WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.660 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:12.900 --> 00:00:16.129 Surah al-Tawbah. 00:00:18.690 --> 00:00:24.690 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:24.690 --> 00:00:32.420 “Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise which is binding on Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur'an. Who fulfilleth His covenant better than Allah? Rejoice then in your bargain that ye have made, for that is the supreme triumph.” (9:111) 00:00:32.619 --> 00:00:42.219 “Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise which is binding on Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur'an. Who fulfilleth His covenant better than Allah? Rejoice then in your bargain that ye have made, for that is the supreme triumph.” (9:111) 00:00:42.460 --> 00:00:49.899 “Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise which is binding on Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur'an. Who fulfilleth His covenant better than Allah? Rejoice then in your bargain that ye have made, for that is the supreme triumph.” (9:111) 00:00:50.140 --> 00:00:58.619 “Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise which is binding on Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur'an. Who fulfilleth His covenant better than Allah? Rejoice then in your bargain that ye have made, for that is the supreme triumph.” (9:111) 00:00:58.859 --> 00:01:03.380 “Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise which is binding on Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur'an. Who fulfilleth His covenant better than Allah? Rejoice then in your bargain that ye have made, for that is the supreme triumph.” (9:111) 00:01:03.619 --> 00:01:09.540 So rejoice in the transaction which you have concluded. 00:01:09.739 --> 00:01:14.780 And that is the great success. 00:01:16.099 --> 00:01:20.980 “Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise which is binding on Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur'an. Who fulfilleth His covenant better than Allah? Rejoice then in your bargain that ye have made, for that is the supreme triumph.” (9:111) 00:01:21.530 --> 00:01:26.370 He has promised them Paradise, a promise binding upon Him in His revealed scriptures: 00:01:26.849 --> 00:01:29.569 The Torah, the Gospel, and the Qur'an. 00:01:30.230 --> 00:01:34.189 And who is truer to his covenant than Allah? 00:01:34.819 --> 00:01:39.700 Rejoice, O believers who have been true to Allah in what they pledged, 00:01:40.060 --> 00:01:45.579 In the transaction of your souls and wealth for what you have sold to your Lord. 00:01:46.019 --> 00:01:48.900 For that is indeed the great success. 00:01:58.780 --> 00:02:06.019 “(Triumphant) are those who turn repentant (to Allah), those who serve (Him), those who praise (Him), those who fast, those who bow down, those who fall prostrate (in worship), those who enjoin the right and who forbid the wrong and those who keep the limits (ordained) of Allah - And give glad tidings to believers!” (9:112) 00:02:06.299 --> 00:02:14.659 And those who forbid what is evil. 00:02:14.659 --> 00:02:18.780 And those who observe the limits set by Allah. 00:02:19.060 --> 00:02:23.060 And give glad tidings to the believers. 00:02:24.669 --> 00:02:26.949 “Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise which is binding on Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur'an. Who fulfilleth His covenant better than Allah? Rejoice then in your bargain that ye have made, for that is the supreme triumph.” (9:111) 00:02:27.310 --> 00:02:28.750 They are the repentant, 00:02:28.990 --> 00:02:32.870 Those who turn to Allah in repentance from all sins, 00:02:32.870 --> 00:02:34.629 The worshippers, 00:02:34.629 --> 00:02:38.990 Those who humble themselves out of fear of Allah and modesty before Him, 00:02:38.990 --> 00:02:40.710 The praisers, 00:02:40.710 --> 00:02:46.669 Those who praise Allah for everything He tests them with, whether of good or evil, 00:02:46.669 --> 00:02:48.389 The observers of fasting, 00:02:48.389 --> 00:02:51.870 Those who pray, bowing in their prayer, 00:02:51.870 --> 00:02:53.990 And prostrating therein, 00:02:53.990 --> 00:02:58.189 Those who enjoin upon people the truth in their religion, 00:02:58.349 --> 00:03:03.550 And forbid them from every deed and word that Allah has forbidden His servants, 00:03:03.550 --> 00:03:06.110 Those who fulfill the obligatory duties of Allah, 00:03:06.110 --> 00:03:09.430 And who adhere to His commands and prohibitions. 