1 00:00:00,780 --> 00:00:09,779 *Riyad al-Salihin* (The Meadows of the Righteous) from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 2 00:00:09,779 --> 00:00:15,339 Chapter: The Virtue of Hunger, Living a Rigorous Life, 3 00:00:15,339 --> 00:00:20,339 Restricting Oneself to Little Food, Drink, and Clothing, 4 00:00:20,339 --> 00:00:25,339 And Renouncing Other Desires and Pleasures of the Self. 5 00:00:25,339 --> 00:00:30,390 On the authority of Khalid ibn 'Umayr al-'Adawi, who said: 6 00:00:30,390 --> 00:00:35,390 'Utbah ibn Ghazwan, who was the governor of Basra, delivered a sermon to us. 7 00:00:35,390 --> 00:00:39,390 He praised and extolled Allah, then said: 8 00:00:39,390 --> 00:00:43,390 "To proceed: Verily, this world has announced its departure 9 00:00:43,390 --> 00:00:46,390 and turned away swiftly, 10 00:00:46,390 --> 00:00:50,390 and nothing remains of it except a meager remnant like the dregs left in a vessel 11 00:00:50,390 --> 00:00:53,390 which its owner tries to drain. 12 00:00:53,390 --> 00:00:58,520 You are surely moving from it to an abode that knows no end, 13 00:00:58,520 --> 00:01:01,520 so depart with the best of what you have at hand. 14 00:01:01,520 --> 00:01:07,519 For it has been mentioned to us that a stone thrown from the brink of Hellfire 15 00:01:07,519 --> 00:01:10,519 falls through it for seventy years 16 00:01:10,519 --> 00:01:13,519 without reaching its bottom. 17 00:01:13,519 --> 00:01:17,519 Yet, by Allah, it will surely be filled—does that surprise you? 18 00:01:17,519 --> 00:01:23,650 And it has been mentioned to us that the distance between two doorposts of the gates of Paradise 19 00:01:23,650 --> 00:01:26,650 is a journey of forty years, 20 00:01:26,650 --> 00:01:31,650 yet a day will certainly come upon it when it is packed with throngs of people. 21 00:01:31,650 --> 00:01:38,709 Indeed, I remember myself as the seventh of seven with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 22 00:01:38,709 --> 00:01:42,709 having no food except tree leaves, 23 00:01:42,709 --> 00:01:45,709 until the sides of our mouths became ulcerated. 24 00:01:45,709 --> 00:01:51,709 Then I found a cloak and tore it in half between myself and Sa'd ibn Malik; 25 00:01:51,709 --> 00:01:53,739 I wore half of it as a waist-wrap, 26 00:01:53,739 --> 00:01:56,739 and Sa'd wore the other half as a waist-wrap. 27 00:01:56,739 --> 00:01:59,780 Yet today, not one of us remains 28 00:01:59,780 --> 00:02:03,780 except that he has become a governor over one of the major cities. 29 00:02:03,780 --> 00:02:08,870 And I seek refuge in Allah from being great in my own eyes, 30 00:02:08,870 --> 00:02:11,870 yet small in the sight of Allah." 31 00:02:11,870 --> 00:02:13,969 Related by Muslim. 32 00:02:13,969 --> 00:02:18,259 His saying *'adhanat'* means it has announced. 33 00:02:18,259 --> 00:02:20,259 His saying *'bi-sarmin'*— 34 00:02:20,259 --> 00:02:22,259 his saying *'bi-sarmin'* 35 00:02:22,259 --> 00:02:25,319 means its severance and passing away. 36 00:02:25,319 --> 00:02:28,319 His saying *'wallat hadhdha'* 37 00:02:28,319 --> 00:02:30,479 means it has turned away swiftly. 38 00:02:30,479 --> 00:02:34,509 And *al-subabah* is the meager remnant left behind. 39 00:02:34,509 --> 00:02:37,509 His saying *'yatasabbabuha'* 40 00:02:37,509 --> 00:02:39,509 means he tries to collect it. 41 00:02:39,509 --> 00:02:43,610 And *al-kaziz* means packed full and crowded. 42 00:02:43,610 --> 00:02:45,610 His saying *'qarihat'* 43 00:02:45,610 --> 00:02:49,919 means sores and ulcers formed in them. 44 00:02:49,919 --> 00:02:50,919 *Shafir Jahannam* 45 00:02:50,919 --> 00:02:52,919 means its uppermost edge. 46 00:02:52,919 --> 00:02:56,110 *Fayahwi* means it falls downward. 