1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:03,480 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,480 --> 00:00:06,440 The Ifadah Center 3 00:00:06,440 --> 00:00:09,640 for Humanities Studies and Research 4 00:00:09,640 --> 00:00:10,939 presents 5 00:00:10,939 --> 00:00:16,039 The Abridgment of Sahih al-Bukhari: 6 00:00:16,039 --> 00:00:20,420 The Book of Faith. 7 00:00:20,420 --> 00:00:24,679 Chapter: The statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): 8 00:00:24,679 --> 00:00:27,379 "Islam is built upon five [pillars]," 9 00:00:27,379 --> 00:00:29,379 and faith consists of speech and action, 10 00:00:29,379 --> 00:00:31,879 and it increases and decreases. 11 00:00:32,920 --> 00:00:35,920 On the authority of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 12 00:00:35,920 --> 00:00:39,920 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 13 00:00:39,920 --> 00:00:42,920 "Islam is built upon five [pillars]: 14 00:00:42,920 --> 00:00:46,920 testifying that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, 15 00:00:46,920 --> 00:00:49,920 and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; 16 00:00:49,920 --> 00:00:51,920 establishing prayer; 17 00:00:51,920 --> 00:00:53,920 paying zakat; 18 00:00:53,920 --> 00:00:55,920 performing Hajj; 19 00:00:55,920 --> 00:00:58,270 and fasting the month of Ramadan." 20 00:00:58,270 --> 00:01:02,070 Commentary on the hadith: 21 00:01:02,070 --> 00:01:04,069 Regarding the phrase "and it consists of speech and action": 22 00:01:04,069 --> 00:01:06,069 What is meant by "speech" 23 00:01:06,069 --> 00:01:08,069 is the verbal articulation of the two testimonies of faith (Shahadatayn). 24 00:01:08,069 --> 00:01:09,569 And by "action" 25 00:01:09,569 --> 00:01:13,069 is meant a general term encompassing the actions of both the heart and the physical limbs, 26 00:01:13,069 --> 00:01:16,069 so as to include internal beliefs and external acts of worship. 27 00:01:16,069 --> 00:01:18,069 Thus, the salaf (early generations) stated: 28 00:01:18,069 --> 00:01:20,569 "Faith is belief in the heart, 29 00:01:20,569 --> 00:01:22,569 verbal articulation with the tongue, 30 00:01:22,569 --> 00:01:25,299 and righteous action with the physical limbs." 31 00:01:25,299 --> 00:01:27,299 Regarding "and it increases and decreases": 32 00:01:27,299 --> 00:01:30,299 That is, faith increases through acts of obedience 33 00:01:30,299 --> 00:01:32,299 and decreases through acts of disobedience. 34 00:01:32,299 --> 00:01:34,489 Regarding "upon five": 35 00:01:34,489 --> 00:01:37,489 Meaning upon five pillars or foundations. 36 00:01:37,489 --> 00:01:39,780 Regarding "paying zakat": 37 00:01:39,780 --> 00:01:42,780 It means giving it to those who are eligible to receive it. 38 00:01:42,780 --> 00:01:47,500 Benefits derived from the hadith: 39 00:01:47,500 --> 00:01:49,540 First: 40 00:01:49,540 --> 00:01:51,540 The hadith constitutes one of the foundational pillars of Islam 41 00:01:51,540 --> 00:01:53,540 and an all-encompassing principle of its rulings. 42 00:01:53,540 --> 00:01:55,540 Jihad was not mentioned within it 43 00:01:55,540 --> 00:01:58,540 because it is a communal obligation (fard kifayah), 44 00:01:58,540 --> 00:02:01,700 whereas these are individual obligations (fard 'ayn). 45 00:02:01,700 --> 00:02:03,700 Second: 46 00:02:03,700 --> 00:02:08,050 Through faith, the servant earns praise and Allah's divine guardianship. 47 00:02:08,050 --> 00:02:10,050 Third: 48 00:02:10,050 --> 00:02:13,050 Faith encompasses internal affirmation by the heart, 49 00:02:13,050 --> 00:02:15,050 verbal affirmation by the tongue, 50 00:02:15,050 --> 00:02:17,340 and practical implementation with the limbs. 