WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:05.469 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.469 --> 00:00:11.470 A Abridgment of the Book *Ramadan: Events and Lessons*. 00:00:11.470 --> 00:00:24.039 The marriage of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to the Mother of the Believers, Zaynab bint Khuzaymah (may Allah be pleased with her). 00:00:24.039 --> 00:00:31.320 The time: In the month of Ramadan, in the third year of the Hijrah. 00:00:31.320 --> 00:00:39.710 Marriage is a law among the universal laws governing living beings, 00:00:39.710 --> 00:00:44.710 for through it they endure, multiply, grow, and live. 00:00:44.710 --> 00:00:47.710 It serves many noble objectives 00:00:47.710 --> 00:00:52.710 through which life stability and sexual purity are achieved, 00:00:52.710 --> 00:00:57.710 along with individual, familial, and societal happiness. 00:00:57.710 --> 00:01:00.899 It is a Sunnah among the sunnahs of the messengers, 00:01:00.899 --> 00:01:02.899 who are the role models for all creation. 00:01:02.899 --> 00:01:04.900 Allah said regarding them: 00:01:04.900 --> 00:01:11.900 “And verily We sent messengers (to mankind) before thee, and We appointed for them wives and offspring, and it was not (given) to any messenger that he should bring a portent save by Allah's leave. For everything there is a time prescribed.” (13:38) 00:01:11.900 --> 00:01:17.159 Indeed, the prophets and messengers (peace be upon them) married, 00:01:17.159 --> 00:01:21.159 and they encouraged this practical Sunnah of life. 00:01:21.159 --> 00:01:27.189 Among those messengers was our Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:01:27.189 --> 00:01:31.189 Allah Almighty made him an excellent role model 00:01:31.189 --> 00:01:34.189 in this path through both his actions and his speech. 00:01:34.189 --> 00:01:41.189 Allah Almighty legislated for a Muslim man to marry up to four women. 00:01:41.189 --> 00:01:43.189 He, Almighty, said: 00:01:43.189 --> 00:01:57.189 "And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphan girls, then marry those that please you from among women—two, three, or four." 00:01:57.189 --> 00:02:05.189 “And if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans, marry of the women, who seem good to you, two or three or four; and if ye fear that ye cannot do justice (to so many) then one (only) or (the captives) that your right hands possess. Thus it is more likely that ye will not do injustice.” (4:3) 00:02:05.189 --> 00:02:11.189 "That is more suitable that you may not incline to injustice." 00:02:11.189 --> 00:02:15.639 And Allah Almighty permitted His Messenger to exceed that limit 00:02:15.639 --> 00:02:19.639 for noble purposes and wisdoms, some of which will be mentioned. 00:02:19.639 --> 00:02:23.639 Thus he was an example for others in multiplying wives, 00:02:23.639 --> 00:02:25.639 as a means of expanding the Ummah 00:02:25.639 --> 00:02:29.639 and bringing forth additional servants of Allah Almighty. 00:02:29.639 --> 00:02:32.900 Sa'id ibn Jubayr said: 00:02:32.900 --> 00:02:34.900 Ibn 'Abbas said to me, 00:02:34.900 --> 00:02:36.900 "Have you married?" 00:02:36.900 --> 00:02:37.900 I replied, "No." 00:02:37.900 --> 00:02:40.900 He said, "Then marry, 00:02:40.900 --> 00:02:44.900 for the best of this Ummah are those with the most wives." 00:02:44.900 --> 00:02:53.180 And when three individuals came asking about the secret worship of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:02:54.180 --> 00:02:57.310 one of them mentioned his total abstention from women. 00:02:57.310 --> 00:03:01.310 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: 00:03:01.310 --> 00:03:06.340 "By Allah, I am the most fearful of Allah among you and the most conscious of Him, 00:03:06.340 --> 00:03:13.379 yet I fast and break my fast, I pray and I sleep, and I marry women. 