WEBVTT 00:00:00.020 --> 00:00:03.740 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.740 --> 00:00:13.220 Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 00:00:13.220 --> 00:00:17.739 A Concise Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah). 00:00:17.739 --> 00:00:22.929 Authored by Sheikh Musa bin Rashid al-Azimi. 00:00:23.089 --> 00:00:25.089 May Allah preserve him. 00:00:25.089 --> 00:00:33.520 The Expedition of Banu al-Nadir. 00:00:34.929 --> 00:00:39.890 This took place in Rabi' al-Awwal of the fourth year after the Hijrah. 00:00:39.890 --> 00:00:44.890 There is a difference of opinion regarding the cause of this expedition, as follows: 00:00:44.890 --> 00:00:46.890 The first reason: 00:00:46.890 --> 00:00:49.920 Collecting the blood money for the two slain men. 00:00:49.920 --> 00:00:51.920 Ibn Ishaq said: 00:00:51.920 --> 00:00:56.920 Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, went out to the Banu al-Nadir, 00:00:56.920 --> 00:01:01.920 seeking their assistance with the blood money for those two men from Banu 'Amir, 00:01:01.920 --> 00:01:06.920 whom 'Amr bin Umayyah al-Damri, may Allah be pleased with him, had killed, 00:01:06.920 --> 00:01:12.920 due to the covenant of protection that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, had established for them. 00:01:12.920 --> 00:01:15.920 As Yazid bin Ruman narrated to me: 00:01:15.920 --> 00:01:20.920 There was a treaty and alliance between the Banu al-Nadir and the Banu 'Amir. 00:01:20.920 --> 00:01:25.920 So when the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came to them, 00:01:25.920 --> 00:01:29.920 seeking their help with the blood money for those two slain men, 00:01:29.920 --> 00:01:32.920 they said, "Yes, O Abu al-Qasim, 00:01:32.920 --> 00:01:36.920 we will assist you in what you love, regarding that for which you have sought our help." 00:01:36.920 --> 00:01:40.920 Then some of them conferred privately with others and said, 00:01:40.920 --> 00:01:44.920 "You will never find the man in a state like this again," 00:01:44.920 --> 00:01:49.920 while the Messenger of Allah was sitting near a wall of one of their houses. 00:01:49.920 --> 00:01:52.920 "So who is the man who will climb this house, 00:01:52.920 --> 00:01:56.920 and drop a rock upon him, so that we may be rid of him?" 00:01:56.920 --> 00:02:01.920 'Amr bin Jahhash bin Ka'b, one of them, volunteered for that, 00:02:01.920 --> 00:02:04.920 and said, "I am the one for that." 00:02:04.920 --> 00:02:08.919 So he climbed up to drop a rock upon him as he had said, 00:02:08.919 --> 00:02:14.919 while the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was with a group of his Companions, 00:02:14.919 --> 00:02:19.919 among whom were Abu Bakr, 'Umar, and 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with them all. 00:02:19.919 --> 00:02:24.919 Then news came to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, from heaven 00:02:24.919 --> 00:02:26.919 regarding what the people intended. 00:02:26.919 --> 00:02:29.919 So he stood up and left, returning to Medina. 00:02:29.919 --> 00:02:34.919 When the Prophet, peace be upon him, was delayed from his Companions, 00:02:34.919 --> 00:02:36.919 they stood up in search of him. 00:02:36.919 --> 00:02:39.919 They met a man coming from the direction of Medina, 00:02:39.919 --> 00:02:41.919 and asked him about him. 00:02:41.919 --> 00:02:45.919 He said, "I saw him entering Medina." 