WEBVTT 00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:16.280 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. The Ifadah Center for Humanities Studies and Research presents the Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari. 00:00:16.280 --> 00:00:19.370 The Book of Zakat 00:00:19.370 --> 00:00:23.679 The Book of Zakat is mentioned after the Book of Prayer 00:00:23.679 --> 00:00:27.000 Because zakat is the third pillar of faith 00:00:27.000 --> 00:00:30.480 And follows prayer in the Qur'an and the Sunnah 00:00:30.480 --> 00:00:34.789 Chapter: The Obligation of Zakat 00:00:35.920 --> 00:00:39.479 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both), who said: 00:00:39.479 --> 00:00:42.439 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said 00:00:42.439 --> 00:00:46.549 To Mu'adh Ibn Jabal when he sent him to Yemen: 00:00:46.549 --> 00:00:50.189 "You are going to a people who are People of the Scripture. 00:00:50.189 --> 00:00:51.909 When you arrive among them, 00:00:51.909 --> 00:00:53.829 Invite them to testify 00:00:53.829 --> 00:00:56.350 That there is no god but Allah 00:00:56.350 --> 00:00:59.369 And that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. 00:00:59.369 --> 00:01:02.390 If they obey you in that, 00:01:02.390 --> 00:01:03.950 In one narration: 00:01:03.990 --> 00:01:08.109 'Let the first thing you invite them to be the worship of Allah.' 00:01:08.109 --> 00:01:10.329 Once they have come to know Allah, 00:01:10.329 --> 00:01:12.079 And in another narration: 00:01:12.079 --> 00:01:17.650 'Let the first thing you invite them to be the unification of Allah the Exalted.' 00:01:17.650 --> 00:01:20.650 Then inform them that Allah has obligated upon them 00:01:20.650 --> 00:01:24.849 Five prayers every day and night. 00:01:24.849 --> 00:01:27.689 If they obey you in that, 00:01:27.689 --> 00:01:32.140 Then inform them that Allah has obligated upon them a charity (sadaqah) 00:01:32.140 --> 00:01:33.579 In one narration: 00:01:33.579 --> 00:01:34.980 Zakat 00:01:34.980 --> 00:01:36.859 To be taken from their wealthy 00:01:36.859 --> 00:01:39.819 And returned to their poor. 00:01:39.819 --> 00:01:42.659 If they obey you in that, 00:01:42.659 --> 00:01:46.189 Beware of taking the best of their wealth. 00:01:46.189 --> 00:01:47.629 In one narration: 00:01:47.629 --> 00:01:50.500 'Take from them, and beware,' 00:01:50.500 --> 00:01:53.180 And fear the supplication of the oppressed, 00:01:53.180 --> 00:01:58.170 For there is no veil between it and Allah." 00:01:58.170 --> 00:02:01.390 Commentary on the hadith: 00:02:01.390 --> 00:02:03.870 "If they obey you in that" 00:02:03.909 --> 00:02:06.819 Meaning, by embracing the two testimonies of faith. 00:02:06.819 --> 00:02:08.580 "Has obligated upon them" 00:02:08.580 --> 00:02:10.969 Meaning, a binding obligation. 00:02:10.969 --> 00:02:12.169 "Charity" 00:02:12.169 --> 00:02:14.699 Meaning, the obligatory zakat. 00:02:14.699 --> 00:02:15.860 "Beware" 00:02:15.860 --> 00:02:18.060 Meaning, be cautious and avoid. 00:02:18.060 --> 00:02:20.139 "The best of their wealth" 00:02:20.139 --> 00:02:22.379 Meaning, the precious part of their wealth. 00:02:22.379 --> 00:02:23.500 It has also been said: 00:02:23.500 --> 00:02:27.680 That which the owner reserves for himself and prefers. 00:02:27.680 --> 00:02:30.759 "There is no veil between it and Allah" 00:02:30.960 --> 00:02:33.919 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:02:33.919 --> 00:02:37.669 The hadith indicates the acceptance of a report from a single narrator 00:02:37.669 --> 00:02:40.500 And the obligation to act upon it. 00:02:40.500 --> 00:02:45.800 The hadith shows that the most important and primary thing people should be invited to is Tawhid (the oneness of Allah). 00:02:45.800 --> 00:02:51.680 It shows that the deed of anyone who has not realized Tawhid is not accepted. 00:02:51.680 --> 00:02:56.639 The hadith points to the two conditions for the acceptance of righteous deeds: 00:02:56.639 --> 00:02:59.039 Sincerity and following the Sunnah. 00:02:59.240 --> 00:03:01.960 These are the requirements of the two testimonies of faith. 00:03:01.960 --> 00:03:07.430 The hadith confirms that the five prayers are obligatory every day and night. 00:03:07.430 --> 00:03:13.539 Some have used this hadith to argue against the permissibility of transferring zakat away from the land where the wealth is located. 00:03:13.539 --> 00:03:15.340 There is a difference of opinion regarding this. 00:03:15.340 --> 00:03:19.860 The hadith indicates that one of the conditions of zakat is the wealth of the owner. 00:03:19.860 --> 00:03:26.900 It provides evidence that the leader should send collectors to the owners of wealth to gather the charity. 00:03:26.939 --> 00:03:32.870 On the authority of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with him): 00:03:32.870 --> 00:03:34.669 That a man said: 00:03:34.669 --> 00:03:36.389 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:03:36.389 --> 00:03:40.110 Inform me of a deed that will enter me into Paradise." 