WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.520 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.520 --> 00:00:10.240 Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah). 00:00:10.240 --> 00:00:17.640 The establishment of brotherhood between the Emigrants (Muhajirun) and the Ansar. 00:00:17.640 --> 00:00:23.600 Then, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, established a bond of brotherhood between the Muhajirun and the Ansar. 00:00:23.600 --> 00:00:26.440 This took place in the house of Anas Ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:00:26.440 --> 00:00:28.800 They were ninety men. 00:00:28.800 --> 00:00:33.200 Half of them were from the Emigrants (Muhajirun) and half of them were from the Ansar. 00:00:33.700 --> 00:00:36.219 He established a bond of brotherhood between them based on mutual support and consolation. 00:00:36.219 --> 00:00:40.700 And they inherit from one another after death, to the exclusion of other distant relatives. 00:00:40.700 --> 00:00:45.700 This continued until Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, revealed [the verses] after the Battle of Badr. 00:00:45.700 --> 00:00:49.259 And those who are related by blood are more entitled to one another [in the Book of Allah]. 00:00:49.259 --> 00:00:52.439 Thus, the right of inheritance reverted to the relatives. 00:00:52.439 --> 00:00:57.399 The meaning of this brotherhood is that the prejudices of the pre-Islamic era should dissolve. 00:00:57.399 --> 00:01:00.439 There is no partisanship except for Islam. 00:01:00.479 --> 00:01:04.319 And that the distinctions of lineage, skin color, and homeland should fall away. 00:01:04.319 --> 00:01:08.219 The matter is one of taqwa (God-consciousness) and following the Sunnah. 00:01:08.219 --> 00:01:12.579 And when the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, arrived in Medina 00:01:12.579 --> 00:01:17.170 He established a bond of brotherhood between ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Awf and Sa‘d ibn al-Rabi‘. 00:01:17.170 --> 00:01:20.450 Sa'd said to 'Abd al-Rahman Ibn 'Awf, 00:01:20.450 --> 00:01:23.409 I possess more wealth than any of the Ansar. 00:01:23.409 --> 00:01:25.810 So I divided my wealth into two halves. 00:01:25.810 --> 00:01:27.530 And there were two women in charge. 00:01:27.530 --> 00:01:29.810 Then consider which of the two is more appealing to you. 00:01:29.849 --> 00:01:32.329 So he named her, and then he divorced her. 00:01:32.329 --> 00:01:36.150 Once her waiting period ('iddah) has concluded, he may marry her. 00:01:36.150 --> 00:01:38.670 Then ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Awf, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 00:01:38.670 --> 00:01:41.790 May Allah bless your family and your wealth. 00:01:41.790 --> 00:01:43.709 Where is your marketplace? 00:01:43.709 --> 00:01:47.150 They directed him to the market of Banu Qaynuqa'. 00:01:47.150 --> 00:01:51.790 There is no heart but that it carries some portion of goodness and virtue. 00:01:51.790 --> 00:01:53.709 Then he continued his morning journey. 00:01:53.709 --> 00:01:57.269 Then he came one day, and there was a trace of yellow on him. 00:01:57.310 --> 00:02:00.469 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, then said: 00:02:00.469 --> 00:02:03.390 What is the matter, or what is the situation? 00:02:03.390 --> 00:02:05.829 He said, "I got married." 00:02:05.829 --> 00:02:08.710 He said, as if he were being driven toward it. 00:02:08.710 --> 00:02:12.000 He said, "Two date-palm trees of gold." 00:02:12.000 --> 00:02:15.479 Narrated Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:02:15.479 --> 00:02:19.520 The Ansar said to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:02:19.520 --> 00:02:23.039 Divide the date palms between us and our brothers, the Ansar. 00:02:23.039 --> 00:02:24.719 He replied, "No." 00:02:24.719 --> 00:02:27.719 They said, "Then you will be spared the burden." 00:02:27.719 --> 00:02:30.080 And we share the fruits with you. 00:02:30.080 --> 00:02:33.960 They replied, "Yes, we have heard and we obey." 00:02:33.960 --> 00:02:37.719 This also points us toward two specific matters. 00:02:37.719 --> 00:02:40.879 Firstly, the generosity of the Ansar. 