1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:03,580 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,580 --> 00:00:06,410 Ifadah Center 3 00:00:06,410 --> 00:00:09,609 for Human Studies and Research 4 00:00:09,609 --> 00:00:11,910 presents 5 00:00:11,910 --> 00:00:16,210 The Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari. 6 00:00:16,210 --> 00:00:21,429 Chapter: The Sin of Withholding Water from the Wayfarer. 7 00:00:21,429 --> 00:00:25,929 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 8 00:00:26,129 --> 00:00:29,929 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 9 00:00:29,929 --> 00:00:34,530 "There are three people whom Allah will not look at on the Day of Resurrection—" 10 00:00:34,530 --> 00:00:35,929 and in another narration: 11 00:00:35,929 --> 00:00:37,929 "nor will He speak to them, 12 00:00:37,929 --> 00:00:39,929 nor will He purify them, 13 00:00:39,929 --> 00:00:42,530 and they will have a painful punishment: 14 00:00:42,530 --> 00:00:46,229 A man who possessed surplus water along a route 15 00:00:46,229 --> 00:00:49,060 and withheld it from the wayfarer—" 16 00:00:49,060 --> 00:00:50,560 and in another narration: 17 00:00:50,560 --> 00:00:52,259 "whereupon Allah will say: 18 00:00:52,259 --> 00:00:54,259 'Today I deny you My surplus grace, 19 00:00:54,259 --> 00:00:58,259 just as you withheld surplus water that your hands did not labor to create.'— 20 00:00:58,259 --> 00:01:03,359 and a man who pledged allegiance to a leader only for worldly gain: 21 00:01:03,359 --> 00:01:05,760 if given some of it, he is satisfied, 22 00:01:05,760 --> 00:01:08,819 and if not given any, he becomes resentful—" 23 00:01:08,819 --> 00:01:10,319 and in another narration: 24 00:01:10,319 --> 00:01:13,120 "if he gives him what he wants, he fulfills his pledge to him, 25 00:01:13,120 --> 00:01:15,709 and if not, he does not fulfill it— 26 00:01:15,709 --> 00:01:19,010 and a man who offered his merchandise for sale after the 'Asr prayer 27 00:01:19,010 --> 00:01:20,310 and said, 28 00:01:20,310 --> 00:01:22,810 'By Allah, other than Whom there is no god, 29 00:01:22,909 --> 00:01:26,310 I was offered such-and-such an amount for it,' 30 00:01:26,310 --> 00:01:28,700 so a man believed him—" 31 00:01:28,700 --> 00:01:30,200 and in another narration: 32 00:01:30,200 --> 00:01:34,500 "and a man who swore a false oath after the 'Asr prayer 33 00:01:34,500 --> 00:01:38,129 in order to unlawfully take the property of a Muslim man." 34 00:01:38,129 --> 00:01:40,930 He then recited this verse: 35 00:01:40,930 --> 00:01:48,040 “Lo! those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's covenant and their oaths, they have no portion in the Hereafter. Allah will neither speak to them nor look upon them on the Day of Resurrection, nor will He make them grow. Theirs will be a painful doom.” (3:77) 36 00:01:48,040 --> 00:01:51,480 Commentary on the Hadith: 37 00:01:51,480 --> 00:01:53,180 "Nor will He purify them" 38 00:01:53,180 --> 00:01:55,280 means He will not commend them, 39 00:01:55,280 --> 00:01:58,780 and it is also said: He will not cleanse them of sins. 40 00:01:58,780 --> 00:01:59,680 "Surplus" (fadl) 41 00:01:59,680 --> 00:02:01,439 means an excess amount. 42 00:02:01,439 --> 00:02:03,140 "Pledged allegiance to a leader" 43 00:02:03,140 --> 00:02:05,340 refers to the supreme leader (caliph). 44 00:02:05,340 --> 00:02:06,640 "Only for worldly gain" 45 00:02:06,640 --> 00:02:11,039 means for the sake of obtaining some worldly provision. 46 00:02:11,039 --> 00:02:12,240 "Fulfilled his pledge to him" 47 00:02:12,240 --> 00:02:15,069 means honored his allegiance and covenant. 48 00:02:15,069 --> 00:02:16,870 "Offered his merchandise" 49 00:02:16,870 --> 00:02:17,969 means 50 00:02:17,969 --> 00:02:20,699 displayed his goods for sale. 51 00:02:20,699 --> 00:02:22,500 "So a man believed him," 52 00:02:22,500 --> 00:02:24,000 meaning the buyer, 53 00:02:24,000 --> 00:02:28,699 who then bought it at that price which he swore he had been offered for it, 54 00:02:28,699 --> 00:02:31,560 relying on his oath. 55 00:02:31,560 --> 00:02:35,120 Key Takeaways from the Hadith: 56 00:02:35,120 --> 00:02:37,219 It is derived from the hadith 57 00:02:37,219 --> 00:02:41,259 that the owner of water has the foremost right to it when in need of it. 58 00:02:41,259 --> 00:02:45,560 It affirms the believers' seeing of Allah (Mighty and Majestic) in the Hereafter. 59 00:02:45,560 --> 00:02:48,759 It establishes the obligation of fulfilling covenants. 60 00:02:48,759 --> 00:02:52,560 It indicates the prohibition of lying and deception in transactions. 61 00:02:52,560 --> 00:02:59,000 It shows the obligation of fulfilling the pledge of allegiance to the ruler and obeying him. 62 00:02:59,000 --> 00:03:01,979 Chapter: Damming Streams for Irrigation. 63 00:03:01,979 --> 00:03:05,780 On the authority of 'Abdullah Ibn al-Zubayr (may Allah be pleased with them both): 64 00:03:05,780 --> 00:03:08,580 A man from the Ansar disputed with al-Zubayr 65 00:03:08,580 --> 00:03:11,780 before the Prophet (peace be upon him) 66 00:03:11,780 --> 00:03:15,780 concerning the irrigation streams of the Harrah with which they watered date palms. 67 00:03:15,780 --> 00:03:17,780 The Ansari said, 68 00:03:17,780 --> 00:03:19,979 "Let the water flow on." 69 00:03:19,979 --> 00:03:21,680 But al-Zubayr refused him, 70 00:03:21,680 --> 00:03:25,879 so they took their dispute to the Prophet (peace be upon him). 71 00:03:25,879 --> 00:03:28,879 Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said 72 00:03:28,879 --> 00:03:30,379 to al-Zubayr: 73 00:03:30,379 --> 00:03:32,180 "Water your land, O Zubayr, 74 00:03:32,180 --> 00:03:35,210 and then release the water to your neighbor." 75 00:03:35,210 --> 00:03:38,110 The Ansari became angry and said, 76 00:03:38,110 --> 00:03:40,610 "Is it because he is the son of your paternal aunt?" 77 00:03:40,610 --> 00:03:45,110 At that, the face of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) changed color in anger, 78 00:03:45,110 --> 00:03:46,610 and he then said: 79 00:03:46,610 --> 00:03:48,310 "Water your land, O Zubayr, 80 00:03:48,310 --> 00:03:52,580 and then retain the water until it reaches the boundary walls." 