51 00:02:17,340 --> 00:02:19,340 Fourth: 52 00:02:19,340 --> 00:02:22,340 The term "Islam" is applied to external actions, 53 00:02:22,340 --> 00:02:28,289 and "Islam" and "faith" (Iman) may sometimes be used synonymously. 54 00:02:28,289 --> 00:02:31,740 Chapter: Matters of Faith. 55 00:02:31,740 --> 00:02:34,740 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 56 00:02:34,740 --> 00:02:38,800 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 57 00:02:38,800 --> 00:02:41,800 "Faith has sixty-odd branches, 58 00:02:41,800 --> 00:02:45,800 and modesty (haya') is a branch of faith." 59 00:02:45,800 --> 00:02:49,340 Commentary on the hadith: 60 00:02:49,340 --> 00:02:51,789 "Biḍ'" (sixty-odd): 61 00:02:51,789 --> 00:02:54,789 It refers to any number between three and nine. 62 00:02:54,789 --> 00:02:56,979 "Shu'bah" (branch): 63 00:02:56,979 --> 00:02:59,180 Meaning a specific trait or attribute. 64 00:02:59,180 --> 00:03:00,180 "Al-Haya'" (modesty): 65 00:03:00,180 --> 00:03:03,180 It is an inner character trait that prompts the avoidance of shameful deeds 66 00:03:03,180 --> 00:03:07,879 and prevents one from neglecting the rights of any rightful claimant. 67 00:03:07,879 --> 00:03:11,620 Benefits derived from the hadith: 68 00:03:11,620 --> 00:03:12,620 First: 69 00:03:12,620 --> 00:03:17,620 The hadith explicitly designates outward actions under the legal term of faith. 70 00:03:17,620 --> 00:03:19,840 Second: 71 00:03:19,840 --> 00:03:22,840 Modesty may be an acquired quality, 72 00:03:22,840 --> 00:03:24,840 or it may be an innate disposition. 73 00:03:24,840 --> 00:03:27,840 Employing it in accordance with the Shariah 74 00:03:27,840 --> 00:03:30,840 requires conscious acquisition, sincere intention, and knowledge; 75 00:03:30,840 --> 00:03:33,840 only then does it become a true component of faith. 76 00:03:33,840 --> 00:03:35,969 Third: 77 00:03:35,969 --> 00:03:38,969 Modesty motivates the performance of righteous deeds 78 00:03:38,969 --> 00:03:40,969 and serves as a deterrent against sins. 79 00:03:40,969 --> 00:03:44,180 Chapter: 80 00:03:44,180 --> 00:03:49,180 A true Muslim is the one from whose tongue and hand Muslims are safe. 81 00:03:49,180 --> 00:03:54,009 On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), 82 00:03:54,009 --> 00:03:58,009 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 83 00:03:58,009 --> 00:04:03,009 "A true Muslim is the one from whose tongue and hand Muslims are safe, 84 00:04:03,009 --> 00:04:07,009 and the true emigrant (muhajir) is the one who abandons what Allah has forbidden." 85 00:04:07,009 --> 00:04:11,319 Commentary on the hadith: 86 00:04:11,319 --> 00:04:12,319 "The emigrant" (al-muhajir): 87 00:04:12,319 --> 00:04:15,319 Refers fundamentally to one who departs from their homeland. 88 00:04:15,319 --> 00:04:17,319 Hijrah is of two types: 89 00:04:17,319 --> 00:04:18,319 inward, 90 00:04:18,319 --> 00:04:23,319 which is abandoning that toward which the evil-inciting soul and Satan call; 91 00:04:23,319 --> 00:04:25,319 and outward, 92 00:04:25,319 --> 00:04:28,319 which is fleeing with one's religion away from trials and tribulations. 93 00:04:28,319 --> 00:04:29,540 "Hajara" (abandoned): 94 00:04:29,540 --> 00:04:32,540 Meaning he left it behind and turned away from it completely. 95 00:04:32,540 --> 00:04:36,120 Benefits derived from the hadith: 96 00:04:36,120 --> 00:04:37,660 First: 97 00:04:37,660 --> 00:04:42,660 The complete Muslim is the one who harms no fellow Muslim by word or deed; 98 00:04:42,660 --> 00:04:46,660 the most virtuous of Muslims is the one who fulfills the rights of Allah the Almighty 99 00:04:46,660 --> 00:04:49,660 and upholds the rights of the Muslims. 