00:03:09.430 --> 00:03:14.509 And give glad tidings to those who believe in what Allah has promised them. 00:03:14.509 --> 00:03:26.710 “It is not for the Prophet, and those who believe, to pray for the forgiveness of idolaters even though they may be near of kin (to them) after it hath become clear that they are people of hell-fire.” (9:113) 00:03:26.750 --> 00:03:41.030 Even if they were relatives, after it has become clear to them that they are the companions of the Hellfire. 00:03:42.629 --> 00:03:49.069 It is not for the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, and those who believe with him, 00:03:49.069 --> 00:03:52.310 To ask for forgiveness for the polytheists, 00:03:52.349 --> 00:03:57.990 Even if the polytheists for whom they seek forgiveness are their own kin, 00:03:57.990 --> 00:04:01.469 After it has become clear that they died in their state of polytheism against Allah, 00:04:01.469 --> 00:04:05.110 And it has become evident that they are among the people of the Fire. 00:04:05.110 --> 00:04:09.229 Because Allah has decreed that He will not forgive a polytheist. 00:04:09.229 --> 00:04:16.759 So it is not fitting for them to ask their Lord to do what they already know He will not do. 00:04:16.800 --> 00:04:29.160 “The prayer of Abraham for the forgiveness of his father was only because of a promise he had promised him, but when it had become clear unto him that he (his father) was an enemy to Allah he (Abraham) disowned him. Lo! Abraham was soft of heart, long-suffering.” (9:114) 00:04:29.160 --> 00:04:40.160 “The prayer of Abraham for the forgiveness of his father was only because of a promise he had promised him, but when it had become clear unto him that he (his father) was an enemy to Allah he (Abraham) disowned him. Lo! Abraham was soft of heart, long-suffering.” (9:114) 00:04:40.160 --> 00:04:45.879 “The prayer of Abraham for the forgiveness of his father was only because of a promise he had promised him, but when it had become clear unto him that he (his father) was an enemy to Allah he (Abraham) disowned him. Lo! Abraham was soft of heart, long-suffering.” (9:114) 00:04:47.029 --> 00:04:54.029 “The prayer of Abraham for the forgiveness of his father was only because of a promise he had promised him, but when it had become clear unto him that he (his father) was an enemy to Allah he (Abraham) disowned him. Lo! Abraham was soft of heart, long-suffering.” (9:114) 00:04:54.029 --> 00:05:01.629 So when it became clear to him that he died a polytheist to Allah, he disavowed him and ceased seeking forgiveness for him. 00:05:01.629 --> 00:05:10.959 Indeed, Ibrahim, peace be upon him, was compassionate to his Lord, forbearing toward those who insulted him or harmed him. 00:05:11.079 --> 00:05:26.040 “It was never Allah's (part) that He should send a folk astray after He had guided them until He had made clear unto them what they should avoid. Lo! Allah is Aware of all things.” (9:115) 00:05:26.040 --> 00:05:32.420 Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing of all things. 00:05:33.660 --> 00:05:40.300 And it was not for Allah to judge you regarding your seeking forgiveness for your polytheist dead who were in error, 00:05:40.339 --> 00:05:45.899 After He had granted you guidance and enabled you to believe in Him and His Messenger, 00:05:45.899 --> 00:05:49.459 Until He had sent down the prohibition concerning it. 00:05:49.459 --> 00:05:53.180 Indeed, Allah is fully aware of what is in your hearts, 00:05:53.180 --> 00:05:58.379 At the time Allah forbade you from seeking forgiveness for your polytheist dead, 00:05:58.379 --> 00:06:02.420 Regarding the distress you felt over the seeking of forgiveness that had passed from you, 00:06:02.420 --> 00:06:05.660 And other matters concerning His servants. 