81 00:03:52,580 --> 00:03:53,979 In another narration: 82 00:03:53,979 --> 00:03:56,599 "And he granted him his full right." 83 00:03:56,599 --> 00:03:58,400 Al-Zubayr said, 84 00:03:58,400 --> 00:04:03,199 "By Allah, I truly believe this verse was revealed concerning that matter." 85 00:04:03,199 --> 00:04:05,300 “But nay, by thy Lord, they will not believe (in truth) until they make thee judge of what is in dispute between them and find within themselves no dislike of that which thou decidest, and submit with full submission.” (4:65) 86 00:04:05,300 --> 00:04:10,080 “But nay, by thy Lord, they will not believe (in truth) until they make thee judge of what is in dispute between them and find within themselves no dislike of that which thou decidest, and submit with full submission.” (4:65) 87 00:04:10,080 --> 00:04:13,449 Commentary on the Hadith: 88 00:04:13,449 --> 00:04:14,750 "Damming" (al-sakr) 89 00:04:14,750 --> 00:04:17,420 is damming up and holding back water. 90 00:04:17,420 --> 00:04:19,420 "In the irrigation streams of the Harrah" 91 00:04:19,420 --> 00:04:22,920 refers to the watercourses located in the Harrah volcanic tract. 92 00:04:22,920 --> 00:04:24,519 "Let the water flow" 93 00:04:24,519 --> 00:04:26,920 means release it and allow it to pass. 94 00:04:26,920 --> 00:04:28,519 "He refused him," 95 00:04:28,519 --> 00:04:33,339 meaning al-Zubayr declined to release the water to his disputant. 96 00:04:33,339 --> 00:04:35,040 "The son of your paternal aunt": 97 00:04:35,040 --> 00:04:36,439 the mother of al-Zubayr 98 00:04:36,439 --> 00:04:40,540 was Safiyyah bint 'Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with her), 99 00:04:40,540 --> 00:04:44,769 and she was the paternal aunt of the Prophet (peace be upon him). 100 00:04:44,769 --> 00:04:48,970 "The face of the Messenger of Allah changed color," 101 00:04:48,970 --> 00:04:51,370 meaning his complexion altered out of anger. 102 00:04:51,370 --> 00:04:52,370 "Retain" 103 00:04:52,370 --> 00:04:53,970 means hold back the water. 104 00:04:53,970 --> 00:04:55,170 "The boundary walls" (al-judur) 105 00:04:55,170 --> 00:04:58,269 refers to the barriers and embankments that hold the water. 106 00:04:58,269 --> 00:04:59,470 "I truly believe" 107 00:04:59,470 --> 00:05:00,870 literally means "I think," 108 00:05:00,870 --> 00:05:02,269 but what is meant here 109 00:05:02,269 --> 00:05:04,829 is firm conviction. 110 00:05:04,829 --> 00:05:06,730 “But nay, by thy Lord, they will not believe (in truth) until they make thee judge of what is in dispute between them and find within themselves no dislike of that which thou decidest, and submit with full submission.” (4:65) 111 00:05:06,730 --> 00:05:10,230 “But nay, by thy Lord, they will not believe (in truth) until they make thee judge of what is in dispute between them and find within themselves no dislike of that which thou decidest, and submit with full submission.” (4:65) 112 00:05:10,230 --> 00:05:14,129 That is, in everything wherein dispute arises. 113 00:05:14,129 --> 00:05:15,529 "He granted him his full right" 114 00:05:15,529 --> 00:05:18,360 means he gave him his complete, comprehensive entitlement. 115 00:05:18,360 --> 00:05:22,240 Key Takeaways from the Hadith: 116 00:05:22,240 --> 00:05:24,240 It is derived from the hadith 117 00:05:24,240 --> 00:05:28,639 that the water of naturally flowing valleys not extracted by human labor is unowned and permissible for all, 118 00:05:28,639 --> 00:05:31,939 and whoever reaches it first has the greatest right to it. 119 00:05:31,939 --> 00:05:37,740 It demonstrates the legitimacy of rebuking and disciplining anyone who behaves insolently toward the leader or judge. 120 00:05:37,740 --> 00:05:42,540 It highlights that the purpose of sending messengers is that they be obeyed, 121 00:05:42,540 --> 00:05:49,430 and that people should submit to them in all that they enjoin and forbid. 122 00:05:49,529 --> 00:05:52,550 Chapter: The Merit of Providing Water. 123 00:05:52,550 --> 00:05:55,949 On the authority of 'Abdullah Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), 124 00:05:55,949 --> 00:06:00,379 the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 125 00:06:00,379 --> 00:06:05,180 "A woman was punished on account of a cat that she confined until it died, 126 00:06:05,180 --> 00:06:07,579 and because of it she entered the Fire. 127 00:06:07,579 --> 00:06:11,779 She neither fed it nor gave it water while confining it, 128 00:06:11,779 --> 00:06:16,779 nor did she let it free to eat from the vermin of the earth." 129 00:06:16,779 --> 00:06:20,100 Commentary on the Hadith: 130 00:06:20,100 --> 00:06:24,009 "The vermin of the earth" means insects and small crawling creatures. 131 00:06:24,009 --> 00:06:27,639 Key Takeaways from the Hadith: 132 00:06:27,639 --> 00:06:32,740 It is derived from the hadith that the Hellfire has already been created and currently exists. 133 00:06:32,740 --> 00:06:39,889 It guides toward kindness to animals and establishes the prohibition of mistreating them. 134 00:06:39,889 --> 00:06:45,699 Chapter: Whoever Holds that the Owner of the Basin and Waterskin Has the Foremost Right to Its Water. 135 00:06:45,699 --> 00:06:48,500 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 136 00:06:48,500 --> 00:06:52,529 from the Prophet (peace be upon him), who said: 137 00:06:52,529 --> 00:06:54,730 "By the One in Whose hand is my soul, 138 00:06:54,730 --> 00:07:01,970 I will surely drive men away from my Basin just as a stray camel is driven away from a watering trough." 139 00:07:01,970 --> 00:07:05,149 Commentary on the Hadith: 140 00:07:05,149 --> 00:07:11,350 "I will surely drive away" means I will expel them, just as a stray camel is driven away, 141 00:07:11,350 --> 00:07:15,449 meaning as an unfamiliar female camel is repelled from the trough 142 00:07:15,449 --> 00:07:18,800 when it attempts to drink alongside someone else's camels. 143 00:07:18,800 --> 00:07:22,470 Key Takeaways from the Hadith: 144 00:07:22,470 --> 00:07:24,470 It is derived from the hadith 145 00:07:24,470 --> 00:07:26,269 that the Prophetic Basin is real and affirmed. 