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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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Treasures of the Prophetic Biography.

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Truly, in eloquent speech there is magic.

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Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) narrated:

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There sat in the company of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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Qays ibn 'Asim,

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Al-Zibriqan ibn Badr,

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and 'Amr ibn al-Ahtam.

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[Al-Zibriqan praised himself, saying:] "I am obeyed among them, my requests are answered,

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I am the strongest in defending them against injustice,

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and I secure their rights for them."

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"And this man knows it,"

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referring to 'Amr ibn al-Ahtam.

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Thereupon, 'Amr ibn al-Ahtam said:

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"He is indeed a man of sharp speech,

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fiercely protective of his side,

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and obeyed among his immediate kin."

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Al-Zibriqan remarked:

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"By Allah, O Messenger of Allah!

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He knows things about me other than what he has said,

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and nothing prevented him from speaking

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except sheer envy!"

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'Amr ibn al-Ahtam retorted:

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"I envy you?!

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By Allah, you are a man of ignoble maternal uncles,

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a paltry wealth,

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a foolish father,

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and a worthless outcast among your clan!

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By Allah, O Messenger of Allah,

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I spoke the truth in what I said first,

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and I did not lie in what I said last!

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But I am a man who,

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when pleased, says the best of what he knows,

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and when angered, says the worst of what he finds."

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"Yet I spoke the truth in both the former and the latter statement!"

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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) then said:

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"Truly, in eloquent speech there is magic."

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Treasures of the Prophetic Biography.

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The Delegation of Banu 'Amir

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and their attempted assassination of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

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Among them were 'Amir ibn al-Tufayl,

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Arbad ibn Qays,

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and Jabbar ibn Salama.

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These men were the leaders of the tribe

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and their evil ringleaders.

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The enemy of Allah, 'Amir ibn al-Tufayl, advanced

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toward the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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intending to act treacherously against him.

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His people had said to him:

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"O 'Amir!

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Indeed, the people have accepted Islam."

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He replied:

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"By Allah, I swore an oath

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that I would not stop until the Arabs follow in my footsteps;

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shall I then follow in the footsteps of this youth from Quraysh?!"

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Then he said to Arbad:

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"When we reach the man,

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I will distract his attention from you;

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so when I do that,

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strike him with your sword!"

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When they came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

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'Amir said:

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"O Muhammad,

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grant me a private audience."

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Meaning: "I want to speak with you alone."

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The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) replied:

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"No, by Allah,

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not until you believe in Allah alone."

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He said: "O Muhammad,

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grant me a private audience!"

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He replied:

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"Not until you believe in Allah alone, without any partner."

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When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) refused his request,

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'Amir said to him:

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"By Allah, I will surely fill the land against you with horses and foot soldiers!"

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As 'Amir turned and walked away,

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the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) prayed:

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"O Allah, protect me against 'Amir ibn al-Tufayl as You will."

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When they left the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

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'Amir said to Arbad:

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"Woe to you, O Arbad!

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Where was that which I commanded you to do?

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By Allah, there was no one on the face of the earth whom I feared more for myself than you,

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but by Allah,

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I shall never fear you after today!"

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Arbad replied to him:

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"May you lose your father!

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Do not be hasty with me.

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By Allah, every time I attempted to carry out what you commanded me,

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you stepped between me and the man!

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Was I supposed to strike you with the sword?!"

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They then set out on their return journey to their homeland.

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While they were on the way,

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Allah afflicted 'Amir ibn al-Tufayl with a plague-bubonic swelling in his neck,

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and Allah Almighty caused him to die in the house of a woman from Banu Salul—

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who were among the most humiliated and weakest of the Arabs.

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'Amir ibn al-Tufayl lamented:

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"A plague-buboe like that of a camel,

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and a death in the house of a Saluli woman?!"

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He then rode out and died along the road.

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It is recorded in Sahih al-Bukhari

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that 'Amir ibn al-Tufayl came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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and said to him:

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"I give you three choices:

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you shall rule the nomads of the plains,

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while I rule the town-dwellers;

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or I shall be your successor after you;

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or else I will launch an invasion against you with the Ghatafan tribe,

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leading a thousand reddish-brown horses and a thousand mares."

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Later, he was afflicted with a plague-boil in the house of a woman,

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and he exclaimed: "A plague-boil like the buboe of a young camel,

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in the house of a woman from the tribe of Such-and-Such?!

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Bring me my horse!"

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So he mounted it and died on the back of his horse.

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Treasures of the Prophetic Biography.

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The Delegation of 'Abd al-Qays.