00:06:05.660 --> 00:06:09.100 So He clarified His forbearance toward you in that regard, 00:06:09.139 --> 00:06:12.259 To relieve you of the burden of grief over it. 00:06:13.819 --> 00:06:19.620 Indeed, to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth. 00:06:19.620 --> 00:06:23.300 He gives life and causes death. 00:06:23.300 --> 00:06:32.100 And you have, other than Allah, no protector or helper. 00:06:33.420 --> 00:06:35.699 Indeed, O people, Allah 00:06:35.699 --> 00:06:39.779 Possesses the authority of the heavens and the earth and their dominion. 00:06:39.819 --> 00:06:42.579 In His hand is their life and their death. 00:06:42.579 --> 00:06:45.579 So do not despair, O believers, 00:06:45.579 --> 00:06:47.939 And strive in His obedience, 00:06:47.939 --> 00:06:50.180 For He grants honor to whom He wills, 00:06:50.180 --> 00:06:52.540 And He brings low whom He wills. 00:06:52.540 --> 00:06:57.019 And you have no one who is an ally for you besides Allah, 00:06:57.019 --> 00:06:59.500 Nor any helper to aid you against Him. 00:06:59.500 --> 00:07:01.899 “Say: Who is he who can preserve you from Allah if He intendeth harm for you, or intendeth mercy for you. They will not find that they have any friend or helper other than Allah.” (33:17) 00:07:01.899 --> 00:07:06.680 So place your trust in Allah, and fear Him alone. 00:07:06.720 --> 00:07:11.879 “Allah hath turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the Muhajirin and the Ansar who followed him in the hour of hardship. After the hearts of a party of them had almost swerved aside, then turned He unto them in mercy. Lo! He is Full of Pity, Merciful for them.” (9:117) 00:07:11.879 --> 00:07:18.079 And the Ansar who followed him 00:07:18.079 --> 00:07:20.000 In the hour of difficulty. 00:07:20.000 --> 00:07:32.439 “Allah hath turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the Muhajirin and the Ansar who followed him in the hour of hardship. After the hearts of a party of them had almost swerved aside, then turned He unto them in mercy. Lo! He is Full of Pity, Merciful for them.” (9:117) 00:07:32.439 --> 00:07:35.839 Then He accepted their repentance. 00:07:35.839 --> 00:07:41.629 “Allah hath turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the Muhajirin and the Ansar who followed him in the hour of hardship. After the hearts of a party of them had almost swerved aside, then turned He unto them in mercy. Lo! He is Full of Pity, Merciful for them.” (9:117) 00:07:43.100 --> 00:07:50.699 Allah has indeed granted the ability to turn in repentance to His command and obedience to His Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, 00:07:50.699 --> 00:07:55.819 And to the Emigrants who left their homes and kin for the abode of Islam, 00:07:55.819 --> 00:07:58.579 And to the helpers of His Messenger for the sake of Allah, 00:07:58.579 --> 00:08:04.100 Those who followed the Messenger of Allah in the hour of difficulty with their wealth, 00:08:04.139 --> 00:08:08.259 After the hearts of some of them had almost swerved from the truth, 00:08:08.259 --> 00:08:11.420 And they were doubting their religion and wavering. 00:08:11.420 --> 00:08:16.620 Then He granted them, may His majesty be exalted, the ability to return to steadfastness in His religion. 00:08:16.620 --> 00:08:20.699 Indeed, your Lord, regarding those whose hearts were affected by that, 00:08:20.699 --> 00:08:26.339 Is Kind and Merciful to them, lest He destroy them and strip faith from them, 00:08:26.339 --> 00:08:32.509 After they had been tested for the sake of Allah and had endured hardship and adversity. 