WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.169 --> 00:00:08.009 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.630 --> 00:00:12.710 Abridged by Dr. ‘Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammar. 00:00:14.310 --> 00:00:16.309 Surah al-Tawbah. 00:00:18.750 --> 00:00:24.429 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:24.429 --> 00:00:29.829 Have you made the providing of water to the pilgrims [equivalent to the faith of one who believes in Allah]? 00:00:29.829 --> 00:00:34.390 “Count ye the slaking of a pilgrim's thirst and tendance of the Inviolable Place of Worship as (equal to the worth of) him who believeth in Allah and the Last Day, and striveth in the way of Allah? They are not equal in the sight of Allah. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:19) 00:00:34.710 --> 00:00:38.549 “Count ye the slaking of a pilgrim's thirst and tendance of the Inviolable Place of Worship as (equal to the worth of) him who believeth in Allah and the Last Day, and striveth in the way of Allah? They are not equal in the sight of Allah. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:19) 00:00:38.549 --> 00:00:42.630 “Count ye the slaking of a pilgrim's thirst and tendance of the Inviolable Place of Worship as (equal to the worth of) him who believeth in Allah and the Last Day, and striveth in the way of Allah? They are not equal in the sight of Allah. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:19) 00:00:42.630 --> 00:00:47.869 They are not equal in the sight of Allah. 00:00:47.869 --> 00:00:53.070 And Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people. 00:00:54.700 --> 00:01:00.100 O people, have you made the providing of water to the pilgrims and the maintenance of the Sacred Mosque [equivalent to the faith of one who believes in Allah]? 00:01:00.100 --> 00:01:02.700 “Count ye the slaking of a pilgrim's thirst and tendance of the Inviolable Place of Worship as (equal to the worth of) him who believeth in Allah and the Last Day, and striveth in the way of Allah? They are not equal in the sight of Allah. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:19) 00:01:02.700 --> 00:01:05.140 “Count ye the slaking of a pilgrim's thirst and tendance of the Inviolable Place of Worship as (equal to the worth of) him who believeth in Allah and the Last Day, and striveth in the way of Allah? They are not equal in the sight of Allah. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:19) 00:01:05.180 --> 00:01:08.700 These and those are not equal in the sight of Allah. 00:01:09.219 --> 00:01:12.060 And Allah does not grant success in righteous deeds to one... 00:01:12.060 --> 00:01:15.939 ...who is a disbeliever in Him and denies His Oneness. 00:01:17.310 --> 00:01:24.829 “Those who believe, and have left their homes and striven with their wealth and their lives in Allah's way are of much greater worth in Allah's sight. These are they who are triumphant.” (9:20) 00:01:25.150 --> 00:01:31.030 “Those who believe, and have left their homes and striven with their wealth and their lives in Allah's way are of much greater worth in Allah's sight. These are they who are triumphant.” (9:20) 00:01:31.030 --> 00:01:35.189 “Those who believe, and have left their homes and striven with their wealth and their lives in Allah's way are of much greater worth in Allah's sight. These are they who are triumphant.” (9:20) 00:01:35.590 --> 00:01:42.510 And it is they who are the successful. 00:01:44.260 --> 00:01:47.700 Those who believed in the Oneness of Allah, unlike the polytheists, 00:01:48.180 --> 00:01:49.980 and emigrated from the homes of their people, 00:01:50.500 --> 00:01:54.859 and strove against the polytheists in the cause of Allah with their wealth and their lives, 00:01:55.299 --> 00:01:58.579 are greater in degree and higher in status before Him 00:01:58.859 --> 00:02:02.260 than those who provide water to the pilgrims and maintain the Sacred Mosque 00:02:02.540 --> 00:02:04.459 while they are polytheists associating partners with Allah. 00:02:05.099 --> 00:02:08.580 And these who have believed, emigrated, and strove, 00:02:09.060 --> 00:02:12.900 are the ones who attain Paradise and are saved from the Fire. 00:02:14.460 --> 00:02:22.020 “Their Lord giveth them good tidings of mercy from Him, and acceptance, and Gardens where enduring pleasure will be theirs;” (9:21) 00:02:22.500 --> 00:02:30.860 “Their Lord giveth them good tidings of mercy from Him, and acceptance, and Gardens where enduring pleasure will be theirs;” (9:21) 00:02:32.189 --> 00:02:37.030 Their Lord gives them glad tidings—those who have believed, emigrated, and strove— 00:02:37.590 --> 00:02:40.509 that He has granted them mercy, sparing them from His punishment, 00:02:40.990 --> 00:02:42.990 and that He is pleased with them. 00:02:43.629 --> 00:02:48.990 He gives them glad tidings of gardens in which they will have bliss that does not cease or perish, 00:02:49.509 --> 00:02:52.069 established and lasting for them forever. 