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A summary of the concepts held by the Ahl al-Sunnah.

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The hardness of the heart, its lack of tenderness, and its lack of humility.

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There are several causes for the heart’s hardness and lack of tenderness.

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The primary cause is a weak knowledge of Allah—Mighty and Majestic is He—and of His Most Beautiful Names.

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This results in a weakened sense of reverence for Allah Almighty within the heart.

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And a diminished fear of Him, Glorified be He.

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Consequently, all other spiritual ailments of the heart follow.

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Another cause is the heart being filled with the love of this world and its desires.

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For how could a heart that is scattered across the paths and valleys of this world,

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Truly contemplate, soften, or humble itself before the majesty and greatness of Allah?

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When the abundance of sins and acts of disobedience is added to this love of the world,

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The hardening of the heart becomes entrenched, as the Almighty said:

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“Nay, but that which they have earned is rust upon their hearts.” (83:14)

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Meaning, their sins have covered and veiled their hearts.

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The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said:

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"When a believer commits a sin,

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A black spot appears on his heart.

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If he repents, desists, and seeks forgiveness,

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His heart is polished.

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But if he increases in sin, the spots increase,

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Until his heart is covered by the 'ran' (rust) that Allah, Mighty and Majestic is He, mentioned in the Qur'an."

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Narrated by Ahmad and al-Tirmidhi, and classified as hasan by al-Albani.

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When the heart hardens and humility departs from it,

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It may manifest only in the body,

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A false, hollow humility that some of the salaf called,

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The humility of hypocrisy.

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This is when the body appears humble,

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While the heart is not humble at all.

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The person with a hard, petrified heart,

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Is not benefited by signs or exhortations.

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The words of Allah Almighty hold true for him:

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“Will they then not meditate on the Qur'an, or are there locks on the hearts?” (47:24)

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Nor are they turned back by calamities and trials.

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Rather, he becomes one of those who turn away,

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As the Almighty said:

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“How many a portent is there in the heavens and the earth which they pass by with face averted!” (12:105)

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And they are turning away from them.