00:03:13.379 --> 00:03:17.379 Whoever turns away from my Sunnah is not of me." 00:03:17.379 --> 00:03:21.569 And the Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:03:22.569 --> 00:03:25.569 "Marry the loving and fertile woman, 00:03:25.569 --> 00:03:29.599 for I will outnumber the nations through you." 00:03:29.599 --> 00:03:33.599 For this reason, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married, 00:03:33.599 --> 00:03:37.599 taking a number of wives during the Medinan period. 00:03:37.599 --> 00:03:44.889 Allah Almighty chose for His Prophet the purest, most wholesome, and most virtuous of women, 00:03:44.889 --> 00:03:48.949 making them his wives in this world and the Hereafter, 00:03:48.949 --> 00:03:52.949 as an honor from Allah to His Messenger and to them as well. 00:03:52.949 --> 00:03:57.949 Therefore, He ordained specific rulings based on this matter, including: 00:03:57.949 --> 00:04:02.949 designated them as mothers to the believers in terms of righteousness and reverence, 00:04:02.949 --> 00:04:08.949 and prohibiting marriage to them after the Messenger of Allah, both during his lifetime and after his death. 00:04:08.949 --> 00:04:10.949 He Almighty said: 00:04:10.949 --> 00:04:16.949 “The Prophet is closer to the believers than their selves, and his wives are (as) their mothers. And the owners of kinship are closer one to another in the ordinance of Allah than (other) believers and the fugitives (who fled from Mecca), except that ye should do kindness to your friends. This is written in the Book (of nature).” (33:6) 00:04:16.949 --> 00:04:21.949 "And his wives are their mothers." 00:04:21.949 --> 00:04:24.209 And He Almighty said: 00:04:24.209 --> 00:04:39.209 “O Ye who believe! Enter not the dwellings of the Prophet for a meal without waiting for the proper time, unless permission be granted you. But if ye are invited, enter, and, when your meal is ended, then disperse. Linger not for conversation. Lo! that would cause annoyance to the Prophet, and he would be shy of (asking) you (to go); but Allah is not shy of the truth. And when ye ask of them (the wives of the Prophet) anything, ask it of them from behind a curtain. That is purer for your hearts and for their hearts. And it is not for you to cause annoyance to the messenger of Allah, nor that ye should ever marry his wives after him. Lo! that in Allah's sight would be an enormity.” (33:53) 00:04:39.209 --> 00:04:45.209 “O Ye who believe! Enter not the dwellings of the Prophet for a meal without waiting for the proper time, unless permission be granted you. But if ye are invited, enter, and, when your meal is ended, then disperse. Linger not for conversation. Lo! that would cause annoyance to the Prophet, and he would be shy of (asking) you (to go); but Allah is not shy of the truth. And when ye ask of them (the wives of the Prophet) anything, ask it of them from behind a curtain. That is purer for your hearts and for their hearts. And it is not for you to cause annoyance to the messenger of Allah, nor that ye should ever marry his wives after him. Lo! that in Allah's sight would be an enormity.” (33:53) 00:04:46.209 --> 00:04:51.620 The wives of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) were 00:04:51.620 --> 00:04:54.620 the ultimate role models for righteous believing women, 00:04:54.620 --> 00:04:58.620 who prioritized the Hereafter over the world. 00:04:58.620 --> 00:05:00.620 Demonstrating this is the fact that 00:05:00.620 --> 00:05:05.620 when the verse of choice was revealed in Surah Al-Ahzab, 00:05:05.620 --> 00:05:09.620 they chose Allah, His Messenger, and the Abode of the Hereafter, 00:05:09.620 --> 00:05:13.620 remaining patient through the poverty of worldly circumstances. 00:05:13.620 --> 00:05:18.689 Narrated 'A'ishah, the wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): 00:05:18.689 --> 00:05:24.689 When the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was commanded to give his wives the choice, 00:05:24.689 --> 00:05:26.689 he began with me, saying: 00:05:26.689 --> 00:05:29.689 "I am going to mention a matter to you, 00:05:29.689 --> 00:05:34.689 and you need not make a hasty decision until you consult your parents." 