.389 --> 00:14:08.389
If she grants me permission,

00:14:08.389 --> 00:14:10.389
Then take me inside;

00:14:10.389 --> 00:14:12.389
But if she refuses me,

00:14:12.389 --> 00:14:15.389
Then return me to the public graveyard of the Muslims."

00:14:15.389 --> 00:14:18.610
'Uthman ibn 'Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) said:

00:14:18.610 --> 00:14:21.610
"I was the last of you to see 'Umar.

00:14:21.610 --> 00:14:25.610
I entered upon him while his head was in the lap of his son, 'Abdullah.

00:14:25.610 --> 00:14:27.610
'Umar said to his son:

00:14:27.610 --> 00:14:29.610
'Place my cheek upon the ground.'

00:14:29.610 --> 00:14:31.799
His son replied:

00:14:31.799 --> 00:14:34.799
'Are my thigh and the ground not equal?'

00:14:34.799 --> 00:14:36.799
'Umar reiterated:

00:14:36.799 --> 00:14:39.799
'Place my cheek upon the ground, woe to you!'

00:14:39.799 --> 00:14:42.000
'Abdullah said: 'So I placed it.'

00:14:42.000 --> 00:14:43.000
Then 'Umar said:

00:14:43.000 --> 00:14:47.000
'Woe to 'Umar if Allah does not forgive you!

00:14:47.000 --> 00:14:51.000
Woe to 'Umar if Allah does not forgive you!'

00:14:51.000 --> 00:14:53.279
When he passed away,

00:14:53.279 --> 00:14:55.279
'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said:

00:14:55.279 --> 00:14:59.279
"There is no one on earth with whose record of deeds I would love to meet Allah

00:14:59.279 --> 00:15:03.279
More than this shrouded man lying before you."

00:15:03.279 --> 00:15:09.379
Suhayb al-Rumi led his funeral prayer in the Mosque of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

00:15:09.379 --> 00:15:12.379
And he was buried beside his companion

00:15:12.379 --> 00:15:16.379
In the room of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her).

00:15:16.379 --> 00:15:21.120
May Allah be pleased with that noble man, 'Umar!

00:15:21.120 --> 00:15:25.120
For he was the first Caliph to be titled Commander of the Faithful,

00:15:25.120 --> 00:15:28.120
The first to institute the Islamic calendar,

00:15:28.120 --> 00:15:32.120
The first to gather the people for the Tarawih prayer,

00:15:32.120 --> 00:15:37.120
The first to make night patrols to inspect the conditions of the Muslims,

00:15:37.120 --> 00:15:40.120
He carried the whip and used it to discipline,

00:15:40.120 --> 00:15:42.120
He led the great conquests,

00:15:42.120 --> 00:15:44.120
Instituted the land tax (Kharaj),

00:15:44.120 --> 00:15:46.120
Founded the garrison cities,

00:15:46.120 --> 00:15:48.120
Appointed judges,

00:15:48.120 --> 00:15:50.120
Established the state registries (Diwan),

00:15:50.120 --> 00:15:52.120
Stipulated stipends,

00:15:52.120 --> 00:15:54.120
And performed Hajj with the Mothers of the Believers,

00:15:54.120 --> 00:15:58.120
The wives of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

00:15:58.120 --> 00:16:01.120
In the last pilgrimage he performed.

00:16:01.120 --> 00:16:07.940
May Allah reward him with goodness on behalf of Islam and the Muslims.

00:16:07.940 --> 00:16:09.940
The Chosen One

00:16:09.940 --> 00:16:15.940
Is the best of companions, as affirmed by texts;

00:16:15.940 --> 00:16:19.940
In the Paradise of Eternity, they are confirmed.

00:16:19.940 --> 00:16:22.940
Their honor was increased:

00:16:22.940 --> 00:16:25.940
They are Talhah,

00:16:25.940 --> 00:16:27.940
Ibn 'Awf,

00:16:27.940 --> 00:16:31.940
Al-Zubayr, along with

00:16:31.940 --> 00:16:33.940
Abu 'Ubaydah,

00:16:33.940 --> 00:16:39.940
The two Sa'ds, and the Caliphs.