WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 *Riyad al-Salihin* (The Meadows of the Righteous) from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:15.369 Chapter on Patience. 00:00:15.369 --> 00:00:18.370 On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:00:18.370 --> 00:00:21.370 On the day of the Battle of Hunayn, 00:00:21.370 --> 00:00:26.370 the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) favored certain people in the distribution of the spoils. 00:00:26.370 --> 00:00:30.460 He gave al-Aqra' ibn Habis one hundred camels, 00:00:30.460 --> 00:00:33.460 and gave 'Uyaynah ibn Hisn the like, 00:00:33.460 --> 00:00:39.460 and also gave to prominent figures among the Arabs, favoring them that day in the distribution. 00:00:39.460 --> 00:00:41.560 Thereupon, a man said: 00:00:41.560 --> 00:00:45.560 "By Allah, this is a division in which justice was not observed, 00:00:45.560 --> 00:00:48.560 nor was the face of Allah sought therein!" 00:00:48.560 --> 00:00:54.560 So I said: "By Allah, I will certainly inform the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him." 00:00:54.560 --> 00:00:57.560 I went to him and told him what the man had said, 00:00:57.560 --> 00:01:01.560 and his face changed color until it became like red dye. 00:01:01.560 --> 00:01:07.560 Then he said: "Who will be just if Allah and His Messenger are not just?" 00:01:07.560 --> 00:01:11.560 Then he said: "May Allah have mercy on Moses; 00:01:11.560 --> 00:01:15.560 he was harmed with more than this, yet he bore it with patience." 00:01:15.560 --> 00:01:21.560 I then said: "Indeed, I will never convey any report to him after this." 00:01:21.560 --> 00:01:23.560 Agreed upon. 00:01:23.560 --> 00:01:25.620 His words: "like *sarif*" 00:01:25.620 --> 00:01:27.620 means red dye. 00:01:27.620 --> 00:01:30.359 Hunayn: 00:01:30.359 --> 00:01:33.359 A valley between Mecca and al-Ta'if. 00:01:33.359 --> 00:01:41.459 "Certain people": meaning those whose hearts were to be reconciled, the freed captives of Mecca (*tulaqa'*), and Arab chieftains, in order to win over their hearts. 00:01:41.459 --> 00:01:46.840 "The distribution": the distribution of the spoils of the Hawazin tribe. 00:01:46.840 --> 00:01:52.030 "He favored them": meaning he granted them lavish gifts. 00:01:52.030 --> 00:01:55.219 "Indeed (*la jarama*)": meaning truly. 00:01:55.219 --> 00:01:58.629 Key lessons from the hadith: 00:01:58.629 --> 00:02:02.760 It is permissible to single out a group with gifts to the exclusion of others, 00:02:02.760 --> 00:02:06.760 if the leader sees an overriding public interest in doing so. 00:02:06.760 --> 00:02:11.180 Among the sound methods of Islamic governance in calling to Allah 00:02:11.180 --> 00:02:16.180 is winning over the hearts of notables and figures of influence through the worldly wealth they desire. 00:02:16.180 --> 00:02:20.400 In every era, there are enemies of the prophets and their followers, 00:02:20.400 --> 00:02:24.400 slandering them, rejecting their words, 00:02:24.400 --> 00:02:27.530 and casting doubt upon their mission. 00:02:27.530 --> 00:02:31.530 The obligation of offering sincere counsel to Allah, His Messenger, and the believers; 00:02:31.530 --> 00:02:39.530 for 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud conveyed the words of those who defamed the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) back to him. 00:02:39.530 --> 00:02:45.780 Overlooking the faults of the vile is an ancient practice of the prophets; 00:02:45.780 --> 00:02:48.780 for Moses, peace be upon him, was harmed yet bore it with patience, 00:02:48.780 --> 00:02:53.780 and Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was harmed yet pardoned. 