146 00:07:26,269 --> 00:07:33,589 The hadith also points to the virtue of sincerity and steadfast adherence to the Sunnah. 147 00:07:33,589 --> 00:07:36,089 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, who said: 148 00:07:36,089 --> 00:07:38,889 The first woman to use a waist-girdle 149 00:07:38,889 --> 00:07:41,389 was the mother of Isma'il; 150 00:07:41,389 --> 00:07:46,050 she wore a girdle to efface her tracks from Sarah. 151 00:07:46,050 --> 00:07:51,050 Then Ibrahim brought her and her son Isma'il while she was still nursing him, 152 00:07:51,050 --> 00:07:53,649 until he settled them near the House, 153 00:07:53,649 --> 00:07:57,850 beneath a large tree above Zamzam at the highest part of the Mosque. 154 00:07:57,850 --> 00:08:00,850 In those days, there was no one in Makkah, 155 00:08:00,850 --> 00:08:02,850 nor was there any water. 156 00:08:02,850 --> 00:08:04,850 So he left them there, 157 00:08:04,850 --> 00:08:08,350 placing beside them a leather bag containing dates 158 00:08:08,350 --> 00:08:10,850 and a waterskin containing water. 159 00:08:10,850 --> 00:08:14,350 Then Ibrahim turned to depart, 160 00:08:14,350 --> 00:08:17,649 so the mother of Isma'il followed him, saying: 161 00:08:17,649 --> 00:08:19,350 "O Ibrahim! 162 00:08:19,350 --> 00:08:22,850 Where are you going, leaving us in this valley 163 00:08:23,050 --> 00:08:26,050 where there is neither human company nor anything else?" 164 00:08:26,050 --> 00:08:29,050 She repeated that to him several times, 165 00:08:29,050 --> 00:08:32,049 but he did not turn back to look at her. 166 00:08:32,049 --> 00:08:34,049 So she asked him, 167 00:08:34,049 --> 00:08:37,049 "Has Allah commanded you to do this?" 168 00:08:37,049 --> 00:08:39,049 He replied, "Yes." 169 00:08:39,049 --> 00:08:40,049 She said, 170 00:08:40,049 --> 00:08:42,049 "Then He will not forsake us." 171 00:08:42,049 --> 00:08:44,049 She then returned, 172 00:08:44,049 --> 00:08:46,049 and Ibrahim journeyed on 173 00:08:46,049 --> 00:08:49,049 until he reached the mountain pass 174 00:08:49,049 --> 00:08:51,049 where they could no longer see him. 175 00:08:51,250 --> 00:08:53,250 He then turned his face toward the House, 176 00:08:53,250 --> 00:08:56,250 raised his hands in supplication, 177 00:08:56,250 --> 00:08:59,250 and prayed with these words, saying: 178 00:08:59,250 --> 00:09:03,250 "Our Lord, I have settled some of my offspring 179 00:09:03,250 --> 00:09:05,250 “Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley near unto Thy holy House, our Lord! that they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may yearn toward them, and provide Thou them with fruits in order that they may be thankful.” (14:37) 180 00:09:05,250 --> 00:09:07,250 near Your Sacred House..." 181 00:09:07,250 --> 00:09:10,250 until he reached: "...that they may be grateful." 182 00:09:10,250 --> 00:09:14,320 The mother of Isma'il began nursing Isma'il 183 00:09:14,320 --> 00:09:16,320 and drinking from that water, 184 00:09:16,320 --> 00:09:19,320 until the water in the skin was completely depleted. 185 00:09:19,519 --> 00:09:21,519 She grew thirsty, and her son grew thirsty as well, 186 00:09:21,519 --> 00:09:24,519 and she began watching him writhing in agony— 187 00:09:24,519 --> 00:09:27,519 or he said: kicking his limbs in distress. 188 00:09:27,519 --> 00:09:31,610 So she went off, unable to bear watching him, 189 00:09:31,610 --> 00:09:35,610 and found that al-Safa was the closest mountain on the terrain near her. 190 00:09:35,610 --> 00:09:37,610 She climbed onto it 191 00:09:37,610 --> 00:09:39,610 and faced the valley, looking intently to see 192 00:09:39,610 --> 00:09:41,610 if she could spot anyone, 193 00:09:41,610 --> 00:09:43,610 but she did not see anyone. 194 00:09:43,610 --> 00:09:45,610 She then descended from al-Safa 195 00:09:45,610 --> 00:09:47,610 until, when she reached the valley bed, 196 00:09:47,809 --> 00:09:49,809 she lifted the hem of her garment 197 00:09:49,809 --> 00:09:52,809 and ran with the exertion of an exhausted person 198 00:09:52,809 --> 00:09:55,809 until she crossed the valley. 199 00:09:55,809 --> 00:09:57,809 She then came to al-Marwah 200 00:09:57,809 --> 00:09:59,809 and stood upon it, 201 00:09:59,809 --> 00:10:01,809 looking to see if she could spot anyone, 202 00:10:01,809 --> 00:10:03,809 but she did not see anyone. 203 00:10:03,809 --> 00:10:06,809 She did that seven times. 204 00:10:06,809 --> 00:10:08,809 Ibn 'Abbas said: 205 00:10:08,809 --> 00:10:12,809 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 206 00:10:12,809 --> 00:10:15,809 "That is why people perform sa'y between them." 207 00:10:16,940 --> 00:10:18,940 When she reached al-Marwah, 208 00:10:18,940 --> 00:10:20,940 she heard a voice. 209 00:10:20,940 --> 00:10:22,940 She said to herself, "Hush!" 210 00:10:22,940 --> 00:10:24,940 — speaking to herself. 211 00:10:24,940 --> 00:10:26,940 Then she listened closely, 212 00:10:26,940 --> 00:10:28,940 and she heard it again. 213 00:10:28,940 --> 00:10:30,940 So she called out, "I have heard your voice; 214 00:10:30,940 --> 00:10:32,940 have you any help to offer?" 215 00:10:32,940 --> 00:10:34,940 And there she saw an angel 216 00:10:34,940 --> 00:10:36,940 at the spot of Zamzam. 217 00:10:36,940 --> 00:10:38,940 He struck the ground with his heel, 218 00:10:38,940 --> 00:10:40,940 or the narrator said, with his wing, 219 00:10:40,940 --> 00:10:42,940 until the water gushed forth. 220 00:10:42,940 --> 00:10:44,940 She began to make a basin around it, 221 00:10:44,940 --> 00:10:47,940 gesturing with her hands like this, 222 00:10:47,940 --> 00:10:50,940 and began scooping water into her waterskin, 223 00:10:50,940 --> 00:10:53,940 while it kept bubbling up as she scooped. 224 00:10:53,940 --> 00:10:55,940 Ibn 'Abbas said 225 00:10:55,940 --> 00:10:58,940 that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 226 00:10:58,940 --> 00:11:01,940 "May Allah have mercy upon the mother of Ishmael! 227 00:11:01,940 --> 00:11:03,940 Had she left Zamzam alone," 228 00:11:03,940 --> 00:11:05,940 or he said, 229 00:11:05,940 --> 00:11:07,940 "had she not scooped from the water, 230 00:11:07,940 --> 00:11:10,940 Zamzam would have been a flowing spring." 