WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.399 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.399 --> 00:00:08.560 The Abridgment of Tafsir al-Tabari, 00:00:08.560 --> 00:00:14.109 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.109 --> 00:00:17.670 Surah Al 'Imran. 00:00:17.670 --> 00:00:22.269 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:22.269 --> 00:00:27.579 “When ye climbed (the hill) and paid no heed to anyone, while the messenger, in your rear, was calling you (to fight). Therefor He rewarded you grief for (his) grief, that (He might teach) you not to sorrow either for that which ye missed or for that which befell you. Allah is Informed of what ye do.” (3:153) 00:00:27.579 --> 00:00:31.980 “When ye climbed (the hill) and paid no heed to anyone, while the messenger, in your rear, was calling you (to fight). Therefor He rewarded you grief for (his) grief, that (He might teach) you not to sorrow either for that which ye missed or for that which befell you. Allah is Informed of what ye do.” (3:153) 00:00:32.179 --> 00:00:35.979 “When ye climbed (the hill) and paid no heed to anyone, while the messenger, in your rear, was calling you (to fight). Therefor He rewarded you grief for (his) grief, that (He might teach) you not to sorrow either for that which ye missed or for that which befell you. Allah is Informed of what ye do.” (3:153) 00:00:35.979 --> 00:00:40.380 ﴿So He repaid you with sorrow upon sorrow, 00:00:40.380 --> 00:00:44.780 so that you would not grieve 00:00:44.780 --> 00:00:46.579 over what escaped you 00:00:46.579 --> 00:00:49.380 nor what befell you, 00:00:49.380 --> 00:00:55.179 and Allah is fully aware of all that you do.﴾ 00:00:56.420 --> 00:00:59.219 Indeed, He has pardoned you, O believers, 00:00:59.219 --> 00:01:01.820 when you were rushing up into the valley 00:01:01.820 --> 00:01:04.620 paying no heed to anyone among you, 00:01:04.620 --> 00:01:07.219 nor turning around to look at one another 00:01:07.219 --> 00:01:09.420 as you fled from your enemy, 00:01:09.420 --> 00:01:12.019 while the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:01:12.019 --> 00:01:14.420 was calling out to you from behind: 00:01:14.420 --> 00:01:18.420 "To me, O servants of Allah!" 00:01:18.420 --> 00:01:20.420 Thus He recompensed you, O believers, 00:01:20.420 --> 00:01:22.219 for fleeing from your Prophet 00:01:22.219 --> 00:01:24.420 and losing heart before your enemy, 00:01:24.420 --> 00:01:26.420 with grief piled upon grief: 00:01:26.420 --> 00:01:28.219 by Allah depriving you 00:01:28.219 --> 00:01:31.420 of the spoils of the polytheists and victory over them; 00:01:31.420 --> 00:01:35.219 by the killing and wounds that befell you on that day; 00:01:35.219 --> 00:01:37.420 by the anguish of your belief that your Prophet, 00:01:37.420 --> 00:01:40.620 peace be upon him, had been killed; 00:01:40.620 --> 00:01:42.420 and by the enemy charging down upon you 00:01:42.420 --> 00:01:44.819 following your rout before them— 00:01:44.819 --> 00:01:46.219 all so that you would not grieve 00:01:46.219 --> 00:01:47.819 over what escaped you 00:01:47.819 --> 00:01:49.019 and which you failed to attain 00:01:49.019 --> 00:01:50.620 of what you had hoped 00:01:50.620 --> 00:01:52.819 to achieve against your enemy 00:01:52.819 --> 00:01:54.019 by triumphing over them 00:01:54.019 --> 00:01:56.219 and taking their spoils, 00:01:56.219 --> 00:01:58.819 nor over what struck you in your own persons, 00:01:58.819 --> 00:02:00.420 such as the wounding of those who were wounded 00:02:00.420 --> 00:02:03.620 and the killing of those who were slain among your brethren. 00:02:03.620 --> 00:02:05.420 And Allah, of all that you do, 00:02:05.420 --> 00:02:06.620 O believers, 00:02:06.620 --> 00:02:08.620 is All-Aware and All-Knowing; 00:02:08.620 --> 00:02:11.219 He keeps full record of it all against you 00:02:11.219 --> 00:02:14.330 so that He may recompense you for it. 00:02:14.330 --> 00:02:17.969 ﴿Then He sent down upon you, 00:02:17.969 --> 00:02:20.370 after sorrow, 00:02:20.370 --> 00:02:26.569 security—a slumber 00:02:26.569 --> 00:02:32.370 overcoming a party of you, 00:02:32.370 --> 00:02:35.169 while another party 00:02:35.169 --> 00:02:38.569 was cared for only by themselves, 00:02:38.569 --> 00:02:44.370 harboring thoughts about Allah 00:02:44.370 --> 00:02:45.569 other than the truth, 00:02:45.569 --> 00:02:48.969 the thoughts of the Age of Ignorance, 00:02:48.969 --> 00:02:50.969 saying, "Do we have any share 00:02:50.969 --> 00:02:54.569 “Then, after grief, He sent down security for you. As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance. They said: Have we any part in the cause? Say (O Muhammad): The cause belongeth wholly to Allah. They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying: Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here. Say: Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts. Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).” (3:154) 00:02:54.569 --> 00:03:00.370 “Then, after grief, He sent down security for you. As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance. They said: Have we any part in the cause? Say (O Muhammad): The cause belongeth wholly to Allah. They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying: Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here. Say: Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts. Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).” (3:154) 00:03:00.370 --> 00:03:03.770 They hide within themselves 00:03:03.770 --> 00:03:06.370 “Then, after grief, He sent down security for you. As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance. They said: Have we any part in the cause? Say (O Muhammad): The cause belongeth wholly to Allah. They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying: Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here. Say: Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts. Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).” (3:154) 00:03:06.370 --> 00:03:08.969 “Then, after grief, He sent down security for you. As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance. They said: Have we any part in the cause? Say (O Muhammad): The cause belongeth wholly to Allah. They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying: Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here. Say: Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts. Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).” (3:154) 00:03:08.969 --> 00:03:11.169 in the matter at all?" 00:03:11.169 --> 00:03:14.370 "We would not have been killed here." 00:03:14.370 --> 00:03:16.569 Say, "Even if you had been 00:03:16.569 --> 00:03:17.969 in your homes, 00:03:17.969 --> 00:03:20.969 “Then, after grief, He sent down security for you. As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance. They said: Have we any part in the cause? Say (O Muhammad): The cause belongeth wholly to Allah. They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying: Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here. Say: Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts. Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).” (3:154) 00:03:20.969 --> 00:03:24.370 death would have marched to their resting places." 00:03:24.370 --> 00:03:28.169 “Then, after grief, He sent down security for you. As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance. They said: Have we any part in the cause? Say (O Muhammad): The cause belongeth wholly to Allah. They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying: Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here. Say: Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts. Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).” (3:154) 00:03:28.169 --> 00:03:32.169 “Then, after grief, He sent down security for you. As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance. They said: Have we any part in the cause? Say (O Muhammad): The cause belongeth wholly to Allah. They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying: Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here. Say: Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts. Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).” (3:154) 00:03:32.169 --> 00:03:38.909 And Allah is All-Knowing of what is in the breasts.﴾ 00:03:38.909 --> 00:03:41.110 Then, O believers, Allah sent down 00:03:41.110 --> 00:03:42.909 security following that grief 00:03:42.909 --> 00:03:46.310 upon the people of sincerity and conviction among you; 00:03:46.310 --> 00:03:47.909 this security was a slumber 00:03:47.909 --> 00:03:50.909 that overcame this group of believers. 00:03:50.909 --> 00:03:53.509 As for the other faction, they were the hypocrites, 00:03:53.509 --> 00:03:56.110 concerned with nothing but their own skins; 00:03:56.110 --> 00:03:58.710 out of dread of being killed 00:03:58.710 --> 00:04:01.909 and sheer terror of death, they were so distracted 00:04:01.909 --> 00:04:04.509 that sleep vanished entirely from their eyes. 00:04:04.509 --> 00:04:07.710 They harbored false assumptions about Allah, 00:04:07.710 --> 00:04:11.110 the assumptions of the Jahiliyyah held by the people of polytheism, 00:04:11.110 --> 00:04:12.909 doubting the command of Allah 00:04:12.909 --> 00:04:16.910 and belying His Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:04:16.910 --> 00:04:20.709 They said, "We have no say in the matter at all," 00:04:20.709 --> 00:04:23.509 “Then, after grief, He sent down security for you. As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance. They said: Have we any part in the cause? Say (O Muhammad): The cause belongeth wholly to Allah. They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying: Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here. Say: Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts. Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).” (3:154) 00:04:23.509 --> 00:04:25.910 meaning: "Had we had any say in the decision, 00:04:25.910 --> 00:04:28.110 we would not have marched out to fight." 00:04:28.110 --> 00:04:29.310 They conceal, O Muhammad— 00:04:29.310 --> 00:04:32.110 those hypocrites—within themselves 00:04:32.110 --> 00:04:34.110 their disbelief and doubt in Allah. 00:04:34.110 --> 00:04:36.110 “Then, after grief, He sent down security for you. As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance. They said: Have we any part in the cause? Say (O Muhammad): The cause belongeth wholly to Allah. They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying: Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here. Say: Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts. Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).” (3:154) 00:04:36.110 --> 00:04:37.509 They say, 00:04:37.509 --> 00:04:39.509 "Had going out to fight 00:04:39.509 --> 00:04:41.110 those whom we marched out to combat 00:04:41.110 --> 00:04:43.310 among the polytheists been left up to us, 00:04:43.310 --> 00:04:45.310 we would not have marched out against them, 00:04:45.310 --> 00:04:47.740 and none of us would have been slain." 00:04:47.740 --> 00:04:49.540 Say, O Muhammad: 00:04:49.540 --> 00:04:51.339 “Then, after grief, He sent down security for you. As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance. They said: Have we any part in the cause? Say (O Muhammad): The cause belongeth wholly to Allah. They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying: Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here. Say: Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts. Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).” (3:154) 00:04:51.339 --> 00:04:54.540 Even if you had not taken your stand alongside the believers, 00:04:54.540 --> 00:04:57.139 those decreed 00:04:57.139 --> 00:04:58.339 to fall in battle 00:04:58.339 --> 00:04:59.740 among them, upon whom 00:04:59.740 --> 00:05:01.540 death was decreed, 00:05:01.540 --> 00:05:03.139 would surely have gone forth to the very spot 00:05:03.139 --> 00:05:04.540 where it was destined 00:05:04.540 --> 00:05:06.339 for them to be struck down. 00:05:06.339 --> 00:05:07.540 And that Allah might test 00:05:07.540 --> 00:05:10.139 the doubt that is in your breasts 00:05:10.139 --> 00:05:12.139 and distinguish it by what He exposes 00:05:12.139 --> 00:05:14.740 of your hypocrisy to the believers, 00:05:14.740 --> 00:05:16.939 so that they may clearly see what lies in your hearts 00:05:16.939 --> 00:05:18.540 regarding faith in Allah 00:05:18.540 --> 00:05:21.339 and His Messenger, peace be upon him, 00:05:21.339 --> 00:05:25.139 and whether you bear enmity or loyalty toward the believers. 00:05:25.139 --> 00:05:26.540 And Allah is All-Knowing 00:05:26.540 --> 00:05:28.540 of all that is inside the breasts of His creation, 00:05:28.540 --> 00:05:29.939 whether good or evil, 00:05:29.939 --> 00:05:31.939 faith or disbelief; 00:05:31.939 --> 00:05:36.019 nothing whatsoever of their affairs is hidden from Him. 00:05:36.019 --> 00:05:40.220 “Lo! those of you who turned back on the day when the two hosts met, Satan alone it was who caused them to backslide, because of some of that which they have earned. Now Allah hath forgiven them. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Clement.” (3:155) 00:05:40.220 --> 00:05:42.220 ﴿...on the day the two hosts met, 00:05:42.220 --> 00:05:46.220 Satan only caused them to slip 00:05:46.220 --> 00:05:49.620 Satan only caused them to slip 00:05:49.620 --> 00:05:52.620 because of some of what they had earned; 00:05:52.620 --> 00:05:55.819 but Allah has already pardoned them. 00:05:55.819 --> 00:06:02.500 Indeed, Allah is Forgiving, Forbearing.﴾ 00:06:02.500 --> 00:06:04.899 Truly, those who turned their backs on the polytheists 00:06:04.899 --> 00:06:06.500 among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, 00:06:06.500 --> 00:06:08.300 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:06:08.300 --> 00:06:09.899 on the day of Uhud, 00:06:09.899 --> 00:06:11.899 and were routed when the two hosts met— 00:06:11.899 --> 00:06:13.100 the army of the polytheists 00:06:13.100 --> 00:06:15.300 and that of the Muslims at Uhud— 00:06:15.300 --> 00:06:18.100 Satan only led them into that stumble 00:06:18.100 --> 00:06:20.899 on account of some of the sins they had committed. 