00:02:53.780 --> 00:02:58.979 The Messenger's emulation of his fellow brother prophets, 00:02:58.979 --> 00:03:03.979 in fulfillment of the saying of the Exalted: ◁So follow their guidance▷. 00:03:03.979 --> 00:03:09.330 The Messenger is a human being, affected by what affects human beings; 00:03:09.330 --> 00:03:17.330 whenever he disapproved of something, became angry at something, or rejoiced at a matter, it was clearly seen on his face. 00:03:17.330 --> 00:03:23.710 The most just of people, the most God-fearing, and the most knowledgeable of Allah 00:03:23.710 --> 00:03:28.710 are the messengers and prophets, may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon them. 00:03:28.710 --> 00:03:33.930 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:03:33.930 --> 00:03:37.930 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:03:37.930 --> 00:03:43.930 "When Allah wills good for His servant, He hastens his punishment in this world; 00:03:43.930 --> 00:03:52.930 and when Allah wills evil for His servant, He withholds from him the consequence of his sin until He calls him to account for it on the Day of Resurrection." 00:03:52.930 --> 00:04:00.120 And the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Greatness of reward comes with the greatness of affliction; 00:04:00.120 --> 00:04:05.120 and when Allah the Exalted loves a people, He tests them. 00:04:05.120 --> 00:04:10.120 Whoever is pleased will have Allah's pleasure, and whoever is displeased will have His displeasure." 00:04:10.120 --> 00:04:15.120 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, who said it is a fair hadith. 00:04:15.120 --> 00:04:21.759 "Until He calls him to account for it" means he will come carrying his sin on his back. 00:04:21.759 --> 00:04:24.980 Key lessons from the hadith: 00:04:24.980 --> 00:04:31.009 Hastening punishment in this world is a sign of good intended by Allah for His servant, 00:04:31.009 --> 00:04:36.009 because it serves as an expiation for sins and a means for their erasure. 00:04:36.009 --> 00:04:39.259 The punishment of the Hereafter is far more severe and painful; 00:04:39.259 --> 00:04:47.259 thus, whoever Allah does not intend good for, He delays their punishment until they are disgraced on the Day of Resurrection. 00:04:47.259 --> 00:04:51.389 People are tested in proportion to their religious commitment. 00:04:51.389 --> 00:04:56.620 Patience during calamities and illnesses purifies from sins. 00:04:56.620 --> 00:05:01.000 A believer must be content with whatever trials afflict them, 00:05:01.000 --> 00:05:04.860 and not despair or display resentment over them. 00:05:04.860 --> 00:05:07.860 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:05:07.860 --> 00:05:12.860 A son of Abu Talhah, may Allah be pleased with him, was sick, 00:05:12.860 --> 00:05:16.860 and while Abu Talhah went out, the boy passed away. 00:05:16.860 --> 00:05:19.860 When Abu Talhah returned, he asked: 00:05:19.860 --> 00:05:21.860 "How is my son doing?" 00:05:21.860 --> 00:05:24.860 Umm Sulaym, the boy's mother, replied: 00:05:24.860 --> 00:05:27.860 "He is in a quieter state than he has ever been." 00:05:27.860 --> 00:05:30.860 She then served him dinner, and he ate, 00:05:30.860 --> 00:05:32.860 and thereafter he had marital relations with her. 00:05:32.860 --> 00:05:36.860 When he finished, she said: "Bury the boy." 00:05:36.860 --> 00:05:39.899 The next morning, Abu Talhah 00:05:39.899 --> 00:05:43.899 went to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and informed him. 00:05:43.899 --> 00:05:47.899 He asked: "Did you consummate your marriage last night?" 