00:03:40.110 --> 00:03:41.909 The people said: 00:03:41.909 --> 00:03:43.949 "What is wrong with him? What is wrong with him?" 00:03:43.949 --> 00:03:47.780 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:03:47.780 --> 00:03:49.740 "He has a need." 00:03:49.740 --> 00:03:53.340 The Prophet (peace be upon him) then said: 00:03:53.340 --> 00:03:56.860 "Worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him, 00:03:56.900 --> 00:04:00.379 Worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him, 00:04:00.379 --> 00:04:02.099 Establish prayer, 00:04:02.099 --> 00:04:03.780 Give zakat, 00:04:03.780 --> 00:04:05.780 And uphold ties of kinship. 00:04:05.780 --> 00:04:07.409 Let it go." 00:04:07.409 --> 00:04:08.449 He said: 00:04:08.449 --> 00:04:12.060 As if he were on his mount. 00:04:12.060 --> 00:04:15.259 Commentary on the hadith: 00:04:15.259 --> 00:04:17.060 "What is wrong with him?" 00:04:17.060 --> 00:04:18.459 Used for questioning. 00:04:18.459 --> 00:04:20.740 The repetition is for emphasis. 00:04:20.740 --> 00:04:21.819 It is also said: 00:04:21.819 --> 00:04:25.160 The meaning is: "What has happened to him?" 00:04:25.160 --> 00:04:26.639 "He has a need" 00:04:26.639 --> 00:04:29.439 Meaning, he is in need and is asking about his need. 00:04:29.439 --> 00:04:32.410 It is also said: "He is a person with a need." 00:04:32.410 --> 00:04:33.730 "Worship Allah" 00:04:33.730 --> 00:04:35.329 Meaning, affirm His oneness. 00:04:35.329 --> 00:04:37.089 "Uphold ties of kinship" 00:04:37.089 --> 00:04:38.610 Upholding ties of kinship means: 00:04:38.610 --> 00:04:42.129 Sharing in the goodness with one's relatives. 00:04:42.129 --> 00:04:43.290 "Let it go" 00:04:43.290 --> 00:04:45.759 Meaning, leave it and let it be. 00:04:45.759 --> 00:04:48.319 "As if he were on his mount" 00:04:48.319 --> 00:04:53.629 Meaning, as if the Prophet (peace be upon him) was on his mount. 00:04:53.629 --> 00:04:57.230 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:04:57.269 --> 00:05:02.670 The hadith shows the eagerness of the Companions for the beneficial deeds that lead to Paradise. 00:05:02.670 --> 00:05:06.790 It shows that a person in need repeats their request. 00:05:06.790 --> 00:05:10.829 It shows the scholar's responsiveness to the seeker of knowledge and the person in need, 00:05:10.829 --> 00:05:15.220 Even if he is busy. 00:05:15.220 --> 00:05:17.980 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him): 00:05:17.980 --> 00:05:22.339 That a Bedouin came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:05:22.339 --> 00:05:23.779 And said: 00:05:23.779 --> 00:05:28.339 "Guide me to a deed that, if I perform it, I will enter Paradise." 00:05:28.339 --> 00:05:29.379 He said: 00:05:29.379 --> 00:05:32.779 "Worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him, 00:05:32.779 --> 00:05:35.420 Establish the prescribed prayer, 00:05:35.420 --> 00:05:37.939 Pay the obligatory zakat, 00:05:37.939 --> 00:05:40.360 And fast Ramadan." 00:05:40.360 --> 00:05:41.399 He said: 00:05:41.399 --> 00:05:45.800 "By Him in whose hand is my soul, I will not add anything to this." 00:05:45.800 --> 00:05:47.399 When he turned away, 00:05:47.399 --> 00:05:50.680 The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 00:05:50.680 --> 00:05:54.920 "Whoever is pleased to look at a man from the people of Paradise, 00:05:54.920 --> 00:05:58.029 Let him look at this man." 00:05:58.069 --> 00:06:01.300 Commentary on the hadith: 00:06:01.300 --> 00:06:05.300 "A Bedouin" – it is said he was Sa'd Ibn al-Akhram, 00:06:05.300 --> 00:06:07.160 And it is said to be someone else. 00:06:07.160 --> 00:06:10.160 "Guide me" – meaning, direct me. 00:06:10.160 --> 00:06:13.199 "Worship Allah" – meaning, affirm His oneness. 00:06:13.199 --> 00:06:15.480 "I will not add anything to this" 00:06:15.480 --> 00:06:18.560 Meaning, to the obligatory duties mentioned. 00:06:18.560 --> 00:06:20.279 "When he turned away" 00:06:20.279 --> 00:06:23.069 Meaning, he turned his back and departed. 00:06:23.069 --> 00:06:26.740 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:06:26.740 --> 00:06:29.899 The hadith shows that whoever utters the two testimonies of faith, 00:06:29.939 --> 00:06:32.420 Prays, pays zakat, and fasts, 00:06:32.420 --> 00:06:34.220 And performs Hajj if he is able, 00:06:34.220 --> 00:06:36.139 Will enter Paradise. 00:06:36.139 --> 00:06:41.259 It shows the eagerness of the Companions to learn the causes that lead to Paradise. 00:06:41.259 --> 00:06:44.899 It shows that asking is the key to beneficial knowledge. 00:06:44.899 --> 00:06:50.819 The hadith contains glad tidings for the believer who performs the obligatory duties that they will enter Paradise. 00:06:50.819 --> 00:06:56.420 It shows the permissibility of swearing an oath without being asked to do so. 00:06:56.420 --> 00:06:58.860 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, who said: 00:06:58.899 --> 00:07:02.139 When the Prophet (peace be upon him) passed away 00:07:02.139 --> 00:07:04.180 And Abu Bakr was made successor, 00:07:04.180 --> 00:07:06.819 And those who disbelieved among the Arabs disbelieved, 00:07:06.819 --> 00:07:08.180 'Umar said: 00:07:08.180 --> 00:07:09.860 "O Abu Bakr, 00:07:09.860 --> 00:07:11.860 How can you fight the people 00:07:11.860 --> 00:07:15.939 When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:07:15.939 --> 00:07:22.019 'I have been commanded to fight the people until they say: There is no god but Allah. 