231 00:11:10,940 --> 00:11:13,039 In another narration: 232 00:11:13,039 --> 00:11:16,039 "Had she left it, the water would have flowed openly upon the earth." 233 00:11:16,039 --> 00:11:18,389 He said: 234 00:11:18,389 --> 00:11:21,389 She drank and nursed her child. 235 00:11:21,389 --> 00:11:23,389 Then the angel said to her: 236 00:11:23,389 --> 00:11:25,389 "Fear not neglect, 237 00:11:25,389 --> 00:11:27,389 for here lies the House of Allah, 238 00:11:27,389 --> 00:11:30,389 which this boy and his father will build, 239 00:11:30,389 --> 00:11:33,389 and Allah never neglects His people." 240 00:11:33,389 --> 00:11:37,519 The site of the House was raised above the ground like a hillock; 241 00:11:37,519 --> 00:11:39,519 torrents of water would come 242 00:11:39,519 --> 00:11:42,519 and flow to its right and left. 243 00:11:42,519 --> 00:11:44,549 She remained in that state 244 00:11:44,549 --> 00:11:47,549 until a caravan from the tribe of Jurhum passed by them— 245 00:11:47,549 --> 00:11:50,549 or a household from Jurhum— 246 00:11:50,549 --> 00:11:53,549 approaching by way of Kada'. 247 00:11:53,549 --> 00:11:56,549 They camped in the lower part of Mecca, 248 00:11:56,549 --> 00:11:58,549 where they noticed a bird hovering in circles. 249 00:11:58,549 --> 00:12:00,549 They said: 250 00:12:00,549 --> 00:12:03,549 "This bird must be circling over water; 251 00:12:03,549 --> 00:12:07,549 we have known this valley of old, and there was never any water in it." 252 00:12:07,549 --> 00:12:10,580 So they sent one or two scouts, 253 00:12:10,580 --> 00:12:12,580 and there they found the water. 254 00:12:12,580 --> 00:12:14,610 They returned 255 00:12:14,610 --> 00:12:16,610 and informed their people of the water, 256 00:12:16,610 --> 00:12:18,610 so they came forward. 257 00:12:18,610 --> 00:12:19,610 He said: 258 00:12:19,610 --> 00:12:21,610 And the mother of Ishmael was by the water. 259 00:12:21,610 --> 00:12:23,610 They said: 260 00:12:23,610 --> 00:12:26,610 "Will you permit us to settle near you?" 261 00:12:26,610 --> 00:12:28,610 She said, "Yes, 262 00:12:28,610 --> 00:12:31,610 but you shall have no ownership right to the water." 263 00:12:31,610 --> 00:12:33,610 They said, "Agreed." 264 00:12:33,610 --> 00:12:35,740 Ibn 'Abbas said 265 00:12:35,740 --> 00:12:38,740 that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 266 00:12:38,740 --> 00:12:41,740 "This suited the mother of Ishmael, 267 00:12:41,740 --> 00:12:43,740 for she loved human company." 268 00:12:43,740 --> 00:12:47,740 So they settled there and sent for their families, 269 00:12:47,740 --> 00:12:49,740 who came and settled with them, 270 00:12:49,740 --> 00:12:53,740 until several households among them were established there. 271 00:12:53,740 --> 00:12:54,740 The boy grew up 272 00:12:54,740 --> 00:12:57,740 and learned Arabic from them, 273 00:12:57,740 --> 00:13:00,740 becoming cherished and admired by them as he came of age. 274 00:13:00,740 --> 00:13:02,740 When he reached adulthood, 275 00:13:02,740 --> 00:13:04,740 they gave him a woman from among them in marriage. 276 00:13:04,740 --> 00:13:07,740 Then the mother of Ishmael died. 277 00:13:07,740 --> 00:13:13,740 Abraham came after Ishmael had married to check on his legacy, 278 00:13:13,740 --> 00:13:15,740 but he did not find Ishmael. 279 00:13:15,740 --> 00:13:17,740 He asked Ishmael's wife about him, 280 00:13:17,740 --> 00:13:19,740 and she said, 281 00:13:19,740 --> 00:13:21,740 "He has gone out seeking provision for us." 282 00:13:21,740 --> 00:13:24,740 Then he asked her about their livelihood and condition, 283 00:13:24,740 --> 00:13:26,740 and she replied, 284 00:13:26,740 --> 00:13:28,740 "We are in misery; 285 00:13:28,740 --> 00:13:30,740 we are in distress and hardship," 286 00:13:30,740 --> 00:13:32,740 complaining to him. 287 00:13:32,740 --> 00:13:33,769 He said: 288 00:13:33,769 --> 00:13:35,769 "When your husband returns, 289 00:13:35,769 --> 00:13:37,769 convey my greeting of peace to him, 290 00:13:37,769 --> 00:13:38,769 and tell him 291 00:13:38,769 --> 00:13:41,769 to change the threshold of his door." 292 00:13:41,769 --> 00:13:44,000 When Ishmael returned, 293 00:13:44,000 --> 00:13:47,000 he seemed to sense something unusual, 294 00:13:47,000 --> 00:13:48,000 so he asked, 295 00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:50,000 "Did anyone come to you?" 296 00:13:50,000 --> 00:13:52,000 She said, "Yes, 297 00:13:52,000 --> 00:13:55,000 an old man of such and such an appearance came to us 298 00:13:55,000 --> 00:13:57,000 and asked about you, 299 00:13:57,000 --> 00:13:58,000 so I told him. 300 00:13:58,000 --> 00:14:01,000 He also asked me about our livelihood, 301 00:14:01,000 --> 00:14:04,000 and I told him that we are in hardship and distress." 302 00:14:04,000 --> 00:14:05,000 He asked, 303 00:14:05,000 --> 00:14:07,090 "Did he leave you any instructions?" 304 00:14:07,090 --> 00:14:09,090 She said, "Yes, 305 00:14:09,090 --> 00:14:12,090 he bade me convey peace to you, 306 00:14:12,090 --> 00:14:13,090 and he says: 307 00:14:13,090 --> 00:14:16,090 'Change the threshold of your door.'" 308 00:14:16,090 --> 00:14:17,090 Ishmael said: 309 00:14:17,090 --> 00:14:19,090 "That was my father, 310 00:14:19,090 --> 00:14:22,090 and he has instructed me to part from you. 311 00:14:22,090 --> 00:14:24,090 Return to your family." 312 00:14:24,090 --> 00:14:26,090 So he divorced her, 313 00:14:26,090 --> 00:14:28,090 and married another woman from among them. 314 00:14:28,090 --> 00:14:30,090 Abraham stayed away from them 315 00:14:30,090 --> 00:14:32,090 for as long as Allah willed. 316 00:14:32,090 --> 00:14:34,090 Then he came to them again later, 317 00:14:34,090 --> 00:14:35,090 but did not find Ishmael. 318 00:14:35,090 --> 00:14:37,090 So he went in to see Ishmael's wife 319 00:14:37,090 --> 00:14:38,090 and asked her about him. 320 00:14:38,090 --> 00:14:40,090 She said, 321 00:14:40,090 --> 00:14:42,090 "He has gone out seeking provision for us." 322 00:14:42,090 --> 00:14:43,120 He asked, 323 00:14:43,120 --> 00:14:45,120 "How are you doing?" 