00:02:53.210 --> 00:03:04.090 “There they will abide for ever. Lo! with Allah there is immense reward.” (9:22) 00:03:05.539 --> 00:03:07.900 They will abide in the gardens eternally, 00:03:08.419 --> 00:03:11.060 with no end or limit to that. 00:03:11.780 --> 00:03:18.060 Indeed, Allah has for these believers a great reward for their obedience to their Lord. 00:03:19.699 --> 00:03:35.699 “O ye who believe! Choose not your fathers nor your brethren for friends if they take pleasure in disbelief rather than faith. Whoso of you taketh them for friends, such are wrong-doers.” (9:23) 00:03:36.219 --> 00:03:45.060 “O ye who believe! Choose not your fathers nor your brethren for friends if they take pleasure in disbelief rather than faith. Whoso of you taketh them for friends, such are wrong-doers.” (9:23) 00:03:46.509 --> 00:03:53.110 O you who have believed, do not take your fathers and your brothers as confidants and friends 00:03:53.550 --> 00:03:55.550 if you disclose your secrets to them, 00:03:56.030 --> 00:03:59.229 and reveal to them the vulnerabilities of Islam and its people, 00:03:59.789 --> 00:04:04.550 if they prefer disbelief in Allah over belief in Him and affirmation of His Oneness. 00:04:05.189 --> 00:04:09.349 And whoever among you takes them as confidants instead of the believers, 00:04:09.830 --> 00:04:12.949 then it is they who have disobeyed the command of Allah, 00:04:13.469 --> 00:04:16.110 placing their allegiance in the wrong place, 00:04:16.670 --> 00:04:18.670 and disobeying Allah in His command. 00:04:44.040 --> 00:04:58.279 “Say: If your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your wives, and your tribe, and the wealth ye have acquired, and merchandise for which ye fear that there will no sale, and dwellings ye desire are dearer to you than Allah and His messenger and striving in His way: then wait till Allah bringeth His command to pass. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:24) 00:04:58.839 --> 00:05:06.319 “Say: If your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your wives, and your tribe, and the wealth ye have acquired, and merchandise for which ye fear that there will no sale, and dwellings ye desire are dearer to you than Allah and His messenger and striving in His way: then wait till Allah bringeth His command to pass. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.” (9:24) 00:05:07.000 --> 00:05:12.439 And Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people. 00:05:14.100 --> 00:05:18.500 Say, O Muhammad, to those who lagged behind in emigrating to the land of Islam: 00:05:19.220 --> 00:05:25.699 If staying with your fathers, your sons, your brothers, your wives, and your kin, 00:05:26.339 --> 00:05:28.660 and the wealth you have acquired, 00:05:29.220 --> 00:05:33.339 and the trade you fear will decline if you leave your land, 00:05:33.899 --> 00:05:36.819 and the dwellings you are pleased with and have settled in, 00:05:37.420 --> 00:05:40.819 are more beloved to you than emigration to Allah and His Messenger, 00:05:41.459 --> 00:05:43.980 and striving in support of the religion of Allah, 00:05:44.620 --> 00:05:48.139 then wait until Allah brings about the conquest of Makkah. 00:05:48.819 --> 00:05:54.060 And Allah does not grant success in goodness to those who depart from His obedience and remain in disobedience. 00:05:55.629 --> 00:06:02.350 “Allah hath given you victory on many fields and on the day of Huneyn, when ye exulted in your multitude but it availed you naught, and the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for you; then ye turned back in flight;” (9:25) 00:06:02.350 --> 00:06:08.509 When your great numbers amazed you. 00:06:08.509 --> 00:06:20.509 “Allah hath given you victory on many fields and on the day of Huneyn, when ye exulted in your multitude but it availed you naught, and the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for you; then ye turned back in flight;” (9:25) 00:06:20.509 --> 00:06:25.750 Then you turned back, fleeing. 00:06:27.139 --> 00:06:31.459 Allah has already given you victory, O believers, in many battlefields, 00:06:31.459 --> 00:06:35.379 where you prepared yourselves to meet your enemy. 00:06:35.939 --> 00:06:39.100 And on the day of Hunayn, He also gave you victory, 00:06:39.540 --> 00:06:41.660 when your great numbers amazed you. 00:06:42.259 --> 00:06:46.939 And they were, as it is mentioned to us, 12,000. 00:06:47.860 --> 00:06:50.540 Yet your great numbers did not avail you anything, 00:06:51.100 --> 00:06:53.819 and the earth, despite its vastness, closed in upon you, 00:06:54.459 --> 00:06:58.459 and then you turned back from your enemy, fleeing in defeat. 