In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
The treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah)
The Mosque of Dirar
And before the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, set out for Tabuk
Some of the hypocrites built a mosque for themselves.
And they said to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him,
Come and pray two rak'ahs in this mosque, or perform one of the prescribed prayers.
Then, we shall subsequently designate it as a mosque.
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:
When I return from Tabuk, I will do so, if Allah wills.
This is located near the Quba Mosque.
And they desired for the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to lead them in prayer.
So that they may propagate the corruption, disbelief, and obstinacy they desire.
Allah protected His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, from praying in it.
This was because he was preparing for a journey to Tabuk.
Al-Hafiz Ibn Kathir, may Allah have mercy on him, stated:
Then, when he returned from it—that is, from Tabuk—
It was revealed at Dhu Awan.
Then the revelation descended upon him regarding this mosque.
This is in reference to the words of Allah the Exalted:
“And as for those who chose a place of worship out of opposition and disbelief, and in order to cause dissent among the believers, and as an outpost for those who warred against Allah and His messenger aforetime, they will surely swear: We purposed naught save good. Allah beareth witness that they verily are liars.” (9:107)
And as a means of causing division among the believers.
“And as for those who chose a place of worship out of opposition and disbelief, and in order to cause dissent among the believers, and as an outpost for those who warred against Allah and His messenger aforetime, they will surely swear: We purposed naught save good. Allah beareth witness that they verily are liars.” (9:107)
“And as for those who chose a place of worship out of opposition and disbelief, and in order to cause dissent among the believers, and as an outpost for those who warred against Allah and His messenger aforetime, they will surely swear: We purposed naught save good. Allah beareth witness that they verily are liars.” (9:107)
And Allah bears witness that they are indeed liars.
“Never stand (to pray) there. A place of worship which was found upon duty (to Allah) from the first day is more worthy that thou shouldst stand (to pray) therein, wherein are men who love to purify themselves. Allah loveth the purifiers.” (9:108)
“Never stand (to pray) there. A place of worship which was found upon duty (to Allah) from the first day is more worthy that thou shouldst stand (to pray) therein, wherein are men who love to purify themselves. Allah loveth the purifiers.” (9:108)
“Never stand (to pray) there. A place of worship which was found upon duty (to Allah) from the first day is more worthy that thou shouldst stand (to pray) therein, wherein are men who love to purify themselves. Allah loveth the purifiers.” (9:108)
And Allah loves those who purify themselves.
“Is he who founded his building upon duty to Allah and His good pleasure better; or he who founded his building on the brink of a crumbling, overhanging precipice so that it toppled with him into the fire of hell? Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:109)
Is it he who founded his building upon the fear of Allah?
Is it he who founded his building on the edge of a crumbling precipice, so that it collapsed?
“Is he who founded his building upon duty to Allah and His good pleasure better; or he who founded his building on the brink of a crumbling, overhanging precipice so that it toppled with him into the fire of hell? Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:109)
And Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people.
Their building, which they have built, will continue to be a source of doubt in their hearts.
“The building which they built will never cease to be a misgiving in their hearts unless their hearts be torn to pieces. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (9:110)
And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
And to cause division among the believers.
That is, by sitting in this mosque and weaving conspiracies.
“And as for those who chose a place of worship out of opposition and disbelief, and in order to cause dissent among the believers, and as an outpost for those who warred against Allah and His messenger aforetime, they will surely swear: We purposed naught save good. Allah beareth witness that they verily are liars.” (9:107)
That is, this mosque is to be a place for the gathering of those who previously waged war against Allah and His Messenger.
This is Abu 'Amir al-Rahib.
He was a Christian man known as Abu 'Amir the Corrupt.
This is because the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, invited him to Islam.
He then went to the people of Makkah to incite them against the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
They came in the year of Uhud to fight the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
Then this Abu 'Amir went to the Byzantine Emperor, Caesar.
He seeks his support against the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
He used to write to his brethren who had fallen into hypocrisy, making them promises and filling them with false hopes.