324 00:14:45,120 --> 00:14:48,120 and inquired about their livelihood and condition. 325 00:14:48,120 --> 00:14:50,120 She replied, 326 00:14:50,120 --> 00:14:52,120 "We are in good state and abundance," 327 00:14:52,120 --> 00:14:54,120 and she praised Allah. 328 00:14:54,120 --> 00:14:55,159 He asked, 329 00:14:55,159 --> 00:14:57,159 "What is your food?" 330 00:14:57,159 --> 00:14:58,159 She said, 331 00:14:58,159 --> 00:14:59,159 "Meat." 332 00:14:59,159 --> 00:15:00,159 He said, 333 00:15:00,159 --> 00:15:01,159 He said: 334 00:15:01,159 --> 00:15:03,159 "And what is your drink?" 335 00:15:03,159 --> 00:15:04,159 She said, 336 00:15:04,159 --> 00:15:05,159 "Water." 337 00:15:05,159 --> 00:15:06,279 He supplicated: 338 00:15:06,279 --> 00:15:08,279 "O Allah, bless them 339 00:15:08,279 --> 00:15:10,279 in their meat and water!" 340 00:15:10,279 --> 00:15:11,509 The Prophet (peace be upon him) 341 00:15:11,509 --> 00:15:13,509 said: 342 00:15:13,509 --> 00:15:16,509 "They had no grain at that time; 343 00:15:16,509 --> 00:15:18,539 had they possessed any, 344 00:15:18,539 --> 00:15:20,539 he would have prayed for blessing in it for them as well." 345 00:15:20,539 --> 00:15:22,889 In another narration: 346 00:15:22,889 --> 00:15:24,889 "There is a blessing through the prayer of Abraham, 347 00:15:24,889 --> 00:15:27,889 may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him." 348 00:15:27,889 --> 00:15:29,210 He said: 349 00:15:29,210 --> 00:15:35,210 "No one outside of Mecca subsists solely on those two without suffering ill health." 350 00:15:35,210 --> 00:15:36,340 Abraham said: 351 00:15:36,340 --> 00:15:40,340 "When your husband returns, convey my greeting of peace to him, 352 00:15:40,340 --> 00:15:43,340 and tell him to keep the threshold of his door firm." 353 00:15:43,340 --> 00:15:46,559 When Ishmael returned, 354 00:15:46,559 --> 00:15:47,559 he asked, 355 00:15:47,559 --> 00:15:49,559 "Did anyone come to you?" 356 00:15:49,559 --> 00:15:51,559 She said, "Yes, 357 00:15:51,559 --> 00:15:54,559 a fine-looking old man came to us," 358 00:15:54,559 --> 00:15:55,559 and she spoke well of him. 359 00:15:55,559 --> 00:15:58,559 "He asked me about you and I told him, 360 00:15:58,559 --> 00:16:00,559 and he asked how our livelihood was, 361 00:16:00,559 --> 00:16:03,559 and I told him that we were doing well." 362 00:16:03,559 --> 00:16:04,559 He asked, 363 00:16:04,559 --> 00:16:06,629 "Did he leave you any instructions?" 364 00:16:06,629 --> 00:16:08,629 She said, "Yes, 365 00:16:08,629 --> 00:16:10,629 he conveys his greeting of peace to you, 366 00:16:10,629 --> 00:16:14,629 and commands you to keep the threshold of your door firm." 367 00:16:14,629 --> 00:16:15,629 Ishmael said: 368 00:16:15,629 --> 00:16:17,629 "That was my father, 369 00:16:17,629 --> 00:16:19,629 and you are the threshold; 370 00:16:19,629 --> 00:16:21,629 he has instructed me to keep you." 371 00:16:21,629 --> 00:16:24,720 Abraham then stayed away from them for as long as Allah willed. 372 00:16:24,720 --> 00:16:27,720 Then he came after that, 373 00:16:27,720 --> 00:16:33,720 while Ishmael was sharpening an arrow of his beneath a large tree near Zamzam. 374 00:16:33,720 --> 00:16:35,720 When Ishmael saw him, 375 00:16:35,720 --> 00:16:36,720 he rose to greet him, 376 00:16:36,720 --> 00:16:40,720 and they embraced each other as a father does with his son 377 00:16:40,720 --> 00:16:42,720 and a son with his father. 378 00:16:42,720 --> 00:16:44,720 Then Abraham said: 379 00:16:44,720 --> 00:16:45,720 "O Ishmael, 380 00:16:45,720 --> 00:16:48,720 indeed Allah has given me a command." 381 00:16:48,720 --> 00:16:49,720 Ishmael replied, 382 00:16:49,720 --> 00:16:52,720 "Do whatever your Lord has commanded you." 383 00:16:52,720 --> 00:16:53,720 He asked, 384 00:16:53,720 --> 00:16:55,720 "And will you assist me?" 385 00:16:55,720 --> 00:16:56,720 He replied, 386 00:16:56,720 --> 00:16:58,720 "I will assist you." 387 00:16:58,720 --> 00:16:59,720 Abraham said: 388 00:16:59,720 --> 00:17:03,720 "Allah has commanded me to build a House here," 389 00:17:03,720 --> 00:17:08,819 and he pointed to a mound that was elevated above the land surrounding it. 390 00:17:08,819 --> 00:17:09,819 He said: 391 00:17:09,819 --> 00:17:13,819 It was then that they raised the foundations of the House. 392 00:17:13,819 --> 00:17:16,819 Ishmael began bringing the stones 393 00:17:16,819 --> 00:17:18,819 while Abraham built, 394 00:17:18,819 --> 00:17:21,819 until, when the structure grew high, 395 00:17:21,819 --> 00:17:24,819 he brought this stone and placed it for him to stand on. 396 00:17:24,819 --> 00:17:26,819 Abraham was building 397 00:17:26,819 --> 00:17:29,819 while Ishmael handed him the stones, 398 00:17:29,819 --> 00:17:31,819 and both of them were praying: 399 00:17:31,819 --> 00:17:37,819 “And when Abraham and Ishmael were raising the foundations of the House, (Abraham prayed): Our Lord! Accept from us (this duty). Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Hearer, the Knower.” (2:127) 400 00:17:37,819 --> 00:17:38,849 He said: 401 00:17:38,849 --> 00:17:42,849 So both of them continued building, moving all the way around the House, 402 00:17:42,849 --> 00:17:44,849 while praying: 403 00:17:44,849 --> 00:17:50,849 “And when Abraham and Ishmael were raising the foundations of the House, (Abraham prayed): Our Lord! Accept from us (this duty). Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Hearer, the Knower.” (2:127) 404 00:17:50,849 --> 00:17:54,720 Commentary on the hadith: 405 00:17:54,720 --> 00:17:59,289 "Al-mintaq" is a girdle or belt tied around the waist. 406 00:17:59,289 --> 00:18:02,359 "From before" means from the direction of. 407 00:18:02,359 --> 00:18:04,359 "To efface her tracks," 408 00:18:04,359 --> 00:18:06,359 meaning to conceal her footsteps. 409 00:18:06,359 --> 00:18:08,359 "Near the House," 410 00:18:08,359 --> 00:18:10,359 meaning near the site of the House. 411 00:18:10,359 --> 00:18:13,359 "A leafy tree" refers to a great, sprawling tree. 412 00:18:13,359 --> 00:18:19,359 "A leather bag," meaning a skin pouch used for carrying provisions. 