100 00:04:49,660 --> 00:04:51,819 Second: 101 00:04:51,819 --> 00:04:57,819 The hadith showcases the Prophet's (peace be upon him) concise and eloquent speech, 102 00:04:57,819 --> 00:04:58,819 just as it is idiomatically said: 103 00:04:58,819 --> 00:05:00,819 "True wealth is camels," 104 00:05:00,819 --> 00:05:02,819 and "True mankind is the Arabs," 105 00:05:02,819 --> 00:05:05,819 used for emphasizing excellence rather than absolute restriction. 106 00:05:05,819 --> 00:05:08,779 Chapter: 107 00:05:08,779 --> 00:05:11,779 Which practice of Islam is best? 108 00:05:11,779 --> 00:05:15,189 On the authority of Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 109 00:05:15,189 --> 00:05:18,189 They asked: "O Messenger of Allah, 110 00:05:18,189 --> 00:05:20,189 which practice of Islam is best?" 111 00:05:20,189 --> 00:05:22,189 He replied: 112 00:05:22,189 --> 00:05:26,189 "The one from whose tongue and hand Muslims are safe." 113 00:05:26,189 --> 00:05:29,670 Commentary on the hadith: 114 00:05:29,670 --> 00:05:32,339 "Which practice of Islam is best?": 115 00:05:32,339 --> 00:05:35,339 Meaning which traits of Islam are most virtuous. 116 00:05:35,339 --> 00:05:38,699 Benefits derived from the hadith: 117 00:05:38,699 --> 00:05:40,589 First: 118 00:05:40,589 --> 00:05:42,589 The hand was singled out for mention 119 00:05:42,589 --> 00:05:44,589 because most actions are carried out with it, 120 00:05:44,589 --> 00:05:46,589 and likewise the tongue, 121 00:05:46,589 --> 00:05:50,589 because it expresses what lies within the soul. 122 00:05:50,589 --> 00:05:51,589 Second: 123 00:05:51,589 --> 00:05:55,589 It urges the complete abstention from harming Muslims in any manner, 124 00:05:55,589 --> 00:05:57,589 the essence of which 125 00:05:57,589 --> 00:05:59,589 lies in good character. 126 00:05:59,589 --> 00:06:00,779 Third: 127 00:06:00,779 --> 00:06:03,779 The hadith contains a refutation of the Murji'ah sect, 128 00:06:03,779 --> 00:06:07,779 for they do not acknowledge varying degrees of deficient Islam. 129 00:06:07,779 --> 00:06:11,800 Chapter: 130 00:06:11,800 --> 00:06:14,800 Feeding others is part of Islam. 131 00:06:14,800 --> 00:06:19,279 On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), 132 00:06:19,279 --> 00:06:23,279 that a man asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): 133 00:06:23,279 --> 00:06:26,279 "Which practice of Islam is best?" 134 00:06:26,279 --> 00:06:27,279 He replied: 135 00:06:27,279 --> 00:06:29,279 "To offer food, 136 00:06:29,279 --> 00:06:34,279 and to extend greetings of peace to those you know and those you do not know." 137 00:06:35,600 --> 00:06:37,600 Commentary on the hadith: 138 00:06:37,600 --> 00:06:40,209 "Part of Islam": 139 00:06:40,209 --> 00:06:43,339 Meaning among its noble characteristics and branches. 140 00:06:43,339 --> 00:06:45,339 "To offer food": 141 00:06:45,339 --> 00:06:48,339 Meaning to serve food to guests and others in need. 142 00:06:48,529 --> 00:06:50,529 "To extend greetings of peace": 143 00:06:50,529 --> 00:06:52,529 Meaning to offer the salam, 144 00:06:52,529 --> 00:06:54,529 the most complete form of which is saying: 145 00:06:54,529 --> 00:06:58,850 "As-salamu 'alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh" (May the peace, mercy, and blessings of Allah be upon you). 146 00:06:58,850 --> 00:07:01,850 "To those you know and those you do not know": 147 00:07:01,850 --> 00:07:04,850 Meaning specifically among the Muslims, 148 00:07:04,850 --> 00:07:07,850 for the greeting of peace is the distinct hallmark of Islam 149 00:07:07,850 --> 00:07:11,329 and an established right for every Muslim. 