In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation
It was summarized by Dr. Aqeel bin Salem Al-Shammari
Surah Al-Jathiya
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
It is God who brought the sea to you so that the ships might sail in it by His command
And that you may seek His bounty, and that you may be grateful
God is the one to whom divinity is not necessary
He subjected the sea to you so that ships might sail in it at His command
For your living in the country to seek His bounty there
And thank your Lord for making this available to you, so that you may worship Him and obey Him
And He has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth from Him. Indeed, in that are signs for a people who reflect
And He has subjugated for you whatever is in the heavens of the sun, moon, and stars
And everything on earth of animals, trees, mountains, inanimate objects, and ships is for your benefits and interests
All of these blessings I mentioned to you, people
From God He bestowed it upon you and a favor from Him that He bestowed upon you
There are signs and indications in God’s subjugation of you that you have no god other than Him
For a people who ponder God’s signs and proofs and consider them
Say to those who believe, “Forgive those who do not hope in the days of God, that He may recompense a people for what they used to earn.”
Say, O Muhammad, to those who believe in God and follow you
Forgive those who do not fear God's punishment, events, and vengeance
If they harm them and deceive them
May God reward those polytheists who harm them
And His torment will befall them because of the sin they were earning in this world
Whoever does good deeds, it is for his own soul, and whoever does evil, it is for him. Then to your Lord you will be returned
Whoever acts in obedience to Him, he will do that good deed for himself
And whoever does wrong in this world, his soul will be punished
Then you will return to your Lord after your death
He rewards the doer of good with his good deeds and the wrongdoer with his evil
We gave the Children of Israel the Book, wisdom, and prophecy, and provided for them
And We provided them with good things and favored them over the worlds
And We gave them clear evidence of the matter
They did not differ except after knowledge had come to them, out of envy among themselves
Your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection regarding what they differed about
O Muhammad, We have given the children of Israel the Torah and the Gospel
Understanding the Book and knowledge of the Sunnah
And We made them prophets and messengers to creation
We fed them from the good things we provided
We preferred them over the world of the people of their time
And We gave the Children of Israel clear information about Our matter
They did not differ except after knowledge had come to them, out of envy among themselves and seeking leadership
Your Lord, O Muhammad, will judge between the dissenters among the Children of Israel out of envy among themselves on the Day of Resurrection
In what they were in this world, they differed
Then the right person will escape from the wrongdoer
Then We made you follow a law of command, so follow it
So follow it and do not follow the desires of those who do not know
They will not conceal anything from God from you
Indeed, the wrongdoers are allies of one another
God is the protector of the righteous
Then We made you, O Muhammad, a method, a Sunnah, and a method of Our affair
So follow that law that we have made for you
Do not follow what those who are ignorant of God have called you to do
Who do not know right from wrong
These ignorant people will not avail you of God's punishment at all
They will push him away from you and save you from him
And the oppressors are supporters of each other
God is the One who follows Him who fears Him by performing His obligations and avoiding sins
So be among the pious
May God protect you from what these polytheists put you through
This is the book that we have sent down to you, O Muhammad
Insights for people to see right from wrong
Guidance and mercy for people who are certain of the authenticity of this Qur’an
Or do those who commit evil deeds in this world think?
To make them in the afterlife like those who believed in God and did righteous deeds
Their faces are the same
And their deaths are equal deaths
Miserable is the judgment that they envisaged
They are bad and their deaths are bad
And their deaths are bad
Miserable is the judgment that they envisaged
That we make those who commit evil deeds and those who believe and do good deeds
Both their lives and their deaths
God created the heavens and the earth with truth
And let every soul be rewarded for what it has earned
And they are not wronged
God created the heavens and the earth with justice
It is right to disagree between the judgment of the wrongdoer and the good
May God reward every worker for what he has done
The philanthropist
And the one who does wrong with what he deserves
Not to deprive the benefactor of the reward of his benevolence
We hold someone else responsible for his crime
Or we give the wrongdoer the reward of being kind to others, so we honor him
Have you seen the one who takes the god of his own desires and God sends him astray with knowledge?
And God led him astray with knowledge
He sealed his hearing and his heart
And He placed a veil over his sight
Who will guide him after God?
Do you not remember?
Have you seen, O Muhammad, who takes his desires as his deity?
