WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 Riyad al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:19.070 Chapter: Concealing the Unpleasant Traits Observed in the Deceased. 00:00:19.070 --> 00:00:25.070 On the authority of Abu Rafi‘ Aslam, the freed slave of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 00:00:25.070 --> 00:00:29.070 That the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:00:29.070 --> 00:00:36.070 "Whoever washes a deceased person and keeps his secrets, Allah will forgive him forty times." 00:00:36.070 --> 00:00:41.229 Narrated by al-Hakim, who said it is authentic according to the criteria of Muslim. 00:00:41.229 --> 00:00:51.740 Among the benefits of this hadith: Whoever takes charge of washing his Muslim brother upon his death earns a great reward. 00:00:51.740 --> 00:00:55.740 The sanctity of a Muslim is protected both in life and in death. 00:00:55.740 --> 00:01:01.740 Therefore, whoever sees a fault in his brother should conceal it and cover it up. 00:01:01.740 --> 00:01:09.219 It is incumbent upon the one who washes his deceased Muslim brother to seek only the pleasure of Allah in doing so. 00:01:09.219 --> 00:01:20.159 He should not desire any reward, compensation, gratitude, or any worldly gain from it. 00:01:20.159 --> 00:01:30.150 Chapter: The Funeral Prayer, Following the Procession, Attending the Burial, and the Dislike of Women Following Funerals. 00:01:30.150 --> 00:01:33.599 The virtue of following the funeral procession has already been mentioned. 00:01:33.599 --> 00:01:36.599 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:01:36.599 --> 00:01:40.599 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:01:40.599 --> 00:01:46.599 "Whoever attends the funeral until the prayer is performed for it, he will have a qirat of reward." 00:01:46.599 --> 00:01:52.599 "And whoever attends until it is buried, he will have two qirats." 00:01:52.599 --> 00:01:55.599 It was asked, "And what are the two qirats?" 00:01:55.599 --> 00:01:59.599 He replied, "Like two great mountains." 00:01:59.599 --> 00:02:01.599 Agreed upon. 00:02:01.599 --> 00:02:05.430 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:02:05.430 --> 00:02:08.719 Encouragement to attend the funeral of the deceased. 00:02:08.719 --> 00:02:12.199 Encouragement to take care of his affairs. 00:02:12.199 --> 00:02:15.680 Urging people to gather for the deceased. 00:02:15.680 --> 00:02:19.680 Drawing attention to the immense favor and honor Allah bestows upon the Muslim. 00:02:19.680 --> 00:02:24.680 Increasing the reward for those who manage the affairs of the deceased after his death. 00:02:24.680 --> 00:02:28.990 And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him: 00:02:28.990 --> 00:02:32.990 That the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:02:32.990 --> 00:02:38.060 "Whoever follows the funeral of a Muslim out of faith and seeking reward," 00:02:38.060 --> 00:02:43.060 "And remains with it until the prayer is performed and the burial is completed," 00:02:43.060 --> 00:02:47.060 "He will return with a reward of two qirats." 00:02:47.060 --> 00:02:50.060 "Each qirat is like Mount Uhud." 00:02:50.060 --> 00:02:54.060 "And whoever prays over it and then leaves before it is buried," 00:02:54.060 --> 00:02:57.060 "He will return with one qirat." 00:02:57.060 --> 00:03:00.180 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 00:03:00.180 --> 00:03:02.889 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:03:02.889 --> 00:03:08.050 It is appropriate for a Muslim to follow the funeral of his Muslim brother. 00:03:08.050 --> 00:03:11.050 And to attend its burial out of faith and seeking reward. 00:03:12.050 --> 00:03:17.590 Ibn ‘Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, used to pray over the funeral and then leave. 00:03:17.590 --> 00:03:21.590 Until the hadith of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, reached him. 00:03:21.590 --> 00:03:25.590 So he sent Khabbab to ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her. 00:03:25.590 --> 00:03:29.590 He asked her, and she confirmed the report of Abu Hurayrah. 00:03:29.590 --> 00:03:35.590 Ibn ‘Umar then said, "We have missed out on many qirats." 