WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.589 --> 00:00:12.710 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.050 --> 00:00:16.329 Surah al-Jathiyah. 00:00:18.760 --> 00:00:23.120 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.359 --> 00:00:30.449 “Allah it is Who hath made the sea of service unto you that the ships may run thereon by His command, and that ye may seek of His bounty, and that haply ye may be thankful;” (45:12) 00:00:30.449 --> 00:00:40.250 So that you may seek His bounty and perhaps you may be grateful. 00:00:41.549 --> 00:00:44.869 Allah, besides Whom no divinity is worthy of worship. 00:00:45.229 --> 00:00:48.869 He has subjected the sea to you so that ships may sail upon it by His command. 00:00:49.109 --> 00:00:52.909 For your livelihoods in the land, to seek His bounty therein. 00:00:53.350 --> 00:00:59.030 And so that you may thank your Lord for subjecting this to you, and thus worship and obey Him. 00:01:00.539 --> 00:01:16.500 “And hath made of service unto you whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth; it is all from Him. Lo! herein verily are portents for a people who reflect.” (45:13) 00:01:17.739 --> 00:01:22.299 He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens, such as the sun, the moon, and the stars. 00:01:22.620 --> 00:01:30.299 And whatever is on the earth, such as animals, trees, mountains, inanimate objects, and ships, for your benefit and interests. 00:01:30.780 --> 00:01:34.459 All that I have mentioned to you, O people, of these blessings. 00:01:34.780 --> 00:01:40.379 Are from Allah, who has bestowed them upon you, and are a favor He has granted you. 00:01:41.019 --> 00:01:47.700 Indeed, in Allah’s subjecting these things to you are signs and proofs that there is no god for you other than Him. 00:01:48.099 --> 00:01:53.180 For a people who reflect upon the signs and arguments of Allah and take heed. 00:01:54.730 --> 00:02:09.770 “Tell those who believe to forgive those who hope not for the days of Allah; in order that He may requite folk what they used to earn.” (45:14) 00:02:11.050 --> 00:02:14.409 Say, O Muhammad, to those who have believed in Allah and followed you: 00:02:14.969 --> 00:02:19.930 Let them forgive those who do not fear the punishment of Allah, His sudden strikes, and His retribution. 00:02:20.490 --> 00:02:23.129 When they are afflicted by them with harm and deception. 00:02:23.610 --> 00:02:27.770 So that Allah may recompense those among the polytheists who harm them. 00:02:28.250 --> 00:02:32.969 And inflict upon them His punishment for the sins they committed in this world. 00:02:34.939 --> 00:02:49.319 “Whoso doeth right, it is for his soul, and whoso doeth wrong, it is against it. And afterward unto your Lord ye will be brought back.” (45:15) 00:02:50.699 --> 00:02:55.500 Whoever does a righteous deed, he does it for his own soul. 00:02:56.060 --> 00:03:00.219 And whoever does evil in this world, it is against his own soul. 00:03:01.129 --> 00:03:04.490 Then, after your death, you will return to your Lord. 00:03:05.129 --> 00:03:09.129 He will recompense the doer of good for his goodness and the evildoer for his evil. 00:03:11.099 --> 00:03:19.979 “And verily we gave the Children of Israel the Scripture and the Command and the Prophethood, and provided them with good things and favoured them above (all) peoples;” (45:16) 00:03:20.460 --> 00:03:28.060 “And verily we gave the Children of Israel the Scripture and the Command and the Prophethood, and provided them with good things and favoured them above (all) peoples;” (45:16) 00:03:29.099 --> 00:03:34.060 “And gave them plain commandments. And they differed not until after the knowledge came unto them, through rivalry among themselves. Lo! thy Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that wherein they used to differ.” (45:17) 00:03:34.860 --> 00:03:43.180 “And gave them plain commandments. And they differed not until after the knowledge came unto them, through rivalry among themselves. Lo! thy Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that wherein they used to differ.” (45:17) 00:03:43.740 --> 00:03:52.780 Indeed, your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection regarding that over which they used to differ. 