150 00:07:11,329 --> 00:07:15,029 Benefits derived from the hadith: 151 00:07:15,029 --> 00:07:16,029 First: 152 00:07:16,029 --> 00:07:18,029 Among the most virtuous physical actions 153 00:07:18,029 --> 00:07:20,029 is feeding others, 154 00:07:20,029 --> 00:07:23,029 which sustains the physical body, 155 00:07:23,029 --> 00:07:26,029 and the best speech in benevolence and honor 156 00:07:26,029 --> 00:07:28,290 is spreading the greeting of peace. 157 00:07:28,290 --> 00:07:30,290 Second: 158 00:07:30,290 --> 00:07:32,290 Extending salam universally to all people 159 00:07:32,290 --> 00:07:35,290 ensures that the act remains purely for the sake of Allah the Almighty, 160 00:07:35,290 --> 00:07:38,290 free from selfish motives, favoritism, and pretension. 161 00:07:38,290 --> 00:07:40,480 Third: 162 00:07:40,480 --> 00:07:43,480 It encourages noble virtues of character, 163 00:07:43,480 --> 00:07:47,910 such as generosity and humility. 164 00:07:47,910 --> 00:07:48,910 Chapter: 165 00:07:48,910 --> 00:07:53,910 Loving for one's brother what one loves for oneself is part of faith. 166 00:07:53,910 --> 00:07:57,459 On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), 167 00:07:57,459 --> 00:08:01,459 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 168 00:08:01,459 --> 00:08:03,459 "None of you truly believes 169 00:08:03,459 --> 00:08:09,060 until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself." 170 00:08:09,060 --> 00:08:12,740 Commentary on the hadith: 171 00:08:12,740 --> 00:08:16,740 "Part of faith": meaning among the branches of faith. 172 00:08:16,740 --> 00:08:18,740 "None of you truly believes": 173 00:08:18,740 --> 00:08:21,800 Meaning his faith is not complete 174 00:08:21,800 --> 00:08:24,800 "until he loves": referring to goodness, 175 00:08:24,800 --> 00:08:30,310 where love represents the natural inclination toward that which pleases the person. 176 00:08:30,310 --> 00:08:34,139 Benefits derived from the hadith: 177 00:08:34,139 --> 00:08:35,139 First: 178 00:08:35,139 --> 00:08:37,139 It is among the branches of faith 179 00:08:37,139 --> 00:08:41,139 to love for one's brother the same goodness one loves for oneself. 180 00:08:41,139 --> 00:08:43,269 Second: 181 00:08:43,269 --> 00:08:47,269 It also entails disliking for one's brother the same evil one dislikes for oneself. 182 00:08:47,269 --> 00:08:51,419 Chapter: 183 00:08:51,419 --> 00:08:56,899 Loving the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is part of faith. 184 00:08:56,899 --> 00:08:59,899 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 185 00:08:59,899 --> 00:09:03,899 that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 186 00:09:03,899 --> 00:09:06,929 "By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, 187 00:09:06,929 --> 00:09:14,440 none of you truly believes until I am more beloved to him than his parent and his child." 188 00:09:14,440 --> 00:09:17,440 On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 189 00:09:17,440 --> 00:09:21,440 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 190 00:09:21,440 --> 00:09:31,019 "None of you truly believes until I am more beloved to him than his parent, his child, and all of mankind." 191 00:09:31,019 --> 00:09:34,559 Commentary on the hadith: 192 00:09:34,559 --> 00:09:36,559 Regarding "than his parent and his child": 193 00:09:36,559 --> 00:09:39,559 They are dearer to a person than general family and wealth. 