00:03:35.590 --> 00:03:40.840 On the authority of Umm ‘Atiyyah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: 00:03:40.840 --> 00:03:43.840 "We were forbidden from following funeral processions," 00:03:43.840 --> 00:03:45.840 "But it was not made a strict prohibition for us." 00:03:45.840 --> 00:03:47.840 Agreed upon. 00:03:47.840 --> 00:03:49.870 Its meaning is: 00:03:49.870 --> 00:03:54.870 It was not emphasized as a prohibition in the same way as forbidden acts. 00:03:54.870 --> 00:03:57.740 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:03:57.740 --> 00:04:00.860 A prohibition, in its essence, implies unlawfulness. 00:04:00.860 --> 00:04:04.860 Unless there is evidence that renders it merely a matter of dislike (tanzih). 00:04:04.860 --> 00:04:06.860 As is the case in this hadith. 00:04:06.860 --> 00:04:10.860 Which is the statement of Umm ‘Atiyyah, may Allah be pleased with her: 00:04:10.860 --> 00:04:12.860 "But it was not made a strict prohibition for us." 00:04:12.860 --> 00:04:17.339 The virtue mentioned in the hadiths regarding following funeral processions 00:04:17.339 --> 00:04:20.339 Is for men, not women. 00:04:20.339 --> 00:04:23.339 Because women were forbidden from following them. 00:04:23.339 --> 00:04:30.259 Chapter: The Desirability of Increasing the Number of People Praying over the Deceased. 00:04:30.259 --> 00:04:34.259 And arranging them into three rows or more. 00:04:34.259 --> 00:04:39.569 On the authority of ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: 00:04:39.569 --> 00:04:42.569 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:04:42.569 --> 00:04:48.569 "There is no deceased person over whom a group of Muslims prays, reaching one hundred," 00:04:48.569 --> 00:04:50.569 "All of whom intercede for him," 00:04:50.569 --> 00:04:53.569 "But their intercession for him will be accepted." 00:04:53.569 --> 00:04:55.699 Narrated by Muslim. 00:04:55.699 --> 00:04:59.079 And on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, who said: 00:04:59.079 --> 00:05:04.079 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saying: 00:05:04.079 --> 00:05:07.209 "There is no Muslim man who dies," 00:05:07.209 --> 00:05:13.209 "And forty men stand over his funeral who do not associate anything with Allah," 00:05:13.209 --> 00:05:16.209 "But Allah will accept their intercession for him." 00:05:16.209 --> 00:05:18.430 Narrated by Muslim. 00:05:18.430 --> 00:05:22.779 And on the authority of Marthad Ibn ‘Abdullah al-Yazani, who said: 00:05:22.779 --> 00:05:27.850 Malik Ibn Hubayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, whenever he prayed over a funeral, 00:05:27.850 --> 00:05:30.850 And the people were few, 00:05:30.850 --> 00:05:33.850 He would divide them into three parts. 00:05:33.850 --> 00:05:35.850 Then he said: 00:05:35.850 --> 00:05:39.850 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:05:39.850 --> 00:05:44.850 "Whoever is prayed over by three rows has attained forgiveness." 00:05:44.850 --> 00:05:48.230 Narrated by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi. 00:05:48.230 --> 00:05:49.259 "Attained forgiveness" (awjab), 00:05:49.259 --> 00:05:52.259 Meaning: Paradise has become mandatory for him. 00:05:52.259 --> 00:05:56.290 Among the benefits of the hadiths: 00:05:56.290 --> 00:06:00.379 The mention of specific numbers in these hadiths does not imply a limit. 00:06:00.379 --> 00:06:03.379 Rather, it indicates what is superior. 00:06:03.379 --> 00:06:08.379 The larger the congregation, the better and more beneficial it is for the deceased. 00:06:08.379 --> 00:06:12.740 Those whose intercession is accepted and whose supplications are answered 00:06:12.740 --> 00:06:15.740 Are the people of sincere monotheism (Tawhid). 00:06:15.740 --> 00:06:19.740 Those who do not associate anything with Allah. 00:06:19.740 --> 00:06:26.120 The desirability of the worshippers arranging themselves behind the Imam in three rows or more. 00:06:26.120 --> 00:06:31.540 The hadiths contain an exhortation to pray sincerely for the deceased. 00:06:31.540 --> 00:06:38.740 Chapter: What is Recited in the Funeral Prayer. 00:06:38.740 --> 00:06:42.660 One performs four takbirs. 00:06:42.660 --> 00:06:44.660 One seeks refuge with Allah after the first. 