00:06:20.899 --> 00:06:23.300 Yet Allah has indeed pardoned those 00:06:23.300 --> 00:06:26.500 “Lo! those of you who turned back on the day when the two hosts met, Satan alone it was who caused them to backslide, because of some of that which they have earned. Now Allah hath forgiven them. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Clement.” (3:155) 00:06:26.500 --> 00:06:28.899 For Allah covers the sins 00:06:28.899 --> 00:06:29.899 of whoever believes in Him 00:06:29.899 --> 00:06:32.500 and follows His Messenger, by His pardon; 00:06:32.500 --> 00:06:34.500 He is Forebearing, never hastening 00:06:34.500 --> 00:06:37.610 to exact retribution against those who disobey Him. 00:06:37.610 --> 00:06:40.209 ﴿O you who have believed, 00:06:40.209 --> 00:06:43.410 do not be like those who disbelieved 00:06:43.410 --> 00:06:45.610 and said to their brethren 00:06:46.209 --> 00:06:48.410 and said to their brethren 00:06:48.410 --> 00:06:50.610 “O ye who believe! Be not as those who disbelieved and said of their brethren who went abroad in the land or were fighting in the field: If they had been (here) with us they would not have died or been killed: that Allah may make it anguish in their hearts. Allah giveth life and causeth death; and Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (3:156) 00:06:50.610 --> 00:06:52.209 or were on a military expedition: 00:06:52.209 --> 00:07:00.009 “O ye who believe! Be not as those who disbelieved and said of their brethren who went abroad in the land or were fighting in the field: If they had been (here) with us they would not have died or been killed: that Allah may make it anguish in their hearts. Allah giveth life and causeth death; and Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (3:156) 00:07:00.009 --> 00:07:01.410 "nor would they have been killed"— 00:07:01.410 --> 00:07:03.410 so that Allah may make that 00:07:03.410 --> 00:07:07.009 a regret in their hearts. 00:07:07.009 --> 00:07:11.009 And Allah gives life and causes death, 00:07:11.009 --> 00:07:16.939 and Allah is All-Seeing of what you do.﴾ 00:07:16.939 --> 00:07:18.339 O you who have 00:07:18.339 --> 00:07:20.540 affirmed the truth of Allah and His Messenger! 00:07:20.540 --> 00:07:22.939 Do not be like those who disbelieved in Allah 00:07:22.939 --> 00:07:24.339 and in His Messenger, 00:07:24.339 --> 00:07:25.939 and said regarding their brethren 00:07:25.939 --> 00:07:27.339 among the disbelievers 00:07:27.339 --> 00:07:28.939 “O ye who believe! Be not as those who disbelieved and said of their brethren who went abroad in the land or were fighting in the field: If they had been (here) with us they would not have died or been killed: that Allah may make it anguish in their hearts. Allah giveth life and causeth death; and Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (3:156) 00:07:28.939 --> 00:07:30.540 who departed from their homelands, 00:07:30.540 --> 00:07:32.339 traveling for trade, 00:07:32.339 --> 00:07:33.939 or whose departure 00:07:33.939 --> 00:07:35.740 from their land was for battle, 00:07:35.740 --> 00:07:37.540 and then died on their journey 00:07:37.540 --> 00:07:39.939 or were killed in their raid: 00:07:40.139 --> 00:07:42.740 "Had they not gone out from our presence, 00:07:42.740 --> 00:07:44.939 “O ye who believe! Be not as those who disbelieved and said of their brethren who went abroad in the land or were fighting in the field: If they had been (here) with us they would not have died or been killed: that Allah may make it anguish in their hearts. Allah giveth life and causeth death; and Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (3:156) 00:07:44.939 --> 00:07:47.339 That Allah might make that statement of theirs 00:07:47.339 --> 00:07:50.139 a source of grief and sorrow in their hearts. 00:07:50.139 --> 00:07:53.139 Yet they are ignorant that all of that belongs to Allah alone; 00:07:53.139 --> 00:07:54.939 for Allah is the One who brings about death 00:07:54.939 --> 00:07:57.540 for whomever He wills, whence He wills, 00:07:57.540 --> 00:08:00.740 and causes to die whomever He wills, however He wills. 00:08:00.740 --> 00:08:02.740 Indeed, Allah sees all that you do, 00:08:02.740 --> 00:08:04.540 both good and evil; 00:08:04.540 --> 00:08:06.939 so fear Him, O believers, 00:08:06.939 --> 00:08:09.740 for He records all of it 00:08:09.740 --> 00:08:12.939 to requite every doer according to his deeds. 00:08:13.759 --> 00:08:17.759 “And what though ye be slain in Allah's way or die therein? Surely pardon from Allah and mercy are better than all that they amass.” (3:157) 00:08:17.759 --> 00:08:18.759 ﴿...or you die, 00:08:18.759 --> 00:08:25.360 forgiveness from Allah...