194 00:09:39,559 --> 00:09:43,559 The mention of "all of mankind" is a conjunction of the general following the specific, 195 00:09:43,559 --> 00:09:48,559 and love for the rest of humanity is an elective, appreciative love. 196 00:09:48,559 --> 00:09:53,029 Benefits derived from the hadith: 197 00:09:53,029 --> 00:09:59,159 First: The permissibility of swearing an oath regarding an important matter without being asked to do so. 198 00:09:59,159 --> 00:10:04,159 Second: Everyone who believes in the Prophet (peace be upon him) 199 00:10:04,159 --> 00:10:09,159 will not be devoid of experiencing something of that predominant love. 200 00:10:09,159 --> 00:10:14,539 Thirdly, loving him (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) entails 201 00:10:14,539 --> 00:10:18,539 supporting his Sunnah and defending his Sacred Law. 202 00:10:18,539 --> 00:10:23,240 Chapter: The Sweetness of Faith. 203 00:10:23,240 --> 00:10:26,820 On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), 204 00:10:26,820 --> 00:10:30,820 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 205 00:10:30,820 --> 00:10:35,850 "Whoever possesses three qualities will taste the sweetness of faith: 206 00:10:35,850 --> 00:10:40,879 that Allah and His Messenger are more beloved to him than anything else; 207 00:10:40,879 --> 00:10:45,879 that he loves a person solely for the sake of Allah; 208 00:10:45,879 --> 00:10:50,940 and that he hates returning to disbelief after Allah has saved him from it, 209 00:10:50,940 --> 00:10:54,940 just as he hates being cast into the Fire." 210 00:10:54,940 --> 00:10:58,649 Commentary on the Hadith: 211 00:10:58,649 --> 00:11:02,220 "Possesses" (kunna) means they are realized and attained. 212 00:11:02,220 --> 00:11:04,419 "The sweetness of faith" 213 00:11:04,419 --> 00:11:06,419 means finding pleasure in acts of obedience, 214 00:11:06,419 --> 00:11:09,419 enduring hardships for the sake of religion, 215 00:11:09,419 --> 00:11:13,419 and prioritizing that over worldly gains. 216 00:11:13,419 --> 00:11:16,639 "Loves him solely for the sake of Allah" 217 00:11:16,639 --> 00:11:19,639 refers to love purely stripped of selfish desires 218 00:11:19,639 --> 00:11:23,639 and free from worldly motives. 219 00:11:23,639 --> 00:11:25,899 "Returning to disbelief" 220 00:11:25,899 --> 00:11:29,899 means lapsing into it and becoming settled in it. 221 00:11:29,899 --> 00:11:33,629 Key Takeaways from the Hadith: 222 00:11:33,629 --> 00:11:35,370 First: 223 00:11:35,370 --> 00:11:38,370 The servant's love for Allah 224 00:11:38,370 --> 00:11:41,370 is achieved through obeying Him and abandoning disobedience to Him. 225 00:11:41,370 --> 00:11:43,620 Second: 226 00:11:43,620 --> 00:11:46,620 Love for the Messenger (peace be upon him) 227 00:11:46,620 --> 00:11:48,620 is achieved by following him. 228 00:11:48,620 --> 00:11:50,850 Third: 229 00:11:50,850 --> 00:11:53,850 Encouragement of loving one another for the sake of Allah Almighty. 230 00:11:53,850 --> 00:11:55,850 Malik said: 231 00:11:55,850 --> 00:11:59,850 "Loving for the sake of Allah is among the obligatory duties of Islam." 232 00:11:59,850 --> 00:12:02,009 Fourth: 233 00:12:02,009 --> 00:12:05,009 The believer knows that the disbeliever is in the Fire, 234 00:12:05,009 --> 00:12:07,009 so he hates disbelief 235 00:12:07,009 --> 00:12:10,009 just as he hates entering the Fire. 236 00:12:10,009 --> 00:12:12,990 Chapter: 237 00:12:12,990 --> 00:12:16,990 Loving the Ansar is a Sign of Faith. 238 00:12:16,990 --> 00:12:20,789 On the authority of Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him), 239 00:12:20,789 --> 00:12:24,789 from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 240 00:12:24,789 --> 00:12:28,860 "The sign of faith is love for the Ansar, 241 00:12:28,860 --> 00:12:33,860 and the sign of hypocrisy is hatred for the Ansar." 