00:05:34.689 --> 00:05:35.779 She said: 00:05:35.779 --> 00:05:40.779 He knew that my parents would never command me to separate from him. 00:05:40.779 --> 00:05:42.779 She said: 00:05:42.779 --> 00:05:44.779 Then he said: 00:05:44.779 --> 00:05:47.779 "Indeed, Allah—glorious is His praise—has said..." 00:05:47.779 --> 00:05:59.879 “O Prophet! Say unto thy wives: If ye desire the world's life and its adornment, come! I will content you and will release you with a fair release.” (33:28) 00:05:59.879 --> 00:06:08.879 “O Prophet! Say unto thy wives: If ye desire the world's life and its adornment, come! I will content you and will release you with a fair release.” (33:28) 00:06:08.879 --> 00:06:24.980 “But if ye desire Allah and His messenger and the abode of the Hereafter, then lo! Allah hath prepared for the good among you an immense reward.” (33:29) 00:06:24.980 --> 00:06:27.389 She said: 00:06:27.389 --> 00:06:28.389 So I said: 00:06:28.389 --> 00:06:31.389 "Regarding what should I consult my parents? 00:06:31.389 --> 00:06:36.389 Indeed, I desire Allah, His Messenger, and the Abode of the Hereafter." 00:06:36.389 --> 00:06:37.490 She said: 00:06:37.490 --> 00:06:43.519 Then the rest of the Prophet's wives did just as I had done. 00:06:43.519 --> 00:06:46.699 The Mother of the Believers, 00:06:46.699 --> 00:06:50.699 Zaynab bint Khuzaymah (may Allah be pleased with her): 00:06:51.149 --> 00:06:54.149 Among those pure wives was 00:06:54.149 --> 00:06:59.149 the Mother of the Believers, Zaynab bint Khuzaymah (may Allah be pleased with her). 00:06:59.149 --> 00:07:02.149 She was Zaynab bint Khuzaymah ibn 'Abdullah 00:07:02.149 --> 00:07:05.149 ibn 'Umar ibn 'Abd Manaf 00:07:05.149 --> 00:07:09.149 ibn Hilal ibn 'Amir ibn Sa'sa'ah Al-Hilaliyyah, 00:07:09.149 --> 00:07:14.149 the Mother of the Believers and wife of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:07:14.149 --> 00:07:18.149 She used to be called "the Mother of the Poor" (*Umm Al-Masakin*), 00:07:18.149 --> 00:07:23.149 because she would feed them and give them charity. 00:07:23.149 --> 00:07:27.149 She was previously married to 'Abdullah ibn Jahsh (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:07:27.149 --> 00:07:29.149 who was martyred at Uhud, 00:07:29.149 --> 00:07:33.149 whereupon the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her. 00:07:33.149 --> 00:07:34.149 It is also said 00:07:34.149 --> 00:07:38.149 that she was married to Al-Tufayl ibn Al-Harith ibn Al-Muttalib, 00:07:38.149 --> 00:07:42.149 and then his brother 'Ubaydah ibn Al-Harith succeeded him as her husband. 00:07:42.149 --> 00:07:46.149 She was the maternal sister of Maymunah bint Al-Harith. 00:07:46.149 --> 00:07:50.220 The Prophet's (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) consummation of marriage with her 00:07:50.220 --> 00:07:54.220 occurred after his consummation with Hafsah bint 'Umar. 00:07:54.220 --> 00:08:00.220 She remained with him for only two or three months before passing away. 00:08:00.220 --> 00:08:02.220 Ibn Al-Kalbi stated: 00:08:02.220 --> 00:08:06.220 She was married to Al-Tufayl ibn Al-Harith, who divorced her, 00:08:06.220 --> 00:08:11.220 after which his brother succeeded him as her husband until he was killed at Badr. 00:08:11.220 --> 00:08:16.220 Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) proposed to her directly, 00:08:16.220 --> 00:08:18.220 and she entrusted her affair to him. 00:08:18.220 --> 00:08:23.220 He married her in the month of Ramadan in the third year, 00:08:23.220 --> 00:08:26.220 and she stayed with him for eight months, 00:08:26.220 --> 00:08:30.220 passing away in Rabi' Al-Thani of the fourth year. 00:08:30.220 --> 00:08:35.220 Al-Waqidi mentioned that her age was thirty years. 00:08:35.220 --> 00:08:38.950 The Mothers of the Believers, 00:08:38.950 --> 00:08:43.950 the dates of the Messenger of Allah's (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) marriages to them, 00:08:43.950 --> 00:08:46.240 and the years of their deaths: 00:08:46.240 --> 00:08:51.240 The total number of women with whom the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) contracted marriage was 00:08:52.240 --> 00:08:54.240 thirteen women. 