﴾ 00:08:25.360 --> 00:08:31.860 “And what though ye be slain in Allah's way or die therein? Surely pardon from Allah and mercy are better than all that they amass.” (3:157) 00:08:32.059 --> 00:08:34.460 “And what though ye be slain in Allah's way or die therein? Surely pardon from Allah and mercy are better than all that they amass.” (3:157) 00:08:34.460 --> 00:08:35.659 or if you die, 00:08:35.659 --> 00:08:37.460 Allah will surely grant you forgiveness 00:08:37.460 --> 00:08:39.259 and will surely have mercy upon you, 00:08:39.259 --> 00:08:41.659 and that forgiveness and mercy 00:08:41.659 --> 00:08:44.610 are far better than all that they amass. 00:08:44.610 --> 00:08:48.210 ﴿And whether you die or are killed, 00:08:48.210 --> 00:08:51.409 unto Allah you will surely be gathered.﴾ 00:08:51.889 --> 00:08:53.889 And whether you die or are slain, 00:08:53.889 --> 00:08:55.490 O believers, 00:08:55.490 --> 00:08:57.490 to Allah alone is your return 00:08:57.490 --> 00:08:58.690 and your gathering, 00:08:58.690 --> 00:09:01.940 whereupon He will recompense you for your deeds. 00:09:01.940 --> 00:09:05.740 “It was by the mercy of Allah that thou wast lenient with them (O Muhammad), for if thou hadst been stern and fierce of heart they would have dispersed from round about thee. So pardon them and ask forgiveness for them and consult with them upon the conduct of affairs. And when thou art resolved, then put thy trust in Allah. Lo! Allah loveth those who put their trust (in Him).” (3:159) 00:09:05.740 --> 00:09:08.340 ﴿...you were gentle with them. 00:09:08.539 --> 00:09:12.539 And had you been harsh and hard-hearted, 00:09:12.539 --> 00:09:16.139 they would have disbanded from around you. 00:09:16.139 --> 00:09:17.539 So pardon them 00:09:17.539 --> 00:09:19.340 and ask forgiveness for them 00:09:19.340 --> 00:09:22.139 and consult them in the matter. 00:09:22.139 --> 00:09:23.539 Then when you have resolved, 00:09:23.539 --> 00:09:27.539 put your trust in Allah.﴾ 00:09:27.539 --> 00:09:35.330 “It was by the mercy of Allah that thou wast lenient with them (O Muhammad), for if thou hadst been stern and fierce of heart they would have dispersed from round about thee. So pardon them and ask forgiveness for them and consult with them upon the conduct of affairs. And when thou art resolved, then put thy trust in Allah. Lo! Allah loveth those who put their trust (in Him).” (3:159) 00:09:35.330 --> 00:09:36.929 So it was by mercy from Allah that 00:09:36.929 --> 00:09:38.529 you were gentle with your companions, 00:09:38.730 --> 00:09:41.129 showing them your noble character, 00:09:41.129 --> 00:09:42.730 to the point of bearing with patience the hurt 00:09:42.730 --> 00:09:45.019 that you endured from them. 00:09:45.019 --> 00:09:46.620 And had you been severe of heart, 00:09:46.620 --> 00:09:49.019 void of mercy and compassion, 00:09:49.019 --> 00:09:51.090 they would surely have dispersed from around you. 00:09:51.090 --> 00:09:52.490 Therefore, O Muhammad, overlook 00:09:52.490 --> 00:09:53.490 on the part of your companions 00:09:53.490 --> 00:09:55.690 whatever harm has reached you from them, 00:09:55.690 --> 00:09:58.289 supplicate your Lord to grant them forgiveness, 00:09:58.289 --> 00:10:00.289 And consult them in whatever distresses you 00:10:00.289 --> 00:10:01.889 regarding the enemy's affairs. 00:10:01.889 --> 00:10:03.289 Then, once your resolve is firmly established 00:10:03.289 --> 00:10:04.889 through Our making you steadfast 00:10:04.889 --> 00:10:06.690 and guiding you aright, 00:10:06.690 --> 00:10:08.889 proceed with what We have commanded you, 00:10:08.889 --> 00:10:10.690 and rely upon Allah in all that you undertake 00:10:10.690 --> 00:10:12.690 and all that you leave aside; 00:10:12.690 --> 00:10:15.090 place your trust entirely in Him in all of that, 00:10:15.090 --> 00:10:19.259 for indeed, Allah loves those who rely upon Him. 00:10:19.259 --> 00:10:22.659 If Allah helps you, 00:10:22.659 --> 00:10:25.460 none can overcome you; 00:10:25.460 --> 00:10:27.460 but if He forsakes you, 00:10:27.460 --> 00:10:31.259 “If Allah is your helper none can overcome you, and if He withdraw His help from you, who is there who can help you after Him? In Allah let believers put their trust.” (3:160) 00:10:31.259 --> 00:10:33.460 who is there that can help you after Him? 00:10:33.460 --> 00:10:34.659 And upon Allah alone 00:10:34.659 --> 00:10:40.899 let the believers rely. 00:10:40.899 --> 00:10:42.299 If Allah grants you victory, 00:10:42.299 --> 00:10:43.500 O believers, 00:10:43.500 --> 00:10:45.299 over those who oppose you, 00:10:45.299 --> 00:10:46.899 then no one shall ever defeat you, 00:10:46.899 --> 00:10:48.899 as long as you adhere to His command 00:10:48.899 --> 00:10:50.700 and remain upright in obedience to Him 00:10:50.700 --> 00:10:52.730 and in obedience to His Messenger. 