47 00:02:56,110 --> 00:02:58,210 *Qa'ran*— 48 00:02:58,210 --> 00:03:00,210 *al-qa'r* is the very bottom of something. 49 00:03:00,210 --> 00:03:02,400 *Misra'ayn* 50 00:03:02,400 --> 00:03:04,400 is the dual form of *misra'*, 51 00:03:04,400 --> 00:03:06,400 which is one leaf of a two-leaved door. 52 00:03:06,400 --> 00:03:08,689 *Ashdaquna* 53 00:03:08,689 --> 00:03:10,689 is the plural of *shidq*, 54 00:03:10,689 --> 00:03:12,849 which is the inner side of the cheek or corner of the mouth. 55 00:03:12,849 --> 00:03:13,849 *Burdah* 56 00:03:13,849 --> 00:03:17,580 refers to a striped woolen cloak. 57 00:03:17,580 --> 00:03:19,580 Among the beneficial lessons of this hadith: 58 00:03:19,580 --> 00:03:22,189 The Sunnah regarding the sermon 59 00:03:22,189 --> 00:03:26,189 is to begin with the praise and glorification of Allah as He deserves, 60 00:03:26,189 --> 00:03:31,189 followed by invoking blessings upon the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 61 00:03:31,189 --> 00:03:34,580 The legitimacy of advising one's brothers, 62 00:03:34,580 --> 00:03:36,580 encouraging them toward good, 63 00:03:36,580 --> 00:03:39,960 and warning them of the Hereafter. 64 00:03:39,960 --> 00:03:41,960 The nearness of the Hour 65 00:03:41,960 --> 00:03:44,960 and the swift passing and vanishing of this worldly life. 66 00:03:44,960 --> 00:03:48,500 Demonstrating the majesty of Allah Almighty 67 00:03:48,500 --> 00:03:51,979 through the immense creation of the Fire and Paradise. 68 00:03:51,979 --> 00:03:53,979 The vast multitude of those entering Paradise 69 00:03:53,979 --> 00:03:55,979 owing to the all-encompassing mercy of Allah Almighty 70 00:03:55,979 --> 00:03:57,979 and His abundant grace. 71 00:03:57,979 --> 00:04:02,500 An illustration of the condition of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 72 00:04:02,500 --> 00:04:05,500 and the early Companions who preceded others in Islam, 73 00:04:05,500 --> 00:04:07,500 regarding the severity of their hardships 74 00:04:07,500 --> 00:04:10,500 and the austerity of their lives, 75 00:04:10,500 --> 00:04:14,500 all for the sake of spreading the religion of Allah Almighty among all mankind. 76 00:04:14,500 --> 00:04:17,529 Thus, when they showed patience and possessed firm conviction, 77 00:04:17,529 --> 00:04:21,529 they became leaders guiding by Allah's command, 78 00:04:21,529 --> 00:04:24,529 and the succession and empowerment on earth were fulfilled for them— 79 00:04:24,529 --> 00:04:27,529 which the Lord of the worlds promised 80 00:04:27,529 --> 00:04:29,529 to His believing servants. 81 00:04:29,529 --> 00:04:32,980 The obligation of taking refuge in Allah Almighty 82 00:04:32,980 --> 00:04:36,980 from the delusions of the self and the embellishments of Satan. 83 00:04:36,980 --> 00:04:43,509 On the authority of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 84 00:04:43,509 --> 00:04:46,509 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, brought out to us 85 00:04:46,509 --> 00:04:49,509 a thick woolen garment and a coarse lower wrap, 86 00:04:49,509 --> 00:04:51,509 and said: 87 00:04:51,509 --> 00:04:54,509 "The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was taken in death 88 00:04:54,509 --> 00:04:56,610 while wearing these two." 89 00:04:56,610 --> 00:04:58,610 Agreed upon. 90 00:04:58,610 --> 00:05:02,439 *Kisa'* means a garment, 91 00:05:02,439 --> 00:05:06,660 and *izar* means the garment that covers the body 92 00:05:06,660 --> 00:05:09,889 from the navel downward. 93 00:05:09,889 --> 00:05:12,889 *Ghaliz* means coarse and thick. 94 00:05:12,889 --> 00:05:16,910 Among the beneficial lessons of this hadith: 95 00:05:16,910 --> 00:05:19,910 Encouragement toward living a rugged life 96 00:05:19,910 --> 00:05:21,910 and wearing coarse garments, 97 00:05:21,910 --> 00:05:23,910 in accordance with the principle: 98 00:05:23,910 --> 00:05:28,490 "Accustom yourselves to a rugged life, for blessings do not last forever." 