00:05:47.899 --> 00:05:49.899 He replied: "Yes." 00:05:49.899 --> 00:05:52.899 He said: "O Allah, bless them both." 00:05:52.899 --> 00:05:54.899 Subsequently, she gave birth to a boy. 00:05:54.899 --> 00:05:57.899 Abu Talhah said to me: 00:05:57.899 --> 00:06:02.899 "Carry him until you bring him to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him," 00:06:02.899 --> 00:06:04.899 and he sent some dates along with him. 00:06:04.899 --> 00:06:07.899 The Prophet asked: "Is there anything with him?" 00:06:07.899 --> 00:06:10.899 He replied: "Yes, some dates." 00:06:10.899 --> 00:06:13.899 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) took them, 00:06:13.899 --> 00:06:15.899 chewed them, 00:06:15.899 --> 00:06:17.899 then took them from his mouth 00:06:17.899 --> 00:06:19.899 and placed them into the mouth of the boy. 00:06:19.899 --> 00:06:23.899 He then softened them for him (*tahnik*) and named him 'Abdullah. 00:06:23.899 --> 00:06:25.990 Agreed upon. 00:06:25.990 --> 00:06:27.990 In a narration of al-Bukhari: 00:06:27.990 --> 00:06:29.990 Ibn 'Uyaynah said: 00:06:29.990 --> 00:06:32.990 A man from the Ansar said: 00:06:32.990 --> 00:06:37.990 "I saw nine sons, all of whom had memorized the Qur'an," 00:06:37.990 --> 00:06:42.120 meaning from the offspring of 'Abdullah, the newborn child. 00:06:42.120 --> 00:06:44.120 In a narration of Muslim: 00:06:44.120 --> 00:06:48.120 A son belonging to Abu Talhah and Umm Sulaym died, 00:06:48.120 --> 00:06:50.120 and she said to her family: 00:06:50.120 --> 00:06:56.120 "Do not speak to Abu Talhah about his son until I am the one who informs him." 00:06:56.120 --> 00:06:57.120 He came home, 00:06:57.120 --> 00:07:01.120 and she served him dinner, so he ate and drank. 00:07:01.120 --> 00:07:06.120 Then she beautified herself for him more attractively than she ever had before, 00:07:06.120 --> 00:07:08.120 and he had intimate relations with her. 00:07:08.120 --> 00:07:12.120 When she saw that he was satisfied and had fulfilled his desire, 00:07:12.120 --> 00:07:13.120 she said: 00:07:13.120 --> 00:07:15.120 "O Abu Talhah, 00:07:15.120 --> 00:07:20.120 tell me, if a people lent something on loan to a household, 00:07:20.120 --> 00:07:22.120 and then asked for their loan back, 00:07:22.120 --> 00:07:24.120 do they have the right to refuse them?" 00:07:24.120 --> 00:07:26.120 He said: "No." 00:07:26.120 --> 00:07:27.120 She said: 00:07:27.120 --> 00:07:29.180 "Then seek reward with Allah for your son." 00:07:29.180 --> 00:07:30.180 He said: 00:07:30.180 --> 00:07:31.180 He became angry 00:07:31.180 --> 00:07:33.180 and then said: 00:07:33.180 --> 00:07:36.180 "You left me until I indulged myself, 00:07:36.180 --> 00:07:38.180 and only then did you tell me about my son?!" 00:07:38.180 --> 00:07:43.180 He set out until he reached the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:07:43.180 --> 00:07:46.180 and informed him of what had happened. 00:07:46.180 --> 00:07:50.180 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:07:50.180 --> 00:07:54.180 "May Allah bless the two of you in your night." 00:07:54.180 --> 00:07:55.180 He said: 00:07:55.180 --> 00:07:56.180 So she became pregnant. 00:07:56.180 --> 00:07:57.180 He said: 00:07:57.180 --> 00:08:03.180 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was on a journey, and she accompanied him. 00:08:03.180 --> 00:08:11.180 Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) returned to Medina from a journey, he would never arrive unexpectedly by night. 