1 00:00:00,020 --> 00:00:03,740 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,740 --> 00:00:13,220 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 3 00:00:13,220 --> 00:00:17,739 A Concise Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah). 4 00:00:17,739 --> 00:00:22,929 Authored by Sheikh Musa bin Rashid al-Azimi. 5 00:00:23,089 --> 00:00:25,089 May Allah preserve him. 6 00:00:25,089 --> 00:00:33,520 The Expedition of Banu al-Nadir. 7 00:00:34,929 --> 00:00:39,890 This took place in Rabi' al-Awwal of the fourth year after the Hijrah. 8 00:00:39,890 --> 00:00:44,890 There is a difference of opinion regarding the cause of this expedition, as follows: 9 00:00:44,890 --> 00:00:46,890 The first reason: 10 00:00:46,890 --> 00:00:49,920 Collecting the blood money for the two slain men. 11 00:00:49,920 --> 00:00:51,920 Ibn Ishaq said: 12 00:00:51,920 --> 00:00:56,920 Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, went out to the Banu al-Nadir, 13 00:00:56,920 --> 00:01:01,920 seeking their assistance with the blood money for those two men from Banu 'Amir, 14 00:01:01,920 --> 00:01:06,920 whom 'Amr bin Umayyah al-Damri, may Allah be pleased with him, had killed, 15 00:01:06,920 --> 00:01:12,920 due to the covenant of protection that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, had established for them. 16 00:01:12,920 --> 00:01:15,920 As Yazid bin Ruman narrated to me: 17 00:01:15,920 --> 00:01:20,920 There was a treaty and alliance between the Banu al-Nadir and the Banu 'Amir. 18 00:01:20,920 --> 00:01:25,920 So when the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came to them, 19 00:01:25,920 --> 00:01:29,920 seeking their help with the blood money for those two slain men, 20 00:01:29,920 --> 00:01:32,920 they said, "Yes, O Abu al-Qasim, 21 00:01:32,920 --> 00:01:36,920 we will assist you in what you love, regarding that for which you have sought our help." 22 00:01:36,920 --> 00:01:40,920 Then some of them conferred privately with others and said, 23 00:01:40,920 --> 00:01:44,920 "You will never find the man in a state like this again," 24 00:01:44,920 --> 00:01:49,920 while the Messenger of Allah was sitting near a wall of one of their houses. 25 00:01:49,920 --> 00:01:52,920 "So who is the man who will climb this house, 26 00:01:52,920 --> 00:01:56,920 and drop a rock upon him, so that we may be rid of him?" 27 00:01:56,920 --> 00:02:01,920 'Amr bin Jahhash bin Ka'b, one of them, volunteered for that, 28 00:02:01,920 --> 00:02:04,920 and said, "I am the one for that." 29 00:02:04,920 --> 00:02:08,919 So he climbed up to drop a rock upon him as he had said, 30 00:02:08,919 --> 00:02:14,919 while the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was with a group of his Companions, 31 00:02:14,919 --> 00:02:19,919 among whom were Abu Bakr, 'Umar, and 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with them all. 32 00:02:19,919 --> 00:02:24,919 Then news came to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, from heaven 33 00:02:24,919 --> 00:02:26,919 regarding what the people intended. 34 00:02:26,919 --> 00:02:29,919 So he stood up and left, returning to Medina. 35 00:02:29,919 --> 00:02:34,919 When the Prophet, peace be upon him, was delayed from his Companions, 36 00:02:34,919 --> 00:02:36,919 they stood up in search of him. 37 00:02:36,919 --> 00:02:39,919 They met a man coming from the direction of Medina, 38 00:02:39,919 --> 00:02:41,919 and asked him about him. 39 00:02:41,919 --> 00:02:45,919 He said, "I saw him entering Medina." 