00:07:22.019 --> 00:07:25.100 Whoever says: There is no god but Allah, 00:07:25.100 --> 00:07:28.300 Has protected his wealth and his life from me, 00:07:28.339 --> 00:07:30.019 Except by its right, 00:07:30.019 --> 00:07:32.629 And his reckoning is with Allah'?" 00:07:32.629 --> 00:07:34.389 Abu Bakr said: 00:07:34.389 --> 00:07:39.230 "By Allah, I will fight those who differentiate between prayer and zakat, 00:07:39.230 --> 00:07:42.149 For zakat is the right of wealth. 00:07:42.149 --> 00:07:49.670 By Allah, if they refused me a young she-goat that they used to pay to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:07:49.670 --> 00:07:51.110 In one narration: 00:07:51.110 --> 00:07:53.550 'If they refused me a hobbling rope,' 00:07:53.550 --> 00:07:56.730 I would fight them for withholding it." 00:07:56.730 --> 00:07:58.209 'Umar said: 00:07:58.209 --> 00:08:04.730 "By Allah, it was nothing but that I saw that Allah had opened the heart of Abu Bakr to fighting, 00:08:04.730 --> 00:08:08.069 So I knew it was the truth." 00:08:08.069 --> 00:08:11.579 Commentary on the hadith: 00:08:11.579 --> 00:08:13.980 "And those who disbelieved among the Arabs disbelieved" 00:08:13.980 --> 00:08:16.339 Meaning, they apostatized from the religion. 00:08:16.339 --> 00:08:17.779 "Has protected" 00:08:17.779 --> 00:08:19.300 Meaning, safeguarded. 00:08:19.300 --> 00:08:20.939 "Except by its right" 00:08:20.939 --> 00:08:23.540 That which Islam has made obligatory. 00:08:23.540 --> 00:08:25.699 "And his reckoning is with Allah" 00:08:25.699 --> 00:08:29.660 Meaning, the matter of his inner state is for Him, Glory be to Him and Exalted. 00:08:29.699 --> 00:08:33.179 As for us, we judge by the outward appearance. 00:08:33.179 --> 00:08:35.940 "Those who differentiate between prayer and zakat" 00:08:35.940 --> 00:08:37.220 Meaning, in terms of obligation, 00:08:37.220 --> 00:08:39.379 And that they are both part of the religion. 00:08:39.379 --> 00:08:40.860 "If they refused me" 00:08:40.860 --> 00:08:42.740 Meaning, if they did not give. 00:08:42.740 --> 00:08:44.139 "A young she-goat" 00:08:44.139 --> 00:08:45.220 The 'anaq 00:08:45.220 --> 00:08:47.980 Is the female of the offspring of goats. 00:08:47.980 --> 00:08:50.779 "Allah had opened the heart of Abu Bakr" 00:08:50.779 --> 00:08:52.860 Meaning, expanded and enlightened it. 00:08:52.860 --> 00:08:56.340 When the correctness of Abu Bakr's opinion was established for him, 00:08:56.340 --> 00:08:58.220 And its rightness became clear to him, 00:08:58.259 --> 00:09:00.659 He followed him in the fighting. 00:09:00.659 --> 00:09:02.100 "Hobbling rope" 00:09:02.100 --> 00:09:03.500 The 'iqal 00:09:03.500 --> 00:09:07.690 Is the rope with which the foreleg of a camel is tied. 00:09:07.690 --> 00:09:11.519 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:09:11.519 --> 00:09:13.519 One learns from the hadith 00:09:13.519 --> 00:09:16.240 The requirement of uttering the two testimonies of faith 00:09:16.240 --> 00:09:18.559 To enter Islam. 00:09:18.559 --> 00:09:21.039 It shows that judgment is based on the outward appearance. 00:09:21.039 --> 00:09:25.350 Whoever manifests Islam and performs the pillars, one refrains from harming him. 00:09:25.350 --> 00:09:28.629 It shows that if something is issued from a Muslim 00:09:28.669 --> 00:09:31.870 That requires the ruling of Islam to hold him accountable, 00:09:31.870 --> 00:09:33.870 Such as retribution (qisas) or a prescribed punishment (hadd), 00:09:33.870 --> 00:09:36.789 Or compensation for damaged property or the like, 00:09:36.789 --> 00:09:38.529 He is held accountable for it. 00:09:38.529 --> 00:09:42.049 The hadith clarifies the virtue of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) 00:09:42.049 --> 00:09:43.960 And the sharpness of his understanding. 00:09:43.960 --> 00:09:47.519 The hadith indicates the legitimacy of analogy (qiyas). 00:09:47.519 --> 00:09:51.000 It shows the permissibility of swearing an oath without being asked to do so. 00:09:51.000 --> 00:09:55.200 It contains an exhortation for the scholars to exercise ijtihad regarding emerging issues. 00:09:55.200 --> 00:09:58.279 It contains the legitimacy of debating with people of knowledge. 00:09:58.279 --> 00:10:04.980 And the necessity of returning to the opinion of one's peer if it is the truth. 00:10:04.980 --> 00:10:08.299 Chapter: The Sin of Withholding Zakat. 00:10:08.299 --> 00:10:11.700 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:10:11.700 --> 00:10:15.129 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:10:15.129 --> 00:10:19.409 "The camels will come to their owner in the best state they ever were, 00:10:19.409 --> 00:10:22.610 if he did not pay their due right, 00:10:22.610 --> 00:10:25.340 trampling him with their hooves. 00:10:25.340 --> 00:10:29.860 And the sheep will come to their owner in the best state they ever were, 00:10:29.860 --> 00:10:32.779 if he did not pay their due right, 00:10:32.779 --> 00:10:34.860 trampling him with their hooves, 00:10:34.860 --> 00:10:37.940 and goring him with their horns." 