WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 *Riyad al-Salihin* (The Meadows of the Righteous) from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:15.339 Chapter: The Virtue of Hunger, Living a Rigorous Life, 00:00:15.339 --> 00:00:20.339 Restricting Oneself to Little Food, Drink, and Clothing, 00:00:20.339 --> 00:00:25.339 And Renouncing Other Desires and Pleasures of the Self. 00:00:25.339 --> 00:00:30.390 On the authority of Khalid ibn 'Umayr al-'Adawi, who said: 00:00:30.390 --> 00:00:35.390 'Utbah ibn Ghazwan, who was the governor of Basra, delivered a sermon to us. 00:00:35.390 --> 00:00:39.390 He praised and extolled Allah, then said: 00:00:39.390 --> 00:00:43.390 "To proceed: Verily, this world has announced its departure 00:00:43.390 --> 00:00:46.390 and turned away swiftly, 00:00:46.390 --> 00:00:50.390 and nothing remains of it except a meager remnant like the dregs left in a vessel 00:00:50.390 --> 00:00:53.390 which its owner tries to drain. 00:00:53.390 --> 00:00:58.520 You are surely moving from it to an abode that knows no end, 00:00:58.520 --> 00:01:01.520 so depart with the best of what you have at hand. 00:01:01.520 --> 00:01:07.519 For it has been mentioned to us that a stone thrown from the brink of Hellfire 00:01:07.519 --> 00:01:10.519 falls through it for seventy years 00:01:10.519 --> 00:01:13.519 without reaching its bottom. 00:01:13.519 --> 00:01:17.519 Yet, by Allah, it will surely be filled—does that surprise you? 00:01:17.519 --> 00:01:23.650 And it has been mentioned to us that the distance between two doorposts of the gates of Paradise 00:01:23.650 --> 00:01:26.650 is a journey of forty years, 00:01:26.650 --> 00:01:31.650 yet a day will certainly come upon it when it is packed with throngs of people. 00:01:31.650 --> 00:01:38.709 Indeed, I remember myself as the seventh of seven with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:01:38.709 --> 00:01:42.709 having no food except tree leaves, 00:01:42.709 --> 00:01:45.709 until the sides of our mouths became ulcerated. 00:01:45.709 --> 00:01:51.709 Then I found a cloak and tore it in half between myself and Sa'd ibn Malik; 00:01:51.709 --> 00:01:53.739 I wore half of it as a waist-wrap, 00:01:53.739 --> 00:01:56.739 and Sa'd wore the other half as a waist-wrap. 00:01:56.739 --> 00:01:59.780 Yet today, not one of us remains 00:01:59.780 --> 00:02:03.780 except that he has become a governor over one of the major cities. 00:02:03.780 --> 00:02:08.870 And I seek refuge in Allah from being great in my own eyes, 00:02:08.870 --> 00:02:11.870 yet small in the sight of Allah." 00:02:11.870 --> 00:02:13.969 Related by Muslim. 00:02:13.969 --> 00:02:18.259 His saying *'adhanat'* means it has announced. 00:02:18.259 --> 00:02:20.259 His saying *'bi-sarmin'*— 00:02:20.259 --> 00:02:22.259 his saying *'bi-sarmin'* 00:02:22.259 --> 00:02:25.319 means its severance and passing away. 00:02:25.319 --> 00:02:28.319 His saying *'wallat hadhdha'* 00:02:28.319 --> 00:02:30.479 means it has turned away swiftly. 00:02:30.479 --> 00:02:34.509 And *al-subabah* is the meager remnant left behind. 00:02:34.509 --> 00:02:37.509 His saying *'yatasabbabuha'* 00:02:37.509 --> 00:02:39.509 means he tries to collect it. 00:02:39.509 --> 00:02:43.610 And *al-kaziz* means packed full and crowded. 00:02:43.610 --> 00:02:45.610 His saying *'qarihat'* 00:02:45.610 --> 00:02:49.919 means sores and ulcers formed in them. 00:02:49.919 --> 00:02:50.919 *Shafir Jahannam* 00:02:50.919 --> 00:02:52.919 means its uppermost edge. 00:02:52.919 --> 00:02:56.110 *Fayahwi* means it falls downward. 