WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.589 --> 00:00:12.830 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:12.830 --> 00:00:16.179 Surah al-'Alaq. 00:00:16.179 --> 00:00:22.559 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.559 --> 00:00:26.359 “Read: In the name of thy Lord Who createth,” (96:1) 00:00:26.359 --> 00:00:30.359 “Createth man from a clot.” (96:2) 00:00:30.359 --> 00:00:33.479 Read, and your Lord is the Most Generous. 00:00:33.479 --> 00:00:36.439 Who taught by the pen. 00:00:36.439 --> 00:00:41.000 “Teacheth man that which he knew not.” (96:5) 00:00:41.000 --> 00:00:45.799 Read, O Muhammad, by mentioning your Lord who created. 00:00:45.799 --> 00:00:48.829 He created man from a clot of blood. 00:00:48.829 --> 00:00:51.829 Read, O Muhammad, and your Lord is the Most Generous. 00:00:51.829 --> 00:00:55.310 Who taught His creation writing and calligraphy. 00:00:55.310 --> 00:00:59.539 He taught man calligraphy by the pen, which he did not know before. 00:00:59.539 --> 00:01:04.500 Along with other things that He taught him, which he did not know. 00:01:04.500 --> 00:01:11.549 “Nay, but verily man is rebellious” (96:6) 00:01:11.549 --> 00:01:14.549 He sees himself as self-sufficient. 00:01:14.549 --> 00:01:18.739 “Lo! unto thy Lord is the return.” (96:8) 00:01:18.739 --> 00:01:23.700 No, it is not fitting for man to be this way. 00:01:23.700 --> 00:01:27.700 For his Lord to bestow upon him the favor of perfecting his creation. 00:01:27.700 --> 00:01:30.700 And teaching him what he did not know. 00:01:30.700 --> 00:01:33.700 And bestowing upon him blessings that have no equal. 00:01:33.700 --> 00:01:37.700 Then he disbelieves in his Lord, who did all of that for him. 00:01:37.700 --> 00:01:40.700 Indeed, man transgresses all bounds. 00:01:40.700 --> 00:01:43.700 He acts arrogantly toward his Lord and disbelieves in Him. 00:01:43.700 --> 00:01:46.739 Because he sees himself as self-sufficient. 00:01:46.739 --> 00:01:49.739 Indeed, to your Lord, O Muhammad, is the return. 00:01:49.739 --> 00:01:53.739 He shall taste of His painful punishment that which he cannot withstand. 00:02:04.890 --> 00:02:07.890 Or commands righteousness. 00:02:07.890 --> 00:02:11.889 “Hast thou seen if he denieth (Allah's guidance) and is froward?” (96:13) 00:02:11.889 --> 00:02:16.889 “Is he then unaware that Allah seeth?” (96:14) 00:02:16.889 --> 00:02:20.750 It is mentioned that this verse and those following it. 00:02:20.750 --> 00:02:23.750 Were revealed regarding Abu Jahl ibn Hisham. 00:02:23.750 --> 00:02:26.750 This is because he said, according to what has reached us: 00:02:26.750 --> 00:02:30.750 "If I see Muhammad praying, I will trample upon his neck." 00:02:30.750 --> 00:02:32.750 And it was mentioned that: 00:02:32.750 --> 00:02:36.750 He had forbidden the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, from praying. 00:02:36.750 --> 00:02:41.750 So Allah said to His Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him: 00:02:41.750 --> 00:02:44.750 Have you seen, O Muhammad, Abu Jahl? 00:02:44.750 --> 00:02:47.750 Who forbids you from praying at the Maqam (station of Ibrahim). 00:02:47.750 --> 00:02:51.750 While he is turning away from the truth and denying it. 00:02:51.750 --> 00:02:54.750 Allah, may His praise be exalted, is expressing wonder to His Prophet and the believers. 00:02:54.750 --> 00:02:56.750 At the ignorance of Abu Jahl. 00:02:56.750 --> 00:02:58.750 And his audacity toward his Lord. 00:02:58.750 --> 00:03:01.750 In his forbidding Muhammad from praying to his Lord. 00:03:01.750 --> 00:03:05.750 While he is, despite his claims, a denier of the truth. 