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In the Two Sahihs, it is narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father)

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that the delegation of 'Abd al-Qays came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

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He asked them: "Who are these people?" or "Which delegation is this?"

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They replied: "From the tribe of Rabi'ah."

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He said: "Welcome to the delegation,

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who come neither disgraced nor regretful."

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They said: "O Messenger of Allah,

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between us and you lies this tribe of the disbelievers of Mudar,

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and we cannot reach you except during the sacred month.

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So give us a decisive command

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that we may adhere to it, convey it to those we left behind,

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and by which we may enter Paradise."

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He (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:

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"I command you with four things and forbid you from four:

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I command you to believe in Allah alone.

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Do you know what belief in Allah alone entails?

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It is testifying that there is no god but Allah

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and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,

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establishing prayer,

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paying zakat,

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fasting Ramadan,

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and giving one-fifth of the war booty.

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And I forbid you from four things:

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[using vessels made of] gourds (ad-dubba'), green glazed jars (al-hantam),

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hollowed palm-stumps (an-naqir), and pitch-smeared vessels (al-muzaffat).

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Memorize these commands and convey them to those behind you."

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In a narration by Muslim,

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they said: "O Messenger of Allah,

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how do you know what an-naqir is?"

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He replied: "Indeed I do;

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it is a palm trunk that you hollow out,

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into which you throw dates,

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then you pour water over them until it ferments;

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when it settles, you drink it,

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to the extent that one of you might strike his cousin with a sword!"

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Among the delegation was a man who bore a sword scar from just such an incident;

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he said: "I used to conceal my scar out of shyness before the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)."

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They asked: "In what vessels should we drink, O Messenger of Allah?"

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He said: "In leather waterskins

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whose mouths are tied shut."

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They said: "O Messenger of Allah,

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our land abounds in field rats,

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which leave no leather waterskin intact."

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He replied: "Even if the field rats gnaw them,"

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repeating it two or three times.

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Then he said to Al-Ashajj, the chief of 'Abd al-Qays,

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who was one of the delegates:

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"You possess two qualities that Allah loves:

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forbearance and deliberate calmness."

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Treasures of the Prophetic Biography.

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The Delegation of Banu Hanifah.

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The delegation of Banu Hanifah came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

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and among them was Musaylimah the Liar.

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Musaylimah said:

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"If Muhammad grants me leadership after him, I will follow him."

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He arrived with a vast number of his people.

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The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) walked up to him,

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accompanied by Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas,

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and carrying in his hand

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a piece of a dry date-palm branch.

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He stood over Musaylimah

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and said to him:

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"Even if you were to ask me for this dry palm-twig, I would not give it to you.

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You cannot bypass the decree of Allah concerning you,

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and if you turn your back—

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meaning, away from Islam—

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Allah will surely destroy you!

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Indeed, I see that you are the very person regarding whom I was shown what I was shown in my vision.

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Here is Thabit, who will answer you on my behalf."

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He then turned away and left him.

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Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father) said:

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"I asked about the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him):

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'You are the very person regarding whom I was shown what I was shown,'

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inquiring as to what he meant by this statement."

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"So Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) informed me

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that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:

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'While I was sleeping,

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I saw two golden bracelets placed on my hands,

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and their presence distressed me.

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It was inspired to me in the dream to blow upon them,

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so I blew upon them, and they flew away.

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I interpreted them as two impostors who would appear after me.'"

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On the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him), he said:

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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:

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"While I was sleeping,

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I was brought the treasures of the earth,

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and two golden bracelets were placed in my hands.

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That distressed me and made me anxious,

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but it was revealed to me that I should blow on them,

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so I blew on them and they flew away.

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I interpreted them as the two liars between whom I am placed:

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the ruler of Sanaa and the ruler of Al-Yamamah,

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namely Al-Aswad al-Ansi

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and Musaylimah the Liar."

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Despite what Musaylimah said to the Prophet (peace be upon him),

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and despite what 'Amir ibn al-Tufayl said,

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nevertheless, the Prophet (peace be upon him)

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did not execute either of them,

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because they were part of the visiting delegations and emissaries,

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and emissaries are not to be killed,

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just as the Prophet (peace be upon him)

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never acts treacherously.

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There came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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the delegation of Tayy,

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among whom was Zayd al-Khayl,

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who was their chieftain.

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When they reached the Prophet (peace be upon him),

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he spoke to them and presented Islam to them,

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so they embraced Islam and became excellent Muslims.

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Then the Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

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"No Arab man has ever been described to me as possessing virtue,

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and then came to me, except that I found him to be less than what was said about him—

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except Zayd al-Khayl;

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for indeed, what was said of him did not even reach the full measure of what he truly possessed."