00:10:37.940 --> 00:10:39.419 In one narration: 00:10:39.419 --> 00:10:42.779 "If the owner of the livestock does not pay their due right, 00:10:42.779 --> 00:10:45.539 they will be set upon him on the Day of Resurrection, 00:10:45.539 --> 00:10:49.179 and they will trample his face with their hooves." 00:10:49.179 --> 00:10:50.580 And he said: 00:10:50.580 --> 00:10:54.059 "And part of their right is that they be milked at the water source." 00:10:54.059 --> 00:10:55.299 He said: 00:10:55.299 --> 00:10:56.779 In one narration: 00:10:56.779 --> 00:11:00.419 The Prophet (peace be upon him) stood among us, 00:11:00.419 --> 00:11:02.059 and mentioned the misappropriation of war booty (ghulul), 00:11:02.059 --> 00:11:05.129 emphasizing its gravity and the seriousness of the matter. 00:11:05.129 --> 00:11:08.450 "Let not one of you come on the Day of Resurrection with a sheep, 00:11:08.450 --> 00:11:12.460 carrying it on his neck, while it bleats." 00:11:12.460 --> 00:11:13.820 In one narration: 00:11:13.820 --> 00:11:15.210 "A loud bleating." 00:11:15.210 --> 00:11:16.490 It will say: 00:11:16.490 --> 00:11:18.210 "O Muhammad!" 00:11:18.210 --> 00:11:19.490 And I will say: 00:11:19.490 --> 00:11:21.889 "I possess nothing for you; 00:11:21.889 --> 00:11:23.769 I have already conveyed the message." 00:11:23.769 --> 00:11:25.210 In one narration: 00:11:25.210 --> 00:11:28.649 "Carrying on his neck a horse that neighs." 00:11:28.649 --> 00:11:29.929 It says: 00:11:29.929 --> 00:11:32.649 "O Messenger of Allah, help me!" 00:11:32.649 --> 00:11:33.970 And I will say: 00:11:33.970 --> 00:11:36.370 "I possess nothing for you; 00:11:36.370 --> 00:11:38.549 I have already conveyed the message to you." 00:11:38.549 --> 00:11:43.750 "And let not one come with a camel carrying it on his neck, while it bellows." 00:11:43.750 --> 00:11:45.029 It will say: 00:11:45.029 --> 00:11:46.669 "O Muhammad!" 00:11:46.669 --> 00:11:47.990 And I will say: 00:11:47.990 --> 00:11:51.149 "I possess nothing for you from Allah; 00:11:51.149 --> 00:11:53.200 I have already conveyed the message." 00:11:53.200 --> 00:11:54.799 In one narration: 00:11:54.799 --> 00:11:58.200 "Or on his neck are fluttering garments." 00:11:58.200 --> 00:11:59.600 It will say: 00:11:59.600 --> 00:12:02.279 "O Messenger of Allah, help me!" 00:12:02.279 --> 00:12:03.679 And I will say: 00:12:03.679 --> 00:12:06.120 "I possess nothing for you; 00:12:06.120 --> 00:12:08.710 I have already conveyed the message to you." 00:12:08.710 --> 00:12:12.230 Commentary on the hadith: 00:12:12.230 --> 00:12:14.230 "In the best state they ever were": 00:12:14.230 --> 00:12:16.590 Meaning in terms of strength and fatness. 00:12:16.590 --> 00:12:17.830 "Their right": 00:12:17.830 --> 00:12:19.750 Meaning their zakat. 00:12:19.750 --> 00:12:22.029 "Trampling him with their hooves": 00:12:22.029 --> 00:12:24.870 Meaning treading upon him with their feet. 00:12:24.870 --> 00:12:27.110 "Trampling him with their hooves": 00:12:27.110 --> 00:12:28.549 Meaning treading upon him. 00:12:28.549 --> 00:12:30.190 The hoof (zalf) is for sheep, 00:12:30.230 --> 00:12:31.909 just as the hoof (khuff) is for camels, 00:12:31.909 --> 00:12:34.299 and the foot is for humans. 00:12:34.299 --> 00:12:37.259 "Part of their right is that they be milked at the water source": 00:12:37.259 --> 00:12:38.539 It was the custom of the Arabs 00:12:38.539 --> 00:12:43.169 to give some milk in charity when the livestock arrived at the water. 00:12:43.169 --> 00:12:44.649 "Bleating": 00:12:44.649 --> 00:12:46.250 Meaning the sound of the sheep. 00:12:46.250 --> 00:12:49.169 It is said to be the intense sound of the sheep. 00:12:49.169 --> 00:12:50.610 "O Muhammad": 00:12:50.610 --> 00:12:52.490 Meaning, help me. 00:12:52.490 --> 00:12:54.289 "I possess nothing for you": 00:12:54.289 --> 00:12:55.809 "I have already conveyed the message": 00:12:55.809 --> 00:12:58.330 Meaning, I cannot lighten your burden. 00:12:58.330 --> 00:13:02.120 And I have already conveyed to you the command of Allah the Exalted. 00:13:02.120 --> 00:13:03.360 "Bellowing": 00:13:03.360 --> 00:13:06.830 Bellowing is the sound of the camel. 00:13:06.830 --> 00:13:10.529 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:13:10.529 --> 00:13:16.110 The hadith indicates the obligation of zakat on camels, cows, and sheep. 00:13:16.110 --> 00:13:18.429 Some have used this hadith as evidence 00:13:18.429 --> 00:13:24.549 that there is a right for the poor and the wayfarer in the milk of livestock and the fruits of trees. 00:13:24.549 --> 00:13:27.419 And this right is separate from zakat. 00:13:27.460 --> 00:13:30.700 The hadith shows that the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:13:30.700 --> 00:13:34.940 warned his Ummah against withholding zakat and the punishment for doing so. 00:13:34.940 --> 00:13:38.299 There is no excuse for the one who withholds it on the Day of Resurrection. 