1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:05,160 --> 00:00:08,039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 3 00:00:08,589 --> 00:00:12,710 Abridged by Dr. ‘Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammar. 4 00:00:12,910 --> 00:00:16,300 Surah ‘Abasa. 5 00:00:18,379 --> 00:00:22,260 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 6 00:00:22,260 --> 00:00:24,660 He frowned and turned away. 7 00:00:24,660 --> 00:00:28,660 Because the blind man came to him. 8 00:00:28,660 --> 00:00:32,859 “What could inform thee but that he might grow (in grace)” (80:3) 9 00:00:32,859 --> 00:00:38,659 Or he might be reminded, and the reminder would benefit him. 10 00:00:38,659 --> 00:00:43,659 He frowned and turned his face away in dislike because the blind man came to him. 11 00:00:43,659 --> 00:00:48,659 And what would make you know, O Muhammad, perhaps this blind man, at whom you frowned, 12 00:00:48,659 --> 00:00:50,659 might purify himself from his sins. 13 00:00:50,659 --> 00:00:55,659 Or he might take heed, and the heed and admonition would benefit him. 14 00:00:55,659 --> 00:00:59,750 As for him who considers himself self-sufficient, 15 00:00:59,750 --> 00:01:02,750 to him you give attention. 16 00:01:02,750 --> 00:01:06,750 “Yet it is not thy concern if he grow not (in grace).” (80:7) 17 00:01:06,750 --> 00:01:12,750 “But as for him who cometh unto thee with earnest purpose” (80:8) 18 00:01:12,750 --> 00:01:14,750 While he is fearful [of Allah]. 19 00:01:14,750 --> 00:01:19,739 From him you are distracted. 20 00:01:19,739 --> 00:01:21,739 As for the one who considers himself self-sufficient due to his wealth, 21 00:01:21,739 --> 00:01:25,739 you attend to him, hoping that he might accept Islam. 22 00:01:25,739 --> 00:01:30,739 And what is it to you if he does not purify himself from his disbelief and accept Islam? 23 00:01:30,739 --> 00:01:33,739 As for this blind man who came to you striving, 24 00:01:33,739 --> 00:01:35,739 and he is fearful of Allah and mindful of Him, 25 00:01:35,739 --> 00:01:41,609 you turn away from him, occupy yourself with others, and neglect him. 26 00:01:41,609 --> 00:01:45,609 No! Indeed, it is a reminder. 27 00:01:45,609 --> 00:01:49,609 So whoever wills may remember it. 28 00:01:49,609 --> 00:01:52,609 In honored sheets, 29 00:01:52,609 --> 00:01:56,609 exalted and purified, 30 00:01:56,609 --> 00:01:58,609 in the hands of messengers [angels]. 31 00:01:59,609 --> 00:02:03,219 No! 32 00:02:03,219 --> 00:02:06,219 The matter is not as you do, O Muhammad, 33 00:02:06,219 --> 00:02:10,219 in frowning at the one who came to you striving while he is fearful, 34 00:02:10,219 --> 00:02:13,219 and giving attention to the one who considers himself self-sufficient. 35 00:02:13,219 --> 00:02:17,219 Indeed, this sermon and this Surah are an admonition and a lesson. 36 00:02:17,219 --> 00:02:20,219 So whoever among the servants of Allah wills may remember it. 37 00:02:20,219 --> 00:02:24,219 It means: remember the revelation of Allah and His inspiration. 38 00:02:24,219 --> 00:02:28,280 This reminder is in honored sheets, 39 00:02:28,280 --> 00:02:32,280 exalted and purified in the Preserved Tablet, 40 00:02:32,280 --> 00:02:35,280 which is exalted and purified in the sight of Allah. 41 00:02:35,280 --> 00:02:37,280 In the hands of angels, 42 00:02:37,280 --> 00:02:41,280 who act as intermediaries between Allah and His messengers regarding the revelation, 43 00:02:41,280 --> 00:02:44,370 noble and righteous. 