00:02:56.110 --> 00:02:58.210 *Qa'ran*— 00:02:58.210 --> 00:03:00.210 *al-qa'r* is the very bottom of something. 00:03:00.210 --> 00:03:02.400 *Misra'ayn* 00:03:02.400 --> 00:03:04.400 is the dual form of *misra'*, 00:03:04.400 --> 00:03:06.400 which is one leaf of a two-leaved door. 00:03:06.400 --> 00:03:08.689 *Ashdaquna* 00:03:08.689 --> 00:03:10.689 is the plural of *shidq*, 00:03:10.689 --> 00:03:12.849 which is the inner side of the cheek or corner of the mouth. 00:03:12.849 --> 00:03:13.849 *Burdah* 00:03:13.849 --> 00:03:17.580 refers to a striped woolen cloak. 00:03:17.580 --> 00:03:19.580 Among the beneficial lessons of this hadith: 00:03:19.580 --> 00:03:22.189 The Sunnah regarding the sermon 00:03:22.189 --> 00:03:26.189 is to begin with the praise and glorification of Allah as He deserves, 00:03:26.189 --> 00:03:31.189 followed by invoking blessings upon the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 00:03:31.189 --> 00:03:34.580 The legitimacy of advising one's brothers, 00:03:34.580 --> 00:03:36.580 encouraging them toward good, 00:03:36.580 --> 00:03:39.960 and warning them of the Hereafter. 00:03:39.960 --> 00:03:41.960 The nearness of the Hour 00:03:41.960 --> 00:03:44.960 and the swift passing and vanishing of this worldly life. 00:03:44.960 --> 00:03:48.500 Demonstrating the majesty of Allah Almighty 00:03:48.500 --> 00:03:51.979 through the immense creation of the Fire and Paradise. 00:03:51.979 --> 00:03:53.979 The vast multitude of those entering Paradise 00:03:53.979 --> 00:03:55.979 owing to the all-encompassing mercy of Allah Almighty 00:03:55.979 --> 00:03:57.979 and His abundant grace. 00:03:57.979 --> 00:04:02.500 An illustration of the condition of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:04:02.500 --> 00:04:05.500 and the early Companions who preceded others in Islam, 00:04:05.500 --> 00:04:07.500 regarding the severity of their hardships 00:04:07.500 --> 00:04:10.500 and the austerity of their lives, 00:04:10.500 --> 00:04:14.500 all for the sake of spreading the religion of Allah Almighty among all mankind. 00:04:14.500 --> 00:04:17.529 Thus, when they showed patience and possessed firm conviction, 00:04:17.529 --> 00:04:21.529 they became leaders guiding by Allah's command, 00:04:21.529 --> 00:04:24.529 and the succession and empowerment on earth were fulfilled for them— 00:04:24.529 --> 00:04:27.529 which the Lord of the worlds promised 00:04:27.529 --> 00:04:29.529 to His believing servants. 00:04:29.529 --> 00:04:32.980 The obligation of taking refuge in Allah Almighty 00:04:32.980 --> 00:04:36.980 from the delusions of the self and the embellishments of Satan. 00:04:36.980 --> 00:04:43.509 On the authority of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:04:43.509 --> 00:04:46.509 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, brought out to us 00:04:46.509 --> 00:04:49.509 a thick woolen garment and a coarse lower wrap, 00:04:49.509 --> 00:04:51.509 and said: 00:04:51.509 --> 00:04:54.509 "The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was taken in death 00:04:54.509 --> 00:04:56.610 while wearing these two." 00:04:56.610 --> 00:04:58.610 Agreed upon. 00:04:58.610 --> 00:05:02.439 *Kisa'* means a garment, 00:05:02.439 --> 00:05:06.660 and *izar* means the garment that covers the body 00:05:06.660 --> 00:05:09.889 from the navel downward. 00:05:09.889 --> 00:05:12.889 *Ghaliz* means coarse and thick. 