413 00:18:19,359 --> 00:18:20,390 "A waterskin," 414 00:18:20,390 --> 00:18:22,390 meaning a small water pouch. 415 00:18:22,390 --> 00:18:23,390 "Turned back," 416 00:18:23,390 --> 00:18:24,420 turned back, 417 00:18:24,420 --> 00:18:26,420 meaning he headed back. 418 00:18:26,420 --> 00:18:27,420 "The mountain pass," 419 00:18:27,420 --> 00:18:29,420 meaning the path through the mountain. 420 00:18:29,420 --> 00:18:35,420 “Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley near unto Thy holy House, our Lord! that they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may yearn toward them, and provide Thou them with fruits in order that they may be thankful.” (14:37) 421 00:18:35,420 --> 00:18:38,420 For the land of Makkah is unsuited for cultivation. 422 00:18:38,420 --> 00:18:41,450 "Near Your Sacred House." 423 00:18:41,450 --> 00:18:43,450 The House was described as sacred 424 00:18:43,450 --> 00:18:48,480 because Allah Almighty forbade violating its sanctity or showing it disrespect. 425 00:18:48,480 --> 00:18:50,480 "The water in the skin was exhausted," 426 00:18:50,480 --> 00:18:53,519 meaning the waterskin ran dry. 427 00:18:53,519 --> 00:18:54,519 "Writhing," 428 00:18:54,519 --> 00:18:56,519 meaning rolling about on the ground, 429 00:18:56,519 --> 00:18:58,519 turning over from back to stomach, 430 00:18:58,519 --> 00:19:00,519 and thrashing left and right. 431 00:19:00,519 --> 00:19:01,519 And "al-lawa" 432 00:19:01,519 --> 00:19:03,640 is severe pain in the belly. 433 00:19:03,640 --> 00:19:04,640 "Flailing," 434 00:19:04,640 --> 00:19:09,710 meaning thrashing and striking the ground with his body like someone having a seizure. 435 00:19:09,710 --> 00:19:10,710 "She stood up," 436 00:19:10,710 --> 00:19:12,710 meaning she rose to her feet. 437 00:19:12,710 --> 00:19:13,710 "She descended," 438 00:19:13,710 --> 00:19:14,710 meaning she climbed down. 439 00:19:14,710 --> 00:19:15,710 "She reached," 440 00:19:15,710 --> 00:19:17,710 meaning she arrived at. 441 00:19:17,710 --> 00:19:19,710 "The edge of her garment," 442 00:19:19,710 --> 00:19:21,710 meaning the hem of her loose-fitting outer gown. 443 00:19:21,710 --> 00:19:23,710 "Running like a person exhausted," 444 00:19:23,710 --> 00:19:26,710 meaning one stricken with intense hardship and fatigue, 445 00:19:26,710 --> 00:19:29,799 which refers to a strenuous, agonizing ordeal. 446 00:19:29,799 --> 00:19:31,799 "She crossed the valley," 447 00:19:31,799 --> 00:19:32,799 meaning she traversed it completely. 448 00:19:32,799 --> 00:19:34,799 "She climbed onto al-Marwah," 449 00:19:34,799 --> 00:19:37,799 meaning she approached it and mounted atop it. 450 00:19:37,799 --> 00:19:38,799 "Hush!" 451 00:19:38,799 --> 00:19:40,799 meaning be quiet. 452 00:19:40,799 --> 00:19:41,799 "She listened closely," 453 00:19:41,799 --> 00:19:45,799 meaning she strained with great effort to hear. 454 00:19:45,799 --> 00:19:47,900 "If you have any help to give," 455 00:19:47,900 --> 00:19:49,900 meaning: come to my rescue! 456 00:19:49,900 --> 00:19:51,900 "By the angel," 457 00:19:51,900 --> 00:19:53,900 who was Gabriel, peace be upon him. 458 00:19:53,900 --> 00:19:55,900 "He dug with his heel," 459 00:19:55,900 --> 00:19:57,900 meaning he hollowed out the ground with the edge of his foot. 460 00:19:57,900 --> 00:19:59,900 "The water appeared," 461 00:19:59,900 --> 00:20:01,900 meaning it gushed forth and overflowed. 462 00:20:01,900 --> 00:20:03,930 "She began to dam it," 463 00:20:03,930 --> 00:20:05,930 meaning she shaped the earth around it into a basin 464 00:20:05,930 --> 00:20:07,930 so that the water would not flow away. 465 00:20:07,930 --> 00:20:09,930 "While it was bubbling vigorously," 466 00:20:09,930 --> 00:20:11,930 meaning it was continuously surging and bursting out. 467 00:20:11,930 --> 00:20:14,029 Had she left Zamzam untouched 468 00:20:14,029 --> 00:20:16,029 and not enclosed it in a basin, 469 00:20:16,029 --> 00:20:17,029 "Perishing," 470 00:20:17,029 --> 00:20:19,059 meaning ruin and destruction. 471 00:20:19,059 --> 00:20:21,059 "The House of Allah," 472 00:20:21,059 --> 00:20:24,059 an allusion to the building of the Ka'bah. 473 00:20:24,059 --> 00:20:25,059 "Like a mound," 474 00:20:25,059 --> 00:20:26,059 "ar-rabiyah" 475 00:20:26,059 --> 00:20:28,059 refers to an elevated spot of land. 476 00:20:28,059 --> 00:20:31,250 "It would bypass it to the right and the left," 477 00:20:31,250 --> 00:20:33,250 meaning the floodwaters would not affect it. 478 00:20:33,250 --> 00:20:34,319 "A caravan," 479 00:20:34,319 --> 00:20:36,319 meaning a group of travelers. 480 00:20:36,319 --> 00:20:37,380 "Jurhum," 481 00:20:37,380 --> 00:20:39,380 which was a Yemeni tribe. 482 00:20:39,380 --> 00:20:41,380 "Approaching," 483 00:20:41,380 --> 00:20:43,380 meaning coming towards us. 484 00:20:43,380 --> 00:20:44,380 "Kada'," 485 00:20:44,380 --> 00:20:45,380 Kada' 486 00:20:45,380 --> 00:20:48,410 is an elevated area in upper Makkah. 487 00:20:48,410 --> 00:20:50,410 "A hovering bird," 488 00:20:50,410 --> 00:20:53,410 meaning a bird repeatedly frequenting and circling over water. 489 00:20:53,410 --> 00:20:55,410 "He sent a scout," 490 00:20:55,410 --> 00:20:57,410 meaning a messenger, 491 00:20:57,410 --> 00:20:59,410 and he was called that 492 00:20:59,410 --> 00:21:02,410 because he acts in the place of the one who sent or appointed him, 493 00:21:02,410 --> 00:21:06,569 or because he runs swiftly to accomplish his errands. 494 00:21:06,569 --> 00:21:08,569 "And he found that to be so," 495 00:21:08,569 --> 00:21:09,569 meaning he discovered it. 496 00:21:09,569 --> 00:21:11,569 "The boy grew up," 497 00:21:11,569 --> 00:21:13,569 meaning Ishmael, peace be upon him. 498 00:21:13,569 --> 00:21:15,569 "And they held him in high esteem," 499 00:21:15,569 --> 00:21:17,569 meaning they favored him, were deeply impressed by him, 500 00:21:17,569 --> 00:21:19,569 and regarded him as precious among them. 501 00:21:19,569 --> 00:21:20,640 "He reached maturity," 502 00:21:20,640 --> 00:21:22,640 meaning he reached puberty, 503 00:21:22,640 --> 00:21:23,640 and what is meant is 504 00:21:23,640 --> 00:21:26,640 that he attained the age of manhood and marriage. 