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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.

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The intended meaning of "judgment" (hukm).

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The judgment of Allah is of three types.

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First: the universal, existential judgment (al-hukm al-qadari).

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The servant is obligated to accept it and be patient with it.

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This refers to the divine decree and predestination (al-qada' wa al-qadar).

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Second: the legislative judgment (al-hukm al-shar'i).

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The servant is obligated to comply with it.

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The entire religion, with all its legislations, falls under this category.

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The Noble Qur'an has indicated in several verses

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that Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, is exclusively characterized

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by these two types of judgment.

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Regarding the existential judgment,

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which is the divine decree and predestination,

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Ya'qub (peace be upon him) said:

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“And he said: O my sons! Go not in by one gate; go in by different gates. I can naught avail you as against Allah. Lo! the decision rests with Allah only. In Him do I put my trust, and in Him let all the trusting put their trust.” (12:67)

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"Judgment belongs to none but Allah."

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“And he said: O my sons! Go not in by one gate; go in by different gates. I can naught avail you as against Allah. Lo! the decision rests with Allah only. In Him do I put my trust, and in Him let all the trusting put their trust.” (12:67)

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And regarding the legislative judgment,

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Yusuf (peace be upon him) said:

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“Those whom ye worship beside Him are but names which ye have named, ye and your fathers. Allah hath revealed no sanction for them. The decision rests with Allah only, Who hath commanded you that ye worship none save Him. This is the right religion, but most men know not.” (12:40)

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"That is the upright religion."

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"But most of the people do not know."

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And the Almighty said:

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“Shall I seek other than Allah for judge, when He it is Who hath revealed unto you (this) Scripture, fully explained? Those unto whom We gave the Scripture (aforetime) know that it is revealed from thy Lord in truth. So be not thou (O Muhammad) of the waverers.” (6:114)

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And He said:

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“Lo! We did reveal the Torah, wherein is guidance and a light, by which the prophets who surrendered (unto Allah) judged the Jews, and the rabbis and the priests (judged) by such of Allah's Scripture as they were bidden to observe, and thereunto were they witnesses. So fear not mankind, but fear Me. And My revelations for a little gain. Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed: such are disbelievers.” (5:44)

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Third:

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The retributive judgment in the Hereafter.

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This belongs to Allah alone.

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The Almighty said:

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"Master of the Day of Judgment."

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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.