242 00:12:33,860 --> 00:12:37,690 Commentary on the Hadith: 243 00:12:37,690 --> 00:12:40,389 "The sign of faith" 244 00:12:40,389 --> 00:12:43,580 means its indicator and proof. 245 00:12:43,580 --> 00:12:45,580 "Love for the Ansar" — 246 00:12:45,580 --> 00:12:47,580 they are the tribes of al-Aws and al-Khazraj. 247 00:12:47,580 --> 00:12:51,580 Thus, whoever recognizes their support for him (peace be upon him) 248 00:12:51,580 --> 00:12:53,580 will necessarily love them, 249 00:12:53,580 --> 00:12:57,679 thereby attaining a branch of faith. 250 00:12:57,679 --> 00:13:00,679 "And the sign of hypocrisy is hatred for the Ansar" 251 00:13:00,679 --> 00:13:06,679 means that whoever hates them because they aided the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 252 00:13:06,679 --> 00:13:08,679 is a hypocrite. 253 00:13:08,679 --> 00:13:13,220 Key Takeaways from the Hadith: 254 00:13:13,220 --> 00:13:14,220 First: 255 00:13:14,220 --> 00:13:18,220 Loving the Ansar is a branch of faith. 256 00:13:18,220 --> 00:13:20,340 Second: 257 00:13:20,340 --> 00:13:23,340 Loving them falls under the general scope of his saying: 258 00:13:23,340 --> 00:13:26,340 "loves him solely for the sake of Allah," 259 00:13:26,340 --> 00:13:32,330 and singling them out for mention demonstrates their high esteem. 260 00:13:32,330 --> 00:13:33,330 Chapter. 261 00:13:33,330 --> 00:13:38,679 On the authority of 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 262 00:13:38,679 --> 00:13:43,679 "I pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) among a small group, 263 00:13:43,679 --> 00:13:45,679 and he said: 264 00:13:45,679 --> 00:13:49,679 'Pledge allegiance to me that you will not associate anything with Allah, 265 00:13:49,679 --> 00:13:51,679 nor steal, 266 00:13:51,679 --> 00:13:53,679 nor commit unlawful intercourse, 267 00:13:53,679 --> 00:13:56,679 nor kill your children, 268 00:13:56,679 --> 00:14:02,679 nor bring a slander that you invent between your hands and feet, 269 00:14:02,679 --> 00:14:06,809 nor disobey me in what is right. 270 00:14:06,809 --> 00:14:08,809 Whoever among you fulfills this, 271 00:14:08,809 --> 00:14:10,809 his reward rests with Allah; 272 00:14:10,809 --> 00:14:13,870 and whoever commits any of these [sins] 273 00:14:13,870 --> 00:14:15,870 and is punished for it in this world, 274 00:14:15,870 --> 00:14:19,899 it shall serve as an expiation and purification for him. 275 00:14:19,899 --> 00:14:21,899 But whoever is concealed by Allah, 276 00:14:21,899 --> 00:14:23,899 his matter rests with Allah: 277 00:14:23,899 --> 00:14:25,899 if He wills, He will punish him, 278 00:14:25,899 --> 00:14:29,580 and if He wills, He will forgive him.'" 279 00:14:29,580 --> 00:14:33,250 Commentary on the Hadith: 280 00:14:33,250 --> 00:14:36,250 This hadith is connected to what preceded it, 281 00:14:36,250 --> 00:14:39,250 as the narrator is from the Ansar, 282 00:14:39,250 --> 00:14:43,250 and it demonstrates that avoiding prohibitions is part of faith. 283 00:14:43,250 --> 00:14:46,629 "I pledged allegiance" means: I entered into a covenant. 284 00:14:46,629 --> 00:14:50,629 "A small group" (raht) refers to a group of fewer than ten men. 285 00:14:50,629 --> 00:14:53,919 "Nor kill your children": 286 00:14:53,919 --> 00:14:56,919 because it is murder and severing the ties of kinship, 287 00:14:56,919 --> 00:15:00,019 and it was widespread among them. 288 00:15:00,019 --> 00:15:03,019 "With slander" means: with falsehood. 289 00:15:03,019 --> 00:15:06,019 "You invent" means: you fabricate. 