00:08:54.240 --> 00:08:57.240 Among them were nine whom he left behind as widows upon his death, 00:08:57.240 --> 00:09:00.240 while two passed away during his lifetime: 00:09:00.240 --> 00:09:02.240 one was Khadijah, 00:09:02.240 --> 00:09:07.240 and the other was the Mother of the Poor, Zaynab bint Khuzaymah; 00:09:07.240 --> 00:09:10.240 and two with whom he did not consummate the marriage. 00:09:10.240 --> 00:09:12.240 Here are their names: 00:09:12.240 --> 00:09:17.340 First: Khadijah bint Khuwaylid (may Allah be pleased with her). 00:09:17.340 --> 00:09:21.370 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her 00:09:21.370 --> 00:09:24.370 when he was twenty-five years old, 00:09:24.370 --> 00:09:27.370 and the date of her death has been mentioned previously. 00:09:27.370 --> 00:09:31.590 Second: Sawdah bint Zam'ah. 00:09:31.590 --> 00:09:36.590 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her in Shawwal 00:09:36.590 --> 00:09:39.590 in the tenth year of Prophethood, 00:09:39.590 --> 00:09:42.590 about a month after the death of Khadijah. 00:09:42.590 --> 00:09:45.590 She passed away in Medina in Shawwal, 00:09:45.590 --> 00:09:48.590 in the fifty-fourth year of the Hijrah. 00:09:48.590 --> 00:09:53.940 Third: 'A'ishah bint Abi Bakr Al-Siddiq. 00:09:53.940 --> 00:09:55.980 He married her in Shawwal 00:09:55.980 --> 00:09:58.980 in the eleventh year of Prophethood, 00:09:58.980 --> 00:10:01.980 one year after his marriage to Sawdah, 00:10:01.980 --> 00:10:05.980 and two years and five months before the Hijrah. 00:10:05.980 --> 00:10:08.980 She passed away on the seventeenth of Ramadan 00:10:08.980 --> 00:10:11.980 in the fifty-seventh year of the Hijrah, 00:10:11.980 --> 00:10:14.980 or fifty-eighth year of the Hijrah. 00:10:14.980 --> 00:10:19.100 Fourth: Hafsah bint 'Umar ibn Al-Khattab. 00:10:19.100 --> 00:10:24.169 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her in Sha'ban 00:10:24.169 --> 00:10:27.169 in the third year of the Hijrah. 00:10:27.169 --> 00:10:32.169 She passed away in Sha'ban in the forty-fifth year of the Hijrah. 00:10:32.169 --> 00:10:37.299 Fifth: Zaynab bint Khuzaymah, who was mentioned previously. 00:10:37.299 --> 00:10:40.330 Sixth: Umm Salamah, 00:10:40.330 --> 00:10:43.330 Hind bint Abi Umayyah. 00:10:43.330 --> 00:10:47.360 She was married to Abu Salamah (may Allah be pleased with him). 00:10:47.360 --> 00:10:51.360 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her 00:10:51.360 --> 00:10:54.360 when a few nights remained of Shawwal 00:10:54.360 --> 00:10:57.360 in the fourth year of the Hijrah. 00:10:57.360 --> 00:11:00.360 She passed away in the fifty-ninth year of the Hijrah, 00:11:00.360 --> 00:11:03.360 and it is also said in sixty-two AH. 00:11:03.360 --> 00:11:07.460 Seventh: Zaynab bint Jahsh ibn Rabab 00:11:07.460 --> 00:11:10.460 from Banu Asad ibn Khuzaymah. 00:11:10.460 --> 00:11:15.460 She was the paternal cousin of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). 00:11:15.460 --> 00:11:20.490 The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) married her in Dhu Al-Qa'dah 00:11:20.490 --> 00:11:23.490 in the fifth year of the Hijrah, 00:11:23.490 --> 00:11:26.490 and it is also said in the fourth year of the Hijrah. 00:11:26.490 --> 00:11:29.490 She passed away in the twentieth year of the Hijrah. 00:11:29.490 --> 00:11:33.649 Eighth: Juwayriyah bint Al-Harith, 00:11:33.649 --> 00:11:36.649 the chief of Banu Al-Mustaliq from Khuza'ah. 00:11:36.649 --> 00:11:39.740 She was among the captives of Banu Al-Mustaliq, 00:11:39.740 --> 00:11:42.740 falling into the share of Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas. 00:11:42.740 --> 00:11:44.740 She wrote a contract of manumission (*mukatabah*), 00:11:44.740 --> 00:11:49.740 so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) settled her contract price 00:11:49.740 --> 00:11:53.740 and married her in Sha'ban in the sixth year of the Hijrah, 00:11:53.740 --> 00:11:57.740 and it is also said in the fifth year of the Hijrah. 