40 00:02:45,919 --> 00:02:49,919 So the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came forward 41 00:02:49,919 --> 00:02:51,919 until they reached him. 42 00:02:51,919 --> 00:02:53,919 He informed them of the news 43 00:02:53,919 --> 00:02:57,919 regarding the treachery the Jews had intended against him. 44 00:02:57,919 --> 00:03:00,919 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, then commanded 45 00:03:00,919 --> 00:03:04,919 that they prepare for war against them and march toward them. 46 00:03:04,919 --> 00:03:07,110 The second reason: 47 00:03:07,110 --> 00:03:12,110 The treachery against the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and the attempt to kill him. 48 00:03:12,110 --> 00:03:15,270 Abu Dawud narrated in his Sunan, 49 00:03:15,270 --> 00:03:20,270 and 'Abd al-Razzaq al-San'ani in his Musannaf, with a sound (sahih) chain of narration, 50 00:03:20,270 --> 00:03:22,270 and the wording is that of 'Abd al-Razzaq, 51 00:03:22,270 --> 00:03:27,340 from a man among the Companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said: 52 00:03:27,340 --> 00:03:29,340 "The disbelievers of Quraysh 53 00:03:29,340 --> 00:03:33,340 wrote to 'Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul 54 00:03:33,340 --> 00:03:37,340 and those with him who worshipped idols from the Aws and the Khazraj, 55 00:03:37,340 --> 00:03:44,340 while the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was in Medina at that time, before the Battle of Badr, 56 00:03:44,340 --> 00:03:45,340 saying: 57 00:03:45,340 --> 00:03:48,340 'You have given shelter to our man, 58 00:03:48,340 --> 00:03:52,340 and you are the most numerous people in Medina. 59 00:03:52,340 --> 00:03:54,340 We swear by Allah, 60 00:03:54,340 --> 00:03:57,340 you must either kill him or expel him, 61 00:03:57,340 --> 00:04:00,340 or we will seek the help of the Arabs against you, 62 00:04:00,340 --> 00:04:03,340 and then we will march against you with all our forces, 63 00:04:03,340 --> 00:04:09,400 until we kill your fighting men and take your women as captives.'" 64 00:04:09,400 --> 00:04:15,400 When this reached 'Abdullah bin Ubayy and those with him among the idolaters, 65 00:04:15,400 --> 00:04:17,399 they corresponded and gathered, 66 00:04:17,399 --> 00:04:22,399 and resolved to fight the Prophet, peace be upon him, and his Companions. 67 00:04:22,399 --> 00:04:27,399 When this reached the Prophet, peace be upon him, 68 00:04:27,399 --> 00:04:29,399 he met them in a group 69 00:04:29,399 --> 00:04:30,399 and said: 70 00:04:30,399 --> 00:04:34,399 "The threats of Quraysh against you have reached their limit. 71 00:04:34,399 --> 00:04:41,399 They could not plot against you more than you intend to plot against yourselves. 72 00:04:41,399 --> 00:04:46,399 You are the ones who wish to kill your own sons and brothers." 73 00:04:46,399 --> 00:04:51,620 When they heard that from the Prophet, peace be upon him, 74 00:04:51,620 --> 00:04:53,620 they dispersed. 75 00:04:53,620 --> 00:04:56,620 This reached the disbelievers of Quraysh, 76 00:04:56,620 --> 00:04:58,620 and then the Battle of Badr took place. 77 00:04:58,620 --> 00:05:03,620 After the Battle of Badr, the disbelievers of Quraysh wrote to the Jews: 78 00:05:03,620 --> 00:05:06,620 "You are the people of armor and fortresses, 79 00:05:06,620 --> 00:05:09,620 and you must fight our man, 80 00:05:09,620 --> 00:05:12,620 or we will do such and such, 81 00:05:13,620 --> 00:05:18,720 and nothing will stand between us and the enslavement of your women." 82 00:05:18,720 --> 00:05:21,720 When their letter reached the Jews, 83 00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:24,720 the Banu al-Nadir resolved to commit treachery. 