00:06:44.660 --> 00:06:47.660 Then one recites the Opening of the Book (al-Fatihah). 00:06:47.660 --> 00:06:49.660 Then one performs the second takbir. 00:06:49.660 --> 00:06:53.660 Then one sends blessings upon the Prophet, peace be upon him. 00:06:53.660 --> 00:06:54.660 Saying: 00:06:54.660 --> 00:06:59.660 "O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad." 00:06:59.660 --> 00:07:02.660 And it is better to complete it by saying: 00:07:02.660 --> 00:07:04.660 "As You sent blessings upon Ibrahim," 00:07:04.660 --> 00:07:05.660 Up to the words: 00:07:05.660 --> 00:07:07.660 "Praiseworthy, Glorious." 00:07:07.660 --> 00:07:12.660 And one should not say what many common people do by reciting [other things]. 00:07:12.660 --> 00:07:16.660 “Lo! Allah and His angels shower blessings on the Prophet. O ye who believe! Ask blessings on him and salute him with a worthy salutation.” (33:56) 00:07:16.660 --> 00:07:20.660 For his prayer is not valid if he limits himself to that. 00:07:20.660 --> 00:07:22.860 Then one performs the third takbir. 00:07:22.860 --> 00:07:25.860 And supplicates for the deceased and the Muslims. 00:07:25.860 --> 00:07:30.860 With what we will mention from the hadiths, if Allah the Exalted wills. 00:07:30.860 --> 00:07:33.949 Then one performs the fourth takbir and supplicates. 00:07:33.949 --> 00:07:35.949 Among the best of these is: 00:07:35.949 --> 00:07:38.949 "O Allah, do not deprive us of his reward," 00:07:38.949 --> 00:07:40.949 "And do not put us to trial after him," 00:07:40.949 --> 00:07:42.949 "And forgive us and him." 00:07:42.949 --> 00:07:47.079 The preferred view is to lengthen the supplication during the fourth takbir. 00:07:47.079 --> 00:07:50.079 Contrary to what most people are accustomed to. 00:07:50.079 --> 00:07:52.079 Due to the hadith of Ibn Abi Awfa, 00:07:52.079 --> 00:07:56.079 Which we will mention, if Allah the Exalted wills. 00:07:56.079 --> 00:08:00.240 As for the transmitted supplications after the third takbir, 00:08:00.240 --> 00:08:02.240 Among them is: 00:08:04.420 --> 00:08:06.420 On the authority of Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman, 00:08:06.420 --> 00:08:09.420 ‘Awf ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:08:09.420 --> 00:08:14.420 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, prayed over a funeral, 00:08:14.420 --> 00:08:17.420 And I memorized his supplication, as he was saying: 00:08:17.420 --> 00:08:20.420 "O Allah, forgive him and have mercy on him," 00:08:20.420 --> 00:08:22.420 "Grant him well-being and pardon him," 00:08:22.420 --> 00:08:25.420 "Honor his reception and expand his entrance," 00:08:25.420 --> 00:08:29.420 "Wash him with water, snow, and hail," 00:08:29.420 --> 00:08:31.420 "And cleanse him of sins," 00:08:31.420 --> 00:08:34.419 "As a white garment is cleansed of filth," 00:08:34.419 --> 00:08:37.419 "Replace his home with a better home than his," 00:08:37.419 --> 00:08:40.419 "And his family with a better family than his," 00:08:40.419 --> 00:08:43.419 "And his spouse with a better spouse than his," 00:08:43.419 --> 00:08:45.419 "And admit him into Paradise," 00:08:45.419 --> 00:08:49.419 "And protect him from the punishment of the grave and the punishment of the Fire." 00:08:49.419 --> 00:08:54.490 Until I wished that I were that deceased person. 00:08:54.490 --> 00:08:56.490 Narrated by Muslim. 00:08:56.490 --> 00:08:59.190 "Honor his reception" (akrim nuzulahu), 00:08:59.190 --> 00:09:02.350 Meaning: make his portion in Paradise the best. 00:09:02.350 --> 00:09:06.350 "His entrance" (madkhalahu) means the place he enters. 00:09:06.350 --> 00:09:09.580 Which is his grave, into which Allah admits him. 00:09:09.580 --> 00:09:12.580 "Filth" (danas) means dirt. 00:09:12.580 --> 00:09:16.700 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:09:16.700 --> 00:09:18.700 One should be keen to memorize knowledge. 00:09:18.700 --> 00:09:22.700 To acquire it from its masters and convey it to the people. 00:09:22.700 --> 00:09:25.110 The funeral prayer 00:09:25.110 --> 00:09:30.659 Is a plea to Allah to have mercy on the deceased and overlook his faults. 00:09:30.659 --> 00:09:35.100 The permissibility of purification with water, snow, and hail. 00:09:35.100 --> 00:09:38.100 The superiority of white garments over others. 