99 00:05:28,490 --> 00:05:31,939 The permissibility of wearing a *kisa'* and an *izar*. 100 00:05:31,939 --> 00:05:35,939 The asceticism of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 101 00:05:35,939 --> 00:05:37,939 as well as his humility and contentment; 102 00:05:37,939 --> 00:05:40,939 for he used to wear whatever was readily available, 103 00:05:40,939 --> 00:05:45,250 without extravagance or pride. 104 00:05:45,250 --> 00:05:49,250 On the authority of Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 105 00:05:49,250 --> 00:05:54,250 "I was the first of the Arabs to shoot an arrow in the cause of Allah. 106 00:05:54,250 --> 00:05:59,279 We used to go on military expeditions with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 107 00:05:59,279 --> 00:06:03,279 having no food except the leaves of the *hublah* tree 108 00:06:03,279 --> 00:06:05,339 and this *samur* (acacia), 109 00:06:05,339 --> 00:06:09,339 to the extent that one of us would pass stool just as a sheep does, 110 00:06:09,339 --> 00:06:11,339 without it sticking together." 111 00:06:11,339 --> 00:06:13,439 Agreed upon. 112 00:06:13,439 --> 00:06:15,730 *Al-hublah* and *al-samur* 113 00:06:15,730 --> 00:06:19,730 are two well-known types of desert trees. 114 00:06:19,730 --> 00:06:24,560 "Would pass stool" is a polite euphemism for defecation, 115 00:06:24,560 --> 00:06:26,720 "just as a sheep does" 116 00:06:26,720 --> 00:06:28,720 referring to droppings, 117 00:06:28,720 --> 00:06:29,939 *khalat*— 118 00:06:29,939 --> 00:06:32,939 meaning they did not clump together 119 00:06:32,939 --> 00:06:34,939 due to extreme dryness. 120 00:06:34,939 --> 00:06:38,649 Among the beneficial lessons of this hadith: 121 00:06:38,649 --> 00:06:41,939 The permissibility of speaking about the favors of Allah Almighty 122 00:06:41,939 --> 00:06:43,939 and mentioning acts of obedience, 123 00:06:44,939 --> 00:06:49,420 provided this does not lead to conceit or ostentation. 124 00:06:49,420 --> 00:06:51,420 The striving Ummah 125 00:06:51,420 --> 00:06:54,420 does not indulge excessively in food and drink, 126 00:06:54,420 --> 00:06:58,420 nor does it immerse itself in worldly luxuries and pleasures, 127 00:06:58,420 --> 00:07:02,420 because of the lethargy and weakness that result from such indulgence; 128 00:07:02,420 --> 00:07:05,420 rather, it contents itself with little 129 00:07:05,420 --> 00:07:07,420 in order to reach its destination and rightful standing, 130 00:07:07,420 --> 00:07:09,420 and to spread its faith. 131 00:07:09,420 --> 00:07:12,829 The patience of the Companions in enduring the hardships of life 132 00:07:12,829 --> 00:07:14,829 and the coarseness of food, 133 00:07:14,829 --> 00:07:17,829 for the sake of raising the banner of faith 134 00:07:17,829 --> 00:07:22,269 and spreading the message of Islam. 135 00:07:22,269 --> 00:07:25,269 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 136 00:07:25,269 --> 00:07:29,269 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 137 00:07:29,269 --> 00:07:34,339 "O Allah, make the provision of the family of Muhammad sufficient for basic sustenance." 138 00:07:34,339 --> 00:07:36,529 Agreed upon. 139 00:07:36,529 --> 00:07:39,819 The scholars of language and rare hadith vocabulary stated: 140 00:07:39,819 --> 00:07:41,819 The meaning of *qutan* (basic sustenance) 141 00:07:41,819 --> 00:07:45,060 is that which merely sustains life and keeps one going. 