00:11:57.740 --> 00:12:00.740 She passed away in Rabi' Al-Awwal 00:12:00.740 --> 00:12:03.740 in the fifty-sixth year of the Hijrah, 00:12:03.740 --> 00:12:06.740 and it is also said in fifty-five AH. 00:12:06.740 --> 00:12:09.970 Ninth: Umm Habibah, 00:12:09.970 --> 00:12:12.970 Ramlah bint Abi Sufyan. 00:12:12.970 --> 00:12:15.970 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her 00:12:15.970 --> 00:12:17.970 in the seventh year of the Hijrah. 00:12:17.970 --> 00:12:21.970 She passed away in the forty-second year of the Hijrah, 00:12:21.970 --> 00:12:24.970 or forty-four AH, 00:12:24.970 --> 00:12:26.970 or fifty AH. 00:12:26.970 --> 00:12:31.289 Tenth: Safiyyah bint Huyayy ibn Akhtab, 00:12:31.289 --> 00:12:35.289 chief of Banu Al-Nadir from the Israelites. 00:12:35.289 --> 00:12:37.289 She was among the captives of Khaybar, 00:12:37.289 --> 00:12:42.289 so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) selected her for himself. 00:12:42.289 --> 00:12:45.289 He offered Islam to her, and she accepted Islam; 00:12:45.289 --> 00:12:49.289 he then set her free and married her after the conquest of Khaybar 00:12:49.289 --> 00:12:51.289 in the seventh year of the Hijrah. 00:12:51.289 --> 00:12:54.289 She passed away in the fiftieth year of the Hijrah, 00:12:54.289 --> 00:12:58.289 and it is also said in fifty-two AH. 00:12:58.289 --> 00:13:00.480 Eleventh: 00:13:00.480 --> 00:13:02.480 Maymunah bint Al-Harith. 00:13:03.480 --> 00:13:08.480 The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) married her in Dhu Al-Qa'dah 00:13:08.480 --> 00:13:10.480 in the seventh year of the Hijrah. 00:13:10.480 --> 00:13:12.480 She passed away in Sarif 00:13:12.480 --> 00:13:15.480 in the sixty-first year of the Hijrah, 00:13:15.480 --> 00:13:19.480 and it is also said in sixty-three AH, 00:13:19.480 --> 00:13:24.860 or thirty-eight AH. 00:13:24.860 --> 00:13:27.860 Among the lessons from this event: 00:13:27.860 --> 00:13:28.860 First: 00:13:28.860 --> 00:13:34.860 Recognizing the merit of the Mother of the Believers, Zaynab bint Khuzaymah (may Allah be pleased with her), 00:13:34.860 --> 00:13:38.860 in her compassion toward the poor and her giving of charity to them, 00:13:38.860 --> 00:13:41.899 to the extent that she was known as "the Mother of the Poor." 00:13:41.899 --> 00:13:47.899 This became a commendable attribute for her during her life and after her passing, 00:13:47.899 --> 00:13:51.899 calling for her to be emulated in this noble deed. 00:13:51.899 --> 00:13:54.120 Second: 00:13:54.120 --> 00:13:57.120 The permissibility of marriage during Ramadan 00:13:57.120 --> 00:14:02.120 for one who trusts himself not to fall into what Allah has forbidden during daytime fasting hours. 00:14:02.120 --> 00:14:03.629 Third: 00:14:03.629 --> 00:14:08.629 Highlighting the virtue of the Prophet’s wives (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), 00:14:08.629 --> 00:14:11.629 and the magnitude of their right over the Ummah. 00:14:11.629 --> 00:14:15.629 For they are the wives of its Prophet in this world and the Hereafter, 00:14:15.629 --> 00:14:18.629 and they are the transmitters of the noble Sacred Law to it— 00:14:18.629 --> 00:14:22.629 details that no one else could have known, 00:14:22.629 --> 00:14:28.759 owing to what they observed of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) in the privacy of his home. 00:14:28.759 --> 00:14:30.820 Fourth: 00:14:30.820 --> 00:14:34.820 If a Muslim desires to marry more than one wife, 00:14:34.820 --> 00:14:40.080 he must have sound wisdom and righteous objectives for this endeavor. 00:14:40.080 --> 00:14:42.110 Fifth: 00:14:42.110 --> 00:14:44.110 The wives of scholars ought to 00:14:44.110 --> 00:14:49.110 convey their husbands' knowledge, good deeds, and righteous conduct 00:14:49.110 --> 00:14:52.110 that the public does not ordinarily see, 00:14:52.110 --> 00:14:57.100 thereby serving as a source of guidance and a model to be followed. 00:14:57.100 --> 00:15:01.100 Ramadan: Events and Lessons.