84 00:05:24,720 --> 00:05:28,720 They sent word to the Prophet, peace be upon him: 85 00:05:28,720 --> 00:05:32,720 "Come out to us with thirty men from your Companions, 86 00:05:32,720 --> 00:05:35,720 and we will come out with thirty rabbis," 87 00:05:35,720 --> 00:05:38,720 meaning scholars from among our scholars, 88 00:05:38,720 --> 00:05:41,720 "so that we may meet at such and such a place, 89 00:05:41,720 --> 00:05:44,720 halfway between us and you, 90 00:05:44,720 --> 00:05:46,720 so they may hear from you. 91 00:05:46,720 --> 00:05:49,720 If they believe you and trust in you, 92 00:05:49,720 --> 00:05:51,850 we will all believe." 93 00:05:51,850 --> 00:05:54,850 So the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, went out 94 00:05:54,850 --> 00:05:57,850 with thirty of his Companions, 95 00:05:57,850 --> 00:06:01,850 and thirty rabbis from the Jews came out to him, 96 00:06:01,850 --> 00:06:05,850 until they stood in an open space of land. 97 00:06:05,850 --> 00:06:07,850 Some of the Jews said to others, 98 00:06:07,850 --> 00:06:09,850 "How can you get to him? 99 00:06:09,850 --> 00:06:12,850 He has thirty men of his Companions with him, 100 00:06:12,850 --> 00:06:15,850 all of whom would love to die defending him." 101 00:06:15,850 --> 00:06:17,850 So they sent word to him: 102 00:06:17,850 --> 00:06:19,850 "How can we understand each other, 103 00:06:19,850 --> 00:06:21,850 when we are sixty men? 104 00:06:21,850 --> 00:06:24,850 Come out with three of your Companions, 105 00:06:24,850 --> 00:06:28,850 and three of our scholars will come out to you, 106 00:06:28,850 --> 00:06:30,850 so they may hear from you. 107 00:06:30,850 --> 00:06:32,850 If they believe you, 108 00:06:32,850 --> 00:06:35,879 we will all believe and trust you." 109 00:06:35,879 --> 00:06:38,879 So the Prophet, peace be upon him, went out 110 00:06:38,879 --> 00:06:41,879 with three of his Companions, 111 00:06:41,879 --> 00:06:43,879 and they had hidden daggers, 112 00:06:43,879 --> 00:06:48,879 intending to assassinate the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 113 00:06:48,879 --> 00:06:51,879 A sincere woman from the Banu al-Nadir sent word 114 00:06:51,879 --> 00:06:53,879 to her brother's sons, 115 00:06:53,879 --> 00:06:56,879 who was a Muslim man from the Ansar, 116 00:06:56,879 --> 00:06:59,879 and informed him of what the Banu al-Nadir intended 117 00:06:59,879 --> 00:07:04,879 regarding the treachery against the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 118 00:07:04,879 --> 00:07:06,879 So her brother came quickly, 119 00:07:06,879 --> 00:07:10,879 until he caught up with the Prophet, peace be upon him, 120 00:07:10,879 --> 00:07:16,879 and whispered the news of them to him before the Prophet, peace be upon him, reached them. 121 00:07:16,879 --> 00:07:20,879 So the Prophet, peace be upon him, returned. 122 00:07:20,879 --> 00:07:23,879 When the next day came, 123 00:07:23,879 --> 00:07:29,879 the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, went out against them with his battalions and besieged them. 124 00:07:29,879 --> 00:07:32,879 Al-Hafiz said in Al-Fath: 125 00:07:32,879 --> 00:07:35,879 "This is stronger than what Ibn Ishaq mentioned, 126 00:07:35,879 --> 00:07:38,879 that the cause of the expedition of Banu al-Nadir 127 00:07:38,879 --> 00:07:43,879 was his request, peace be upon him, for them to assist him with the blood money for the two men." 128 00:07:43,879 --> 00:07:47,879 However, the majority of the scholars of the Maghazi (military expeditions) agreed with Ibn Ishaq. 129 00:07:47,879 --> 00:07:49,879 And Allah knows best. 130 00:07:49,879 --> 00:07:54,329 A Concise Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah). 131 00:07:54,329 --> 00:08:01,329 If the longing of the worlds for some of them is long, 132 00:08:01,329 --> 00:08:07,420 then the longing for you has no limit. 133 00:08:07,420 --> 00:08:14,970 May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised, 134 00:08:14,970 --> 00:08:20,509 and the everlasting righteous deeds are performed.