00:05:12.889 --> 00:05:16.910 Among the beneficial lessons of this hadith: 00:05:16.910 --> 00:05:19.910 Encouragement toward living a rugged life 00:05:19.910 --> 00:05:21.910 and wearing coarse garments, 00:05:21.910 --> 00:05:23.910 in accordance with the principle: 00:05:23.910 --> 00:05:28.490 "Accustom yourselves to a rugged life, for blessings do not last forever." 00:05:28.490 --> 00:05:31.939 The permissibility of wearing a *kisa'* and an *izar*. 00:05:31.939 --> 00:05:35.939 The asceticism of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:05:35.939 --> 00:05:37.939 as well as his humility and contentment; 00:05:37.939 --> 00:05:40.939 for he used to wear whatever was readily available, 00:05:40.939 --> 00:05:45.250 without extravagance or pride. 00:05:45.250 --> 00:05:49.250 On the authority of Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:05:49.250 --> 00:05:54.250 "I was the first of the Arabs to shoot an arrow in the cause of Allah. 00:05:54.250 --> 00:05:59.279 We used to go on military expeditions with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:05:59.279 --> 00:06:03.279 having no food except the leaves of the *hublah* tree 00:06:03.279 --> 00:06:05.339 and this *samur* (acacia), 00:06:05.339 --> 00:06:09.339 to the extent that one of us would pass stool just as a sheep does, 00:06:09.339 --> 00:06:11.339 without it sticking together." 00:06:11.339 --> 00:06:13.439 Agreed upon. 00:06:13.439 --> 00:06:15.730 *Al-hublah* and *al-samur* 00:06:15.730 --> 00:06:19.730 are two well-known types of desert trees. 00:06:19.730 --> 00:06:24.560 "Would pass stool" is a polite euphemism for defecation, 00:06:24.560 --> 00:06:26.720 "just as a sheep does" 00:06:26.720 --> 00:06:28.720 referring to droppings, 00:06:28.720 --> 00:06:29.939 *khalat*— 00:06:29.939 --> 00:06:32.939 meaning they did not clump together 00:06:32.939 --> 00:06:34.939 due to extreme dryness. 00:06:34.939 --> 00:06:38.649 Among the beneficial lessons of this hadith: 00:06:38.649 --> 00:06:41.939 The permissibility of speaking about the favors of Allah Almighty 00:06:41.939 --> 00:06:43.939 and mentioning acts of obedience, 00:06:44.939 --> 00:06:49.420 provided this does not lead to conceit or ostentation. 00:06:49.420 --> 00:06:51.420 The striving Ummah 00:06:51.420 --> 00:06:54.420 does not indulge excessively in food and drink, 00:06:54.420 --> 00:06:58.420 nor does it immerse itself in worldly luxuries and pleasures, 00:06:58.420 --> 00:07:02.420 because of the lethargy and weakness that result from such indulgence; 00:07:02.420 --> 00:07:05.420 rather, it contents itself with little 00:07:05.420 --> 00:07:07.420 in order to reach its destination and rightful standing, 00:07:07.420 --> 00:07:09.420 and to spread its faith. 00:07:09.420 --> 00:07:12.829 The patience of the Companions in enduring the hardships of life 00:07:12.829 --> 00:07:14.829 and the coarseness of food, 00:07:14.829 --> 00:07:17.829 for the sake of raising the banner of faith 00:07:17.829 --> 00:07:22.269 and spreading the message of Islam. 00:07:22.269 --> 00:07:25.269 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:07:25.269 --> 00:07:29.269 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:07:29.269 --> 00:07:34.339 "O Allah, make the provision of the family of Muhammad sufficient for basic sustenance." 00:07:34.339 --> 00:07:36.529 Agreed upon. 00:07:36.529 --> 00:07:39.819 The scholars of language and rare hadith vocabulary stated: 00:07:39.819 --> 00:07:41.819 The meaning of *qutan* (basic sustenance) 00:07:41.819 --> 00:07:45.060 is that which merely sustains life and keeps one going. 