1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,299 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,299 --> 00:00:08,199 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 3 00:00:08,199 --> 00:00:12,789 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 4 00:00:12,789 --> 00:00:19,219 Surah al-Mutaffifin (The Defrauders). 5 00:00:19,219 --> 00:00:22,719 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 6 00:00:22,719 --> 00:00:26,719 Woe to those who give less than due. 7 00:00:26,719 --> 00:00:33,020 “Those who when they take the measure from mankind demand it full,” (83:2) 8 00:00:33,020 --> 00:00:39,020 “But if they measure unto them or weight for them, they cause them loss.” (83:3) 9 00:00:39,020 --> 00:00:44,979 It is the valley of the pus flowing from the inhabitants of Hell, located at its lowest depths. 10 00:00:44,979 --> 00:00:51,479 For those who diminish the rights of people and cheat them in their measures when they measure for them. 11 00:00:51,479 --> 00:00:54,479 Or their scales when they weigh for them. 12 00:00:54,479 --> 00:00:57,509 Withholding the full measure that is due to them. 13 00:00:57,509 --> 00:01:02,009 Those who, when they take a measure from people for a right they are owed. 14 00:01:02,009 --> 00:01:06,510 They demand it in full, receiving their due measure completely. 15 00:01:06,510 --> 00:01:11,510 Yet when they measure or weigh for others, they give them less than what is due. 16 00:01:11,510 --> 00:01:20,400 “Do such (men) not consider that they will be raised again” (83:4) 17 00:01:20,400 --> 00:01:22,900 For a momentous Day. 18 00:01:22,900 --> 00:01:29,400 “The day when (all) mankind stand before the Lord of the Worlds?” (83:6) 19 00:01:29,400 --> 00:01:36,650 Do these defrauders of people in their measures and scales not think? 20 00:01:36,650 --> 00:01:40,650 That they will be resurrected from their graves after their death? 21 00:01:40,650 --> 00:01:45,650 For a Day whose affair is momentous, whose matter is grave, and whose terror is horrific. 22 00:01:45,650 --> 00:01:53,519 “Nay, but the record of the vile is in Sijjin -” (83:7) 23 00:01:53,519 --> 00:01:57,519 “Ah! what will convey unto thee what Sijjin is! -” (83:8) 24 00:01:57,519 --> 00:02:01,519 A written record. 25 00:02:01,519 --> 00:02:07,019 Woe, that Day, to the deniers. 26 00:02:07,019 --> 00:02:11,520 “Those who deny the Day of Judgment” (83:11) 27 00:02:11,520 --> 00:02:17,520 “Which none denieth save each criminal transgressor,” (83:12) 28 00:02:17,520 --> 00:02:24,520 When Our verses are recited to him, he says, "Legends of the former peoples." 29 00:02:24,520 --> 00:02:33,379 No, the matter is not as these disbelievers think—that they will not be resurrected or punished. 30 00:02:33,379 --> 00:02:41,379 Indeed, the record of their deeds, in which their worldly actions were inscribed, is in Sijjin. 31 00:02:41,379 --> 00:02:44,379 Which is the seventh, lowest earth. 32 00:02:44,379 --> 00:02:48,409 And what can make you know, O Muhammad, what that record is? 33 00:02:48,409 --> 00:02:52,409 Then the Almighty, whose mention is exalted, explained it, saying: 34 00:02:52,409 --> 00:02:54,409 A written record. 35 00:02:54,409 --> 00:02:58,409 Woe, that Day, to those who deny these verses. 36 00:02:58,409 --> 00:03:02,409 Those who deny the Day of Recompense and Judgment. 37 00:03:02,409 --> 00:03:06,409 And none denies the Day of Judgment except every transgressor. 38 00:03:06,409 --> 00:03:10,409 Who transgresses against Allah in his speech and opposes His command. 39 00:03:10,409 --> 00:03:12,409 Sinful toward his Lord. 40 00:03:12,409 --> 00:03:18,409 When Our proofs and evidences, which We clarified in Our Book, are recited to him. 41 00:03:18,409 --> 00:03:22,409 The Book which We sent down to Muhammad, peace be upon him. 42 00:03:22,409 --> 00:03:28,409 He says, "These are but the tales of the ancients," which they wrote down from hadiths and reports. 