WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.169 --> 00:00:08.009 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.630 --> 00:00:12.710 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shamr. 00:00:14.109 --> 00:00:16.149 Surah Maryam. 00:00:18.260 --> 00:00:22.219 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.539 --> 00:00:32.439 Kaf-Ha-Ya-'Ayn-Sad. 00:00:32.679 --> 00:00:37.399 A mention of the mercy of your Lord upon His servant Zakariyya. 00:00:37.719 --> 00:00:43.600 “When he cried unto his Lord a cry in secret,” (19:3) 00:00:44.039 --> 00:00:49.859 He said, "My Lord, my bones have become brittle." 00:00:49.859 --> 00:00:55.979 "And my head has flared with white hair." 00:00:55.979 --> 00:01:02.579 “Saying: My Lord! Lo! the bones of me wax feeble and my head is shining with grey hair, and I have never been unblest in prayer to Thee, my Lord.” (19:4) 00:01:04.209 --> 00:01:07.209 Kaf-Ha-Ya-'Ayn-Sad. 00:01:07.930 --> 00:01:11.609 This is a mention of the mercy of your Lord upon His servant Zakariyya. 00:01:12.090 --> 00:01:15.650 When he called upon his Lord and asked Him with a private supplication. 00:01:16.049 --> 00:01:19.890 He said, "My Lord, my bones have weakened." 00:01:20.209 --> 00:01:22.409 "And gray hair has spread across my head." 00:01:22.810 --> 00:01:25.129 "And I have never been disappointed, my Lord, in my supplication to You." 00:01:25.530 --> 00:01:28.209 "For You have never failed to answer my prayers before." 00:01:28.209 --> 00:01:31.129 "As I used to call upon You in my time of need." 00:01:31.489 --> 00:01:34.810 "Rather, You would answer and fulfill my needs before I even asked." 00:01:36.709 --> 00:01:42.430 “Lo! I fear my kinsfolk after me, since my wife is barren. Oh, give me from Thy presence a successor” (19:5) 00:01:42.430 --> 00:01:49.390 "And my wife was barren." 00:01:49.390 --> 00:01:53.950 “Lo! I fear my kinsfolk after me, since my wife is barren. Oh, give me from Thy presence a successor” (19:5) 00:01:54.390 --> 00:01:59.349 "To inherit from me and inherit from the family of Ya'qub." 00:01:59.829 --> 00:02:02.790 "And make him, my Lord, pleasing to You." 00:02:04.180 --> 00:02:06.739 "I fear my cousins and my kinsmen." 00:02:06.739 --> 00:02:08.659 "After I am gone, that they might inherit [the leadership]." 00:02:09.099 --> 00:02:11.300 "And my wife was unable to bear children." 00:02:11.900 --> 00:02:15.740 "So grant me from Yourself a son who will be an heir and a helper." 00:02:16.219 --> 00:02:18.659 "To inherit my wealth after my death." 00:02:19.060 --> 00:02:21.659 "And to inherit the prophethood from the family of Ya'qub." 00:02:22.139 --> 00:02:26.139 "And make, my Lord, the heir whom You grant me pleasing." 00:02:26.539 --> 00:02:27.740 "Pleasing to You." 00:02:28.020 --> 00:02:31.099 "And pleasing to Your servants in his religion and character." 00:02:32.659 --> 00:02:46.500 "O Zakariyya, We give you glad tidings of a boy whose name is Yahya." 00:02:46.500 --> 00:02:51.020 “(It was said unto him): O Zachariah! Lo! We bring thee tidings of a son whose name is John; we have given the same name to none before (him).” (19:7) 00:02:52.319 --> 00:02:54.039 So his Lord answered him. 00:02:54.400 --> 00:02:55.319 And said to him: 00:02:55.840 --> 00:03:01.400 "O Zakariyya, We give you glad tidings of our gift to you: a boy named Yahya." 00:03:01.919 --> 00:03:06.680 "We have not given anyone before him that name." 00:03:08.379 --> 00:03:25.740 “He said: My Lord! How can I have a son when my wife is barren and I have reached infirm old age?” (19:8) 00:03:27.240 --> 00:03:30.639 Zakariyya said, when Allah gave him the glad tidings of Yahya: 00:03:31.199 --> 00:03:36.639 "My Lord, how can I have a boy, and in what way will that come to be?" 00:03:37.159 --> 00:03:39.560 "My wife is barren and cannot conceive." 00:03:40.120 --> 00:03:43.599 "And I have grown too old and weak to have relations with women." 