00:02:45.919 --> 00:02:49.919 So the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came forward 00:02:49.919 --> 00:02:51.919 until they reached him. 00:02:51.919 --> 00:02:53.919 He informed them of the news 00:02:53.919 --> 00:02:57.919 regarding the treachery the Jews had intended against him. 00:02:57.919 --> 00:03:00.919 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, then commanded 00:03:00.919 --> 00:03:04.919 that they prepare for war against them and march toward them. 00:03:04.919 --> 00:03:07.110 The second reason: 00:03:07.110 --> 00:03:12.110 The treachery against the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and the attempt to kill him. 00:03:12.110 --> 00:03:15.270 Abu Dawud narrated in his Sunan, 00:03:15.270 --> 00:03:20.270 and 'Abd al-Razzaq al-San'ani in his Musannaf, with a sound (sahih) chain of narration, 00:03:20.270 --> 00:03:22.270 and the wording is that of 'Abd al-Razzaq, 00:03:22.270 --> 00:03:27.340 from a man among the Companions of the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said: 00:03:27.340 --> 00:03:29.340 "The disbelievers of Quraysh 00:03:29.340 --> 00:03:33.340 wrote to 'Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul 00:03:33.340 --> 00:03:37.340 and those with him who worshipped idols from the Aws and the Khazraj, 00:03:37.340 --> 00:03:44.340 while the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was in Medina at that time, before the Battle of Badr, 00:03:44.340 --> 00:03:45.340 saying: 00:03:45.340 --> 00:03:48.340 'You have given shelter to our man, 00:03:48.340 --> 00:03:52.340 and you are the most numerous people in Medina. 00:03:52.340 --> 00:03:54.340 We swear by Allah, 00:03:54.340 --> 00:03:57.340 you must either kill him or expel him, 00:03:57.340 --> 00:04:00.340 or we will seek the help of the Arabs against you, 00:04:00.340 --> 00:04:03.340 and then we will march against you with all our forces, 00:04:03.340 --> 00:04:09.400 until we kill your fighting men and take your women as captives.'" 00:04:09.400 --> 00:04:15.400 When this reached 'Abdullah bin Ubayy and those with him among the idolaters, 00:04:15.400 --> 00:04:17.399 they corresponded and gathered, 00:04:17.399 --> 00:04:22.399 and resolved to fight the Prophet, peace be upon him, and his Companions. 00:04:22.399 --> 00:04:27.399 When this reached the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:04:27.399 --> 00:04:29.399 he met them in a group 00:04:29.399 --> 00:04:30.399 and said: 00:04:30.399 --> 00:04:34.399 "The threats of Quraysh against you have reached their limit. 00:04:34.399 --> 00:04:41.399 They could not plot against you more than you intend to plot against yourselves. 00:04:41.399 --> 00:04:46.399 You are the ones who wish to kill your own sons and brothers." 00:04:46.399 --> 00:04:51.620 When they heard that from the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:04:51.620 --> 00:04:53.620 they dispersed. 00:04:53.620 --> 00:04:56.620 This reached the disbelievers of Quraysh, 00:04:56.620 --> 00:04:58.620 and then the Battle of Badr took place. 00:04:58.620 --> 00:05:03.620 After the Battle of Badr, the disbelievers of Quraysh wrote to the Jews: 00:05:03.620 --> 00:05:06.620 "You are the people of armor and fortresses, 00:05:06.620 --> 00:05:09.620 and you must fight our man, 00:05:09.620 --> 00:05:12.620 or we will do such and such, 00:05:13.620 --> 00:05:18.720 and nothing will stand between us and the enslavement of your women." 00:05:18.720 --> 00:05:21.720 When their letter reached the Jews, 00:05:21.720 --> 00:05:24.720 the Banu al-Nadir resolved to commit treachery. 