00:13:38.299 --> 00:13:43.980 It also shows that the recompense is of the same nature as the deed. 00:13:43.980 --> 00:13:47.580 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:13:47.580 --> 00:13:51.340 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:13:51.340 --> 00:13:55.820 "Whoever Allah has given wealth and he does not pay its zakat, 00:13:55.820 --> 00:13:58.620 his wealth will be represented to him on the Day of Resurrection 00:13:58.620 --> 00:14:02.100 as a bald-headed poisonous snake with two black spots above its eyes, 00:14:02.100 --> 00:14:05.299 which will encircle him on the Day of Resurrection." 00:14:05.299 --> 00:14:09.519 In one narration, its owner will flee from it. 00:14:09.519 --> 00:14:11.919 "Then it will seize him by his jawbones," 00:14:11.919 --> 00:14:13.960 meaning his cheeks. 00:14:13.960 --> 00:14:19.179 "Then it will say: 'I am your wealth, I am your treasure.'" 00:14:19.179 --> 00:14:21.860 In one narration, he said: 00:14:21.860 --> 00:14:24.500 "By Allah, it will continue to pursue him, 00:14:24.500 --> 00:14:28.500 until he stretches out his hand and it bites his fingers." 00:14:28.500 --> 00:14:33.779 Then he recited: ﴾And let not those who covetously withhold...﴿ 00:14:33.779 --> 00:14:36.120 The verse. 00:14:36.120 --> 00:14:39.629 Commentary on the hadith: 00:14:39.629 --> 00:14:42.070 "Whoever Allah has given wealth": 00:14:42.070 --> 00:14:45.059 Meaning from that upon which zakat is obligatory. 00:14:45.059 --> 00:14:46.860 "His wealth will be represented to him": 00:14:46.860 --> 00:14:50.980 Meaning his wealth, for which he did not pay zakat, will be given a form. 00:14:50.980 --> 00:14:52.460 "A poisonous snake": 00:14:52.460 --> 00:14:54.960 The intended meaning is a snake. 00:14:55.000 --> 00:14:56.960 "With two black spots": 00:14:56.960 --> 00:15:00.480 Meaning the two black dots above its eyes. 00:15:00.480 --> 00:15:02.639 Others have said something else. 00:15:02.639 --> 00:15:04.120 "It will encircle him": 00:15:04.120 --> 00:15:07.019 Meaning it will form a collar around his neck. 00:15:07.019 --> 00:15:09.860 "By his jawbones," meaning his cheeks, 00:15:09.860 --> 00:15:12.220 meaning the sides of the mouth. 00:15:12.220 --> 00:15:15.539 “And let not those who hoard up that which Allah hath bestowed upon them of His bounty think that it is better for them. Nay, it is worse for them. That which they hoard will be their collar on the Day of Resurrection. Allah's is the heritage of the heavens and the earth, and Allah is Informed of what ye do.” (3:180) 00:15:15.539 --> 00:15:18.659 Meaning: Let not those who withhold what they have 00:15:18.659 --> 00:15:21.299 from what Allah has bestowed upon them of His bounty, 00:15:21.299 --> 00:15:23.220 and has been kind to them with, 00:15:23.220 --> 00:15:27.059 and has commanded them to spend of it—what does not harm them—upon His servants, 00:15:27.059 --> 00:15:28.820 and they withheld that, 00:15:28.820 --> 00:15:31.379 thinking it was better for them, 00:15:31.379 --> 00:15:35.620 rather, it is worse for them in their religion and their worldly life. 00:15:35.620 --> 00:15:39.259 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:15:39.259 --> 00:15:42.779 The hadith contains evidence for the obligatory nature of zakat, 00:15:42.779 --> 00:15:46.360 because the severe threat indicates that. 00:15:46.360 --> 00:15:49.399 It contains evidence for the transformation of physical forms, 00:15:49.399 --> 00:15:51.720 and that is within the power of Allah the Exalted, 00:15:51.720 --> 00:15:54.039 easy and undeniable. 00:15:54.039 --> 00:15:56.799 It contains a condemnation of stinginess and greed. 00:15:56.799 --> 00:16:03.379 The hadith implies the negation of stinginess for those who fulfill their obligations. 00:16:03.379 --> 00:16:08.700 Chapter: What has had its zakat paid is not a treasure. 00:16:08.700 --> 00:16:11.340 On the authority of Khalid Ibn Aslam, who said: 00:16:11.340 --> 00:16:15.460 We went out with Abdullah Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), 00:16:15.460 --> 00:16:17.340 and a Bedouin said: 00:16:17.340 --> 00:16:19.740 "Tell me about the saying of Allah: ﴾And those who hoard gold and silver...﴿" 00:16:19.740 --> 00:16:22.539 “O ye who believe! Lo! many of the (Jewish) rabbis and the (Christian) monks devour the wealth of mankind wantonly and debar (men) from the way of Allah. They who hoard up gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah, unto them give tidings (O Muhammad) of a painful doom,” (9:34) 00:16:22.539 --> 00:16:26.379 “O ye who believe! Lo! many of the (Jewish) rabbis and the (Christian) monks devour the wealth of mankind wantonly and debar (men) from the way of Allah. They who hoard up gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah, unto them give tidings (O Muhammad) of a painful doom,” (9:34) 00:16:26.419 --> 00:16:29.460 Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: 00:16:29.460 --> 00:16:32.700 "Whoever hoards it and does not pay its zakat, 00:16:32.700 --> 00:16:34.500 then woe to him. 00:16:34.500 --> 00:16:38.500 This was only before zakat was revealed. 00:16:38.500 --> 00:16:40.220 But when it was revealed, 00:16:40.220 --> 00:16:44.419 Allah made it a purification for wealth." 