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Then the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) renamed him

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"Zayd al-Khayr" (Zayd the Good).

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He granted him Fayd and lands alongside it,

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and wrote a decree for him to that effect.

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He then departed from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him),

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returning to his people.

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The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

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"If Zayd escapes the fever of Medina..."—

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and "if" here carries a negative sense,

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meaning he would not survive it.

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When he reached a body of water in Najd

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called Fardah,

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he was struck by the fever and passed away.

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As he felt death approaching, he recited:

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"Will the people of the East depart in the morning,

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leaving me behind in a house at Fardah, seeking a savior?

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Ah, how many a day, were I sick, would I be visited

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by women whose visits bring no relief to one who suffers!"

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Treasures of the Prophetic Biography.

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The Delegation of Kindah.

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Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays came

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in the delegation of Kindah to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him),

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among eighty—or sixty—mounted men.

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They entered upon the Prophet of Allah (peace be upon him) in his mosque,

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having combed their long hair and armed themselves.

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When they entered before him,

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the Prophet (peace be upon him) asked them:

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"Have you not embraced Islam?"

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They replied, "Yes, indeed."

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He said, "Then why is this silk around your necks?"

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So they tore it off;

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they tore it off, stripped it away, and discarded it.

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Al-Ash'ath said:

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"We came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) as the delegation of Kindah,

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and they regarded me as the most noble among them.

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So I said, 'O Messenger of Allah,

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are you not from us?'

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He replied, 'No, we are the descendants of Al-Nadr ibn Kinanah;

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we do not trace our mother's lineage falsely,

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nor do we disown our father.'"

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That was because the Prophet (peace be upon him) had a grandmother from Kindah.

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Treasures of the Prophetic Biography.

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The Delegation of the Ash'arites,

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who were the people of Yemen.

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The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:

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"There shall come to you a people

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who have softer hearts than yours."

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When the Ash'arites arrived,

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they began chanting war poetry, saying:

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"Tomorrow we shall meet our beloved ones,

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Muhammad and his companions!"

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On the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him), he said:

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I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) say:

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"The people of Yemen have come to you;

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they are gentler in spirit and softer at heart.

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Faith is Yemeni, and wisdom is Yemeni.

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Tranquility is among the owners of sheep,

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while pride and arrogance are among the rude, loud owners of camels from the desert folk

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towards the rising of the sun."

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In Sahih al-Bukhari, it is recorded that

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a group of people from Banu Tamim came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).

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He said to them:

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"Glad tidings, O Banu Tamim!"

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They said:

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"You have given us glad tidings, so now give us wealth!"

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Upon hearing this, the expression of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) changed.

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Then a group of people from Yemen arrived,

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so he said to them:

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"Accept the glad tidings, O people of Yemen,

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since Banu Tamim have rejected them."

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They replied, "We accept!"

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Then they said, "O Messenger of Allah,

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we have come to gain understanding in the religion

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and to ask you about the beginning of this creation."

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He said:

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"Allah existed when there was nothing other than Him,

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“And He it is Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days - and His Throne was upon the water - that He might try you, which of you is best in conduct. Yet if thou (O Muhammad) sayest: Lo! ye will be raised again after death! those who disbelieve will surely say: This is naught but mere magic.” (11:7)

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and He recorded everything in the Preserved Tablet."

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Treasures of the Prophetic Biography.

310
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The Delegation of Hamdan.

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Al-Bayhaqi narrated with an authentic chain of transmission—

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as Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) stated—

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from the hadith of Abu Ishaq,

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on the authority of Al-Bara' (may Allah be pleased with him):

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The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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sent Khalid ibn al-Walid to the people of Yemen

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to invite them to Islam.

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Al-Bara' said:

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"I was among those who went out with Khalid ibn al-Walid.

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We stayed for six months calling them to Islam,

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but they did not respond to him.

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Then the Prophet (peace be upon him)

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00:15:55,049 --> 00:15:58,049
sent 'Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him),

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ordering him to send Khalid back,

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except for any man who was with Khalid

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and preferred to remain behind with 'Ali—

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meaning that Khalid should return

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00:16:08,049 --> 00:16:10,049
along with whoever wished to return,

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while whoever wished to stay with 'Ali could do so."

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Al-Bara' said:

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"So I was among those who stayed behind with 'Ali.

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When we drew near the people,

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they came out to meet us.

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00:16:22,110 --> 00:16:25,110
'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) led us in prayer,

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00:16:25,110 --> 00:16:28,110
then aligned us in a single rank,

336
00:16:28,110 --> 00:16:30,110
stepped forward in front of us,

337
00:16:30,110 --> 00:16:35,110
and read to them the letter of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).