43 00:03:28,409 --> 00:03:37,280 “Nay, but that which they have earned is rust upon their hearts.” (83:14) 44 00:03:37,280 --> 00:03:45,280 “Nay, but surely on that day they will be covered from (the mercy of) their Lord.” (83:15) 45 00:03:45,280 --> 00:03:51,199 Indeed, they will be cast into Hell. 46 00:03:51,199 --> 00:03:58,650 It will be said, "This is what you used to deny." 47 00:03:58,650 --> 00:04:02,610 No, the matter is not as they claim. 48 00:04:02,610 --> 00:04:08,610 Rather, their sins have stained their hearts, overcoming and engulfing them. 49 00:04:08,610 --> 00:04:11,610 Their sins have surrounded them and covered them. 50 00:04:11,610 --> 00:04:16,800 The matter is not as these deniers of the Day of Resurrection say. 51 00:04:16,800 --> 00:04:19,800 That they have a position of closeness with Allah. 52 00:04:19,800 --> 00:04:24,800 Indeed, on that Day, they will be veiled from their Lord, so they will not see Him. 53 00:04:24,800 --> 00:04:28,800 Nor will they see any of His honor reaching them. 54 00:04:28,800 --> 00:04:33,800 Then, they will surely enter Hell and be roasted therein. 55 00:04:33,800 --> 00:04:37,839 Then it will be said to these deniers of the Day of Judgment: 56 00:04:37,839 --> 00:04:40,839 "This punishment that you are in today," 57 00:04:40,839 --> 00:04:46,839 "Is the punishment that you used to claim in the world you would taste." 58 00:04:46,839 --> 00:04:49,839 While you were denying it and rejecting it. 59 00:04:49,839 --> 00:04:53,839 "So taste it now, for you have been scorched by it." 60 00:04:53,839 --> 00:05:01,759 No, indeed, the record of the righteous is in 'Illiyyun. 61 00:05:01,759 --> 00:05:05,759 And what can make you know what 'Illiyyun is? 62 00:05:05,759 --> 00:05:09,759 A written record. 63 00:05:09,759 --> 00:05:13,759 Witnessed by those brought near. 64 00:05:13,759 --> 00:05:22,370 No, indeed, the record of the righteous—those who were dutiful to Allah by performing His obligations and avoiding His prohibitions— 65 00:05:22,370 --> 00:05:24,370 Is in a place of loftiness and elevation. 66 00:05:24,370 --> 00:05:29,370 In a heaven above a heaven, and a height above a height. 67 00:05:29,370 --> 00:05:33,500 And what can make you know, O Muhammad, what 'Illiyyun is? 68 00:05:33,500 --> 00:05:41,500 A written record, containing a guarantee from Allah for them against the Fire on the Day of Resurrection and their success in entering Paradise. 69 00:05:41,500 --> 00:05:48,500 This record, written with Allah’s guarantee for the righteous among His servants against the Fire and for their success in Paradise, is witnessed by: 70 00:05:48,500 --> 00:05:54,500 The angels brought near to Him from every one of the seven heavens. 71 00:05:54,500 --> 00:06:00,839 Indeed, the righteous will be in bliss. 72 00:06:00,839 --> 00:06:05,839 On thrones, observing. 73 00:06:05,839 --> 00:06:12,639 You will recognize in their faces the radiance of bliss. 74 00:06:12,639 --> 00:06:16,639 They will be given to drink of a pure, sealed wine. 75 00:06:16,639 --> 00:06:19,639 The seal of which is musk. 76 00:06:19,639 --> 00:06:24,639 “Whose seal is musk - for this let (all) those strive who strive for bliss -” (83:26) 77 00:06:24,639 --> 00:06:29,639 And its mixture is from Tasnim. 78 00:06:29,639 --> 00:06:35,639 “A spring whence those brought near (to Allah) drink.” (83:28) 79 00:06:35,639 --> 00:06:42,600 Indeed, the righteous—those who were dutiful by fearing Allah and performing His obligations— 80 00:06:42,600 --> 00:06:47,600 Will be in everlasting bliss that does not cease on the Day of Resurrection. 81 00:06:47,600 --> 00:06:50,600 That is their bliss in the Gardens. 