00:16:44.419 --> 00:16:47.769 Commentary on the hadith: 00:16:47.769 --> 00:16:50.370 “O ye who believe! Lo! many of the (Jewish) rabbis and the (Christian) monks devour the wealth of mankind wantonly and debar (men) from the way of Allah. They who hoard up gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah, unto them give tidings (O Muhammad) of a painful doom,” (9:34) 00:16:50.370 --> 00:16:53.809 “O ye who believe! Lo! many of the (Jewish) rabbis and the (Christian) monks devour the wealth of mankind wantonly and debar (men) from the way of Allah. They who hoard up gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah, unto them give tidings (O Muhammad) of a painful doom,” (9:34) 00:16:53.809 --> 00:16:55.690 The forbidden treasure: 00:16:55.690 --> 00:16:58.649 Whoever withholds it from mandatory spending, 00:16:58.649 --> 00:17:00.730 such as withholding zakat from it, 00:17:00.730 --> 00:17:02.850 or mandatory expenses, 00:17:02.850 --> 00:17:06.970 or spending in the cause of Allah when it becomes obligatory. 00:17:06.970 --> 00:17:08.609 "Woe to him": 00:17:08.609 --> 00:17:09.650 Woe: 00:17:09.650 --> 00:17:14.579 A word said to someone who has fallen into something for which they deserve it. 00:17:14.579 --> 00:17:16.819 "Before zakat was revealed": 00:17:16.819 --> 00:17:19.630 Meaning before zakat was made obligatory. 00:17:19.630 --> 00:17:21.630 "A purification for wealth": 00:17:21.630 --> 00:17:25.059 Meaning a cleansing for wealth. 00:17:25.099 --> 00:17:28.650 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:17:28.650 --> 00:17:30.529 It is understood from the hadith 00:17:30.529 --> 00:17:33.250 that zakat is a purification for wealth, 00:17:33.250 --> 00:17:37.289 and for its owner from base character traits and stinginess. 00:17:37.289 --> 00:17:43.750 It contains that there are rights in wealth that must be fulfilled. 00:17:43.750 --> 00:17:47.190 On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:17:47.190 --> 00:17:51.470 that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:17:51.470 --> 00:17:56.190 "There is no zakat on less than five wasqs of dates, 00:17:56.230 --> 00:18:00.950 and there is no zakat on less than five awqiyah of silver, 00:18:00.950 --> 00:18:06.509 and there is no zakat on less than five camels." 00:18:06.509 --> 00:18:09.809 Commentary on the hadith: 00:18:09.809 --> 00:18:11.089 Wasqs: 00:18:11.089 --> 00:18:12.170 The wasq: 00:18:12.170 --> 00:18:13.970 Sixty sa'. 00:18:13.970 --> 00:18:17.740 It is equivalent to 150 kilograms. 00:18:17.740 --> 00:18:18.900 Sadaqah: 00:18:18.900 --> 00:18:20.559 Meaning zakat. 00:18:20.559 --> 00:18:22.000 Awqiyah: 00:18:22.000 --> 00:18:23.119 The awqiyah: 00:18:23.119 --> 00:18:25.079 Forty dirhams. 00:18:25.079 --> 00:18:29.019 It is equivalent to approximately 120 grams. 00:18:29.019 --> 00:18:30.299 Dhuwd: 00:18:30.299 --> 00:18:31.380 The dhuwd: 00:18:31.380 --> 00:18:34.450 From three to ten. 00:18:34.450 --> 00:18:38.180 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:18:38.180 --> 00:18:43.700 The hadith indicates that there is no zakat on wealth that has not reached the minimum threshold (nisab). 00:18:43.700 --> 00:18:50.230 And that wealth which has not reached the minimum threshold is not considered a treasure. 00:18:50.230 --> 00:18:52.910 On the authority of Zayd Ibn Wahb, who said: 00:18:52.910 --> 00:18:54.829 I passed by al-Rabadhah, 00:18:54.869 --> 00:18:58.589 and there I found Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:18:58.589 --> 00:19:00.150 I said to him: 00:19:00.150 --> 00:19:03.289 "What brought you to this place of yours?" 00:19:03.289 --> 00:19:04.369 He said: 00:19:04.369 --> 00:19:06.049 "I was in the Levant, 00:19:06.049 --> 00:19:11.529 and I differed with Mu'awiyah regarding: ﴾And those who hoard gold and silver...﴿" 00:19:11.529 --> 00:19:15.039 “O ye who believe! Lo! many of the (Jewish) rabbis and the (Christian) monks devour the wealth of mankind wantonly and debar (men) from the way of Allah. They who hoard up gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah, unto them give tidings (O Muhammad) of a painful doom,” (9:34) 00:19:15.039 --> 00:19:16.680 Mu'awiyah said: 00:19:16.680 --> 00:19:19.200 "It was revealed regarding the People of the Book." 00:19:19.200 --> 00:19:20.319 So I said: 00:19:20.319 --> 00:19:22.839 "It was revealed regarding us and them." 00:19:22.880 --> 00:19:25.920 So there was a dispute between me and him regarding that, 00:19:25.920 --> 00:19:30.160 and he wrote to Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) complaining about me. 00:19:30.160 --> 00:19:32.400 So Uthman wrote to me: 00:19:32.400 --> 00:19:34.440 That I approach Medina. 00:19:34.440 --> 00:19:36.160 So I arrived there. 00:19:36.160 --> 00:19:38.160 People crowded around me, 00:19:38.160 --> 00:19:42.079 as if they had never seen me before. 00:19:42.079 --> 00:19:44.799 I mentioned this to Uthman. 00:19:44.799 --> 00:19:46.200 He said to me, 00:19:46.200 --> 00:19:50.319 "If you wish, move away and stay nearby." 00:19:50.319 --> 00:19:54.079 That is what brought me to this place. 