142 00:07:45,060 --> 00:07:47,060 Among the beneficial lessons of this hadith: 143 00:07:47,060 --> 00:07:50,290 Asceticism is contentment with whatever Allah has apportioned, 144 00:07:50,290 --> 00:07:54,290 being satisfied with the little that strengthens your back, 145 00:07:54,290 --> 00:07:56,290 gets you safely to your destination, 146 00:07:56,290 --> 00:07:59,290 and spares you from need and begging. 147 00:07:59,290 --> 00:08:05,740 Moderation of condition brings safety from the pitfalls of both wealth and poverty. 148 00:08:05,740 --> 00:08:09,379 It is not permissible to ask Allah for poverty, 149 00:08:09,379 --> 00:08:13,379 for the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, sought refuge from it; 150 00:08:13,379 --> 00:08:16,379 rather, he asked Allah for sufficiency. 151 00:08:16,379 --> 00:08:19,819 This does not contradict the permissibility of wealth, 152 00:08:19,819 --> 00:08:21,819 provided it is earned lawfully 153 00:08:21,819 --> 00:08:24,819 and Allah's due right regarding it is fulfilled; 154 00:08:24,819 --> 00:08:28,819 for indeed, among the Companions were grateful wealthy individuals. 155 00:08:28,819 --> 00:08:34,230 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 156 00:08:34,230 --> 00:08:38,259 "By Allah, besides Whom there is no deity worthy of worship, 157 00:08:38,259 --> 00:08:42,259 I used to press my liver against the ground out of hunger, 158 00:08:42,259 --> 00:08:46,259 and I used to bind a stone against my belly out of hunger. 159 00:08:46,259 --> 00:08:51,330 One day, I sat along their path from which they used to emerge, 160 00:08:51,330 --> 00:08:55,330 and the Prophet, peace be upon him, passed by me. 161 00:08:55,330 --> 00:08:57,330 He smiled when he saw me, 162 00:08:57,330 --> 00:09:01,330 recognizing what was on my face and what was in my heart. 163 00:09:01,330 --> 00:09:04,330 Then he said: 'O Aba Hirr!' 164 00:09:04,330 --> 00:09:08,330 I replied: 'At your service, O Messenger of Allah!' 165 00:09:08,330 --> 00:09:10,330 He said: 'Come along!' 166 00:09:10,330 --> 00:09:12,330 'Come along!' 167 00:09:12,330 --> 00:09:13,330 and he walked on, 168 00:09:13,330 --> 00:09:15,330 so I followed him. 169 00:09:15,330 --> 00:09:17,330 He entered his house, so I asked permission to enter, 170 00:09:17,330 --> 00:09:18,330 and he granted me permission, 171 00:09:18,330 --> 00:09:20,330 so I entered. 172 00:09:20,330 --> 00:09:22,330 He found milk in a bowl 173 00:09:22,330 --> 00:09:26,330 and asked: 'From where did this milk come?' 174 00:09:26,330 --> 00:09:30,330 They said: 'It was gifted to you by so-and-so (man or woman).' 175 00:09:30,330 --> 00:09:33,360 He said: 'O Aba Hirr!' 176 00:09:33,360 --> 00:09:37,389 I replied: 'At your service, O Messenger of Allah!' 177 00:09:37,389 --> 00:09:38,389 He said: 178 00:09:38,389 --> 00:09:42,460 'Go to the people of the Suffah and invite them to me.' 179 00:09:42,460 --> 00:09:43,460 He said: 180 00:09:43,460 --> 00:09:46,460 'The people of the Suffah were the guests of Islam; 181 00:09:46,460 --> 00:09:51,460 they had no families, wealth, or anyone to rely upon. 182 00:09:51,460 --> 00:09:54,460 Whenever charity was brought to him, 183 00:09:54,460 --> 00:09:56,460 he would send it to them 184 00:09:56,460 --> 00:09:59,460 and take nothing from it; 185 00:09:59,460 --> 00:10:01,460 and whenever a gift was brought to him, 186 00:10:01,460 --> 00:10:03,460 he would send for them, 187 00:10:03,460 --> 00:10:06,519 partake of it himself, and share it with them.' 188 00:10:06,519 --> 00:10:08,519 That distressed me, 189 00:10:08,519 --> 00:10:09,519 and I said to myself: 190 00:10:09,519 --> 00:10:12,519 'What is this milk among all the people of the Suffah? 191 00:10:12,519 --> 00:10:18,519 I was more deserving of having a drink from this milk to gain some strength! 