290 00:15:06,019 --> 00:15:09,080 "Between your hands and feet": 291 00:15:09,080 --> 00:15:12,080 he attributed the slander to the hands and feet 292 00:15:12,080 --> 00:15:15,080 because they are the instruments of human action. 293 00:15:15,080 --> 00:15:19,110 "Nor disobey me" means: do not oppose my command. 294 00:15:19,110 --> 00:15:21,110 "In what is right" (ma'ruf): 295 00:15:21,110 --> 00:15:26,110 ma'ruf is whatever is recognized by the Lawgiver as good, whether a command or a prohibition. 296 00:15:26,110 --> 00:15:28,299 "Whoever fulfills" 297 00:15:28,299 --> 00:15:30,299 means: whoever remains steadfast upon the covenant. 298 00:15:30,299 --> 00:15:32,399 "Is punished" 299 00:15:32,399 --> 00:15:35,259 means: receives the prescribed legal penalty. 300 00:15:35,259 --> 00:15:39,190 Key Takeaways from the Hadith: 301 00:15:39,190 --> 00:15:40,190 First: 302 00:15:40,190 --> 00:15:44,190 The prohibition of polytheism, theft, unlawful intercourse, and falsehood. 303 00:15:44,190 --> 00:15:46,220 Second: 304 00:15:46,220 --> 00:15:50,379 Obedience to a created being is only in that which does not involve sin. 305 00:15:50,379 --> 00:15:51,379 Third: 306 00:15:51,379 --> 00:15:56,480 It contains a refutation of the Kharijites, who declare Muslims disbelievers on account of sins. 307 00:15:56,480 --> 00:15:57,480 Fourth: 308 00:15:57,480 --> 00:16:01,480 Applying the prescribed legal penalty serves as an expiation for the sin, 309 00:16:01,480 --> 00:16:02,480 though it was also said 310 00:16:02,480 --> 00:16:07,659 that repentance is indispensable. 311 00:16:07,659 --> 00:16:11,659 Fleeing from trials and tribulations is part of religion. 312 00:16:11,659 --> 00:16:16,200 On the authority of 'Abdullah ibn Abi Sa'sa'ah, who said 313 00:16:16,200 --> 00:16:20,200 that Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) said to him: 314 00:16:20,200 --> 00:16:24,330 "I see that you love sheep and tend to them; 315 00:16:24,330 --> 00:16:28,330 so take good care of them and wipe their nostrils, 316 00:16:28,330 --> 00:16:33,360 for indeed I heard the Prophet (peace be upon him) say: 317 00:16:33,360 --> 00:16:36,360 'A time will come upon the people 318 00:16:36,360 --> 00:16:40,360 when the best wealth of a Muslim will be sheep, 319 00:16:40,360 --> 00:16:45,360 which he follows along the mountain peaks 320 00:16:45,360 --> 00:16:48,360 and places of rainfall, 321 00:16:48,360 --> 00:16:52,360 fleeing with his religion from tribulations.'" 322 00:16:52,360 --> 00:16:56,220 Commentary on the Hadith: 323 00:16:56,220 --> 00:16:58,220 "And wipe their nostrils" 324 00:16:58,220 --> 00:17:01,220 refers to cleaning the mucus that flows from their noses. 325 00:17:01,220 --> 00:17:04,220 Sheep were mentioned because of their blessing 326 00:17:04,220 --> 00:17:07,220 and because the Prophets (peace be upon them) shepherded them. 327 00:17:07,220 --> 00:17:11,380 "Mountain peaks" (sha'ath al-jibal) means their summits. 328 00:17:11,380 --> 00:17:15,539 "Places of rainfall" means the valley beds. 329 00:17:15,539 --> 00:17:20,670 "Fleeing with his religion" means escaping to safeguard his faith. 330 00:17:20,670 --> 00:17:24,180 Key Takeaways from the Hadith: 331 00:17:24,180 --> 00:17:30,140 First: The virtue of seclusion during times of tribulation 332 00:17:30,140 --> 00:17:32,140 to ensure the safety of one's religion. 333 00:17:32,140 --> 00:17:34,210 Second: 334 00:17:34,210 --> 00:17:36,210 The merit of striving for lawful earnings 335 00:17:36,210 --> 00:17:39,210 and attending to one's livelihood. 