00:03:54.379 --> 00:03:59.180 We gave, O Muhammad, the Children of Israel the Torah and the Gospel. 00:03:59.659 --> 00:04:02.300 And understanding of the Book and knowledge of the Sunnah. 00:04:02.939 --> 00:04:06.219 And We made from among them prophets and messengers to the creation. 00:04:06.860 --> 00:04:09.659 And We provided them with good and pure provisions. 00:04:10.139 --> 00:04:13.340 And We favored them over the people of their time. 00:04:13.900 --> 00:04:17.740 And We gave the Children of Israel clear proofs of Our command. 00:04:18.379 --> 00:04:24.300 “Lo! religion with Allah (is) the Surrender (to His Will and Guidance). Those who (formerly) received the Scripture differed only after knowledge came unto them, through transgression among themselves. Whoso disbelieveth the revelations of Allah (will find that) lo! Allah is swift at reckoning.” (3:19) 00:04:25.160 --> 00:04:32.279 Indeed, your Lord, O Muhammad, will judge on the Day of Resurrection between those of the Children of Israel who differed out of transgression. 00:04:32.759 --> 00:04:35.639 Regarding that which they used to differ over in the world. 00:04:36.199 --> 00:04:39.240 He will then grant victory to the one who is in the right over the one who is in the wrong. 00:04:41.509 --> 00:04:49.019 “And now have We set thee (O Muhammad) on a clear road of (Our) commandment; so follow it, and follow not the whims of those who know not.” (45:18) 00:04:49.899 --> 00:04:57.420 “And now have We set thee (O Muhammad) on a clear road of (Our) commandment; so follow it, and follow not the whims of those who know not.” (45:18) 00:04:58.060 --> 00:05:04.139 They will not avail you against Allah in anything. 00:05:04.459 --> 00:05:10.699 “Lo! they can avail thee naught against Allah. And lo! as for the wrong-doers, some of them are friends of others; and Allah is the Friend of those who ward off (evil).” (45:19) 00:05:11.500 --> 00:05:14.860 And Allah is the Protector of the righteous. 00:05:16.790 --> 00:05:22.389 Then We placed you, O Muhammad, upon a path, a Sunnah, and a methodology of Our command. 00:05:22.949 --> 00:05:26.230 So follow that law which We have ordained for you. 00:05:26.790 --> 00:05:30.149 And do not follow the desires of those who are ignorant of Allah. 00:05:30.629 --> 00:05:33.589 Those who do not distinguish truth from falsehood. 00:05:34.389 --> 00:05:39.430 Indeed, these ignorant ones will not avail you against the punishment of Allah in anything. 00:05:39.910 --> 00:05:42.389 They cannot avert it from you nor save you from it. 00:05:43.029 --> 00:05:45.910 And the wrongdoers are allies of one another. 00:05:46.550 --> 00:05:51.430 And Allah is the Protector of those who fear Him by performing His obligatory duties and avoiding His prohibitions. 00:05:51.910 --> 00:05:53.509 So be among the righteous. 00:05:53.910 --> 00:05:57.829 Allah will suffice you against the plots of these polytheists. 00:06:04.819 --> 00:06:09.769 This Book which We have revealed to you, O Muhammad. 00:06:10.170 --> 00:06:14.089 Is a source of insight for the people, through which they see the truth from falsehood. 00:06:14.649 --> 00:06:20.490 And a guidance and mercy for a people who are certain of the truth of this Qur'an. 00:06:36.100 --> 00:06:41.060 Or do those who commit evil deeds in this world think? 00:06:41.540 --> 00:06:46.579 That We will make them in the Hereafter like those who believed in Allah and did righteous deeds? 00:06:47.060 --> 00:06:49.589 That their life will be the same. 00:06:50.069 --> 00:06:52.310 And their death will be the same. 00:06:52.790 --> 00:06:54.790 Evil is the judgment they have made. 00:06:55.269 --> 00:06:58.069 That they will be equal in life and death. 