192 00:10:18,519 --> 00:10:21,519 Yet when they arrive, he will command me 193 00:10:21,519 --> 00:10:23,519 to be the one serving them, 194 00:10:23,519 --> 00:10:27,519 and what chance is there that any of this milk will reach me?' 195 00:10:27,519 --> 00:10:34,679 But there was no alternative to obeying Allah and obeying His Messenger, peace be upon him. 196 00:10:34,679 --> 00:10:37,679 So I went to them and invited them; 197 00:10:37,679 --> 00:10:39,679 they came, asked for permission to enter, 198 00:10:39,679 --> 00:10:41,679 and he granted them permission, 199 00:10:41,679 --> 00:10:44,779 and took their seats in the house. 200 00:10:44,779 --> 00:10:45,779 He said, 201 00:10:45,779 --> 00:10:47,779 "O Abu Hirr!" 202 00:10:47,779 --> 00:10:48,779 I replied, 203 00:10:48,779 --> 00:10:51,809 "At your service, O Messenger of Allah!" 204 00:10:51,809 --> 00:10:52,809 He said, 205 00:10:52,809 --> 00:10:54,840 "Take it and hand it to them." 206 00:10:54,840 --> 00:10:55,840 He [Abu Hurayrah] said: 207 00:10:55,840 --> 00:10:57,840 So I took the bowl 208 00:10:57,840 --> 00:10:59,840 and began handing it to each man, 209 00:10:59,840 --> 00:11:02,840 who would drink until fully quenched, 210 00:11:02,840 --> 00:11:04,840 then hand the bowl back to me. 211 00:11:04,840 --> 00:11:06,840 I would then hand it to the next, 212 00:11:06,840 --> 00:11:08,840 and he would drink until fully quenched, 213 00:11:08,840 --> 00:11:11,840 then hand the bowl back to me, 214 00:11:11,840 --> 00:11:15,840 until I reached the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 215 00:11:15,840 --> 00:11:18,840 and all the people had drunk their fill. 216 00:11:18,840 --> 00:11:20,840 He then took the bowl 217 00:11:20,840 --> 00:11:22,840 and placed it on his hand, 218 00:11:22,840 --> 00:11:25,840 looked at me, smiled, 219 00:11:25,840 --> 00:11:27,840 and said, 220 00:11:27,840 --> 00:11:28,840 "Abu Hirr!" 221 00:11:28,840 --> 00:11:29,940 I replied, 222 00:11:29,940 --> 00:11:32,970 "At your service, O Messenger of Allah!" 223 00:11:32,970 --> 00:11:33,970 He said, 224 00:11:33,970 --> 00:11:35,970 "Only you and I are left." 225 00:11:35,970 --> 00:11:36,970 I said, 226 00:11:36,970 --> 00:11:39,970 "You have spoken the truth, O Messenger of Allah." 227 00:11:39,970 --> 00:11:41,029 He said, 228 00:11:41,029 --> 00:11:43,029 "Sit down and drink." 229 00:11:43,029 --> 00:11:45,029 So I sat down and drank. 230 00:11:45,029 --> 00:11:47,029 He kept saying, 231 00:11:47,029 --> 00:11:48,029 "Drink," 232 00:11:48,029 --> 00:11:49,029 and I drank, 233 00:11:49,029 --> 00:11:51,029 and he continued to say, 234 00:11:51,029 --> 00:11:52,029 "Drink," 235 00:11:52,029 --> 00:11:54,029 until I said, 236 00:11:54,029 --> 00:11:57,029 "No, by the One Who sent you with the truth, 237 00:11:57,029 --> 00:11:59,029 I find no further room for it!" 238 00:11:59,029 --> 00:12:00,029 He said, 239 00:12:00,029 --> 00:12:02,129 "Then show it to me." 240 00:12:02,129 --> 00:12:04,129 So I gave him the bowl; 241 00:12:04,129 --> 00:12:07,129 he praised Allah Almighty, pronounced His Name, 242 00:12:07,129 --> 00:12:09,129 and drank the remainder. 243 00:12:09,129 --> 00:12:12,480 Transmitted by al-Bukhari. 244 00:12:12,480 --> 00:12:16,340 "I would press my liver against the ground," 245 00:12:16,340 --> 00:12:19,340 meaning: I would press my stomach against it [from severe hunger]. 246 00:12:19,340 --> 00:12:20,659 "The bowl" (al-Qadah): 247 00:12:20,659 --> 00:12:23,659 a vessel large enough to quench two men. 248 00:12:23,659 --> 00:12:24,730 "No room for it" (Maslak): 249 00:12:24,730 --> 00:12:27,730 meaning: no passage or place for it to enter. 