00:19:54.079 --> 00:19:56.759 Even if they appointed an Abyssinian over me, 00:19:56.759 --> 00:19:59.869 I would hear and obey. 00:19:59.869 --> 00:20:03.480 Commentary on the hadith: 00:20:03.480 --> 00:20:04.839 At al-Rabadhah, 00:20:04.839 --> 00:20:08.759 a location three stages away from Medina. 00:20:08.759 --> 00:20:09.960 In the Levant (al-Sham), 00:20:09.960 --> 00:20:11.819 meaning in Damascus. 00:20:11.819 --> 00:20:13.900 People crowded around me, 00:20:13.900 --> 00:20:18.119 meaning they were asking him about the reason for his departure from the Levant. 00:20:18.119 --> 00:20:20.319 "If you wish, move away," 00:20:20.319 --> 00:20:22.559 the intent of moving away here 00:20:22.559 --> 00:20:25.529 is to distance oneself and leave the place. 00:20:25.529 --> 00:20:27.289 "And stay nearby," 00:20:27.289 --> 00:20:29.549 meaning near Medina. 00:20:29.549 --> 00:20:31.710 "Even if they appointed an Abyssinian over me," 00:20:31.710 --> 00:20:33.869 "I would hear and obey," 00:20:33.869 --> 00:20:37.630 he meant if the Caliph appointed an Abyssinian slave, 00:20:37.630 --> 00:20:41.250 I would hear his command and obey his word. 00:20:41.250 --> 00:20:44.859 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:20:44.859 --> 00:20:47.019 It is derived from the hadith 00:20:47.019 --> 00:20:49.859 that it is permissible to be firm in enjoining good, 00:20:49.900 --> 00:20:53.349 even if that leads to leaving one's homeland. 00:20:53.349 --> 00:20:59.789 It also contains that it is permissible for the Imam to remove those who cause discord, suspicion, and sin from the town, 00:20:59.789 --> 00:21:02.140 as a protection for the religion. 00:21:02.140 --> 00:21:05.339 The hadith also contains the prohibition of rebelling against the leaders, 00:21:05.339 --> 00:21:09.700 and the necessity of submitting to them even if the truth lies in opposing them. 00:21:09.700 --> 00:21:12.859 It also contains the legitimacy of disagreement and ijtihad (independent legal reasoning), 00:21:12.859 --> 00:21:17.920 in matters where ijtihad is applicable. 00:21:17.920 --> 00:21:20.920 On the authority of al-Ahnaf Ibn Qays, he said: 00:21:20.960 --> 00:21:23.799 I sat with a group of the Quraysh, 00:21:23.799 --> 00:21:28.240 when a man came with rough hair, clothes, and appearance. 00:21:28.240 --> 00:21:31.160 He stood over them and greeted them. 00:21:31.160 --> 00:21:32.799 Then he said, 00:21:32.799 --> 00:21:38.119 "Give glad tidings to those who hoard wealth of heated stones that will be heated in the fire of Hell, 00:21:38.119 --> 00:21:41.599 then placed on the nipple of one of them, 00:21:41.599 --> 00:21:44.759 until it exits from the top of his shoulder, 00:21:44.759 --> 00:21:49.960 and placed on the top of his shoulder until it exits from his nipple." 00:21:50.000 --> 00:21:51.799 It shakes. 00:21:51.799 --> 00:21:55.240 Then he turned away and sat by a pillar. 00:21:55.240 --> 00:21:57.440 I followed him and sat with him, 00:21:57.440 --> 00:22:00.039 and I did not know who he was. 00:22:00.039 --> 00:22:05.480 I said to him, "I do not see the people but that they disliked what you said." 00:22:05.480 --> 00:22:09.640 He said, "They do not understand anything." 00:22:09.640 --> 00:22:11.759 "My intimate friend told me," 00:22:11.759 --> 00:22:15.039 I said, "Who is your intimate friend?" 00:22:15.039 --> 00:22:18.480 He said, "The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him." 00:22:18.519 --> 00:22:20.119 "O Abu Dharr, 00:22:20.119 --> 00:22:22.240 do you see Uhud?" 00:22:22.240 --> 00:22:23.359 He said, 00:22:23.359 --> 00:22:26.960 I looked at the sun to see how much of the day remained, 00:22:26.960 --> 00:22:33.630 and I thought that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, was sending me on an errand for him. 00:22:33.630 --> 00:22:35.269 I said, "Yes." 00:22:35.269 --> 00:22:36.470 He said, 00:22:36.470 --> 00:22:39.950 "I would not love to have the equivalent of Uhud in gold, 00:22:39.950 --> 00:22:41.910 and spend it all, 00:22:41.910 --> 00:22:44.960 except for three dinars." 00:22:44.960 --> 00:22:47.839 "And these people do not understand. 00:22:47.839 --> 00:22:50.559 They are only gathering the world. 00:22:50.559 --> 00:22:52.039 No, by Allah, 00:22:52.039 --> 00:22:54.200 I do not ask them for worldly things, 00:22:54.200 --> 00:22:56.680 nor do I ask them for religious rulings, 00:22:56.680 --> 00:22:59.859 until I meet Allah." 00:22:59.859 --> 00:23:03.250 Commentary on the hadith: 00:23:03.250 --> 00:23:06.240 "To a group," meaning a gathering. 00:23:06.240 --> 00:23:09.170 "Rough," from roughness. 00:23:09.170 --> 00:23:12.900 "Heated stones," meaning heated stones. 00:23:12.900 --> 00:23:17.440 "Then placed," meaning the heated stones are placed. 00:23:17.440 --> 00:23:19.440 "On the nipple of his breast," 00:23:19.440 --> 00:23:22.200 the nipple is the tip of the breast. 00:23:22.200 --> 00:23:23.880 "Until it exits," 00:23:23.880 --> 00:23:27.309 meaning until the heated stones exit. 00:23:27.309 --> 00:23:29.029 "Top of his shoulder," 00:23:29.029 --> 00:23:32.549 meaning the thin bone at the edge of the shoulder. 00:23:32.549 --> 00:23:35.069 It is also said it is the upper part of the shoulder. 