00:09:38.100 --> 00:09:41.100 And that they signify purity and clarity. 00:09:41.100 --> 00:09:44.970 Affirmation of the punishment of the grave. 00:09:44.970 --> 00:09:48.970 The permissibility of a person wishing to be in the place of that deceased person, 00:09:48.970 --> 00:09:52.970 Due to the excellent, accepted supplication he is receiving. 00:09:52.970 --> 00:09:57.090 And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah, Abu Qatadah, 00:09:57.090 --> 00:10:00.090 And Abu Ibrahim al-Ashhali, from his father, 00:10:00.090 --> 00:10:02.090 And his father was a Companion, 00:10:02.090 --> 00:10:04.090 May Allah be pleased with them all, 00:10:04.090 --> 00:10:07.090 From the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:10:07.090 --> 00:10:09.090 That he prayed over a funeral, 00:10:09.090 --> 00:10:10.090 And said: 00:10:10.090 --> 00:10:14.120 "O Allah, forgive our living and our dead," 00:10:14.120 --> 00:10:17.120 "Our young and our old," 00:10:17.120 --> 00:10:19.120 "Our males and our females," 00:10:19.120 --> 00:10:22.120 "Those of us who are present and those who are absent." 00:10:22.120 --> 00:10:25.179 "O Allah, whoever among us You keep alive," 00:10:25.179 --> 00:10:27.179 "Keep him alive upon Islam," 00:10:27.179 --> 00:10:29.179 "And whoever among us You take in death," 00:10:30.179 --> 00:10:32.179 "Take him in death upon faith." 00:10:32.179 --> 00:10:35.179 "O Allah, do not deprive us of his reward," 00:10:35.179 --> 00:10:37.179 "And do not put us to trial after him." 00:10:37.179 --> 00:10:40.309 Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 00:10:40.309 --> 00:10:43.179 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:10:43.179 --> 00:10:47.299 The permissibility of supplicating for both the living and the dead. 00:10:47.299 --> 00:10:51.779 All goodness lies in a person dying upon faith. 00:10:51.779 --> 00:10:53.779 And living upon Islam. 00:10:53.779 --> 00:10:56.039 The desirability of a servant supplicating 00:10:56.039 --> 00:10:59.039 That Allah rectify his outward and inward state. 00:10:59.039 --> 00:11:02.039 And that He cause him to die in the best state. 00:11:02.039 --> 00:11:05.519 A warning against a person feeling secure regarding himself, 00:11:05.519 --> 00:11:09.519 Against turning away from the state of goodness he is in. 00:11:09.519 --> 00:11:14.519 Rather, he must always ask Allah for steadfastness upon faith. 00:11:14.519 --> 00:11:19.539 And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:11:19.539 --> 00:11:23.539 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saying: 00:11:23.539 --> 00:11:26.539 "When you pray over the deceased," 00:11:26.539 --> 00:11:28.539 "Make your supplication for him sincere." 00:11:29.669 --> 00:11:31.669 Narrated by Abu Dawud. 00:11:31.669 --> 00:11:35.659 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:11:35.659 --> 00:11:39.659 The desirability of supplicating for the deceased with sincerity and presence of heart. 00:11:39.659 --> 00:11:43.139 Part of sincerity in supplicating for the deceased 00:11:43.139 --> 00:11:45.139 Is to single him out in supplication. 00:11:45.139 --> 00:11:48.139 And to be earnest in beseeching Allah. 00:11:48.139 --> 00:11:53.139 Because this prayer is essentially a request for forgiveness and intercession for the deceased. 00:11:53.139 --> 00:11:57.139 And its acceptance is hoped for from the one who persists. 00:11:57.139 --> 00:12:01.899 And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:12:01.899 --> 00:12:06.940 From the Prophet, peace be upon him, regarding the funeral prayer: 00:12:06.940 --> 00:12:08.940 "O Allah, You are its Lord," 00:12:08.940 --> 00:12:10.940 "And You created it," 00:12:10.940 --> 00:12:13.940 "And You guided it to Islam," 00:12:13.940 --> 00:12:15.940 "And You took its soul," 00:12:15.940 --> 00:12:19.940 And You know best what is hidden and what is manifest within them. 00:12:19.940 --> 00:12:22.940 We have come to You as intercessors for him. 00:12:22.940 --> 00:12:25.100 So He forgave him. 00:12:25.100 --> 00:12:27.100 Narrated by Abu Dawud. 00:12:27.100 --> 00:12:29.799 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:12:29.799 --> 00:12:34.960 Supplicating to Allah the Exalted to forgive whoever died as a monotheist. 