00:07:45.060 --> 00:07:47.060 Among the beneficial lessons of this hadith: 00:07:47.060 --> 00:07:50.290 Asceticism is contentment with whatever Allah has apportioned, 00:07:50.290 --> 00:07:54.290 being satisfied with the little that strengthens your back, 00:07:54.290 --> 00:07:56.290 gets you safely to your destination, 00:07:56.290 --> 00:07:59.290 and spares you from need and begging. 00:07:59.290 --> 00:08:05.740 Moderation of condition brings safety from the pitfalls of both wealth and poverty. 00:08:05.740 --> 00:08:09.379 It is not permissible to ask Allah for poverty, 00:08:09.379 --> 00:08:13.379 for the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, sought refuge from it; 00:08:13.379 --> 00:08:16.379 rather, he asked Allah for sufficiency. 00:08:16.379 --> 00:08:19.819 This does not contradict the permissibility of wealth, 00:08:19.819 --> 00:08:21.819 provided it is earned lawfully 00:08:21.819 --> 00:08:24.819 and Allah's due right regarding it is fulfilled; 00:08:24.819 --> 00:08:28.819 for indeed, among the Companions were grateful wealthy individuals. 00:08:28.819 --> 00:08:34.230 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:08:34.230 --> 00:08:38.259 "By Allah, besides Whom there is no deity worthy of worship, 00:08:38.259 --> 00:08:42.259 I used to press my liver against the ground out of hunger, 00:08:42.259 --> 00:08:46.259 and I used to bind a stone against my belly out of hunger. 00:08:46.259 --> 00:08:51.330 One day, I sat along their path from which they used to emerge, 00:08:51.330 --> 00:08:55.330 and the Prophet, peace be upon him, passed by me. 00:08:55.330 --> 00:08:57.330 He smiled when he saw me, 00:08:57.330 --> 00:09:01.330 recognizing what was on my face and what was in my heart. 00:09:01.330 --> 00:09:04.330 Then he said: 'O Aba Hirr!' 00:09:04.330 --> 00:09:08.330 I replied: 'At your service, O Messenger of Allah!' 00:09:08.330 --> 00:09:10.330 He said: 'Come along!' 00:09:10.330 --> 00:09:12.330 'Come along!' 00:09:12.330 --> 00:09:13.330 and he walked on, 00:09:13.330 --> 00:09:15.330 so I followed him. 00:09:15.330 --> 00:09:17.330 He entered his house, so I asked permission to enter, 00:09:17.330 --> 00:09:18.330 and he granted me permission, 00:09:18.330 --> 00:09:20.330 so I entered. 00:09:20.330 --> 00:09:22.330 He found milk in a bowl 00:09:22.330 --> 00:09:26.330 and asked: 'From where did this milk come?' 00:09:26.330 --> 00:09:30.330 They said: 'It was gifted to you by so-and-so (man or woman).' 00:09:30.330 --> 00:09:33.360 He said: 'O Aba Hirr!' 00:09:33.360 --> 00:09:37.389 I replied: 'At your service, O Messenger of Allah!' 00:09:37.389 --> 00:09:38.389 He said: 00:09:38.389 --> 00:09:42.460 'Go to the people of the Suffah and invite them to me.' 00:09:42.460 --> 00:09:43.460 He said: 00:09:43.460 --> 00:09:46.460 'The people of the Suffah were the guests of Islam; 00:09:46.460 --> 00:09:51.460 they had no families, wealth, or anyone to rely upon. 00:09:51.460 --> 00:09:54.460 Whenever charity was brought to him, 00:09:54.460 --> 00:09:56.460 he would send it to them 00:09:56.460 --> 00:09:59.460 and take nothing from it; 00:09:59.460 --> 00:10:01.460 and whenever a gift was brought to him, 00:10:01.460 --> 00:10:03.460 he would send for them, 00:10:03.460 --> 00:10:06.519 partake of it himself, and share it with them.' 00:10:06.519 --> 00:10:08.519 That distressed me, 00:10:08.519 --> 00:10:09.519 and I said to myself: 00:10:09.519 --> 00:10:12.519 'What is this milk among all the people of the Suffah? 00:10:12.519 --> 00:10:18.519 I was more deserving of having a drink from this milk to gain some strength! 