He worships what he is
And take him from the path of the path in his previous knowledge
Knowing that he would not be guided even if every sign came to him
It was his nature to listen to God’s sermons and take them into consideration
It was also imprinted on his heart so that he could not understand anything about it
He placed a veil on his sight so that he could see the proofs of God
This indicates his oneness
Who will help him achieve the truth?
Do you not remember, O people?
So learn that whoever God does to him as we have described will never be guided
They said, “It is nothing but our worldly life. We die and live, and nothing destroys us except eternity.”
And they have no knowledge of that; they only assume
These polytheists said
There is no life except our worldly life in which we are, and there is no life other than it
We die and our children live after us
So they made the lives of their children after them their lives
And nothing destroys us except the passing of nights and days and the length of our lives
And the polytheists have no certainty of knowledge
They only think so
They are confused about their belief in the truth of what they say with their tongues
And they do not have Our clear signs. Their only proof was that they said, “Bring our fathers if you are truthful.”
And when Our verses are recited to these polytheists, they are clear and evident, banishing doubt
They had no argument against our Messenger who was reciting that to them except what they said to him
Bring us our fathers who perished if you are truthful in what you recite to us
Say, O Muhammad, God, O polytheists, gives you life in this world, then causes you to die in it, then gathers you alive for the Day of Resurrection, of which there is no doubt.
But most people who deny the resurrection do not know the truth of that
To God belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and on the day the Hour comes, on that day the invalid will lose
And to God belongs the authority of the seven heavens and the earth, and upon whomever you call other than Him among the gods and equals, His judgment is carried out
And the day the Hour comes in which those who were vain in this world will be ignorant in their words and their supplication to God as a partner
And you will see every nation kneeling, every nation called to its book. Today you will be rewarded for what you used to do
And you will see, O Muhammad, on the day when the Hour will come, the people of every sect and religion will come together, brought to their knees by the terror of that day
All people of a sect and religion will be called to her book, which she dictated to her memorizers. It will be said to her, “Today you will be rewarded and given the rewards for what you did in this world.”
It will be said to every nation that is called on the Resurrection to its book: “Today you will be rewarded for what you used to do.”
Do not be afraid of our reward for that, for it will be pronounced against you if you deny it with the truth, so read it
We used to write down your deeds, so you would record them in the books and write them down
As for those who believe and do righteous deeds, their Lord will admit them into His mercy. This is the clear victory
As for those who disbelieved, did the verses recite to you, but you were arrogant and were a criminal people
So they united with Him and did what God commanded them to do, and their Lord would admit them into His Paradise with His mercy
Their entry into God's mercy on that day is the achievement of what they were asking for, and what is clear is their goal in it is victory
As for those who deny the oneness of God, it will be said to them: Were not My verses recited to you in this world?
But you were too arrogant to listen to it and believe in it, and you were a people earning sins and disbelief in God
And if it is said that God’s promise is true and that the Hour is without doubt, you say, “We do not know.”
You said, "We do not know what the Hour is. We only assume a suspicion, and we are not certain."
And it will be said to them then, when it is said to you that the promise of God that He promised His servants that He would give them life after their death is true
The Hour is coming, there is no doubt about it. You said, “We do not know what the Hour is,” as a denial of God’s promise on your part
You said, “We do not think that the Hour is coming except as a guess, and we are not certain that it is coming or that it will happen.”
The evils of what they had done became apparent to them, and what they mocked befell them
There, the ugliness and evil of the deeds they had done in this world became apparent to them
The punishment of God befell them at that time, which they mocked
It was said, “Today we will forget you just as you forgot the meeting of this day of yours.”
Your abode is the Fire, and you will not have helpers
And it was said to these infidels, “Today we leave you in the torment of Hell just as you abandoned work to save yourself from this day of yours.”
And your abode to which you seek refuge is the fire of Hell
And you have no savior to save you today from the punishment of God, nor any victor to defend you from those who torture you
That is because you took the signs of God in mockery and were deceived by the life of this world. Today they will not depart from it nor will they be reproached
It will be said to them: This is what befell you from God’s punishment, that in this world you took God’s arguments and evidence as a mockery, mocking them.
And the adornments of the worldly life deceived you, so you preferred them to work for what would save you from the punishment of God. Today they will not emerge from the Fire, nor will they be returned to this world to repent.
Praise be to God, Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth, Lord of the worlds
To Him belongs pride in the heavens and the earth, and He is the Mighty, the Wise
Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation