WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.200 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.660 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammar. 00:00:14.500 --> 00:00:16.420 Surah Ghafir. 00:00:18.260 --> 00:00:22.739 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.980 --> 00:00:27.129 Ha-Mim. 00:00:27.129 --> 00:00:32.890 “The revelation of the Scripture is from Allah, the Mighty, the Knower,” (40:2) 00:00:33.210 --> 00:00:37.250 “The Forgiver of sin, the Accepter of repentance, the Stern in punishment, the Bountiful. There is no Allah save Him. Unto Him is the journeying.” (40:3) 00:00:37.250 --> 00:00:41.090 “The Forgiver of sin, the Accepter of repentance, the Stern in punishment, the Bountiful. There is no Allah save Him. Unto Him is the journeying.” (40:3) 00:00:41.490 --> 00:00:44.329 There is no deity worthy of worship except Him. 00:00:44.729 --> 00:00:47.570 To Him is the final destination. 00:00:48.969 --> 00:00:50.090 Ha-Mim. 00:00:50.530 --> 00:00:55.090 The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Almighty in His retribution against His enemies. 00:00:55.490 --> 00:00:58.969 The All-Knowing of what they do, whether deeds or otherwise. 00:00:59.530 --> 00:01:03.729 The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Forgiver of sin and the Accepter of repentance. 00:01:04.209 --> 00:01:06.890 Severe in punishment for those who disobey Him. 00:01:07.370 --> 00:01:11.290 Possessor of bounty and blessings bestowed upon whom He wills of His creation. 00:01:11.930 --> 00:01:15.090 There is no deity to whom worship is due except Allah. 00:01:15.489 --> 00:01:19.530 To Him is your destination and your return, O people, so worship Him. 00:01:20.959 --> 00:01:26.040 “None argue concerning the revelations of Allah save those who disbelieve, so let not their turn of fortune in the land deceive thee (O Muhammad).” (40:4) 00:01:26.040 --> 00:01:31.120 “None argue concerning the revelations of Allah save those who disbelieve, so let not their turn of fortune in the land deceive thee (O Muhammad).” (40:4) 00:01:32.459 --> 00:01:37.739 None disputes the arguments and proofs of Allah except those who deny His oneness. 00:01:38.219 --> 00:01:41.540 So do not be deceived, O Muhammad, by their movements throughout the lands. 00:01:41.939 --> 00:01:45.819 And their remaining and dwelling therein despite their disbelief in their Lord. 00:01:46.219 --> 00:01:50.859 Lest you think that they have been granted respite and freedom of movement because they are upon some truth. 00:01:51.299 --> 00:01:53.420 For We have not granted them respite for that reason. 00:01:53.819 --> 00:01:56.140 But rather so that the decree may reach its appointed term. 00:01:56.540 --> 00:01:59.219 And so that the word of punishment may be justly binding upon them. 00:02:00.780 --> 00:02:06.739 “The folk of Noah and the factions after them denied (their messengers) before these, and every nation purposed to seize their messenger and argued falsely, (thinking) thereby to refute the Truth. Then I seized them, and how (awful) was My punishment.” (40:5) 00:02:07.219 --> 00:02:13.699 “The folk of Noah and the factions after them denied (their messengers) before these, and every nation purposed to seize their messenger and argued falsely, (thinking) thereby to refute the Truth. Then I seized them, and how (awful) was My punishment.” (40:5) 00:02:14.219 --> 00:02:19.740 “The folk of Noah and the factions after them denied (their messengers) before these, and every nation purposed to seize their messenger and argued falsely, (thinking) thereby to refute the Truth. Then I seized them, and how (awful) was My punishment.” (40:5) 00:02:20.259 --> 00:02:23.259 So how was My punishment? 00:02:24.979 --> 00:02:27.419 Before your people, the people of Nuh denied. 00:02:27.900 --> 00:02:33.060 And the confederates who banded together and gathered against their messengers to deny them. 00:02:33.659 --> 00:02:38.659 Like ‘Ad, Thamud, the people of Lut, the companions of Madyan, and those like them. 00:02:39.180 --> 00:02:45.099 Every nation among these nations intended to seize their messenger who was sent to them. 00:02:45.379 --> 00:02:47.099 In order to kill him. 00:02:47.659 --> 00:02:50.780 And they disputed with their messenger with false arguments. 00:02:51.259 --> 00:02:56.259 To invalidate by their disputation the truth he brought them from Allah. 00:02:56.740 --> 00:03:00.819 So I seized those who intended to harm their messenger with My punishment. 00:03:01.340 --> 00:03:03.860 So how was My punishment of them? 00:03:04.419 --> 00:03:09.539 Did I not destroy them, making them a lesson for creation and a warning for those who came after them? 00:03:11.259 --> 00:03:21.259 “Thus was the word of thy Lord concerning those who disbelieve fulfilled: That they are owners of the Fire.” (40:6) 00:03:22.889 --> 00:03:26.849 And just as My punishment was justly binding upon the nations that denied their messengers. 00:03:27.370 --> 00:03:32.129 So too has the word of your Lord become binding upon those who disbelieve in Allah among your people. 00:03:32.770 --> 00:03:35.689 And likewise, the punishment of the Fire has become binding upon them. 00:03:37.139 --> 00:03:45.259 “Those who bear the Throne, and all who are round about it, hymn the praises of their Lord and believe in Him and ask forgiveness for those who believe (saying): Our Lord! Thou comprehendest all things in mercy and knowledge, therefor forgive those who repent and follow Thy way. Ward off from them the punishment of hell.” (40:7) 00:03:45.780 --> 00:03:51.099 “Those who bear the Throne, and all who are round about it, hymn the praises of their Lord and believe in Him and ask forgiveness for those who believe (saying): Our Lord! Thou comprehendest all things in mercy and knowledge, therefor forgive those who repent and follow Thy way. Ward off from them the punishment of hell.” (40:7) 00:03:51.460 --> 00:03:59.740 “Those who bear the Throne, and all who are round about it, hymn the praises of their Lord and believe in Him and ask forgiveness for those who believe (saying): Our Lord! Thou comprehendest all things in mercy and knowledge, therefor forgive those who repent and follow Thy way. Ward off from them the punishment of hell.” (40:7) 00:04:00.300 --> 00:04:07.659 “Those who bear the Throne, and all who are round about it, hymn the praises of their Lord and believe in Him and ask forgiveness for those who believe (saying): Our Lord! Thou comprehendest all things in mercy and knowledge, therefor forgive those who repent and follow Thy way. Ward off from them the punishment of hell.” (40:7) 00:04:09.180 --> 00:04:12.460 Those who bear the Throne of Allah among His angels. 00:04:12.900 --> 00:04:16.540 And those around His Throne among the angels who surround it. 00:04:17.019 --> 00:04:19.819 They glorify their Lord with His praise and gratitude. 00:04:20.259 --> 00:04:23.740 And they acknowledge Allah, affirming that there is no deity for them other than Him. 00:04:24.420 --> 00:04:29.019 And they ask their Lord to forgive those who have affirmed as they have affirmed. 00:04:29.379 --> 00:04:33.259 Of the oneness of Allah and disavowal of every deity worshipped besides Him. 00:04:33.899 --> 00:04:38.899 They say, "Our Lord, Your mercy and knowledge encompass everything among Your creation." 00:04:39.459 --> 00:04:42.420 You have shown mercy to Your creation and encompassed them with Your mercy. 00:04:42.980 --> 00:04:45.300 So overlook the sins of those who repent from polytheism. 00:04:45.899 --> 00:04:49.019 And follow the path that You have commanded them to follow. 00:04:49.660 --> 00:04:52.779 And avert from them the punishment of the Fire on the Day of Resurrection. 00:04:54.459 --> 00:04:59.779 “Our Lord! And make them enter the Gardens of Eden which thou hast promised them, with such of their fathers and their wives and their descendants as do right. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Mighty, the Wise.” (40:8) 00:04:59.779 --> 00:05:11.500 And whoever among their fathers, their spouses, and their descendants was righteous. 00:05:12.019 --> 00:05:17.819 Indeed, You are the Almighty, the All-Wise. 00:05:19.389 --> 00:05:24.470 And our Lord, admit them into the gardens of eternal residence which You have promised to those who turn to You in repentance. 00:05:25.029 --> 00:05:29.910 “Our Lord! And make them enter the Gardens of Eden which thou hast promised them, with such of their fathers and their wives and their descendants as do right. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Mighty, the Wise.” (40:8) 00:05:30.550 --> 00:05:33.629 For they acted with the righteous deeds that please You. 00:05:34.420 --> 00:05:38.540 Indeed, You are, our Lord, the Almighty in Your retribution against Your enemies. 00:05:39.060 --> 00:05:41.500 The All-Wise in Your management of Your creation. 00:05:43.350 --> 00:05:53.589 “And ward off from them ill-deeds; and he from whom Thou wardest off ill-deeds that day, him verily hast Thou taken into mercy. That is the supreme triumph.” (40:9) 00:05:54.110 --> 00:05:57.509 And that is the great success. 