505 00:21:26,640 --> 00:21:28,640 "He would check on," 506 00:21:28,640 --> 00:21:32,640 meaning he came to inspect and inquire into the state of those he had left behind. 507 00:21:32,640 --> 00:21:33,640 "Those he left behind," 508 00:21:33,640 --> 00:21:35,640 meaning the ones he had settled there, 509 00:21:35,640 --> 00:21:38,640 Hagar and Ishmael, peace be upon them. 510 00:21:38,640 --> 00:21:40,700 "He is out seeking for us," 511 00:21:40,700 --> 00:21:42,700 meaning he is looking for sustenance for us. 512 00:21:42,700 --> 00:21:43,700 It was said 513 00:21:43,700 --> 00:21:45,700 that he was out hunting game, 514 00:21:45,700 --> 00:21:47,700 and other things were also said. 515 00:21:47,700 --> 00:21:49,700 About their livelihood and their condition, 516 00:21:49,700 --> 00:21:53,700 meaning how their life was and what their circumstances were. 517 00:21:53,700 --> 00:21:55,700 "Change the threshold of his door." 518 00:21:55,700 --> 00:21:57,700 "The threshold of the door" 519 00:21:57,700 --> 00:22:01,700 refers to the step trodden upon when entering and exiting, 520 00:22:01,700 --> 00:22:04,700 and what is meant here is the wife, 521 00:22:04,700 --> 00:22:07,700 being a metonym for parting ways with the woman. 522 00:22:07,700 --> 00:22:09,859 "He perceived something," 523 00:22:09,859 --> 00:22:11,859 meaning he sensed and realized a matter. 524 00:22:11,859 --> 00:22:13,859 "In hardship and distress," 525 00:22:13,859 --> 00:22:16,859 meaning in severe difficulty of life. 526 00:22:16,859 --> 00:22:17,859 "I must part from you," 527 00:22:17,859 --> 00:22:19,859 meaning I divorce you. 528 00:22:19,859 --> 00:22:21,859 "Go back to your family!" 529 00:22:21,859 --> 00:22:23,859 This is a metonym for divorce, 530 00:22:23,859 --> 00:22:27,859 though some scholars hold it to be an explicit pronouncement of divorce. 531 00:22:27,859 --> 00:22:29,890 "He stayed away from them," 532 00:22:29,890 --> 00:22:31,890 meaning he remained absent from them for a period. 533 00:22:31,890 --> 00:22:33,990 "And she praised Allah," 534 00:22:33,990 --> 00:22:35,990 meaning 535 00:22:35,990 --> 00:22:38,990 she gave thanks to Allah Almighty for His blessings. 536 00:22:38,990 --> 00:22:40,079 "Grain," 537 00:22:40,079 --> 00:22:44,079 such as wheat, barley, and the like. 538 00:22:44,079 --> 00:22:47,079 "No one could rely exclusively on those two outside of Makkah," 539 00:22:47,079 --> 00:22:49,079 "without finding them unwholesome," 540 00:22:49,079 --> 00:22:51,079 meaning that meat and water 541 00:22:51,079 --> 00:22:55,079 cannot be sustained by anyone exclusively anywhere other than Makkah 542 00:22:55,079 --> 00:22:58,079 without suffering digestive ailments as a result. 543 00:22:58,079 --> 00:23:00,150 "To keep you," 544 00:23:00,150 --> 00:23:02,150 meaning not to divorce you. 545 00:23:02,150 --> 00:23:04,180 "Then he stayed away from them," 546 00:23:04,180 --> 00:23:06,180 meaning he was absent from them. 547 00:23:06,180 --> 00:23:08,180 "Mending an arrow;" 548 00:23:08,180 --> 00:23:13,180 an arrow before its tip and feathers are attached, 549 00:23:13,180 --> 00:23:15,210 which is the traditional Arabian arrow. 550 00:23:15,210 --> 00:23:16,210 "A leafy tree," 551 00:23:16,210 --> 00:23:18,210 meaning a great, sprawling tree. 552 00:23:18,210 --> 00:23:21,240 "He embraced him as a father does with his child," 553 00:23:21,240 --> 00:23:23,240 "and a child with his father," 554 00:23:23,240 --> 00:23:27,240 meaning embracing, shaking hands, and kissing the hand. 555 00:23:27,240 --> 00:23:29,369 "Will you assist me?" 556 00:23:29,369 --> 00:23:31,369 meaning: will you help me? 557 00:23:31,369 --> 00:23:34,369 "A hillock," which is an elevated knoll, 558 00:23:34,369 --> 00:23:38,369 meaning a mound rising higher than its surroundings. 559 00:23:38,369 --> 00:23:41,470 "Raising the foundations of the House," 560 00:23:41,470 --> 00:23:43,559 meaning the foundation of the Ka'bah. 561 00:23:43,559 --> 00:23:45,559 "With this stone," 562 00:23:45,559 --> 00:23:50,599 referring to the famous Stone of the Station of Abraham, peace be upon him. 563 00:23:50,599 --> 00:23:53,599 He placed it for him, so he stood upon it, 564 00:23:53,599 --> 00:23:55,599 because the structure had grown high, 565 00:23:55,599 --> 00:23:59,599 requiring him to stand upon something to complete the construction of the House. 566 00:23:59,599 --> 00:24:02,599 When the building of the Ka'bah was completed, 567 00:24:02,599 --> 00:24:05,599 Abraham, peace be upon him, took the Station 568 00:24:05,599 --> 00:24:08,599 and placed it right next to the House. 569 00:24:08,599 --> 00:24:13,599 “And when Abraham and Ishmael were raising the foundations of the House, (Abraham prayed): Our Lord! Accept from us (this duty). Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Hearer, the Knower.” (2:127) 570 00:24:13,599 --> 00:24:15,599 Alongside this noble labor, 571 00:24:15,599 --> 00:24:19,599 they beseeched Allah to accept their deed from them, 572 00:24:19,599 --> 00:24:23,400 so that its immense benefit would prevail. 573 00:24:23,400 --> 00:24:27,230 Among the lessons of the hadith: 574 00:24:27,230 --> 00:24:29,230 It is derived from the hadith 575 00:24:29,230 --> 00:24:32,230 that the first woman to wear a girdle was Hagar. 576 00:24:33,230 --> 00:24:38,319 It shows that jealousy among women is a natural inclination. 577 00:24:38,319 --> 00:24:43,319 It indicates that no one is permitted to leave a person to perish in a wasteland, 578 00:24:43,319 --> 00:24:45,319 because Abraham, peace be upon him, 579 00:24:45,319 --> 00:24:47,319 only left his family in that valley 580 00:24:47,319 --> 00:24:50,420 by the direct command of Allah Almighty. 581 00:24:50,420 --> 00:24:54,420 It demonstrates the virtue and outcome of relying upon Allah Almighty. 582 00:24:54,420 --> 00:24:59,420 It shows that pursuing material means does not contradict reliance on Allah. 583 00:24:59,420 --> 00:25:03,420 It illustrates the fulfillment of the supplication of Abraham, peace be upon him. 584 00:25:03,420 --> 00:25:07,420 It demonstrates that whoever is referred to a capable party should accept it. 585 00:25:07,420 --> 00:25:10,420 It reveals the utmost compassion of a mother. 