00:03:44.159 --> 00:03:47.719 "I have reached such an advanced age that my bones have become brittle and dry." 00:03:48.569 --> 00:03:51.409 Zakariyya was seeking confirmation from his Lord regarding the news. 00:03:51.810 --> 00:03:55.370 About the manner in which he would be granted a son. 00:03:55.849 --> 00:04:01.569 Not out of denial, peace be upon him, of the reality of what Allah had promised him. 00:04:02.909 --> 00:04:04.430 He said, "Thus it shall be." 00:04:05.030 --> 00:04:18.670 “He said: So (it will be). Thy Lord saith: It is easy for Me, even as I created thee before, when thou wast naught.” (19:9) 00:04:20.329 --> 00:04:22.889 Allah said to Zakariyya, answering him: 00:04:23.610 --> 00:04:25.769 "The matter is just as you say." 00:04:26.250 --> 00:04:28.050 "That your wife is barren." 00:04:28.610 --> 00:04:31.449 "And that you have reached an extreme old age." 00:04:32.089 --> 00:04:33.889 "But your Lord says:" 00:04:34.569 --> 00:04:37.129 "The creation of the boy I have promised you," 00:04:37.610 --> 00:04:40.410 "Whose name I have told you is Yahya," 00:04:40.769 --> 00:04:41.930 "Is easy for Me." 00:04:42.569 --> 00:04:46.410 "And the creation of the boy I have promised to grant you," 00:04:46.850 --> 00:04:48.209 "Is no more wondrous than your own creation." 00:04:48.970 --> 00:04:52.649 "For I created you and brought you into existence as a sound human being," 00:04:53.050 --> 00:04:57.649 "Before I created the son I promised to grant you." 00:04:58.129 --> 00:04:59.610 "When you were nothing at all." 00:05:01.029 --> 00:05:03.709 He said, "My Lord, grant me a sign." 00:05:04.269 --> 00:05:13.029 “He said: My Lord! Appoint for me some token. He said: Thy token is that thou, with no bodily defect, shalt not speak unto mankind three nights.” (19:10) 00:05:14.560 --> 00:05:15.759 Zakariyya said: 00:05:16.439 --> 00:05:21.720 "My Lord, grant me a sign and a proof of what Your angels have promised me." 00:05:22.160 --> 00:05:24.680 "So that my heart may be at peace." 00:05:25.439 --> 00:05:26.319 Allah said: 00:05:26.920 --> 00:05:28.399 "Your sign for that is:" 00:05:28.920 --> 00:05:33.560 "That you shall not speak to the people for three nights, while you are sound and healthy." 00:05:34.079 --> 00:05:38.680 "With no dumbness or illness preventing you from speaking." 00:05:40.060 --> 00:05:43.860 “Then he came forth unto his people from the sanctuary, and signified to them: Glorify your Lord at break of day and fall of night.” (19:11) 00:05:43.860 --> 00:05:47.660 “Then he came forth unto his people from the sanctuary, and signified to them: Glorify your Lord at break of day and fall of night.” (19:11) 00:05:48.220 --> 00:05:56.019 “Then he came forth unto his people from the sanctuary, and signified to them: Glorify your Lord at break of day and fall of night.” (19:11) 00:05:57.620 --> 00:06:03.819 So Zakariyya came out to his people from his prayer chamber when his tongue was restrained from speaking to people. 00:06:04.420 --> 00:06:08.339 As a sign from Allah to him of the truth of His promise. 00:06:08.939 --> 00:06:10.259 And he signaled to them. 00:06:10.939 --> 00:06:14.379 This signal may have been by hand or by writing. 00:06:14.980 --> 00:06:18.740 Or by other means through which his intent could be understood. 00:06:19.259 --> 00:06:22.819 Or he signaled to them to glorify Allah morning and evening. 00:06:23.579 --> 00:06:27.779 It is possible that he commanded them to perform the glorification (tasbih), which is the remembrance of Allah. 00:06:28.300 --> 00:06:30.939 And it is possible that he meant by it the prayer (salah). 00:06:42.319 --> 00:06:44.519 Then Yahya was born to Zakariyya. 00:06:45.199 --> 00:06:47.879 And when he was born, Allah said to him: 00:06:48.480 --> 00:06:51.000 "O Yahya, take the Torah with determination." 00:06:51.639 --> 00:06:55.160 And We gave him understanding of the Book of Allah in his childhood. 00:06:55.600 --> 00:06:58.079 Before he reached the age of manhood. 00:06:59.290 --> 00:07:07.769 “And compassion from Our presence, and purity; and he was devout,” (19:13) 00:07:09.470 --> 00:07:12.350 And as a mercy from Us to him and out of love for him. 00:07:12.949 --> 00:07:15.310 We gave Yahya wisdom while he was still a child. 00:07:15.949 --> 00:07:18.550 And We gave him purity from sins. 00:07:19.269 --> 00:07:24.470 He was fearful of Allah, fulfilling His obligations, and avoiding His prohibitions. 