00:12:34.960 --> 00:12:37.960 And to overlook his lapses. 00:12:37.960 --> 00:12:41.220 The testimony of the servants is based on what is apparent. 00:12:41.220 --> 00:12:45.220 While they entrust the inner secrets of the creation to their Lord. 00:12:45.220 --> 00:12:48.220 He who knows the secret and what is even more hidden. 00:12:48.220 --> 00:12:53.240 On the authority of Wathilah Ibn al-Asqa', may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:12:53.240 --> 00:12:57.240 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, led us in prayer. 00:12:57.240 --> 00:13:00.240 Over a man from among the Muslims. 00:13:00.240 --> 00:13:02.240 And I heard him saying: 00:13:02.240 --> 00:13:05.370 "O Allah, so-and-so, son of so-and-so, 00:13:05.370 --> 00:13:08.370 is under Your protection and the bond of Your neighborhood. 00:13:08.370 --> 00:13:12.370 Protect him from the trial of the grave and the punishment of the Fire. 00:13:12.370 --> 00:13:15.370 For You are the Lord of faithfulness and praise. 00:13:15.370 --> 00:13:18.399 O Allah, forgive him and have mercy upon him. 00:13:18.399 --> 00:13:22.559 Indeed, You are the Forgiving, the Merciful." 00:13:22.559 --> 00:13:26.299 Narrated by Abu Dawud. 00:13:26.299 --> 00:13:28.299 "Under Your protection and neighborhood": 00:13:28.299 --> 00:13:31.360 Meaning under Your covenant and security. 00:13:31.360 --> 00:13:33.360 "Protect him from the trial of the grave": 00:13:33.360 --> 00:13:37.360 Meaning, save him from the trial of the grave and the punishment of the Fire. 00:13:37.360 --> 00:13:41.220 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:13:41.220 --> 00:13:46.220 A person is attributed to his father, not his mother, in this world and the hereafter. 00:13:46.220 --> 00:13:49.769 The recommendation of asking Allah, the Majestic and Exalted, 00:13:49.769 --> 00:13:53.769 To protect the deceased from the punishment of the grave and the punishment of Hell. 00:13:53.769 --> 00:13:56.769 We seek refuge in Allah from both. 00:13:56.769 --> 00:14:00.179 The affirmation of the punishment of the grave and its trial. 00:14:00.179 --> 00:14:02.860 And that it is a reality. 00:14:02.860 --> 00:14:05.860 The recommendation of praising Allah as He deserves 00:14:05.860 --> 00:14:08.860 When supplicating and beseeching Him. 00:14:08.860 --> 00:14:14.070 On the authority of 'Abdullah Ibn Abi Awfa, may Allah be pleased with them both: 00:14:14.070 --> 00:14:19.070 That he performed four takbirs over the funeral of a daughter of his. 00:14:19.070 --> 00:14:24.070 Then he stood after the fourth for the duration of the time between two takbirs. 00:14:24.070 --> 00:14:26.070 Seeking forgiveness for her and supplicating. 00:14:26.070 --> 00:14:28.070 Then he said: 00:14:28.070 --> 00:14:33.070 "The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, used to do this." 00:14:33.070 --> 00:14:35.139 And in another narration: 00:14:35.139 --> 00:14:37.139 He performed four takbirs. 00:14:37.139 --> 00:14:39.139 Then he paused for a while, 00:14:39.139 --> 00:14:42.139 Until I thought he was going to perform a fifth takbir. 00:14:42.139 --> 00:14:46.139 Then he performed the taslim to his right and to his left. 00:14:46.139 --> 00:14:48.139 When he finished, 00:14:48.139 --> 00:14:50.139 We asked him, "What is this?" 00:14:50.139 --> 00:14:52.139 He replied: 00:14:52.139 --> 00:14:58.139 "I am not adding anything for you beyond what I saw the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, doing." 00:14:58.139 --> 00:14:59.139 Or: 00:14:59.139 --> 00:15:04.230 "This is how the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, acted." 00:15:04.230 --> 00:15:06.230 Narrated by al-Hakim. 00:15:06.230 --> 00:15:10.289 Among the benefits of the hadith: 00:15:10.289 --> 00:15:15.799 The legitimacy of supplicating between the final takbir and the taslim. 00:15:15.799 --> 00:15:22.279 The eagerness of the Companions to follow the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 00:15:22.279 --> 00:15:28.279 The permissibility of asking someone who performed an action whose reason is not apparent, so that he may explain it. 00:15:28.279 --> 00:15:33.440 Riyadh al-Salihin.