00:05:58.990 --> 00:06:05.670 And avert from them the evil consequences of their sins which they had committed before their repentance and turning to You. 00:06:06.389 --> 00:06:11.350 And whoever is spared the evil consequences of his sins by that on the Day of Resurrection. 00:06:11.910 --> 00:06:14.790 Then You have indeed had mercy on him and saved him from Your punishment. 00:06:15.509 --> 00:06:20.550 For whoever is saved from the Fire and admitted to Paradise has indeed attained the great success. 00:06:22.240 --> 00:06:38.720 Indeed, those who disbelieve are called to: "The hatred of Allah is greater than your hatred of yourselves when you were called to faith and you disbelieved." 00:06:40.250 --> 00:06:45.970 Indeed, those who disbelieve in Allah are called out to in the Fire on the Day of Resurrection when they enter it. 00:06:46.449 --> 00:06:51.769 They will loathe themselves when they witness what Allah has prepared for them of various types of punishment. 00:06:52.490 --> 00:07:01.810 It will be said to them: "The hatred of Allah for you, O people, in the world when you were called to faith in Allah and you disbelieved." 00:07:02.370 --> 00:07:08.490 "Is greater than your hatred of yourselves today because of the wrath of Allah that has befallen you." 00:07:22.920 --> 00:07:30.699 The disbelievers will say while they are in the Fire, "Our Lord, You made us die twice and You gave us life twice." 00:07:31.180 --> 00:07:37.300 This is because they were dead in the loins of their fathers, then Allah gave them life in the world. 00:07:37.819 --> 00:07:44.500 Then He caused them to die the death that is inevitable, then He gave them life for the resurrection on the Day of Judgment. 00:07:45.180 --> 00:07:51.779 "So we have confessed our sins that we committed in the world, so is there any way for our exit from our sins?" 00:07:51.779 --> 00:08:01.620 "In the world, so is there any way for us to exit the Fire so that we may return to the world and do other than what we used to do therein?" 00:08:03.269 --> 00:08:19.189 “(It is said unto them): This is (your plight) because, when Allah only was invoked, ye disbelieved, but when some partner was ascribed to Him ye were believing. But the command belongeth only to Allah, the Sublime, the Majestic.” (40:12) 00:08:19.430 --> 00:08:24.149 “(It is said unto them): This is (your plight) because, when Allah only was invoked, ye disbelieved, but when some partner was ascribed to Him ye were believing. But the command belongeth only to Allah, the Sublime, the Majestic.” (40:12) 00:08:26.019 --> 00:08:32.500 They will be answered: "There is no way to that; this is what you have of punishment, O disbelievers." 00:08:33.059 --> 00:08:38.899 "Because when Allah was called upon alone, you denied that divinity should be exclusively His." 00:08:39.460 --> 00:08:43.980 "And if a partner was associated with Allah, you believed in those who attributed that to Him." 00:08:44.460 --> 00:08:47.620 So the judgment belongs to Allah, the Most High over everything. 00:08:48.100 --> 00:08:52.779 The Great, before whom everything else is diminished today. 00:08:54.450 --> 00:09:02.889 “He it is Who showeth you His portents, and sendeth down for you provision from the sky. None payeth heed save him who turneth (unto Him) repentant.” (40:13) 00:09:03.450 --> 00:09:08.929 “He it is Who showeth you His portents, and sendeth down for you provision from the sky. None payeth heed save him who turneth (unto Him) repentant.” (40:13) 00:09:10.279 --> 00:09:16.440 He who shows you, O people, His signs and proofs of His oneness and Lordship. 00:09:16.879 --> 00:09:20.080 And sends down for you your provisions from the sky. 00:09:20.360 --> 00:09:24.519 By pouring forth the rain through which He brings forth your sustenance from the earth. 00:09:24.759 --> 00:09:26.639 And the fodder for your livestock. 00:09:27.080 --> 00:09:33.480 And none remembers the signs of Allah except those who return to His oneness and turn to His obedience. 00:09:42.309 --> 00:09:44.909 So worship Allah, O you who believe in Him. 00:09:45.230 --> 00:09:49.190 Sincere to Him in obedience, not associating anything with Him. 00:09:49.710 --> 00:09:53.269 Even if the disbelievers and polytheists dislike your worship. 