00:10:18.519 --> 00:10:21.519 Yet when they arrive, he will command me 00:10:21.519 --> 00:10:23.519 to be the one serving them, 00:10:23.519 --> 00:10:27.519 and what chance is there that any of this milk will reach me?' 00:10:27.519 --> 00:10:34.679 But there was no alternative to obeying Allah and obeying His Messenger, peace be upon him. 00:10:34.679 --> 00:10:37.679 So I went to them and invited them; 00:10:37.679 --> 00:10:39.679 they came, asked for permission to enter, 00:10:39.679 --> 00:10:41.679 and he granted them permission, 00:10:41.679 --> 00:10:44.779 and took their seats in the house. 00:10:44.779 --> 00:10:45.779 He said, 00:10:45.779 --> 00:10:47.779 "O Abu Hirr!" 00:10:47.779 --> 00:10:48.779 I replied, 00:10:48.779 --> 00:10:51.809 "At your service, O Messenger of Allah!" 00:10:51.809 --> 00:10:52.809 He said, 00:10:52.809 --> 00:10:54.840 "Take it and hand it to them." 00:10:54.840 --> 00:10:55.840 He [Abu Hurayrah] said: 00:10:55.840 --> 00:10:57.840 So I took the bowl 00:10:57.840 --> 00:10:59.840 and began handing it to each man, 00:10:59.840 --> 00:11:02.840 who would drink until fully quenched, 00:11:02.840 --> 00:11:04.840 then hand the bowl back to me. 00:11:04.840 --> 00:11:06.840 I would then hand it to the next, 00:11:06.840 --> 00:11:08.840 and he would drink until fully quenched, 00:11:08.840 --> 00:11:11.840 then hand the bowl back to me, 00:11:11.840 --> 00:11:15.840 until I reached the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:11:15.840 --> 00:11:18.840 and all the people had drunk their fill. 00:11:18.840 --> 00:11:20.840 He then took the bowl 00:11:20.840 --> 00:11:22.840 and placed it on his hand, 00:11:22.840 --> 00:11:25.840 looked at me, smiled, 00:11:25.840 --> 00:11:27.840 and said, 00:11:27.840 --> 00:11:28.840 "Abu Hirr!" 00:11:28.840 --> 00:11:29.940 I replied, 00:11:29.940 --> 00:11:32.970 "At your service, O Messenger of Allah!" 00:11:32.970 --> 00:11:33.970 He said, 00:11:33.970 --> 00:11:35.970 "Only you and I are left." 00:11:35.970 --> 00:11:36.970 I said, 00:11:36.970 --> 00:11:39.970 "You have spoken the truth, O Messenger of Allah." 00:11:39.970 --> 00:11:41.029 He said, 00:11:41.029 --> 00:11:43.029 "Sit down and drink." 00:11:43.029 --> 00:11:45.029 So I sat down and drank. 00:11:45.029 --> 00:11:47.029 He kept saying, 00:11:47.029 --> 00:11:48.029 "Drink," 00:11:48.029 --> 00:11:49.029 and I drank, 00:11:49.029 --> 00:11:51.029 and he continued to say, 00:11:51.029 --> 00:11:52.029 "Drink," 00:11:52.029 --> 00:11:54.029 until I said, 00:11:54.029 --> 00:11:57.029 "No, by the One Who sent you with the truth, 00:11:57.029 --> 00:11:59.029 I find no further room for it!" 00:11:59.029 --> 00:12:00.029 He said, 00:12:00.029 --> 00:12:02.129 "Then show it to me." 00:12:02.129 --> 00:12:04.129 So I gave him the bowl; 00:12:04.129 --> 00:12:07.129 he praised Allah Almighty, pronounced His Name, 00:12:07.129 --> 00:12:09.129 and drank the remainder. 00:12:09.129 --> 00:12:12.480 Transmitted by al-Bukhari. 00:12:12.480 --> 00:12:16.340 "I would press my liver against the ground," 00:12:16.340 --> 00:12:19.340 meaning: I would press my stomach against it [from severe hunger]. 00:12:19.340 --> 00:12:20.659 "The bowl" (al-Qadah): 00:12:20.659 --> 00:12:23.659 a vessel large enough to quench two men. 00:12:23.659 --> 00:12:24.730 "No room for it" (Maslak): 00:12:24.730 --> 00:12:27.730 meaning: no passage or place for it to enter. 