00:06:58.790 --> 00:07:00.790 And that their death will be equal. 00:07:01.269 --> 00:07:03.269 And that their death will be equal. 00:07:04.149 --> 00:07:06.149 Evil is the judgment they have made. 00:07:06.470 --> 00:07:11.829 That We would make those who committed evil and those who believed and did righteous deeds. 00:07:12.310 --> 00:07:14.790 Equal in their life and their death. 00:07:16.329 --> 00:07:20.569 “And Allah hath created the heavens and the earth with truth, and that every soul may be repaid what it hath earned. And they will not be wronged.” (45:22) 00:07:20.889 --> 00:07:25.050 “And Allah hath created the heavens and the earth with truth, and that every soul may be repaid what it hath earned. And they will not be wronged.” (45:22) 00:07:25.449 --> 00:07:29.930 “And Allah hath created the heavens and the earth with truth, and that every soul may be repaid what it hath earned. And they will not be wronged.” (45:22) 00:07:30.250 --> 00:07:32.250 And they will not be wronged. 00:07:33.990 --> 00:07:37.110 Allah created the heavens and the earth with justice. 00:07:37.589 --> 00:07:41.670 And it is part of the truth that We distinguish between the judgment of the evildoer and the doer of good. 00:07:42.230 --> 00:07:45.829 So that Allah may reward every worker for what he has done. 00:07:45.990 --> 00:07:47.990 The doer of good for his goodness. 00:07:48.310 --> 00:07:50.310 And the evildoer for what he deserves. 00:07:50.790 --> 00:07:53.430 We will not diminish the reward of the doer of good. 00:07:53.829 --> 00:07:55.829 Nor will We burden him with the sin of another. 00:07:56.310 --> 00:08:00.470 Nor will We give the evildoer the reward of another's good deeds to honor him. 00:08:01.860 --> 00:08:08.500 “Hast thou seen him who maketh his desire his god, and Allah sendeth him astray purposely, and sealeth up his hearing and his heart, and setteth on his sight a covering? Then who will lead him after Allah (hath condemned him)? Will ye not then heed?” (45:23) 00:08:09.060 --> 00:08:12.100 “Hast thou seen him who maketh his desire his god, and Allah sendeth him astray purposely, and sealeth up his hearing and his heart, and setteth on his sight a covering? Then who will lead him after Allah (hath condemned him)? Will ye not then heed?” (45:23) 00:08:12.420 --> 00:08:15.459 “Hast thou seen him who maketh his desire his god, and Allah sendeth him astray purposely, and sealeth up his hearing and his heart, and setteth on his sight a covering? Then who will lead him after Allah (hath condemned him)? Will ye not then heed?” (45:23) 00:08:15.459 --> 00:08:18.980 “Hast thou seen him who maketh his desire his god, and Allah sendeth him astray purposely, and sealeth up his hearing and his heart, and setteth on his sight a covering? Then who will lead him after Allah (hath condemned him)? Will ye not then heed?” (45:23) 00:08:19.540 --> 00:08:24.579 “Hast thou seen him who maketh his desire his god, and Allah sendeth him astray purposely, and sealeth up his hearing and his heart, and setteth on his sight a covering? Then who will lead him after Allah (hath condemned him)? Will ye not then heed?” (45:23) 00:08:25.139 --> 00:08:27.779 Will you not then remember? 00:08:29.350 --> 00:08:32.950 Have you seen, O Muhammad, the one who has taken his own desire as his god? 00:08:33.429 --> 00:08:34.950 So he worships whatever he desires. 00:08:35.509 --> 00:08:38.950 And Allah has led him astray despite his prior knowledge of him. 00:08:39.429 --> 00:08:44.149 Knowing that he would not be guided even if every sign came to him. 00:08:44.710 --> 00:08:49.509 And He has sealed his hearing so that he does not hear the admonitions of Allah and take heed. 00:08:50.070 --> 00:08:54.230 And He has also sealed his heart so that he does not understand anything through it. 00:08:54.710 --> 00:08:59.269 And He has placed a veil over his sight so that he does not see the proofs of Allah. 00:08:59.669 --> 00:09:02.389 To use them as evidence for His oneness. 