00:08:11.180 --> 00:08:13.180 As they drew near Medina, 00:08:13.180 --> 00:08:15.180 labor pains overtook her, 00:08:15.180 --> 00:08:18.180 so Abu Talhah stayed behind with her, 00:08:18.180 --> 00:08:22.180 while the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) went ahead. 00:08:22.180 --> 00:08:23.180 He said: 00:08:23.180 --> 00:08:25.180 Abu Talhah was saying: 00:08:25.180 --> 00:08:28.180 "You know, O Lord, 00:08:28.180 --> 00:08:34.179 that I love to depart with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) whenever he departs, 00:08:34.179 --> 00:08:37.179 and enter with him whenever he enters, 00:08:37.179 --> 00:08:40.250 but I have been detained by what You see." 00:08:40.250 --> 00:08:42.250 Umm Sulaym said: 00:08:42.250 --> 00:08:43.250 "O Abu Talhah, 00:08:43.250 --> 00:08:46.250 I no longer feel the pain I was feeling; 00:08:46.250 --> 00:08:47.250 let us proceed." 00:08:47.250 --> 00:08:49.250 So we set off, 00:08:49.250 --> 00:08:52.250 and labor pains overtook her as soon as they arrived, 00:08:52.250 --> 00:08:54.250 and she gave birth to a boy. 00:08:54.250 --> 00:08:56.250 My mother said to me: 00:08:56.250 --> 00:08:57.250 "O Anas, 00:08:57.250 --> 00:08:59.250 let no one nurse him 00:08:59.250 --> 00:09:04.250 until you take him in the morning to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him." 00:09:04.250 --> 00:09:06.279 When morning came, 00:09:06.279 --> 00:09:12.279 I carried him and took him to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:09:12.279 --> 00:09:15.279 And he mentioned the completion of the hadith. 00:09:15.279 --> 00:09:17.399 "Was sick (*yashtaki*)": 00:09:17.399 --> 00:09:19.399 meaning he was suffering from an illness, 00:09:19.399 --> 00:09:23.399 and it does not mean that he was voicing a complaint. 00:09:23.399 --> 00:09:25.659 The son of Abu Talhah: 00:09:25.659 --> 00:09:27.659 He was Abu 'Umayr, 00:09:27.659 --> 00:09:32.659 whom the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to playfully tease by saying: 00:09:32.659 --> 00:09:34.659 "O Abu 'Umayr, 00:09:34.659 --> 00:09:36.659 what did the little sparrow (*nughayr*) do?" 00:09:36.659 --> 00:09:38.779 "He is in a quieter state than he has ever been": 00:09:38.779 --> 00:09:40.779 meaning his soul became tranquil through death, 00:09:40.779 --> 00:09:44.779 after having been restless and troubled. 00:09:44.779 --> 00:09:47.230 "Then he had marital relations with her": 00:09:47.230 --> 00:09:49.230 a polite euphemism for sexual intercourse. 00:09:49.230 --> 00:09:51.259 "She beautified herself for him": 00:09:51.259 --> 00:09:55.330 meaning by improving her appearance with adornments and the like. 00:09:55.330 --> 00:09:56.330 "He lay with her": 00:09:56.330 --> 00:09:58.330 meaning he engaged in intimacy with her. 00:09:58.330 --> 00:09:59.419 "Tell me (*ara'ayta*)": 00:09:59.419 --> 00:10:01.419 meaning inform me. 00:10:01.419 --> 00:10:03.679 "Seek reward with Allah for your son": 00:10:03.679 --> 00:10:08.679 meaning seek the reward from Allah the Exalted for your affliction regarding your son. 00:10:08.679 --> 00:10:09.840 "I indulged myself": 00:10:09.840 --> 00:10:12.840 meaning becoming stained with the fluid of intercourse. 00:10:12.840 --> 00:10:14.970 "He would never arrive unexpectedly by night": 00:10:14.970 --> 00:10:17.970 meaning he would not enter the city during the night, 00:10:17.970 --> 00:10:20.970 lest he see something displeasing from his household. 00:10:20.970 --> 00:10:23.159 "Labor pains overtook her": 00:10:23.159 --> 00:10:25.159 meaning the pangs of childbirth. 