00:12:28.730 --> 00:12:32.909 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 00:12:32.909 --> 00:12:35.909 Concealing one's need or alluding to it 00:12:35.909 --> 00:12:38.909 is preferable to stating it explicitly and broadcasting it. 00:12:38.909 --> 00:12:42.490 The Prophet's (peace be upon him) honor 00:12:42.490 --> 00:12:44.490 shown to the poor among his Companions 00:12:44.490 --> 00:12:46.490 and his deep care for them. 00:12:46.490 --> 00:12:49.899 Affirmation of the miracle of multiplying food 00:12:49.899 --> 00:12:52.899 for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:12:52.899 --> 00:12:55.220 A man inquiring 00:12:55.220 --> 00:12:57.220 about what he finds in his house 00:12:57.220 --> 00:12:59.220 that is unfamiliar to him, 00:12:59.220 --> 00:13:02.220 so that the appropriate ruling may be applied. 00:13:02.220 --> 00:13:07.580 The prohibition of receiving zakat for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:13:07.580 --> 00:13:10.580 and the lawfulness of receiving gifts for him; 00:13:10.580 --> 00:13:13.580 this is why he asked about the bowl of milk, 00:13:13.580 --> 00:13:17.580 and once informed it was a gift, he accepted it. 00:13:17.580 --> 00:13:23.120 The hadith encompasses several etiquettes of eating and drinking, 00:13:23.120 --> 00:13:24.120 including: 00:13:24.120 --> 00:13:27.120 The Sunnah when drinking is to sit, 00:13:27.120 --> 00:13:32.120 and the prohibition of drinking while standing has been established in a number of hadiths. 00:13:32.120 --> 00:13:36.440 When the server of a gathering serves a beverage to the people, 00:13:36.440 --> 00:13:39.440 he should take the vessel back from each person 00:13:39.440 --> 00:13:41.440 and then hand it himself to the next one, 00:13:41.440 --> 00:13:44.440 rather than leaving one guest to pass it to his companion, 00:13:44.440 --> 00:13:48.440 to avoid any disrespect toward the guest. 00:13:48.440 --> 00:13:50.860 The recommendation of offering seconds to the guest, 00:13:50.860 --> 00:13:53.860 encouraging them to have more food or drink. 00:13:53.860 --> 00:13:57.370 The permissibility of eating and drinking until full, 00:13:57.370 --> 00:13:59.370 provided there is no extravagance, 00:13:59.370 --> 00:14:02.370 and provided this is not a person's habitual practice, 00:14:02.370 --> 00:14:05.370 because moderation is always superior. 00:14:05.370 --> 00:14:09.879 Giving precedence to guests, family, and servants over oneself 00:14:09.879 --> 00:14:13.879 is among the noble traits of character and the hallmarks of the righteous. 00:14:13.879 --> 00:14:18.230 The server of the people should be the last of them to drink. 00:14:18.230 --> 00:14:21.679 The recommendation of drinking the remainder, 00:14:21.679 --> 00:14:23.679 which is whatever is left in the vessel. 00:14:23.679 --> 00:14:28.259 One should pronounce the Name of Allah (Tasmiyah) at the beginning of eating and drinking, 00:14:28.259 --> 00:14:31.259 and praise Allah (Tahmid) at the end. 00:14:31.259 --> 00:14:35.669 When an invited person arrives at the host's house and residence, 00:14:35.669 --> 00:14:37.669 he should not enter without seeking permission; 00:14:37.669 --> 00:14:40.669 for this reason, the people of the Suffah sought permission 00:14:40.669 --> 00:14:44.669 when they arrived at the houses of the Prophet (peace be upon him). 00:14:44.669 --> 00:14:50.059 It is recommended for the guest to sit in the designated place, 00:14:50.059 --> 00:14:54.059 with each person taking a seat appropriate to them. 00:14:54.059 --> 00:14:57.500 The permissibility of calling someone by their kunyah (teknonym) 00:14:57.500 --> 00:15:03.500 and shortening a name affectionately (tarkhim), as it fosters endearment and gladdens hearts. 00:15:04.269 --> 00:15:08.269 Riyad al-Salihin.