00:10:52.730 --> 00:10:54.330 But if your Lord forsakes you 00:10:54.330 --> 00:10:56.129 due to your defying His command 00:10:56.129 --> 00:10:57.730 and abandoning obedience to Him 00:10:57.730 --> 00:10:59.330 and to His Messenger, 00:10:59.330 --> 00:11:02.159 He will leave you to yourselves; 00:11:02.159 --> 00:11:04.759 so despair then of any help from people. 00:11:04.759 --> 00:11:06.159 Rather, upon your Lord alone, 00:11:06.159 --> 00:11:07.360 O believers, 00:11:07.360 --> 00:11:08.759 place your trust, 00:11:08.759 --> 00:11:10.360 be well-pleased with Him, 00:11:10.360 --> 00:11:13.779 and submit to His decree. 00:11:13.779 --> 00:11:18.980 “It is not for any prophet to embezzle. Whoso embezzleth will bring what he embezzled with him on the Day of Resurrection. Then every soul will be paid in full what it hath earned; and they will not be wronged.” (3:161) 00:11:18.980 --> 00:11:20.779 And whoever defrauds 00:11:20.779 --> 00:11:24.580 “It is not for any prophet to embezzle. Whoso embezzleth will bring what he embezzled with him on the Day of Resurrection. Then every soul will be paid in full what it hath earned; and they will not be wronged.” (3:161) 00:11:24.580 --> 00:11:29.379 then every soul will be repaid in full for what it has earned, 00:11:29.379 --> 00:11:33.289 and they will not be wronged. 00:11:33.289 --> 00:11:34.690 It is not fitting for any prophet 00:11:34.690 --> 00:11:36.289 to betray his companions 00:11:36.289 --> 00:11:38.289 regarding what Allah has bestowed upon them as spoils of war 00:11:38.289 --> 00:11:40.690 from the wealth of their enemies. 00:11:40.690 --> 00:11:42.289 And whoever defrauds anything of the spoils 00:11:42.289 --> 00:11:44.490 of the Muslims or their war booty, 00:11:44.490 --> 00:11:45.889 or anything else, 00:11:45.889 --> 00:11:47.889 will bring what he embezzled on the Day of Resurrection, 00:11:47.889 --> 00:11:49.289 to the Gathering. 00:11:49.289 --> 00:11:51.090 Then every soul will be given 00:11:51.090 --> 00:11:52.490 the full recompense of what it earned 00:11:52.490 --> 00:11:55.490 through its deeds, in full, without any diminution; 00:11:55.490 --> 00:11:56.690 nothing will be done to them 00:11:56.690 --> 00:11:58.090 except what is rightfully due 00:11:58.090 --> 00:11:59.289 to be done to them, 00:11:59.289 --> 00:12:01.690 without any injustice being committed against them. 00:12:05.950 --> 00:12:17.350 “Is one who followeth the pleasure of Allah as one who hath earned condemnation from Allah, whose habitation is the Fire, a hapless journey's end?” (3:162) 00:12:17.350 --> 00:12:20.549 and his refuge is Hellfire, 00:12:20.549 --> 00:12:25.019 and wretched is the destination. 00:12:25.019 --> 00:12:26.620 Is one who refrains from defrauding 00:12:26.620 --> 00:12:28.419 and from what Allah has forbidden 00:12:28.419 --> 00:12:29.620 of acts of disobedience, 00:12:29.620 --> 00:12:31.620 and acts in obedience to Allah, 00:12:31.620 --> 00:12:33.620 pursuing in all of that 00:12:33.620 --> 00:12:36.220 the pleasure of Allah and avoiding His wrath, 00:12:36.220 --> 00:12:40.220 like one who returns laden with the displeasure and anger of Allah, 00:12:40.220 --> 00:12:42.820 having rightfully earned Hell as an abode? 00:12:42.820 --> 00:12:46.600 And wretched is the destination to which he arrives! 00:12:46.600 --> 00:12:52.200 “There are degrees (of grace and reprobation) with Allah, and Allah is Seer of what they do.” (3:163) 00:12:52.200 --> 00:12:57.600 And Allah is All-Seeing of what they do. 00:12:57.600 --> 00:13:00.539 “Is one who followeth the pleasure of Allah as one who hath earned condemnation from Allah, whose habitation is the Fire, a hapless journey's end?” (3:162) 00:13:00.539 --> 00:13:03.139 And whoever incurs the wrath of Allah— 00:13:03.139 --> 00:13:05.940 they hold differing ranks with Allah; 00:13:06.139 --> 00:13:09.340 for whoever pursues the good pleasure of Allah, there is honor, 00:13:09.340 --> 00:13:13.139 and for whoever incurs the wrath of Allah, there is humiliation. 00:13:13.139 --> 00:13:14.340 And it is said 00:13:14.340 --> 00:13:17.539 the meaning is: they have varying degrees before Allah. 00:13:17.539 --> 00:13:19.740 And Allah is All-Knowing of what they do, 00:13:19.740 --> 00:13:22.929 both the people of His obedience and of His disobedience. 