And Satan promises them nothing but delusion.
And he was among the devils of mankind.
His correspondence and envoys would reach them at every turn.
So they built this mosque.
In its outward appearance, it is a mosque.
Its inner reality is a theater of war and conflict against the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
It was a place of residence for the envoys arriving from Abu 'Amir al-Rahib.
It is also a gathering place for those who follow their path among the hypocrites.
It is for this reason that Allah, the Exalted, said:
“And as for those who chose a place of worship out of opposition and disbelief, and in order to cause dissent among the believers, and as an outpost for those who warred against Allah and His messenger aforetime, they will surely swear: We purposed naught save good. Allah beareth witness that they verily are liars.” (9:107)
Then he said:
“And as for those who chose a place of worship out of opposition and disbelief, and in order to cause dissent among the believers, and as an outpost for those who warred against Allah and His messenger aforetime, they will surely swear: We purposed naught save good. Allah beareth witness that they verily are liars.” (9:107)
In other words, our only intention in building it was to do good.
And Allah bears witness that they are indeed liars.
For He knows the treachery of the eyes and what the hearts conceal.
Then he said:
“Never stand (to pray) there. A place of worship which was found upon duty (to Allah) from the first day is more worthy that thou shouldst stand (to pray) therein, wherein are men who love to purify themselves. Allah loveth the purifiers.” (9:108)
He then forbade him from standing there.
So that his command is not established.
Then he commanded him and encouraged him to stand in the mosque.
The one which was founded upon piety from the very first day.
That is none other than the Quba Mosque.
At that point, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, gave the command.
Malik Ibn al-Dukhshum
And the meaning of [the narration of] Ibn 'Adi, may Allah be pleased with both of them.
Let him go to that mosque whose people are oppressors.
Then they shall burn him with fire.
So he went, and the two of them burned him with fire.
This ruling is not exclusive to this mosque.
Rather, every mosque that was not built upon piety.
For his ultimate fate is to be destroyed.
For the fundamental principle regarding the construction of a mosque
That it be built upon piety toward Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He.
And that which is not built upon God-consciousness (taqwa)
For it is not permissible to perform prayer in it.
And he distinguishes between the house and the church.
And the mosque that is built to cause harm.
A house can be converted into a mosque.
Likewise, a church may be converted into a mosque.
For it was not originally built to be a mosque.
However, it is to be built upon the premise that it is a mosque.
It is for the purpose of causing harm.
Therefore, it is not permissible to perform prayer in it.
Must it be demolished and rebuilt from scratch?
upon a foundation of taqwa from Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He.
During the expedition of Tabuk
A group of the Muslims remained behind.
On the authority of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
They are divided into five categories.
The first.
They lagged behind the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
By His command.
They are commanded to do so and shall be rewarded for it.
Such as 'Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him.
And Muhammad Ibn Maslamah, may Allah be pleased with him.
And others besides them.
The second.
Those who remained behind were excused.
They are the sick and the weak.
This includes women, children, and the elderly among them.
The third.
They are the destitute and the poor.
And they are the ones who weep profusely.
Like the likes of 'Ulba ibn Zayd and others.
And those concerning whom Allah, the Exalted, said:
There is no blame upon the weak
Nor is there any blame upon the sick.
“Not unto the weak nor unto the sick nor unto those who can find naught to spend is any fault (to be imputed though they stay at home) if they are true to Allah and His messenger. Not unto the good is there any road (of blame). Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (9:91)
“Not unto the weak nor unto the sick nor unto those who can find naught to spend is any fault (to be imputed though they stay at home) if they are true to Allah and His messenger. Not unto the good is there any road (of blame). Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (9:91)
They do not find any reluctance in what they spend.
When they offer sincere counsel for the sake of Allah.