00:08:32.509 --> 00:08:46.190 “And to the three also (did He turn in mercy) who were left behind, when the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for them, and their own souls were straitened for them till they bethought them that there is no refuge from Allah save toward Him. Then turned He unto them in mercy that they (too) might turn (repentant unto Him). Lo! Allah! He is the Relenting, the Merciful.” (9:118) 00:08:46.190 --> 00:08:51.870 “And to the three also (did He turn in mercy) who were left behind, when the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for them, and their own souls were straitened for them till they bethought them that there is no refuge from Allah save toward Him. Then turned He unto them in mercy that they (too) might turn (repentant unto Him). Lo! Allah! He is the Relenting, the Merciful.” (9:118) 00:08:51.909 --> 00:09:05.340 “And to the three also (did He turn in mercy) who were left behind, when the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for them, and their own souls were straitened for them till they bethought them that there is no refuge from Allah save toward Him. Then turned He unto them in mercy that they (too) might turn (repentant unto Him). Lo! Allah! He is the Relenting, the Merciful.” (9:118) 00:09:05.340 --> 00:09:13.059 Indeed, Allah is the Accepting of Repentance, the Merciful. 00:09:13.059 --> 00:09:17.500 “Allah hath turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the Muhajirin and the Ansar who followed him in the hour of hardship. After the hearts of a party of them had almost swerved aside, then turned He unto them in mercy. Lo! He is Full of Pity, Merciful for them.” (9:117) 00:09:17.500 --> 00:09:20.539 “And to the three also (did He turn in mercy) who were left behind, when the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for them, and their own souls were straitened for them till they bethought them that there is no refuge from Allah save toward Him. Then turned He unto them in mercy that they (too) might turn (repentant unto Him). Lo! Allah! He is the Relenting, the Merciful.” (9:118) 00:09:20.539 --> 00:09:23.259 So Allah left them behind regarding repentance. 00:09:23.259 --> 00:09:30.259 He deferred them from those whom He accepted the repentance of, from those who stayed behind from the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:09:30.259 --> 00:09:34.059 Until the earth, despite its vastness, became constrained for them, 00:09:34.059 --> 00:09:38.019 In grief and remorse for staying behind from the jihad, 00:09:38.019 --> 00:09:43.940 And their own souls became constrained for them due to the distress and anguish they felt, 00:09:43.940 --> 00:09:45.940 And they became certain in their hearts 00:09:45.940 --> 00:09:53.460 That there is no refuge from the trial Allah sent down upon them except in Allah. 00:09:53.460 --> 00:09:58.220 Then He granted them the ability to turn in repentance to His obedience so that they might return to Him. 00:09:58.220 --> 00:10:03.220 Indeed, Allah is the Bestower of repentance to His servants, 00:10:03.220 --> 00:10:08.299 Merciful to them, that He would not punish them after their repentance. 00:10:08.379 --> 00:10:16.659 “O ye who believe! Be careful of your duty to Allah, and be with the truthful.” (9:119) 00:10:17.600 --> 00:10:21.159 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, 00:10:21.159 --> 00:10:26.799 Fear Allah and be mindful of Him by performing His obligatory duties and adhering to His limits, 00:10:26.799 --> 00:10:31.480 And be in this world among the people of Allah’s guardianship and obedience, 00:10:31.480 --> 00:10:35.559 So that you may be in the Hereafter with the truthful in Paradise. 00:10:35.559 --> 00:10:43.100 “It is not for the townsfolk of Al-Madinah and for those around them of the wandering Arabs so stay behind the messenger of Allah and prefer their lives to his life. That is because neither thirst nor toil nor hunger afflicteth them in the way of Allah, nor step they any step that angereth the disbelievers, nor gain they from the enemy a gain, but a good deed is recorded for them therefor. Lo! Allah loseth not the wages of the good.” (9:120) 00:10:43.100 --> 00:10:49.820 “It is not for the townsfolk of Al-Madinah and for those around them of the wandering Arabs so stay behind the messenger of Allah and prefer their lives to his life. That is because neither thirst nor toil nor hunger afflicteth them in the way of Allah, nor step they any step that angereth the disbelievers, nor gain they from the enemy a gain, but a good deed is recorded for them therefor. Lo! Allah loseth not the wages of the good.” (9:120) 00:10:49.820 --> 00:10:54.820 “It is not for