00:09:02.950 --> 00:09:05.269 So who can guide him to the truth? 00:09:06.039 --> 00:09:08.440 Will you not then remember, O people? 00:09:08.759 --> 00:09:13.960 So know that whoever Allah does this to, as We have described, will never be guided. 00:09:15.399 --> 00:09:23.879 “And they say: There is naught but our life of the world; we die and we live, and naught destroyeth us save time; when they have no knowledge whatsoever of (all) that; they do but guess.” (45:24) 00:09:24.360 --> 00:09:31.720 They have no knowledge of that; they only conjecture. 00:09:33.179 --> 00:09:35.340 And these polytheists said: 00:09:35.820 --> 00:09:42.299 There is only our worldly life in which we exist; there is no life beyond it. 00:09:42.779 --> 00:09:46.620 We die, and our children live after us. 00:09:47.100 --> 00:09:50.940 So they considered the life of their children after them as a continuation of their own life. 00:09:51.500 --> 00:09:56.379 And nothing destroys us except the passage of nights and days and the length of life. 00:09:56.940 --> 00:10:00.220 These polytheists have no certain knowledge. 00:10:00.700 --> 00:10:03.340 They are only in conjecture regarding that. 00:10:03.820 --> 00:10:09.820 They are in doubt about the truth of what they utter with their tongues. 00:10:13.379 --> 00:10:31.700 “And when Our clear revelations are recited unto them their only argument is that they say: Bring (back) our fathers. then, if ye are truthful.” (45:25) 00:10:33.049 --> 00:10:39.690 And when Our clear and manifest verses, which negate doubt, are recited to these polytheists. 00:10:40.169 --> 00:10:46.730 They have no argument against Our Messenger who recites them to them, except to say to him: 00:10:47.210 --> 00:10:53.450 Bring back our forefathers who have died, if you are truthful in what you recite to us. 00:11:11.110 --> 00:11:27.340 Say, O Muhammad: Allah gives you life in this world, then He causes you to die, then He will gather you, alive, for the Day of Resurrection, about which there is no doubt. 00:11:27.899 --> 00:11:34.620 But most people, who are deniers of the Resurrection, do not know the truth of that. 00:11:36.009 --> 00:11:47.370 “And unto Allah belongeth the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth; and on the day when the Hour riseth, on that day those who follow falsehood will be lost.” (45:27) 00:11:48.889 --> 00:11:58.490 To Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and the gods and idols you call upon besides Him are subject to His decree. 00:11:58.970 --> 00:12:07.450 And on the day the Hour arrives, those who followed falsehood in this world, in their words and their claims of partners for Allah, will be at a loss. 00:12:08.580 --> 00:12:23.379 “And thou wilt see each nation crouching, each nation summoned to its record. (And it will be said unto them): This day ye are requited what ye used to do.” (45:28) 00:12:24.700 --> 00:12:34.940 And you will see, O Muhammad, on the day the Hour is established, the people of every nation and religion gathered, trembling on their knees from the terror of that day. 00:12:34.940 --> 00:12:48.700 Every nation and religion will be called to its record which was dictated to those who recorded it; it will be said to them: Today you are rewarded and given the wages of what you used to do in the world. 00:13:06.409 --> 00:13:15.299 It will be said to every nation called on the Day of Resurrection to its record: Today you are recompensed for what you used to do. 00:13:15.700 --> 00:13:24.340 So do not despair of Our reward for that, for if you deny it, the truth will be spoken against you; so read it. 00:13:24.659 --> 00:13:31.620 We used to have Our recorders write down your deeds, so they would establish them in the books and record them. 00:13:33.190 --> 00:13:45.509 “Then, as for those who believed and did good works, their Lord will bring them in unto His mercy. That is the evident triumph.” (45:30) 00:13:45.990 --> 00:14:00.230 “And as for those who disbelieved (it will be said unto them): Were not Our revelations recited unto you? But ye were scornful and became a guilty folk.” (45:31) 00:14:04.139 --> 00:14:12.139 So they believed in His oneness and acted upon what Allah commanded them, and their Lord will admit them into His Paradise by His mercy. 