00:13:22.929 --> 00:13:26.529 “Allah verily hath shown grace to the believers by sending unto them a messenger of their own who reciteth unto them His revelations, and causeth them to grow, and teacheth them the Scripture and wisdom; although before (he came to them) they were in flagrant error.” (3:164) 00:13:26.529 --> 00:13:36.730 “Allah verily hath shown grace to the believers by sending unto them a messenger of their own who reciteth unto them His revelations, and causeth them to grow, and teacheth them the Scripture and wisdom; although before (he came to them) they were in flagrant error.” (3:164) 00:13:36.730 --> 00:13:43.129 reciting to them His verses, 00:13:43.129 --> 00:13:45.929 purifying them, and teaching them 00:13:45.929 --> 00:13:51.529 the Book and wisdom, 00:13:51.529 --> 00:13:54.529 although they were before that 00:13:55.529 --> 00:14:02.000 Allah has indeed bestowed a great favor upon the believers 00:14:02.000 --> 00:14:05.799 when He sent among them a prophet from their own tongue, 00:14:05.799 --> 00:14:09.399 reciting to them the verses of His Book and His revelation, 00:14:09.399 --> 00:14:11.799 purifying them from their sins, 00:14:11.799 --> 00:14:15.000 teaching them the Book of Allah and its meanings, 00:14:15.000 --> 00:14:17.000 and teaching them the Sunnah, 00:14:17.000 --> 00:14:20.600 whereas before Allah favored them 00:14:20.600 --> 00:14:22.200 by sending His Messenger, 00:14:22.200 --> 00:14:23.399 they were in manifest ignorance, 00:14:23.600 --> 00:14:28.200 clear to anyone who reflects on it with reason and considers it with understanding, 00:14:28.200 --> 00:14:32.669 showing that they possessed neither uprightness nor guidance. 00:14:32.669 --> 00:14:37.269 Why is it that when a disaster struck you, 00:14:37.269 --> 00:14:43.470 although you had struck [the enemy] with twice as much, 00:14:43.470 --> 00:14:47.070 you said, "Where did this come from?" 00:14:47.070 --> 00:14:51.669 “And was it so, when a disaster smote you, though ye had smitten (them with a disaster) twice (as great), that ye said: How is this? Say (unto them, O Muhammad): It is from yourselves. Lo! Allah is Able to do all things.” (3:165) 00:14:51.669 --> 00:14:59.179 Indeed, Allah is over all things competent. 00:14:59.179 --> 00:15:03.580 That is: when a calamity befell you, O believers, at Uhud, 00:15:03.580 --> 00:15:07.779 you, O believers, had already inflicted upon the polytheists 00:15:07.779 --> 00:15:12.179 twice the like of this calamity which they inflicted upon you, 00:15:12.179 --> 00:15:15.179 which was the blow struck by the Muslims 00:15:15.179 --> 00:15:17.379 against the polytheists at Badr, 00:15:17.379 --> 00:15:20.580 in that they killed seventy of them 00:15:20.779 --> 00:15:22.580 and took seventy captive. 00:15:22.580 --> 00:15:26.580 Yet you said, when your calamity struck you at Uhud, 00:15:26.580 --> 00:15:29.980 "How and from where did this happen to us, 00:15:29.980 --> 00:15:32.779 while we are Muslims and they are polytheists, 00:15:32.779 --> 00:15:36.779 and among us is the Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)?" 00:15:36.779 --> 00:15:40.980 Say to them: "This came from yourselves, 00:15:40.980 --> 00:15:44.779 due to your disobeying my command and abandoning obedience to me." 00:15:44.779 --> 00:15:48.179 Indeed, regarding all that He wills for His creation— 00:15:48.179 --> 00:15:51.980 whether pardon, punishment, favor, or retribution— 00:15:51.980 --> 00:15:54.080 Allah is All-Powerful. 00:16:03.500 --> 00:16:06.700 And what struck you on the day the two hosts met—the Muslims 00:16:06.700 --> 00:16:09.700 and the polytheists—of death and wounds, 00:16:09.700 --> 00:16:13.299 was by His decree and destiny concerning you, 00:16:13.299 --> 00:16:16.299 and so that He might distinguish those who truly believe in Allah and His Messenger, 00:16:16.299 --> 00:16:19.100 the true believers among you from the hypocrites, 00:16:19.100 --> 00:16:23.299 so that they are recognized and the condition of both groups is not hidden. 00:16:49.649 --> 00:16:52.649 what is not in their hearts. 00:16:52.649 --> 00:16:57.860 “And that He might know the hypocrites, unto whom it was said: Come, fight in the way of Allah, or defend yourselves. They answered: If we knew aught of fighting we would follow you. On that day they were nearer disbelief than faith. They utter with their mouths a thing which is not in their hearts. Allah is Best Aware of what they hide.” (3:167) 00:16:57.860 --> 00:17:00.259 He—exalted is His mention—means by that 00:17:00.259 --> 00:17:02.460 'Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul, 00:17:02.460 --> 00:17:04.660 the hypocrite, and his companions, 00:17:04.660 --> 00:17:09.059 who turned back and deserted the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:17:09.059 --> 00:17:12.259 when the Prophet of Allah set forth 00:17:12.259 --> 00:17:15.859 toward the polytheists at Uhud to fight them. 00:17:15.859 --> 00:17:18.259 The Muslims said to them, 00:17:18.259 --> 00:17:21.259 "Come, fight the polytheists alongside us, 00:17:21.259 --> 00:17:24.460 or help defend us by swelling our ranks." 