00:10:26.899 --> 00:10:28.899 Key lessons from the hadith: 00:10:28.899 --> 00:10:34.120 The hadith offers a living example of the Muslim woman and righteous wife, 00:10:34.120 --> 00:10:38.120 in her profound wisdom and brilliant intellect. 00:10:38.120 --> 00:10:41.409 Umm Sulaym's patience upon the death of her child 00:10:41.409 --> 00:10:44.409 is a role model for women. 00:10:44.409 --> 00:10:48.759 Exercising tact and gentleness when breaking news of a death or calamity. 00:10:48.759 --> 00:10:52.110 Prioritizing the husband's comfort over burdening him with grief, 00:10:52.110 --> 00:10:56.110 which is an expression of a wife's devotion to her husband. 00:10:56.110 --> 00:11:00.399 The Companions' love for the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:11:00.399 --> 00:11:03.399 and their eagerness to accompany him, seek his counsel, 00:11:03.399 --> 00:11:06.620 and seek blessings through his company. 00:11:06.620 --> 00:11:11.620 Spouses should each ease the other's burdens during afflictions, 00:11:11.620 --> 00:11:13.620 and beautify themselves for one another 00:11:13.620 --> 00:11:17.879 to ensure the endurance of marital companionship and deepen affection. 00:11:17.879 --> 00:11:21.879 Whoever leaves something for the sake of Allah, Allah will replace it with something far better. 00:11:21.879 --> 00:11:25.139 The permissibility of using ambiguous expressions (*ma'arid*) 00:11:25.139 --> 00:11:28.139 when necessity calls for it, 00:11:28.139 --> 00:11:31.139 and that this is not considered lying. 00:11:31.139 --> 00:11:35.519 A woman's striving to attend to her husband's best interests 00:11:35.519 --> 00:11:37.519 and attending to his service, 00:11:37.519 --> 00:11:39.519 just as Umm Sulaym did 00:11:39.519 --> 00:11:43.940 when she offered him dinner and he ate; 00:11:43.940 --> 00:11:47.940 the answered prayer of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:11:47.940 --> 00:11:51.940 for he blessed their child conceived on that night, 00:11:51.940 --> 00:11:54.940 and his descendants grew numerous and righteous; 00:11:54.940 --> 00:11:58.940 the recommendation to console the afflicted in times of calamity, 00:11:58.940 --> 00:12:02.940 just as Umm Sulaym did with Abu Talhah 00:12:02.940 --> 00:12:07.990 when she gave him the analogy of a borrowed trust. 00:12:07.990 --> 00:12:10.990 And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:12:10.990 --> 00:12:14.990 the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:12:14.990 --> 00:12:18.019 "The strong person is not the one who can wrestle others down; 00:12:18.019 --> 00:12:23.090 rather, the strong person is the one who controls himself when angry." 00:12:23.090 --> 00:12:25.120 Agreed upon. 00:12:25.120 --> 00:12:30.120 In the original Arabic usage, the term *sura'ah* refers to someone who frequently wrestles people down. 00:12:30.120 --> 00:12:34.590 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:12:34.590 --> 00:12:38.590 Islam transforms the pre-Islamic, ignorant concept of strength 00:12:38.590 --> 00:12:43.590 into noble character traits that forge a distinguished Muslim personality; 00:12:43.590 --> 00:12:46.590 thus, the strongest of people 00:12:46.590 --> 00:12:50.590 is the one who takes control of himself and reins in his desires; 00:12:50.590 --> 00:12:54.940 striving against one's own soul and mastering it 00:12:54.940 --> 00:12:58.330 is harder than fighting an enemy; 00:12:58.330 --> 00:13:01.330 the obligation to avoid anger, 00:13:01.330 --> 00:13:06.490 due to the physical, psychological, and social harms it entails; 00:13:06.490 --> 00:13:09.490 anger is an innate human trait 00:13:09.490 --> 00:13:13.840 that can be dispelled by several means, including self-restraint; 00:13:13.840 --> 00:13:16.840 the prohibition of transgressing against others, 00:13:16.840 --> 00:13:20.990 whether in a state of anger or otherwise. 