“Not unto the weak nor unto the sick nor unto those who can find naught to spend is any fault (to be imputed though they stay at home) if they are true to Allah and His messenger. Not unto the good is there any road (of blame). Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (9:91)
“Not unto the weak nor unto the sick nor unto those who can find naught to spend is any fault (to be imputed though they stay at home) if they are true to Allah and His messenger. Not unto the good is there any road (of blame). Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (9:91)
And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
“Nor unto those whom, when they came to thee (asking) that thou shouldst mount them, thou didst tell: I cannot find whereon to mount you. They turned back with eyes flowing with tears, for sorrow that they could not find the means to spend.” (9:92)
In order for them to carry it.
“Nor unto those whom, when they came to thee (asking) that thou shouldst mount them, thou didst tell: I cannot find whereon to mount you. They turned back with eyes flowing with tears, for sorrow that they could not find the means to spend.” (9:92)
They turned away.
“Nor unto those whom, when they came to thee (asking) that thou shouldst mount them, thou didst tell: I cannot find whereon to mount you. They turned back with eyes flowing with tears, for sorrow that they could not find the means to spend.” (9:92)
“Nor unto those whom, when they came to thee (asking) that thou shouldst mount them, thou didst tell: I cannot find whereon to mount you. They turned back with eyes flowing with tears, for sorrow that they could not find the means to spend.” (9:92)
The fourth.
They are blameworthy.
They are the hypocrites.
Those who remained behind and did not join the Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
Jadd ibn Qays
He who said
Grant me permission and do not tempt me.
And those who said to their companions, "Do not march forth in the heat."
The fifth.
They are disobedient sinners.
They erred.
They are divided into two categories.
The first category
Abu Lubaba and his companions.
On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both
Regarding the words of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He:
And others have confessed their sins.
They mixed a righteous deed
And he ended up in a bad state.
“And (there are) others who have acknowledged their faults. They mixed a righteous action with another that was bad. It may be that Allah will relent toward them. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (9:102)
Indeed, Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
He said
They were a group of ten men.
They remained behind, failing to accompany the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
During the expedition of Tabuk.
When the time for his return arrived
Seven of them bound themselves to the pillars of the mosque.
When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, passed by them
He asked, "Who are these people?"
They said:
Abu Lubaba and his companions
They stayed behind and did not join you.
until you release them and excuse them.
He said
And I swear by Allah
I neither release them nor do I excuse them.
Until Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, is the One who releases them.
They turned away from me and failed to join the Muslims in the military expedition.
When that news reached them,
They said:
We do not give ourselves free rein.
Until Allah is the One who has set us in motion.
Then Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, revealed
And others have confessed their sins.
“And (there are) others who have acknowledged their faults. They mixed a righteous action with another that was bad. It may be that Allah will relent toward them. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (9:102)
“And (there are) others who have acknowledged their faults. They mixed a righteous action with another that was bad. It may be that Allah will relent toward them. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (9:102)
Indeed, Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
And it is a hope from Allah.
Meaning, it is an obligation upon Allah, Majestic and Exalted is He.
He made it incumbent upon Himself.
Here, its meaning is that He accepted their repentance.
When this verse was revealed
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, sent to them.
He then set them free and excused them.
They came with their wealth and said, "O Messenger of Allah."
These are our possessions; give them away as charity on our behalf.
And seek forgiveness for us.
He then said
I have not been commanded to take your wealth.
Then Allah, the Exalted, revealed
“Take alms of their wealth, wherewith thou mayst purify them and mayst make them grow, and pray for them. Lo! thy prayer is an assuagement for them. Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (9:103)
“Take alms of their wealth, wherewith thou mayst purify them and mayst make them grow, and pray for them. Lo! thy prayer is an assuagement for them. Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (9:103)
“Take alms of their wealth, wherewith thou mayst purify them and mayst make them grow, and pray for them. Lo! thy prayer is an assuagement for them. Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (9:103)
And Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing of them.
The second category.
They are the ones concerning whom Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, said:
“And (there are) others who await Allah's decree, whether He will punish them or will forgive them. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (9:106)
“And (there are) others who await Allah's decree, whether He will punish them or will forgive them. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (9:106)
And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
They are the three who did not bind themselves.