44 00:02:44,370 --> 00:02:47,370 Cursed is man! 45 00:02:47,370 --> 00:02:49,370 How disbelieving is he! 46 00:02:49,370 --> 00:02:52,370 “From what thing doth He create him?” (80:18) 47 00:02:52,370 --> 00:02:57,370 “From a drop of seed. He createth him and proportioneth him,” (80:19) 48 00:02:57,370 --> 00:03:00,370 Then He makes the path easy for him. 49 00:03:00,370 --> 00:03:05,370 Then He causes him to die and provides a grave for him. 50 00:03:05,370 --> 00:03:10,370 “Then, when He will, He bringeth him again to life.” (80:22) 51 00:03:10,370 --> 00:03:16,389 No! He has not yet accomplished what He commanded him. 52 00:03:16,389 --> 00:03:20,389 The disbelieving man is cursed; what is it that makes him so disbelieving? 53 00:03:20,389 --> 00:03:25,389 From what thing did the disbelieving man create his Lord when he became arrogant, 54 00:03:25,389 --> 00:03:30,389 and acted haughtily against obeying his Lord and acknowledging His oneness? 55 00:03:30,389 --> 00:03:34,389 From a drop of fluid He created him and destined his stages. 56 00:03:34,389 --> 00:03:39,389 A drop at one time, then a clot, then a lump of flesh, 57 00:03:39,389 --> 00:03:43,389 until his stages were completed while he was in his mother's womb. 58 00:03:43,389 --> 00:03:47,389 Then He eased the path for him to exit from his mother's womb. 59 00:03:47,389 --> 00:03:51,389 Then He took his soul and caused him to die after that, 60 00:03:51,389 --> 00:03:53,389 and made him one who has a grave. 61 00:03:53,389 --> 00:03:58,389 Then, when Allah wills, He will resurrect him after his death and bring him back to life. 62 00:03:58,389 --> 00:04:03,389 No! The matter is not as this disbelieving man says, 63 00:04:03,389 --> 00:04:08,389 that he has fulfilled the right of Allah upon him regarding his self and his wealth. 64 00:04:08,389 --> 00:04:14,120 He has not fulfilled the obligations his Lord imposed upon him. 65 00:04:14,120 --> 00:04:20,120 “Let man consider his food:” (80:24) 66 00:04:20,120 --> 00:04:26,120 That We poured down water in abundance. 67 00:04:26,120 --> 00:04:30,120 “Then split the earth in clefts” (80:26) 68 00:04:30,120 --> 00:04:34,120 And caused to grow therein grain, 69 00:04:34,120 --> 00:04:37,120 and grapes and fresh vegetation, 70 00:04:37,120 --> 00:04:40,120 and olives and palm trees, 71 00:04:40,120 --> 00:04:44,120 and gardens of dense foliage, 72 00:04:44,120 --> 00:04:48,120 and fruit and fodder. 73 00:04:48,120 --> 00:04:54,180 Let this disbelieving, denying man look, 74 00:04:54,180 --> 00:04:58,180 at the oneness of Allah, at his food, how He arranged it. 75 00:04:58,180 --> 00:05:03,240 We sent down rain from the sky to the earth in abundance, 76 00:05:03,240 --> 00:05:06,240 and poured it upon it in abundance. 77 00:05:06,240 --> 00:05:10,240 Then We split the earth and caused it to sprout with vegetation. 78 00:05:10,240 --> 00:05:13,240 We caused to grow therein the grain of crops, 79 00:05:13,240 --> 00:05:16,240 which is everything the earth produces of grains, 80 00:05:16,240 --> 00:05:19,240 such as wheat, barley, and other things. 81 00:05:19,240 --> 00:05:22,240 And vines of grapes and fresh vegetation. 82 00:05:22,240 --> 00:05:26,240 The people of Makkah call fodder 'al-qadb'. 83 00:05:26,240 --> 00:05:30,240 And the olive, from which oil is derived, and palm trees, 84 00:05:30,240 --> 00:05:33,240 and dense gardens. 85 00:05:33,240 --> 00:05:36,240 A garden is an orchard that is enclosed. 86 00:05:36,240 --> 00:05:41,240 And fruit, which is what people eat from the produce of trees, 87 00:05:41,240 --> 00:05:45,240 and fodder, which is what livestock eat of grass, 88 00:05:45,240 --> 00:05:48,240 and vegetation. Others said: 89 00:05:48,240 --> 00:05:51,240 'Al-abb' refers to moist fruits. 