the townsfolk of Al-Madinah and for those around them of the wandering Arabs so stay behind the messenger of Allah and prefer their lives to his life. That is because neither thirst nor toil nor hunger afflicteth them in the way of Allah, nor step they any step that angereth the disbelievers, nor gain they from the enemy a gain, but a good deed is recorded for them therefor. Lo! Allah loseth not the wages of the good.” (9:120) 00:10:54.820 --> 00:11:02.220 That is because they do not suffer thirst or fatigue, 00:11:02.220 --> 00:11:08.220 “It is not for the townsfolk of Al-Madinah and for those around them of the wandering Arabs so stay behind the messenger of Allah and prefer their lives to his life. That is because neither thirst nor toil nor hunger afflicteth them in the way of Allah, nor step they any step that angereth the disbelievers, nor gain they from the enemy a gain, but a good deed is recorded for them therefor. Lo! Allah loseth not the wages of the good.” (9:120) 00:11:08.220 --> 00:11:15.659 Nor do they tread any ground that enrages the disbelievers, 00:11:15.659 --> 00:11:24.779 Nor do they inflict any injury upon an enemy, 00:11:24.779 --> 00:11:30.059 “It is not for the townsfolk of Al-Madinah and for those around them of the wandering Arabs so stay behind the messenger of Allah and prefer their lives to his life. That is because neither thirst nor toil nor hunger afflicteth them in the way of Allah, nor step they any step that angereth the disbelievers, nor gain they from the enemy a gain, but a good deed is recorded for them therefor. Lo! Allah loseth not the wages of the good.” (9:120) 00:11:30.059 --> 00:11:37.620 Indeed, Allah does not allow the reward of the doers of good to be lost. 00:11:37.659 --> 00:11:42.580 It was not for the people of the city of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:11:42.580 --> 00:11:45.740 And those around them from the dwellers of the desert, 00:11:45.740 --> 00:11:50.740 To stay behind from the Messenger of Allah in their homes, 00:11:50.740 --> 00:11:53.940 Nor to prefer their own lives over his life, 00:11:53.940 --> 00:11:57.580 By accompanying him on his journey and in jihad with him, 00:11:57.580 --> 00:12:02.539 Because they do not suffer in their journey thirst or fatigue, 00:12:02.539 --> 00:12:06.980 Nor hunger in the establishment of the religion of Allah and supporting it, 00:12:07.019 --> 00:12:11.740 Nor do they tread any land that enrages the disbelievers by their treading upon it, 00:12:11.740 --> 00:12:18.059 Nor do they inflict upon an enemy of Allah anything regarding their wealth, lives, or children, 00:12:18.059 --> 00:12:23.379 But that Allah records for them for all of that the reward of a righteous deed. 00:12:23.379 --> 00:12:28.019 Indeed, Allah does not let any doer of good among His creation, who has done well in his work, 00:12:28.019 --> 00:12:34.549 Go without rewarding him for his goodness and recompensing him for his righteous deed. 00:12:34.549 --> 00:12:44.669 “Nor spend they any spending, small or great, nor do they cross a valley, but it is recorded for them, that Allah may repay them the best of what they used to do.” (9:121) 00:12:44.669 --> 00:12:51.509 “Nor spend they any spending, small or great, nor do they cross a valley, but it is recorded for them, that Allah may repay them the best of what they used to do.” (9:121) 00:12:51.509 --> 00:12:57.309 “Nor spend they any spending, small or great, nor do they cross a valley, but it is recorded for them, that Allah may repay them the best of what they used to do.” (9:121) 00:12:58.789 --> 00:13:04.149 “Nor spend they any spending, small or great, nor do they cross a valley, but it is recorded for them, that Allah may repay them the best of what they used to do.” (9:121) 00:13:04.190 --> 00:13:08.509 Nor do they cross any valley with the Messenger of Allah in his military expedition, 00:13:08.509 --> 00:13:13.110 But that it is recorded for them as a reward for that deed of theirs, 00:13:13.110 --> 00:13:18.389 As the best of what He rewards them for the best of the deeds they used to do, 00:13:18.389 --> 00:13:21.190 While they were residing in their homes.