82 00:06:50,600 --> 00:06:54,600 On couches within pavilions of pearl and chrysolite. 83 00:06:54,600 --> 00:07:00,600 Looking at the honor, bliss, and joy that Allah has granted them in the Gardens. 84 00:07:00,600 --> 00:07:06,600 You will recognize in the righteous, whom Allah has described, the radiance of bliss. 85 00:07:06,600 --> 00:07:10,600 Meaning its beauty, luster, and brilliance. 86 00:07:10,600 --> 00:07:15,600 They are given this pure wine, unadulterated. 87 00:07:15,600 --> 00:07:20,600 Its end and final result is musk, for it is pleasant in scent. 88 00:07:20,600 --> 00:07:25,600 Its scent at the end of their drinking is sealed with the fragrance of musk. 89 00:07:25,600 --> 00:07:33,670 And in this bliss, which the Almighty has described as what He gives these righteous ones in the Resurrection, 90 00:07:33,670 --> 00:07:38,670 Let people strive for it, and toward it let them compete in seeking it. 91 00:07:38,670 --> 00:07:42,670 Let their souls be eager for it; and the mixture of this pure wine— 92 00:07:42,670 --> 00:07:47,670 Is from a spring that descends upon them from above. 93 00:07:47,670 --> 00:07:53,670 Those brought near to Allah drink it pure, and it is mixed for the people of Paradise. 94 00:07:53,670 --> 00:08:03,269 “Lo! the guilty used to laugh at those who believed,” (83:29) 95 00:08:03,269 --> 00:08:08,269 “And wink one to another when they passed them;” (83:30) 96 00:08:08,269 --> 00:08:15,269 “And when they returned to their own folk, they returned jesting;” (83:31) 97 00:08:15,269 --> 00:08:22,269 And when they saw them, they said, "Indeed, these are astray." 98 00:08:22,269 --> 00:08:29,730 “Yet they were not sent as guardians over them.” (83:33) 99 00:08:29,730 --> 00:08:35,559 Indeed, those who committed sins and disbelieved in Allah in the world, 100 00:08:35,559 --> 00:08:41,559 Used to laugh at those who affirmed the oneness of Allah and believed in Him. 101 00:08:41,559 --> 00:08:44,559 Mocking them. 102 00:08:44,559 --> 00:08:49,559 And when those who committed crimes passed by the believers, 103 00:08:49,559 --> 00:08:54,559 Some of them would wink at others in mockery and derision. 104 00:08:54,559 --> 00:09:00,559 And when these criminals returned to their families from their gatherings, 105 00:09:00,559 --> 00:09:03,559 They returned feeling delighted and self-satisfied. 106 00:09:03,559 --> 00:09:07,559 And when the criminals saw the believers, they said to them: 107 00:09:07,559 --> 00:09:12,559 "Indeed, these are astray from the path of truth and the straight way." 108 00:09:12,559 --> 00:09:15,559 Yet these disbelievers were not sent— 109 00:09:15,559 --> 00:09:19,559 Those who say to the believers, "Indeed, these are astray"— 110 00:09:19,559 --> 00:09:22,559 As guardians over their deeds. 111 00:09:22,559 --> 00:09:27,559 They were only tasked with believing in Allah and acting in obedience to Him. 112 00:09:27,559 --> 00:09:30,559 And they were not made overseers over others, 113 00:09:30,559 --> 00:09:34,559 To watch over their deeds and scrutinize them. 114 00:09:54,159 --> 00:09:58,159 So on the Day of Resurrection, those who believed in Allah in the world, 115 00:09:58,159 --> 00:10:00,159 Will laugh at the disbelievers. 116 00:10:00,159 --> 00:10:03,159 While they are on their thrones in the pavilions, 117 00:10:03,159 --> 00:10:06,159 Looking at them while they are in Paradise, 118 00:10:06,159 --> 00:10:09,159 And the disbelievers are being punished in the Fire. 119 00:10:09,159 --> 00:10:15,159 Have the disbelievers been rewarded for what they used to do in the world to the believers? 120 00:10:15,159 --> 00:10:19,159 By their mockery of them and their laughter at them, 121 00:10:19,159 --> 00:10:22,159 With the laughter of the believers at them in the Hereafter?