336 00:17:39,210 --> 00:17:45,220 Chapter: The Statement of the Prophet (peace be upon him): 337 00:17:45,220 --> 00:17:48,220 "I am the most knowledgeable among you concerning Allah," 338 00:17:48,220 --> 00:17:51,700 and that knowing Him is an act of the heart. 339 00:17:51,700 --> 00:17:53,700 On the authority of 'A'ishah, who said: 340 00:17:53,700 --> 00:17:56,700 "Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 341 00:17:56,700 --> 00:17:58,700 commanded them, 342 00:17:58,700 --> 00:18:02,700 he would only command them to do deeds that were within their capacity. 343 00:18:02,700 --> 00:18:03,740 They said: 344 00:18:03,740 --> 00:18:07,740 'We are not like you, O Messenger of Allah; 345 00:18:07,740 --> 00:18:13,799 Allah has already forgiven your past and future sins.' 346 00:18:13,799 --> 00:18:18,990 Thereupon, he would become angry until anger could be seen on his face, 347 00:18:18,990 --> 00:18:20,990 and then he would say: 348 00:18:20,990 --> 00:18:25,990 'Verily, the most God-fearing among you and the most knowledgeable concerning Allah is I.'" 349 00:18:25,990 --> 00:18:30,500 Commentary on the Hadith: 350 00:18:30,500 --> 00:18:33,500 "He commanded them to do deeds that were within their capacity" 351 00:18:33,500 --> 00:18:37,500 means what they could sustain continuously so that they would not grow weary. 352 00:18:37,500 --> 00:18:39,690 "We are not like you" 353 00:18:39,690 --> 00:18:42,690 means: our state is not like your state. 354 00:18:42,690 --> 00:18:47,690 They said that out of a desire to perform additional good deeds. 355 00:18:47,690 --> 00:18:49,910 "The most God-fearing among you" 356 00:18:49,910 --> 00:18:52,910 points to practical devotional strength, 357 00:18:52,910 --> 00:18:54,980 while "the most knowledgeable" 358 00:18:54,980 --> 00:18:57,980 points to cognitive, scholarly strength; 359 00:18:57,980 --> 00:19:02,980 and through both, the Prophet (peace be upon him) attained the pinnacle of perfection. 360 00:19:02,980 --> 00:19:06,619 Key Takeaways from the Hadith: 361 00:19:06,619 --> 00:19:09,480 First: 362 00:19:09,480 --> 00:19:12,480 Faith is not complete through verbal profession alone 363 00:19:12,480 --> 00:19:15,480 unless accompanied by inner conviction, 364 00:19:15,480 --> 00:19:19,480 and conviction is an act of the heart that bears the fruit of righteous deeds. 365 00:19:19,480 --> 00:19:21,700 Second: 366 00:19:21,700 --> 00:19:23,700 Knowledge of Allah exists in degrees, 367 00:19:23,700 --> 00:19:26,700 where some excel over others, 368 00:19:26,700 --> 00:19:31,700 and the Prophet (peace be upon him) occupies the highest degree of it, 369 00:19:31,700 --> 00:19:34,700 being the standard in all matters. 370 00:19:34,700 --> 00:19:36,930 Third: 371 00:19:36,930 --> 00:19:38,930 What is optimal in worship 372 00:19:38,930 --> 00:19:40,930 is moderation and consistency, 373 00:19:40,930 --> 00:19:43,930 not excess that leads to abandonment, 374 00:19:43,930 --> 00:19:45,930 for religion is ease. 375 00:19:45,930 --> 00:19:48,250 Fourth: 376 00:19:48,250 --> 00:19:51,250 When a servant reaches the ultimate state in worship, 377 00:19:51,250 --> 00:19:54,250 it should further motivate him to persist in it, 378 00:19:54,250 --> 00:19:56,250 so as to preserve the blessing 379 00:19:56,250 --> 00:19:59,250 and seek its increase through gratitude. 380 00:19:59,250 --> 00:20:01,539 Fifth: 381 00:20:01,539 --> 00:20:05,859 The legitimacy of anger when a command of the Sacred Law is contested. 382 00:20:05,859 --> 00:20:07,859 Sixth: 383 00:20:07,859 --> 00:20:11,859 The Companions were the keenest of people in complying, 384 00:20:11,859 --> 00:20:13,859 the most complete in obedience, 385 00:20:13,859 --> 00:20:17,859 and the most eager to increase in good deeds.