00:06:59.060 --> 00:07:03.579 For victory is in the hands of Allah, not in the greatness of numbers or the intensity of force. 00:07:04.300 --> 00:07:07.980 And He grants victory to the few over the many if He wills. 00:07:10.430 --> 00:07:19.490 “Then Allah sent His peace of reassurance down upon His messenger and upon the believers, and sent down hosts ye could not see, and punished those who disbelieved. Such is the reward of disbelievers.” (9:26) 00:07:19.970 --> 00:07:25.689 “Then Allah sent His peace of reassurance down upon His messenger and upon the believers, and sent down hosts ye could not see, and punished those who disbelieved. Such is the reward of disbelievers.” (9:26) 00:07:25.689 --> 00:07:28.490 And He punished those who disbelieved. 00:07:28.970 --> 00:07:34.089 That is the recompense of the disbelievers. 00:07:35.500 --> 00:07:39.100 “Allah hath given you victory on many fields and on the day of Huneyn, when ye exulted in your multitude but it availed you naught, and the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for you; then ye turned back in flight;” (9:25) 00:07:39.500 --> 00:07:42.300 And your turning your backs to the enemy, 00:07:42.980 --> 00:07:47.660 Allah removed the affliction from you by sending down tranquility upon you, 00:07:48.259 --> 00:07:51.779 and He sent down soldiers you did not see, which were the angels. 00:07:52.379 --> 00:07:59.660 And Allah punished those who denied His Oneness and the message of His Messenger, Muhammad, peace be upon him, 00:08:00.180 --> 00:08:04.699 through killing, the enslavement of their families, the seizure of wealth, and humiliation. 00:08:05.459 --> 00:08:07.220 This which We did to them 00:08:07.660 --> 00:08:12.139 is the reward for those who deny His Oneness and the message of His Messenger. 00:08:29.699 --> 00:08:34.700 Then Allah, by His grace, grants repentance to whom He wills among the living. 00:08:35.340 --> 00:08:39.019 And Allah is Forgiving of the sins of those who turn and repent to Him, 00:08:39.539 --> 00:08:43.299 Merciful to them, so He does not punish them after their repentance. 00:09:05.690 --> 00:09:16.929 “O ye who believe! The idolaters only are unclean. So let them not come near the Inviolable Place of Worship after this their year. If ye fear poverty (from the loss of their merchandise) Allah shall preserve you of His bounty if He will. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.” (9:28) 00:09:37.200 --> 00:09:41.480 Because the believers feared that the polytheists would be cut off from entering the Sacred Precinct, 00:09:41.879 --> 00:09:43.639 and that their trade would be interrupted. 00:09:44.360 --> 00:09:48.519 Allah will enrich you from His bounty with that which is better for you, 00:09:49.000 --> 00:09:50.039 which is the jizya. 00:09:50.759 --> 00:09:57.960 Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing of what your souls have whispered to you, O believers, of fear of poverty and other things, 00:09:58.600 --> 00:10:01.399 and All-Wise in the management of all His creation. 00:10:07.289 --> 00:10:17.929 “Fight against such of those who have been given the Scripture as believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, and forbid not that which Allah hath forbidden by His messenger, and follow not the Religion of Truth, until they pay the tribute readily, being brought low.” (9:29) 00:10:18.490 --> 00:10:27.129 “Fight against such of those who have been given the Scripture as believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, and forbid not that which Allah hath forbidden by His messenger, and follow not the Religion of Truth, until they pay the tribute readily, being brought low.” (9:29) 00:10:27.610 --> 00:10:34.169 “Fight against such of those who have been given the Scripture as believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, and forbid not that which Allah hath forbidden by His messenger, and follow not the Religion of Truth, until they pay the tribute readily, being brought low.” (9:29) 00:10:38.570 --> 00:10:43.129 They do not believe in Allah, nor do they believe in Paradise or Hell, 00:10:43.690 --> 00:10:46.649 “Fight against such of those who have been given the Scripture as believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, and forbid not that which Allah hath forbidden by His messenger, and follow not the Religion of Truth, until they pay the tribute readily, being brought low.” (9:29) 00:10:47.210 --> 00:10:49.690 nor do they obey Allah with true obedience, 00:10:50.409 --> 00:10:52.490 from those who were given the Book of Allah, 00:10:53.129 --> 00:10:55.289 and they are the people of the Torah and the Gospel, 00:10:55.929 --> 00:11:01.769 until they pay the tribute (jizya) from their hands, which they offer to the Muslims in exchange for protection, 00:11:02.330 --> 00:11:05.210 from hand to hand to the one who collects it from them, 00:11:05.769 --> 00:11:08.009 while they are humbled and subdued. 