00:07:24.990 --> 00:07:26.750 Hastening to obey Him. 00:07:28.220 --> 00:07:35.860 “And dutiful toward his parents. And he was not arrogant, rebellious.” (19:14) 00:07:36.420 --> 00:07:43.579 “Peace on him the day he was born, and the day he dieth and the day he shall be raised alive!” (19:15) 00:07:45.290 --> 00:07:47.129 And he was dutiful to his parents. 00:07:47.689 --> 00:07:52.050 He was not arrogant toward the obedience of his Lord or his parents. 00:07:52.610 --> 00:07:57.730 Rather, he was humble and submissive to Allah and his parents. 00:07:58.490 --> 00:08:00.810 And there was security from Allah for him on the day he was born. 00:08:01.290 --> 00:08:06.009 From being touched by the evil of Satan as other children of Adam are. 00:08:06.569 --> 00:08:11.250 And security from Allah for him from the trials of the grave and the terror of the Resurrection. 00:08:11.689 --> 00:08:15.649 And security for him from the punishment of Allah on the Day of Judgment. 00:08:17.269 --> 00:08:26.189 “And make mention of Mary in the Scripture, when she had withdrawn from her people to a chamber looking East,” (19:16) 00:08:26.750 --> 00:08:39.110 “And had chosen seclusion from them. Then We sent unto her Our Spirit and it assumed for her the likeness of a perfect man.” (19:17) 00:08:39.110 --> 00:08:43.789 “And had chosen seclusion from them. Then We sent unto her Our Spirit and it assumed for her the likeness of a perfect man.” (19:17) 00:08:45.340 --> 00:08:51.379 And mention, O Muhammad, in the Book of Allah which He revealed to you, Maryam, daughter of 'Imran. 00:08:51.940 --> 00:08:53.740 When she withdrew from her family. 00:08:54.299 --> 00:08:58.700 And secluded herself in a place to the east of them. 00:08:59.299 --> 00:09:04.100 And she took a veil to screen herself from them and from the people. 00:09:04.659 --> 00:09:06.620 So We sent Our angel Jibril to her. 00:09:07.059 --> 00:09:11.620 And he appeared to her in the form of a perfectly formed human being. 00:09:13.139 --> 00:09:22.399 “She said: Lo! I seek refuge in the Beneficent One from thee, if thou art Allah-fearing.” (19:18) 00:09:22.960 --> 00:09:31.879 “He said: I am only a messenger of thy Lord, that I may bestow on thee a faultless son.” (19:19) 00:09:33.690 --> 00:09:39.289 Maryam feared our messenger and thought he was a man who intended to violate her. 00:09:39.970 --> 00:09:46.889 She said, "I seek refuge in the Most Gracious from you, that you might do to me what He has forbidden." 00:09:47.450 --> 00:09:50.730 "If you are one who fears Him and avoids His prohibitions." 00:09:51.370 --> 00:09:56.570 Our spirit said to her, "I am only a messenger from your Lord, O Maryam." 00:09:57.090 --> 00:10:01.970 "Sent to you so that Allah may grant you a pure boy, free from sins." 00:10:03.500 --> 00:10:17.649 “She said: How can I have a son when no mortal hath touched me, neither have I been unchaste?” (19:20) 00:10:18.210 --> 00:10:23.649 He said, "Thus it shall be; your Lord says it is easy for Me." 00:10:24.289 --> 00:10:32.289 “He said: So (it will be). Thy Lord saith: It is easy for Me. And (it will be) that We may make of him a revelation for mankind and a mercy from Us, and it is a thing ordained.” (19:21) 00:10:32.769 --> 00:10:36.769 And it was a matter already decreed. 00:10:38.190 --> 00:10:42.870 Maryam said to Jibril, "How can I have a boy?" 00:10:43.269 --> 00:10:47.750 "When no man has touched me in a lawful marriage." 00:10:48.350 --> 00:10:52.389 "And I have not been unchaste to have done so in an unlawful way." 00:10:53.210 --> 00:10:57.490 Jibril said to her, "The matter is as you describe." 00:10:57.769 --> 00:11:02.169 "That no man has touched you and you have not been unchaste." 00:11:02.730 --> 00:11:04.490 "But your Lord said:" 00:11:05.129 --> 00:11:09.529 "The creation of the boy is easy for Me; it is not difficult for Me to create him." 00:11:10.090 --> 00:11:15.450 "And so that We may make the boy whom We grant you a sign and a proof of My creation." 00:11:15.970 --> 00:11:17.730 "And a mercy from Us to you." 00:11:18.409 --> 00:11:21.850 "And his creation from you was a matter that Allah had already decreed." 00:11:22.330 --> 00:11:26.450 "And it had already passed in His judgment and prior knowledge that it would come to pass."