Summary of Sunni concepts
The origins of atonement
The question of whether or not to declare a person to be an infidel is a serious matter
This has two aspects
The first
Atonement of a person who does not deserve atonement
Mere suspicions do not rise to the level of declaring his atonement
The second
He is not considered an apostate despite the availability of conditions and the absence of impediments
Which he breaks with by declaring him a disbeliever and dealing with him according to the provisions of Islam
Atonement for a specific person has principles that must be taken into account and taken into consideration
The most important of them
Firstly
The appointed person must be judged with knowledge and justice
This means that the ruling is whether he is an infidel or not
Lacking legal knowledge of the provisions, controls, and conditions of atonement
Real knowledge of the condition of the particular person to be judged
And to verify all of that
It should not be based on suspicions, delusions and possibilities
And the ruling should be just and pious
Beware of passion and self-preservation
God Almighty said
Do not stop what you have no knowledge of
Hearing, sight, and heart were all responsible for him
And the Almighty said
O you who have believed, be upholders of God, witnesses to justice
And do not let the hatred of other people force you not to be just
Be just, it is closer to piety
And fear God
God is aware of what you do
Secondly
To be the reference in defining faith and disbelief and what they entail
God Almighty's statement in his book
And the statement of His Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, in his Sunnah
And with the understanding of the Companions, may God be pleased with them
This origin is a branch of the one that precedes it
It is not permissible to delve into issues of faith and disbelief
Except with a firm knowledge of their meaning and limits
With the understanding of the righteous predecessors
Otherwise, one will fall into the scourge of heretical doctrines in defining both faith and disbelief
Such as the Khawarij and the Murji’ah
Third
Whoever is proven to be a Muslim with certainty
It is not permissible to remove it from it except with certainty
This falls under the great rule of jurisprudence
Certainty is not removed by doubt
It has not been proven with certainty that he rejected it
He rules by it
There is no doubt that it was his response
He is not judged by it
Fourth
Judgments in this world are based on what is apparent
And God takes care of the beds
He does not search for people's insides
Where God did not hope so
Whoever appears to be Islam
Judgment for him
Whoever appears to be contrary to faith
He was sentenced to it
The lesson in this is the last state of the accountable person
He was the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace
He treats people according to their appearance
He accepts the apparent Islam of the hypocrites
Although they are infidels inwardly
Unless this hypocrite shows his disbelief
In word or deed
Then
He is judged as such
Fifth
Absolute ruling declaring words or actions as takfīr
He is not required to judge the person appointed by him
Rather, it is said
This statement or action is blasphemy
It is not necessary for everyone to wear it
He is an infidel himself
Until the atonement conditions are met
Obstacles disappear
This is an important ruling regarding atonement
And atonement, creativity, and coordination
VI
The appointee shall not be judged by the consequences of his words or actions
It is not necessary to say or do anything
Unless you offer him these resources and requirements
He accepted it and adhered to it
But if he denies it when it is presented to him
He should not be judged as a disbeliever
Summary of Sunni concepts