90 00:05:51,240 --> 00:05:56,430 We caused these things to grow, which the children of Adam eat, 91 00:05:56,430 --> 00:05:58,430 as a provision for you, O people, 92 00:05:58,430 --> 00:06:02,430 and a benefit that you enjoy and from which you derive utility, 93 00:06:02,430 --> 00:06:07,430 and which the livestock eat, as a provision for your livestock. 94 00:06:07,430 --> 00:06:16,290 But when the Deafening Blast comes, 95 00:06:16,290 --> 00:06:20,290 “On the day when a man fleeth from his brother” (80:34) 96 00:06:20,290 --> 00:06:24,290 and his mother and his father, 97 00:06:24,290 --> 00:06:28,290 and his wife and his children. 98 00:06:28,290 --> 00:06:36,290 “Every man that day will have concern enough to make him heedless (of others).” (80:37) 99 00:06:36,290 --> 00:06:40,120 When the Resurrection comes on that day, 100 00:06:40,120 --> 00:06:43,120 on which a person will flee from his brother, 101 00:06:43,120 --> 00:06:45,120 and He means by His saying: 102 00:06:45,120 --> 00:06:47,120 'He will flee from his brother', 103 00:06:47,120 --> 00:06:49,120 meaning he will flee away from his brother. 104 00:06:49,120 --> 00:06:51,120 Some of them said: 105 00:06:51,120 --> 00:06:55,120 He flees from his brother so that he does not see him and what befalls him. 106 00:06:55,120 --> 00:06:57,250 And his mother and his father, 107 00:06:57,250 --> 00:07:00,250 and his wife in the world, and his children, 108 00:07:00,250 --> 00:07:02,250 fearing their demand upon him 109 00:07:02,250 --> 00:07:06,250 for the liabilities and injustices that existed between him and them. 110 00:07:06,250 --> 00:07:09,250 For every person among the man and his brother, 111 00:07:09,250 --> 00:07:11,250 and his mother and his father, 112 00:07:11,250 --> 00:07:14,250 and the rest of those mentioned in this verse, 113 00:07:14,250 --> 00:07:17,250 on the Day of Resurrection, there is a matter that will preoccupy him, 114 00:07:17,250 --> 00:07:20,250 and distract him from the affairs of others. 115 00:07:20,250 --> 00:07:25,050 Faces, that Day, will be bright, 116 00:07:25,050 --> 00:07:29,050 laughing, rejoicing at good news. 117 00:07:29,050 --> 00:07:34,050 “And other faces, on that day, with dust upon them,” (80:40) 118 00:07:34,050 --> 00:07:36,050 Overlaid with dust. 119 00:07:36,050 --> 00:07:42,050 Those are the disbelievers, the wicked. 120 00:07:42,050 --> 00:07:46,879 Faces on that day will be radiant and luminous; 121 00:07:46,879 --> 00:07:50,879 these are the faces of the believers with whom Allah is pleased. 122 00:07:50,879 --> 00:07:55,879 Laughing with joy at the bliss and honor Allah has given them, 123 00:07:55,879 --> 00:07:59,879 rejoicing at what they hope for of increase. 124 00:07:59,879 --> 00:08:03,910 And faces of the disbelievers on that day will have dust upon them. 125 00:08:03,910 --> 00:08:10,910 It is mentioned that the animals, which Allah will turn into dust on that day after judgment is passed between them, 126 00:08:10,910 --> 00:08:15,910 that dust will turn into darkness upon the faces of the people of disbelief. 127 00:08:15,910 --> 00:08:19,910 And those faces will be covered with 'qatarah', which is dust/darkness. 128 00:08:19,910 --> 00:08:23,910 Those who have this description on the Day of Resurrection 129 00:08:23,910 --> 00:08:25,910 are the disbelievers in Allah, 130 00:08:25,910 --> 00:08:28,910 who were in the world the wicked in their religion, 131 00:08:28,910 --> 00:08:34,909 not caring what they committed of the disobedience of Allah and what they engaged in of His prohibitions. 132 00:08:34,909 --> 00:08:39,909 So Allah recompensed them for their evil deeds with what He informed His servants. 133 00:08:39,909 --> 00:08:45,740 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.