00:23:35.069 --> 00:23:36.630 "It shakes," 00:23:36.630 --> 00:23:39.990 meaning the heated stones move and tremble. 00:23:39.990 --> 00:23:41.390 "Then he turned away," 00:23:41.390 --> 00:23:43.630 meaning he retreated and left. 00:23:43.630 --> 00:23:45.109 "To a pillar," 00:23:45.109 --> 00:23:46.859 meaning a column. 00:23:46.859 --> 00:23:48.140 "I do not see," 00:23:48.140 --> 00:23:49.819 meaning I do not think. 00:23:49.819 --> 00:23:51.180 "Sending me," 00:23:51.180 --> 00:23:53.019 meaning dispatching me. 00:23:53.019 --> 00:23:55.500 "Except for three dinars," 00:23:55.500 --> 00:23:57.619 it is said one dinar for his family, 00:23:57.619 --> 00:23:59.859 the second for freeing a slave, 00:23:59.859 --> 00:24:02.369 and the third for a debt. 00:24:02.369 --> 00:24:04.410 "I do not ask them for worldly things," 00:24:04.410 --> 00:24:07.500 meaning I do not covet their worldly possessions. 00:24:07.500 --> 00:24:09.940 "Nor do I ask them for religious rulings," 00:24:09.940 --> 00:24:14.259 meaning I do not ask them about the rulings of the religion. 00:24:14.259 --> 00:24:17.799 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:24:17.839 --> 00:24:23.660 It is derived from the hadith the clarification of the virtue of Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him, and his asceticism. 00:24:23.660 --> 00:24:28.710 The hadith contains a severe warning for those who do not pay the zakat on their wealth. 00:24:28.710 --> 00:24:32.700 It contains the recommendation of calling a man by his kunya (patronymic). 00:24:32.700 --> 00:24:35.779 It contains the recommendation of hastening the payment of zakat. 00:24:35.779 --> 00:24:40.740 The hadith contains an indication that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:24:40.740 --> 00:24:44.660 used to send the best of his Companions on his errands. 00:24:44.660 --> 00:24:48.019 It contains a clarification of the virtue of asceticism in this world. 00:24:48.019 --> 00:24:53.059 It contains guidance to cut off greed for what is in the hands of people. 00:24:53.059 --> 00:24:56.140 The hadith contains the negation of intellect from the intelligent, 00:24:56.140 --> 00:24:58.980 if they do not listen to the admonition. 00:24:58.980 --> 00:25:04.299 It contains that a person should not seek religious rulings except from those he trusts in their religion and intellect. 00:25:04.299 --> 00:25:09.920 It contains the recommendation of giving admonition in the mosque. 00:25:09.920 --> 00:25:13.910 Chapter: Charity from Pure Earnings. 00:25:13.910 --> 00:25:16.190 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, he said: 00:25:16.190 --> 00:25:19.910 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:25:19.910 --> 00:25:24.349 "Whoever gives charity equal to a date from pure earnings— 00:25:24.349 --> 00:25:28.059 and nothing ascends to Allah except the pure— 00:25:28.059 --> 00:25:29.460 in one narration: 00:25:29.460 --> 00:25:32.900 'And Allah does not accept except the pure'— 00:25:32.900 --> 00:25:36.140 then Allah accepts it with His Right Hand, 00:25:36.140 --> 00:25:38.500 then He nurtures it for its owner, 00:25:38.500 --> 00:25:41.500 just as one of you nurtures a foal, 00:25:41.500 --> 00:25:45.259 until it becomes like a mountain." 00:25:45.259 --> 00:25:48.500 Commentary on the hadith: 00:25:48.500 --> 00:25:51.140 "Equal to," meaning the value of. 00:25:51.140 --> 00:25:53.700 "Pure," meaning lawful (halal). 00:25:53.700 --> 00:25:56.980 "And nothing ascends to Allah except the pure," 00:25:56.980 --> 00:26:00.859 meaning Allah the Exalted does not accept except the pure and lawful, 00:26:00.859 --> 00:26:03.769 which is sincere for His Noble Countenance. 00:26:03.769 --> 00:26:06.089 "Accepts it with His Right Hand," 00:26:06.089 --> 00:26:10.589 acceptance is the attainment of reward for a correct deed. 00:26:10.589 --> 00:26:14.980 "Nurtures it," meaning He causes it to grow and multiplies it. 00:26:14.980 --> 00:26:18.420 "Foal," the foal is the young horse, 00:26:18.420 --> 00:26:21.150 and it is the young of horses. 00:26:21.190 --> 00:26:24.630 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:26:24.630 --> 00:26:26.589 It is derived from the hadith 00:26:26.589 --> 00:26:29.109 the encouragement to earn lawfully. 00:26:29.109 --> 00:26:33.309 It contains the encouragement to give charity from what is lawful, even if it is a little. 00:26:33.309 --> 00:26:37.470 For one of the conditions for the acceptance of charity is that it must be from lawful sources. 00:26:37.470 --> 00:26:41.390 The hadith contains an indication of the Highness of Allah the Exalted, 00:26:41.390 --> 00:26:44.670 and the affirmation of the Right Hand for Allah the Almighty. 00:26:44.670 --> 00:26:48.430 The hadith contains the multiplication of rewards in charities. 00:26:48.470 --> 00:26:53.670 It contains that the reward of charity varies according to the intensity of concern for it, 00:26:53.670 --> 00:26:56.900 in terms of intention, earnings, and the recipient. 00:26:56.900 --> 00:27:01.900 The hadith contains the legitimacy of clarifying knowledge by using examples from reality, 00:27:01.900 --> 00:27:04.099 as it is more impactful on the soul.