00:10:09.580 --> 00:10:11.100 He is the Exalted in rank. 00:10:11.659 --> 00:10:14.100 Possessor of the Throne that encompasses all that is beneath it. 00:10:14.580 --> 00:10:18.620 “He sendeth down the angels with the Spirit of His command unto whom He will of His bondmen, (saying): Warn mankind that there is no Allah save Me, so keep your duty unto Me.” (16:2) 00:10:18.860 --> 00:10:26.500 To warn, by the command of Allah, those who fear the punishment of the Day when the people of the heavens and the people of the earth meet. 00:10:26.899 --> 00:10:28.899 And that is the Day of Resurrection. 00:10:45.970 --> 00:10:47.970 The Day they are exposed. 00:10:48.370 --> 00:10:56.539 Meaning that those who were warned, to whom Allah sent His Messenger, are visible to the observers. 00:10:56.940 --> 00:11:00.740 No mountain or tree will intervene between them. 00:11:01.139 --> 00:11:05.740 But they will be on a level plain, with no depression or elevation therein. 00:11:06.139 --> 00:11:10.139 Nothing of them or their deeds is hidden from Allah. 00:11:10.539 --> 00:11:12.139 The Lord will say: 00:11:12.139 --> 00:11:14.139 "To whom does the sovereignty belong today?" 00:11:15.139 --> 00:11:17.139 "To whom does the sovereignty belong today?" 00:11:17.139 --> 00:11:18.139 Then He will say: 00:11:18.139 --> 00:11:22.139 "To Allah, the One, who has no equal and no likeness." 00:11:22.139 --> 00:11:25.139 The Subduer of everything other than Him. 00:11:42.220 --> 00:11:45.220 Today, every worker is rewarded for his work. 00:11:45.220 --> 00:11:50.220 There is no injustice to anyone regarding the reward he earned for his deeds in the world. 00:11:50.220 --> 00:11:57.220 Indeed, Allah is swift in reckoning His servants on that Day for the deeds they performed. 00:11:57.220 --> 00:12:00.220 It is mentioned that that Day will not end. 00:12:00.220 --> 00:12:04.220 Until the people of Paradise rest in Paradise. 00:12:04.220 --> 00:12:13.059 “Warn them (O Muhammad) of the Day of the approaching (doom), when the hearts will be choking the throats, (when) there will be no friend for the wrong-doers, nor any intercessor who will be heard.” (40:18) 00:12:14.059 --> 00:12:21.059 “Warn them (O Muhammad) of the Day of the approaching (doom), when the hearts will be choking the throats, (when) there will be no friend for the wrong-doers, nor any intercessor who will be heard.” (40:18) 00:12:23.080 --> 00:12:27.080 And warn, O Muhammad, the polytheists of your people of the Day of the Approaching Hour. 00:12:27.080 --> 00:12:32.080 When the hearts of the servants, from fear of Allah's punishment, are at their throats. 00:12:32.080 --> 00:12:34.080 Having risen from their chests. 00:12:34.080 --> 00:12:38.080 And they are choked with them, suppressing their grief. 00:12:38.080 --> 00:12:41.080 They desire to return them to their places in their chests. 00:12:41.080 --> 00:12:43.080 But they will not return. 00:12:43.080 --> 00:12:47.080 Nor will they exit their bodies so that they might die. 00:12:47.080 --> 00:12:52.080 The disbelievers in Allah will have no close friend on that Day who can protect them. 00:12:52.080 --> 00:12:56.080 And ward off from them the great punishment of Allah that has befallen them. 00:12:56.080 --> 00:13:02.080 Nor any intercessor who can intercede for them with their Lord and be obeyed in his intercession. 00:13:02.080 --> 00:13:10.720 “He knoweth the traitor of the eyes, and that which the bosoms hide.” (40:19) 00:13:10.720 --> 00:13:20.720 “Allah judgeth with truth, while those to whom they cry instead of Him judge not at all. Lo! Allah, He is the Hearer, the Seer.” (40:20) 00:13:20.720 --> 00:13:26.139 “Allah judgeth with truth, while those to whom they cry instead of Him judge not at all. Lo! Allah, He is the Hearer, the Seer.” (40:20) 00:13:26.139 --> 00:13:33.129 Your Lord knows what the eyes of His servants betray and what their hearts conceal. 00:13:33.129 --> 00:13:37.129 Nothing of their affairs is hidden from Him. 00:13:37.129 --> 00:13:41.129 And Allah will judge regarding what the eyes betrayed with their glances. 00:13:41.129 --> 00:13:45.129 And what the hearts concealed when the eyes looked, with the truth. 00:13:45.129 --> 00:13:51.129 He will reward those who lowered their gaze and turned it away from His prohibitions with the best reward. 00:13:51.129 --> 00:13:57.129 And those who cast repeated glances and whose hearts were resolved upon indecency, He will reward them accordingly. 00:13:57.129 --> 00:14:02.129 And the idols that these polytheists worship cannot judge anything. 00:14:02.129 --> 00:14:07.129 Because they know nothing and are capable of nothing. 00:14:07.129 --> 00:14:12.129 Indeed, Allah is the All-Hearing of what your tongues utter, O people. 00:14:12.129 --> 00:14:16.129 The All-Seeing of what you do of deeds.