586 00:25:10,420 --> 00:25:15,519 The hadith provides evidence that striving and seeking livelihood is prescribed, 587 00:25:15,519 --> 00:25:19,519 for Ishmael's mother ran back and forth seeking sustenance for her child. 588 00:25:19,519 --> 00:25:23,519 It contains an implicit censure of helplessness and indolence. 589 00:25:23,519 --> 00:25:26,519 It establishes that Hagar, the mother of Ishmael, 590 00:25:26,519 --> 00:25:29,519 was the first person to walk between as-Safa and al-Marwah. 591 00:25:29,519 --> 00:25:31,549 It shows the virtue of the water of Zamzam, 592 00:25:31,549 --> 00:25:33,549 and that it serves as nourishing food. 593 00:25:33,549 --> 00:25:37,549 It illustrates the excellence of firm faith in Allah Almighty, 594 00:25:37,549 --> 00:25:41,549 and that Allah never neglects anyone who turns to Him. 595 00:25:41,549 --> 00:25:45,549 It records Hagar's sighting of Gabriel, peace be upon him. 596 00:25:45,549 --> 00:25:50,549 It includes the glad tidings given to Hagar regarding Abraham's return to them, 597 00:25:50,549 --> 00:25:52,549 and the eventual building of the Ka'bah. 598 00:25:52,549 --> 00:25:56,579 The hadith points to the validity of acting upon circumstantial indicators, 599 00:25:56,579 --> 00:25:59,579 for birds hover only over water. 600 00:25:59,579 --> 00:26:05,579 The hadith indicates that haste may forfeit some greater benefits. 601 00:26:05,579 --> 00:26:10,579 It shows that whoever reaches unowned water first has the foremost right to it. 602 00:26:10,579 --> 00:26:14,579 It proves that whoever is first to secure unowned water and takes possession of it 603 00:26:14,579 --> 00:26:17,579 cannot have it stripped from his hands without his consent. 604 00:26:17,579 --> 00:26:21,579 The hadith reflects the natural human aversion to loneliness. 605 00:26:21,579 --> 00:26:26,609 It also shows the obligation of a father to look after his child, even if living far from him. 606 00:26:26,609 --> 00:26:32,609 It also shows that the child should pursue a livelihood, and that this is among the best forms of earning. 607 00:26:32,609 --> 00:26:37,609 It also indicates that a righteous father may ask his son to separate from his wife 608 00:26:37,609 --> 00:26:41,609 if he sees that she is not fit to be a wife for him. 609 00:26:41,609 --> 00:26:45,710 It contains a censure of the woman who is quick to complain, 610 00:26:45,710 --> 00:26:47,710 and praise for the content, grateful woman. 611 00:26:48,710 --> 00:26:53,740 The hadith also points to the blameworthiness of discontent and constant complaint. 612 00:26:53,740 --> 00:26:58,740 It also reflects optimism in a pleasant appearance, as it is an indication of good. 613 00:26:58,740 --> 00:27:04,740 The hadith also indicates the virtue of contentment and accepting Allah's decree. 614 00:27:04,740 --> 00:27:08,740 It highlights the virtue of praising and extolling Allah Almighty. 615 00:27:08,740 --> 00:27:13,740 It also shows that subsisting solely on meat and water does not suit people's temperaments, 616 00:27:13,740 --> 00:27:19,740 as the bodily constitution is typically harmed by them, except in Makkah where they suit it; 617 00:27:19,740 --> 00:27:25,740 and this is among its blessings and the effect of the supplication of Ibrahim, peace be upon him. 618 00:27:25,740 --> 00:27:31,740 It also indicates that a man's happiness and the well-being of his home lie in a righteous wife. 619 00:27:31,740 --> 00:27:38,740 It shows that among the best crafts is the sharpening of arrows for archery, as it inflicts harm upon the enemy. 620 00:27:38,740 --> 00:27:42,740 It demonstrates the recommendation for a son to stand up to welcome his father. 621 00:27:42,740 --> 00:27:48,769 It also shows the permissibility of a father asking his son for assistance if the son has reached maturity. 622 00:27:48,769 --> 00:27:52,769 The hadith also contains a miracle of Ibrahim, peace be upon him, 623 00:27:52,769 --> 00:27:56,769 as the stone yielded beneath his foot when he grew frail with age. 624 00:27:56,769 --> 00:28:05,309 Chapter: There is no protected sanctuary (hima) except for Allah and His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 625 00:28:05,309 --> 00:28:09,920 On the authority of Al-Sa'b ibn Jaththamah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 626 00:28:09,920 --> 00:28:15,920 "The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed by me at Al-Abwa' or Waddan, 627 00:28:15,920 --> 00:28:20,920 and he was asked about the polytheists' dwellings being raided by night, 628 00:28:20,920 --> 00:28:23,920 resulting in the unintended killing of their women and children. 629 00:28:23,920 --> 00:28:26,920 He said: 'They are of them.' 630 00:28:26,920 --> 00:28:34,920 And I heard him say: 'There is no protected sanctuary except for Allah and His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.'" 631 00:28:34,920 --> 00:28:38,589 Commentary on the hadith: 632 00:28:38,589 --> 00:28:44,259 "At Al-Abwa'": It is one of the valleys of the Tihamah region of the Hijaz, 633 00:28:44,259 --> 00:28:47,259 and it is known today as Wadi Al-Khuraybah. 634 00:28:47,259 --> 00:28:51,289 "Being raided by night" means attacked under the cover of night. 635 00:28:51,289 --> 00:28:53,359 "No protected sanctuary (hima)": 636 00:28:53,359 --> 00:28:58,359 A hima is a pasture protected exclusively for specific livestock. 637 00:28:58,359 --> 00:29:01,799 Lessons drawn from the hadith: 638 00:29:01,799 --> 00:29:07,670 It is derived from the hadith that establishing a protected sanctuary is restricted to Allah and His Messenger. 639 00:29:07,670 --> 00:29:11,670 It indicates that the authority over public lands belongs to the ruler. 640 00:29:11,670 --> 00:29:14,670 It also establishes the permissibility of launching nighttime raids against the enemy. 641 00:29:14,670 --> 00:29:20,670 It also shows that the default rule is that people are partners in pasture that grows naturally. 642 00:29:20,670 --> 00:29:25,759 And it illustrates the legal maxim: what is permissible as an unintended consequence may not be permissible on its own.