00:14:12.620 --> 00:14:22.620 And their entry into the mercy of Allah on that day is the attainment of what they were seeking, and the clear realization of their goal, for that is the ultimate success. 00:14:23.340 --> 00:14:32.059 As for those who denied the oneness of Allah, it will be said to them: Were My verses not recited to you in the world? 00:14:32.460 --> 00:14:40.379 But you grew arrogant toward hearing them and believing in them, and you were a people who committed sins and disbelief in Allah. 00:14:41.980 --> 00:14:52.379 “And when it was said: Lo! Allah's promise is the truth, and there is no doubt of the Hour's coming, ye said: We know not what the Hour is. We deem it naught but a conjecture, and we are by no means convinced.” (45:32) 00:14:52.860 --> 00:15:03.899 “And when it was said: Lo! Allah's promise is the truth, and there is no doubt of the Hour's coming, ye said: We know not what the Hour is. We deem it naught but a conjecture, and we are by no means convinced.” (45:32) 00:15:05.340 --> 00:15:15.740 And it will be said to them then, when it was said to you that the promise of Allah, which He promised His servants—that He would resurrect them after their death—is true. 00:15:16.460 --> 00:15:24.700 And that the Hour is coming, about which there is no doubt, you said: We do not know what the Hour is, out of denial of Allah’s promise. 00:15:25.259 --> 00:15:36.059 And you said: We do not think the Hour is coming except as a conjecture, and we are not certain that it is coming or that it will exist. 00:15:37.860 --> 00:15:46.740 And the evil of what they did will become apparent to them, and they will be surrounded by what they used to mock. 00:15:48.139 --> 00:15:54.059 And the ugliness and wickedness of the deeds they committed in the world will appear to them there. 00:15:54.539 --> 00:16:00.139 And they will be surrounded by the punishment of Allah, which they used to mock. 00:16:01.590 --> 00:16:14.789 “And it will be said: This day We forget you, even as ye forgot the meeting of this your day; and your habitation is the Fire, and there is none to help you.” (45:34) 00:16:14.789 --> 00:16:22.419 And your refuge is the Fire, and you will have no helpers. 00:16:24.100 --> 00:16:33.700 And it will be said to these disbelievers: Today We will leave you in the punishment of Hell, just as you neglected the work for the meeting of this day of yours. 00:16:34.340 --> 00:16:38.019 And your refuge, to which you will return, is the Fire of Hell. 00:16:38.500 --> 00:16:47.059 And you will have no savior to save you today from the punishment of Allah, nor any helper to help you against those who punish you. 00:16:48.389 --> 00:17:05.109 “This, forasmuch as ye made the revelations of Allah a jest, and the life of the world beguiled you. Therefor this day they come not forth from thence, nor can they make amends.” (45:35) 00:17:06.490 --> 00:17:17.369 It will be said to them: This which has befallen you of the punishment of Allah is because you took the arguments and proofs of Allah in the world as a mockery, mocking them. 00:17:17.849 --> 00:17:31.930 And the adornment of worldly life deceived you, so you preferred it over working for what would save you from the punishment of Allah; so today they will not be brought out of the Fire, nor will they be returned to the world to repent. 00:17:33.619 --> 00:17:41.140 “Then praise be to Allah, Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth, the Lord of the Worlds.” (45:36) 00:17:41.140 --> 00:17:52.660 “And unto Him (alone) belongeth Majesty in the heavens and the earth, and He is the Mighty, the Wise.” (45:37) 00:18:13.000 --> 00:18:18.200 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.