00:13:20.990 --> 00:13:24.990 And on the authority of Sulayman Ibn Surad (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:13:24.990 --> 00:13:27.990 "I was sitting with the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:13:27.990 --> 00:13:30.990 while two men were trading insults, 00:13:30.990 --> 00:13:34.990 and one of them had a red face and swollen neck veins. 00:13:34.990 --> 00:13:38.990 Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:13:38.990 --> 00:13:44.990 'I know a word which, if he were to utter it, would make what he feels depart from him. 00:13:44.990 --> 00:13:49.990 If he were to say: I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan, 00:13:49.990 --> 00:13:51.990 what he feels would leave him.' 00:13:51.990 --> 00:13:53.990 So they said to him, 00:13:53.990 --> 00:13:57.990 'The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 00:13:57.990 --> 00:14:02.019 Seek refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan.'" 00:14:02.019 --> 00:14:04.019 Agreed upon. 00:14:04.019 --> 00:14:06.600 "Trading insults" (*yastabban*): 00:14:06.600 --> 00:14:09.600 meaning each of them was reviling the other; 00:14:09.600 --> 00:14:11.860 "his neck veins" (*awdajuhu*): 00:14:11.860 --> 00:14:17.139 the blood vessels encircling the neck which are severed during slaughter; 00:14:17.139 --> 00:14:18.139 "a word" (*kalimah*): 00:14:18.139 --> 00:14:20.139 refers here to a complete, meaningful sentence; 00:14:20.139 --> 00:14:21.340 "I seek refuge" (*a'udhu*): 00:14:21.340 --> 00:14:24.340 meaning I resort to and hold fast to Allah. 00:14:24.340 --> 00:14:27.100 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:14:27.100 --> 00:14:31.419 The hadith is derived from the words of Allah the Exalted: 00:14:31.419 --> 00:14:35.419 "And if an evil suggestion comes to you from Satan, 00:14:35.419 --> 00:14:37.419 then seek refuge in Allah. 00:14:37.419 --> 00:14:40.779 Indeed, He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing." 00:14:40.779 --> 00:14:42.779 Anger is provoked by Satan 00:14:42.779 --> 00:14:46.779 because of the spiritual and worldly harm it brings about; 00:14:46.779 --> 00:14:49.779 hence, its root cause is eliminated— 00:14:49.779 --> 00:14:52.779 namely the whispering of Satan—by seeking refuge in Allah; 00:14:52.779 --> 00:14:55.129 the Companions are human beings, 00:14:55.129 --> 00:15:00.129 subject to the same natural bouts of anger that affect all mankind, 00:15:00.129 --> 00:15:03.129 yet they were distinguished by their swift responsiveness 00:15:03.129 --> 00:15:07.129 to the reminders of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:15:07.129 --> 00:15:10.450 and by not persisting in falsehood; 00:15:10.450 --> 00:15:13.450 the wisdom of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:15:13.450 --> 00:15:15.450 in calling to Allah, 00:15:15.450 --> 00:15:18.450 reminding people of Him, and counseling the Muslims, 00:15:18.450 --> 00:15:21.450 in that when someone is expected 00:15:21.450 --> 00:15:23.450 not to receive counsel well, 00:15:23.450 --> 00:15:26.450 it should not be addressed to him directly; 00:15:26.450 --> 00:15:28.700 the recommendation to offer advice to others 00:15:28.700 --> 00:15:30.700 even if they did not ask for it; 00:15:30.700 --> 00:15:34.929 the permissibility of conveying advice to someone who did not hear it firsthand, 00:15:34.929 --> 00:15:37.929 so that he may benefit from what it contains. 00:15:37.929 --> 00:15:42.090 *Riyad al-Salihin*.