250 00:12:28,730 --> 00:12:32,909 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 251 00:12:32,909 --> 00:12:35,909 Concealing one's need or alluding to it 252 00:12:35,909 --> 00:12:38,909 is preferable to stating it explicitly and broadcasting it. 253 00:12:38,909 --> 00:12:42,490 The Prophet's (peace be upon him) honor 254 00:12:42,490 --> 00:12:44,490 shown to the poor among his Companions 255 00:12:44,490 --> 00:12:46,490 and his deep care for them. 256 00:12:46,490 --> 00:12:49,899 Affirmation of the miracle of multiplying food 257 00:12:49,899 --> 00:12:52,899 for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 258 00:12:52,899 --> 00:12:55,220 A man inquiring 259 00:12:55,220 --> 00:12:57,220 about what he finds in his house 260 00:12:57,220 --> 00:12:59,220 that is unfamiliar to him, 261 00:12:59,220 --> 00:13:02,220 so that the appropriate ruling may be applied. 262 00:13:02,220 --> 00:13:07,580 The prohibition of receiving zakat for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 263 00:13:07,580 --> 00:13:10,580 and the lawfulness of receiving gifts for him; 264 00:13:10,580 --> 00:13:13,580 this is why he asked about the bowl of milk, 265 00:13:13,580 --> 00:13:17,580 and once informed it was a gift, he accepted it. 266 00:13:17,580 --> 00:13:23,120 The hadith encompasses several etiquettes of eating and drinking, 267 00:13:23,120 --> 00:13:24,120 including: 268 00:13:24,120 --> 00:13:27,120 The Sunnah when drinking is to sit, 269 00:13:27,120 --> 00:13:32,120 and the prohibition of drinking while standing has been established in a number of hadiths. 270 00:13:32,120 --> 00:13:36,440 When the server of a gathering serves a beverage to the people, 271 00:13:36,440 --> 00:13:39,440 he should take the vessel back from each person 272 00:13:39,440 --> 00:13:41,440 and then hand it himself to the next one, 273 00:13:41,440 --> 00:13:44,440 rather than leaving one guest to pass it to his companion, 274 00:13:44,440 --> 00:13:48,440 to avoid any disrespect toward the guest. 275 00:13:48,440 --> 00:13:50,860 The recommendation of offering seconds to the guest, 276 00:13:50,860 --> 00:13:53,860 encouraging them to have more food or drink. 277 00:13:53,860 --> 00:13:57,370 The permissibility of eating and drinking until full, 278 00:13:57,370 --> 00:13:59,370 provided there is no extravagance, 279 00:13:59,370 --> 00:14:02,370 and provided this is not a person's habitual practice, 280 00:14:02,370 --> 00:14:05,370 because moderation is always superior. 281 00:14:05,370 --> 00:14:09,879 Giving precedence to guests, family, and servants over oneself 282 00:14:09,879 --> 00:14:13,879 is among the noble traits of character and the hallmarks of the righteous. 283 00:14:13,879 --> 00:14:18,230 The server of the people should be the last of them to drink. 284 00:14:18,230 --> 00:14:21,679 The recommendation of drinking the remainder, 285 00:14:21,679 --> 00:14:23,679 which is whatever is left in the vessel. 286 00:14:23,679 --> 00:14:28,259 One should pronounce the Name of Allah (Tasmiyah) at the beginning of eating and drinking, 287 00:14:28,259 --> 00:14:31,259 and praise Allah (Tahmid) at the end. 288 00:14:31,259 --> 00:14:35,669 When an invited person arrives at the host's house and residence, 289 00:14:35,669 --> 00:14:37,669 he should not enter without seeking permission; 290 00:14:37,669 --> 00:14:40,669 for this reason, the people of the Suffah sought permission 291 00:14:40,669 --> 00:14:44,669 when they arrived at the houses of the Prophet (peace be upon him). 292 00:14:44,669 --> 00:14:50,059 It is recommended for the guest to sit in the designated place, 293 00:14:50,059 --> 00:14:54,059 with each person taking a seat appropriate to them. 294 00:14:54,059 --> 00:14:57,500 The permissibility of calling someone by their kunyah (teknonym) 295 00:14:57,500 --> 00:15:03,500 and shortening a name affectionately (tarkhim), as it fosters endearment and gladdens hearts. 296 00:15:04,269 --> 00:15:08,269 Riyad al-Salihin.