00:03:05.750 --> 00:03:09.939 Have you seen if Muhammad is upon guidance and rectitude. 00:03:09.939 --> 00:03:11.939 In his prayer to his Lord. 00:03:11.939 --> 00:03:15.939 Or if Muhammad commands this one who forbids prayer. 00:03:15.939 --> 00:03:18.939 To fear Allah and dread His punishment. 00:03:18.939 --> 00:03:20.939 Have you seen if Abu Jahl denies. 00:03:20.939 --> 00:03:23.939 The truth with which Muhammad was sent. 00:03:23.939 --> 00:03:26.939 And turns away from it, not believing in it. 00:03:26.939 --> 00:03:28.939 Does Abu Jahl not know? 00:03:28.939 --> 00:03:33.939 He is ignorant when he forbids Muhammad from worshipping his Lord and praying to Him. 00:03:33.939 --> 00:03:37.939 That Allah sees him, so he should fear His power and punishment. 00:03:37.939 --> 00:03:41.939 It is not as he says, that he will trample the neck of Muhammad. 00:03:41.939 --> 00:03:46.680 He is not capable of that, nor can he reach him. 00:03:46.680 --> 00:03:54.680 No, if he does not desist, We will surely drag him by the forelock. 00:03:54.680 --> 00:03:58.680 A lying, sinful forelock. 00:03:58.680 --> 00:04:02.680 Let him call his associates; We will call the angels of punishment. 00:04:02.680 --> 00:04:07.680 No, do not obey him, but prostrate and draw near. 00:04:07.680 --> 00:04:11.800 If Abu Jahl does not desist from bothering Muhammad. 00:04:11.800 --> 00:04:14.800 We will surely seize him by the front of his head. 00:04:14.800 --> 00:04:17.800 We will surely humiliate him and bring him low. 00:04:17.800 --> 00:04:20.860 The forelock is described as lying and sinful. 00:04:20.860 --> 00:04:23.959 The meaning refers to its owner. 00:04:23.959 --> 00:04:28.959 Let Abu Jahl call upon his assembly, his supporters from his clan and his people. 00:04:28.959 --> 00:04:31.959 This was said, according to what has reached us: 00:04:31.959 --> 00:04:35.959 Because when Abu Jahl forbade the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:04:35.959 --> 00:04:38.959 From praying at the Maqam. 00:04:38.959 --> 00:04:41.959 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, rebuked him. 00:04:41.959 --> 00:04:43.959 And spoke harshly to him. 00:04:43.959 --> 00:04:45.959 So Abu Jahl said: 00:04:45.959 --> 00:04:47.959 "On what basis does Muhammad threaten me?" 00:04:47.959 --> 00:04:50.959 "When I have the largest assembly in the valley." 00:04:50.959 --> 00:04:54.019 So Allah, may His praise be exalted, said: 00:04:54.019 --> 00:04:58.019 "If he does not desist, We will surely drag him by his forelock." 00:04:58.019 --> 00:05:01.019 Let him call his assembly at that time. 00:05:01.019 --> 00:05:05.019 For if he calls his assembly, We will call the angels of punishment. 00:05:05.019 --> 00:05:09.120 No, the matter is not as Abu Jahl says. 00:05:09.120 --> 00:05:13.120 When he forbids Muhammad from worshipping his Lord and praying to Him. 00:05:13.120 --> 00:05:19.120 Do not obey Abu Jahl in what he commands you regarding abandoning prayer to your Lord. 00:05:19.120 --> 00:05:21.120 But prostrate to your Lord. 00:05:21.120 --> 00:05:24.120 And draw near to Him by seeking His love through obeying Him. 00:05:24.120 --> 00:05:27.120 For Abu Jahl will never be able to harm you. 00:05:27.120 --> 00:05:30.120 And We will protect you from him. 00:05:30.120 --> 00:05:33.860 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.