00:11:09.210 --> 00:11:17.289 The Jews said, "Uzayr is the son of Allah," and the Christians said, "The Messiah is the son of Allah." 00:11:17.850 --> 00:11:22.490 That is their statement from their mouths. 00:11:23.049 --> 00:11:28.649 “And the Jews say: Ezra is the son of Allah, and the Christians say: The Messiah is the son of Allah. That is their saying with their mouths. They imitate the saying of those who disbelieved of old. Allah (Himself) fighteth against them. How perverse are they!” (9:30) 00:11:29.210 --> 00:11:33.049 May Allah destroy them. 00:11:33.529 --> 00:11:37.690 How are they deluded? 00:11:39.100 --> 00:11:44.460 The Jews said, "Uzayr is the son of Allah," lying about Allah and fabricating. 00:11:45.019 --> 00:11:50.539 “And the Jews say: Ezra is the son of Allah, and the Christians say: The Messiah is the son of Allah. That is their saying with their mouths. They imitate the saying of those who disbelieved of old. Allah (Himself) fighteth against them. How perverse are they!” (9:30) 00:11:51.019 --> 00:11:54.860 Their statement resembles that of the Christians in lying about Allah, 00:11:55.259 --> 00:11:58.779 and their attribution of the Messiah as being a son to Allah. 00:11:59.259 --> 00:12:05.580 The Jews lied in their fabrication against Allah by attributing Uzayr as a son to Allah. 00:12:06.059 --> 00:12:11.580 “And the Jews say: Ezra is the son of Allah, and the Christians say: The Messiah is the son of Allah. That is their saying with their mouths. They imitate the saying of those who disbelieved of old. Allah (Himself) fighteth against them. How perverse are they!” (9:30) 00:12:12.059 --> 00:12:16.220 Meaning those who said [about] al-Lat, al-'Uzza, and Manat, 00:12:16.779 --> 00:12:19.980 they imitate with their words the speech of the people of [other] religions. 00:12:20.789 --> 00:12:25.190 May Allah curse them; how are they turned away and diverted? 00:12:25.669 --> 00:12:27.669 And how are they averted from the truth? 00:12:29.429 --> 00:12:39.029 “They have taken as lords beside Allah their rabbis and their monks and the Messiah son of Mary, when they were bidden to worship only One Allah. There is no Allah save Him. Be He Glorified from all that they ascribe as partner (unto Him)!” (9:31) 00:12:39.029 --> 00:12:45.190 “They have taken as lords beside Allah their rabbis and their monks and the Messiah son of Mary, when they were bidden to worship only One Allah. There is no Allah save Him. Be He Glorified from all that they ascribe as partner (unto Him)!” (9:31) 00:12:45.590 --> 00:12:48.629 There is no deity except Him. 00:12:49.110 --> 00:12:54.710 Exalted is He above what they associate with Him. 00:12:56.389 --> 00:12:58.629 The Jews took their scholars, 00:12:59.110 --> 00:13:04.070 and the Christians took the monks and those who strive in their religion, 00:13:04.549 --> 00:13:06.870 as lords besides Allah. 00:13:07.350 --> 00:13:09.429 They obey them in the disobedience of Allah, 00:13:09.909 --> 00:13:13.590 declaring lawful what they made lawful of what Allah had forbidden, 00:13:14.070 --> 00:13:18.230 and forbidding what they forbade of what Allah had made lawful. 00:13:18.950 --> 00:13:22.789 And they took the Messiah, son of Maryam, as lords besides Allah. 00:13:23.509 --> 00:13:26.470 And these Jews and Christians were not commanded 00:13:26.710 --> 00:13:29.509 except to worship one God, 00:13:29.990 --> 00:13:33.669 who is Allah, to whom alone divinity belongs. 00:13:34.309 --> 00:13:39.909 Exalted and purified is Allah from what they associate with Him in His obedience and His Lordship. 00:13:59.000 --> 00:14:05.000 They want to extinguish the light that Allah has made as a radiance for His creation, 00:14:05.399 --> 00:14:09.720 but Allah refuses except to perfect His religion and manifest His word, 00:14:10.200 --> 00:14:14.440 even if the disbelievers and deniers hate Allah's perfection of it. 00:14:15.559 --> 00:14:29.480 It is He who sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth to manifest it over all religion, even if the polytheists hate it. 00:14:31.110 --> 00:14:35.669 Allah is the One who sent His Messenger, Muhammad, peace be upon him, 00:14:36.070 --> 00:14:38.870 with the explanation of the obligations of Allah to His creation, 00:14:39.350 --> 00:14:41.350 and sent him with the religion of truth, 00:14:41.830 --> 00:14:44.710 to elevate Islam over all other religions, 00:14:44.710 --> 00:14:48.870 even if those who associate partners with Allah hate its manifestation over them.