00:17:24.460 --> 00:17:25.859 But they said, 00:17:25.859 --> 00:17:28.259 "If we knew that you would actually fight, 00:17:28.259 --> 00:17:30.660 we would have marched with you toward them, 00:17:30.660 --> 00:17:35.859 but we do not think any fighting will take place between you and these people." 00:17:35.859 --> 00:17:39.859 Thus they disclosed the hypocrisy of their souls that they used to conceal, 00:17:39.859 --> 00:17:44.660 and they uttered with their tongues the opposite of what they harbored and hid 00:17:44.660 --> 00:17:48.059 of enmity toward the Messenger of Allah 00:17:48.059 --> 00:17:50.259 and toward those who believe in him. 00:17:50.259 --> 00:17:53.660 And Allah knows far better than these hypocrites, 00:17:53.660 --> 00:17:58.339 and He encompasses all that they hide and is fully aware of it. 00:17:58.339 --> 00:18:02.140 “Those who, while they sat at home, said of their brethren (who were fighting for the cause of Allah): If they had been guided by us they would not have been slain. Say (unto them, O Muhammad): Then avert death from yourselves if ye are truthful.” (3:168) 00:18:02.140 --> 00:18:05.740 “Those who, while they sat at home, said of their brethren (who were fighting for the cause of Allah): If they had been guided by us they would not have been slain. Say (unto them, O Muhammad): Then avert death from yourselves if ye are truthful.” (3:168) 00:18:05.740 --> 00:18:16.380 “Those who, while they sat at home, said of their brethren (who were fighting for the cause of Allah): If they had been guided by us they would not have been slain. Say (unto them, O Muhammad): Then avert death from yourselves if ye are truthful.” (3:168) 00:18:16.380 --> 00:18:19.180 And that Allah might make evident those who acted hypocritically, 00:18:19.180 --> 00:18:21.779 who said to their brothers, 00:18:21.779 --> 00:18:25.579 while these hypocrites sat back, saying, 00:18:25.579 --> 00:18:32.180 "Had those of our brothers and kinsmen who were killed at Uhud obeyed us, they would not have been slain there." 00:18:32.180 --> 00:18:33.980 Say, O Muhammad: 00:18:33.980 --> 00:18:36.579 "Then avert death from yourselves, 00:18:36.579 --> 00:18:40.980 if you, O hypocrites, are truthful in your claim 00:18:40.980 --> 00:18:46.259 that had our brothers obeyed us, they would not have been slain there by the sword." 00:18:46.259 --> 00:18:54.859 “Think not of those, who are slain in the way of Allah, as dead. Nay, they are living. With their Lord they have provision.” (3:169) 00:18:54.859 --> 00:19:02.460 “Think not of those, who are slain in the way of Allah, as dead. Nay, they are living. With their Lord they have provision.” (3:169) 00:19:02.460 --> 00:19:11.500 “Jubilant (are they) because of that which Allah hath bestowed upon them of His bounty, rejoicing for the sake of those who have not joined them but are left behind: That there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.” (3:170) 00:19:11.500 --> 00:19:18.099 “Jubilant (are they) because of that which Allah hath bestowed upon them of His bounty, rejoicing for the sake of those who have not joined them but are left behind: That there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.” (3:170) 00:19:18.099 --> 00:19:27.470 “Jubilant (are they) because of that which Allah hath bestowed upon them of His bounty, rejoicing for the sake of those who have not joined them but are left behind: That there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.” (3:170) 00:19:27.470 --> 00:19:35.069 And never think of those who were slain at Uhud from among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah as dead; 00:19:35.069 --> 00:19:39.670 feeling nothing, experiencing no pleasure, and enjoying no bliss. 00:19:39.670 --> 00:19:44.470 Rather, they are alive with Me, provided for and rejoicing in My sustenance, 00:19:44.470 --> 00:19:49.269 joyful and delighted with the honor and bounty I have granted them, 00:19:49.269 --> 00:19:53.269 and with the abundant reward and gifts I have bestowed upon them. 00:19:53.269 --> 00:20:00.470 And they rejoice over those of their brothers left behind whom they departed, who are still alive in the world, 00:20:00.470 --> 00:20:03.269 knowing that if they are martyred, 00:20:03.269 --> 00:20:08.269 they will attain of the honor of Allah the like of what they themselves have attained; 00:20:08.269 --> 00:20:12.869 no fear shall come upon them, for they are secure from Allah's punishment, 00:20:12.869 --> 00:20:20.369 nor shall they grieve over whatever worldly ties they left behind. 00:20:20.369 --> 00:20:23.369 Summary from Tafsir al-Tabari.