338
00:16:35,110 --> 00:16:38,110
Thereupon, the entire tribe of Hamdan embraced Islam.

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00:16:38,110 --> 00:16:43,110
So 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) wrote to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)

340
00:16:43,110 --> 00:16:45,110
informing him of their conversion.

341
00:16:45,110 --> 00:16:49,110
When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) read the letter,

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he fell prostrate in gratitude,

343
00:16:51,110 --> 00:16:54,110
then raised his head and said:

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'Peace be upon Hamdan!

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Peace be upon Hamdan!'

346
00:16:59,110 --> 00:17:04,180
And in this incident is the precedent for prostrating upon hearing good news."

347
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Treasures of the Prophetic Biography.

348
00:17:07,240 --> 00:17:11,859
The Delegation of Najran.

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00:17:11,859 --> 00:17:16,910
There came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)

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the delegation of the Christians of Najran,

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consisting of sixty mounted men,

352
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among whom were twenty-four of their noblemen.

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Among them was Al-'Aqib,

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the leader of the group,

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00:17:27,910 --> 00:17:29,910
their man of judgment,

356
00:17:29,910 --> 00:17:31,910
their chief counselor,

357
00:17:31,910 --> 00:17:35,910
and the one without whose opinion and order they would make no decision;

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his name was 'Abd al-Masih.

359
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With him was another leader,

360
00:17:39,910 --> 00:17:42,910
who was in charge of their baggage and administrative affairs,

361
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named Al-Ayham.

362
00:17:44,910 --> 00:17:47,910
There was also Abu Harithah ibn 'Alqamah,

363
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a man of Banu Bakr ibn Wa'il,

364
00:17:49,910 --> 00:17:51,910
who was their bishop, scholar,

365
00:17:51,910 --> 00:17:54,910
religious leader, and head of their seminaries.

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00:17:54,910 --> 00:17:56,910
Abu Harithah

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00:17:56,910 --> 00:17:59,910
held a position of high honor among them and had studied their scriptures

368
00:17:59,910 --> 00:18:02,910
until his knowledge of their religion became profound.

369
00:18:02,910 --> 00:18:05,910
The Christian kings of the Byzantine Empire

370
00:18:05,910 --> 00:18:08,910
had honored him, funded him,

371
00:18:08,910 --> 00:18:10,940
and built churches for him.

372
00:18:10,940 --> 00:18:12,940
When he set out to go to the Messenger of Allah,

373
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Abu Harithah sat

374
00:18:15,940 --> 00:18:17,940
upon his mule,

375
00:18:17,940 --> 00:18:19,940
heading towards the Messenger of Allah

376
00:18:19,940 --> 00:18:21,940
(peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

377
00:18:21,940 --> 00:18:23,940
Riding beside him was a brother of his

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00:18:23,940 --> 00:18:25,940
named Kurz ibn 'Alqamah,

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00:18:25,940 --> 00:18:27,940
traveling along with him.

380
00:18:27,940 --> 00:18:29,940
Suddenly, Abu Harithah's mule stumbled,

381
00:18:29,940 --> 00:18:31,940
whereupon Kurz said to him:

382
00:18:31,940 --> 00:18:33,940
"May that wretched man perish!"—

383
00:18:33,940 --> 00:18:35,940
referring to the Messenger of Allah

384
00:18:35,940 --> 00:18:37,940
(peace be upon him).

385
00:18:37,940 --> 00:18:39,940
Abu Harithah said to him:

386
00:18:39,940 --> 00:18:41,940
"Nay, it is you who should perish!"

387
00:18:42,940 --> 00:18:43,940
Kurz asked him:

388
00:18:43,940 --> 00:18:45,940
"Why, my brother?"

389
00:18:45,940 --> 00:18:47,940
Abu Harithah replied:

390
00:18:47,940 --> 00:18:49,940
"By Allah, he is indeed the Prophet

391
00:18:49,940 --> 00:18:51,940
whom we have been awaiting!"

392
00:18:51,940 --> 00:18:53,940
Kurz said to him:

393
00:18:53,940 --> 00:18:56,940
"Then what prevents you from following him, knowing this?"

394
00:18:56,940 --> 00:18:58,940
He answered:

395
00:18:58,940 --> 00:19:00,940
"It is what these kings have done for us;

396
00:19:00,940 --> 00:19:02,940
if I were to do so,

397
00:19:02,940 --> 00:19:04,940
they would strip away from us everything you see."