00:05:24.720 --> 00:05:28.720 They sent word to the Prophet, peace be upon him: 00:05:28.720 --> 00:05:32.720 "Come out to us with thirty men from your Companions, 00:05:32.720 --> 00:05:35.720 and we will come out with thirty rabbis," 00:05:35.720 --> 00:05:38.720 meaning scholars from among our scholars, 00:05:38.720 --> 00:05:41.720 "so that we may meet at such and such a place, 00:05:41.720 --> 00:05:44.720 halfway between us and you, 00:05:44.720 --> 00:05:46.720 so they may hear from you. 00:05:46.720 --> 00:05:49.720 If they believe you and trust in you, 00:05:49.720 --> 00:05:51.850 we will all believe." 00:05:51.850 --> 00:05:54.850 So the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, went out 00:05:54.850 --> 00:05:57.850 with thirty of his Companions, 00:05:57.850 --> 00:06:01.850 and thirty rabbis from the Jews came out to him, 00:06:01.850 --> 00:06:05.850 until they stood in an open space of land. 00:06:05.850 --> 00:06:07.850 Some of the Jews said to others, 00:06:07.850 --> 00:06:09.850 "How can you get to him? 00:06:09.850 --> 00:06:12.850 He has thirty men of his Companions with him, 00:06:12.850 --> 00:06:15.850 all of whom would love to die defending him." 00:06:15.850 --> 00:06:17.850 So they sent word to him: 00:06:17.850 --> 00:06:19.850 "How can we understand each other, 00:06:19.850 --> 00:06:21.850 when we are sixty men? 00:06:21.850 --> 00:06:24.850 Come out with three of your Companions, 00:06:24.850 --> 00:06:28.850 and three of our scholars will come out to you, 00:06:28.850 --> 00:06:30.850 so they may hear from you. 00:06:30.850 --> 00:06:32.850 If they believe you, 00:06:32.850 --> 00:06:35.879 we will all believe and trust you." 00:06:35.879 --> 00:06:38.879 So the Prophet, peace be upon him, went out 00:06:38.879 --> 00:06:41.879 with three of his Companions, 00:06:41.879 --> 00:06:43.879 and they had hidden daggers, 00:06:43.879 --> 00:06:48.879 intending to assassinate the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 00:06:48.879 --> 00:06:51.879 A sincere woman from the Banu al-Nadir sent word 00:06:51.879 --> 00:06:53.879 to her brother's sons, 00:06:53.879 --> 00:06:56.879 who was a Muslim man from the Ansar, 00:06:56.879 --> 00:06:59.879 and informed him of what the Banu al-Nadir intended 00:06:59.879 --> 00:07:04.879 regarding the treachery against the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 00:07:04.879 --> 00:07:06.879 So her brother came quickly, 00:07:06.879 --> 00:07:10.879 until he caught up with the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:07:10.879 --> 00:07:16.879 and whispered the news of them to him before the Prophet, peace be upon him, reached them. 00:07:16.879 --> 00:07:20.879 So the Prophet, peace be upon him, returned. 00:07:20.879 --> 00:07:23.879 When the next day came, 00:07:23.879 --> 00:07:29.879 the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, went out against them with his battalions and besieged them. 00:07:29.879 --> 00:07:32.879 Al-Hafiz said in Al-Fath: 00:07:32.879 --> 00:07:35.879 "This is stronger than what Ibn Ishaq mentioned, 00:07:35.879 --> 00:07:38.879 that the cause of the expedition of Banu al-Nadir 00:07:38.879 --> 00:07:43.879 was his request, peace be upon him, for them to assist him with the blood money for the two men." 00:07:43.879 --> 00:07:47.879 However, the majority of the scholars of the Maghazi (military expeditions) agreed with Ibn Ishaq. 00:07:47.879 --> 00:07:49.879 And Allah knows best. 00:07:49.879 --> 00:07:54.329 A Concise Summary of the Prophetic biography (Seerah). 00:07:54.329 --> 00:08:01.329 If the longing of the worlds for some of them is long, 00:08:01.329 --> 00:08:07.420 then the longing for you has no limit. 00:08:07.420 --> 00:08:14.970 May Allah send blessings upon you as long as the call to prayer is raised, 00:08:14.970 --> 00:08:20.509 and the everlasting righteous deeds are performed.