00:02:40.879 --> 00:02:43.960 Just as Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, has said: 00:02:43.960 --> 00:02:48.599 And those who were settled in the home and [in] faith before them. 00:02:48.599 --> 00:02:51.960 They love those who emigrated to them. 00:02:51.960 --> 00:02:57.879 “Those who entered the city and the faith before them love those who flee unto them for refuge, and find in their breasts no need for that which hath been given them, but prefer (the fugitives) above themselves though poverty become their lot. And whoso is saved from his own avarice - such are they who are successful.” (59:9) 00:02:57.879 --> 00:03:04.360 “Those who entered the city and the faith before them love those who flee unto them for refuge, and find in their breasts no need for that which hath been given them, but prefer (the fugitives) above themselves though poverty become their lot. And whoso is saved from his own avarice - such are they who are successful.” (59:9) 00:03:04.360 --> 00:03:11.969 And whoever is protected from the stinginess of his own soul, it is they who are the successful. 00:03:11.969 --> 00:03:13.129 Secondly, 00:03:13.129 --> 00:03:16.810 The stance of the Muhajirun also becomes clear to us. 00:03:16.810 --> 00:03:20.610 This is because they did not take advantage of the kindness of the Ansar. 00:03:20.650 --> 00:03:23.689 For this reason, ‘Abd al-Rahman Ibn ‘Awf, may Allah be pleased with him, did not accept it. 00:03:23.689 --> 00:03:25.930 Sa'd ibn al-Rabi' presented 00:03:25.930 --> 00:03:28.689 The Muhajirun did not accept the offer made by the Ansar. 00:03:28.689 --> 00:03:32.189 That they should share their date palms with them. 00:03:32.189 --> 00:03:38.409 Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah) 00:03:38.409 --> 00:03:43.129 The brotherhood established by the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:03:43.129 --> 00:03:48.449 For 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:03:48.449 --> 00:03:51.770 A particular narration became widely known in the history books. 00:03:51.770 --> 00:03:54.330 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:03:54.330 --> 00:03:58.090 When he established the bond of brotherhood between the Emigrants and the Ansar 00:03:58.090 --> 00:04:01.889 He took the hand of ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:04:01.889 --> 00:04:05.219 He said, "This is my brother." 00:04:05.219 --> 00:04:08.419 It has not been authentically established from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:04:08.419 --> 00:04:10.409 anything of that nature. 00:04:10.409 --> 00:04:13.169 Ibn Kathir, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 00:04:13.169 --> 00:04:17.689 As for the brotherhood established by the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, between himself and ‘Ali— 00:04:17.689 --> 00:04:20.410 For there are scholars who reject that. 00:04:20.410 --> 00:04:22.209 And it invalidates its validity. 00:04:22.209 --> 00:04:24.329 His basis for that is 00:04:24.329 --> 00:04:25.930 That this brotherhood 00:04:25.930 --> 00:04:30.050 It was only legislated so that they might benefit from one another. 00:04:30.050 --> 00:04:33.529 And let them reconcile the hearts of one another. 00:04:33.529 --> 00:04:37.370 There is no meaning to the brotherhood established by the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:04:37.370 --> 00:04:39.050 for any one of them 00:04:39.050 --> 00:04:42.490 Nor should one Muhajir abandon another Muhajir. 00:04:42.490 --> 00:04:46.769 Just as he mentioned the bond of brotherhood established between Hamzah and Zayd Ibn Harithah. 00:04:46.769 --> 00:04:51.209 Unless, of course, it pertains to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:04:51.209 --> 00:04:54.569 He did not entrust the interests of Ali to anyone else. 00:04:54.569 --> 00:05:00.970 For he was among those whom the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, used to provide for since his childhood. 00:05:00.970 --> 00:05:04.000 During the life of his father, Abu Talib. 00:05:04.000 --> 00:05:08.560 Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah and al-Hafiz al-'Iraqi have both explicitly stated this. 00:05:08.560 --> 00:05:11.839 However, nothing authentic has been established regarding this matter. 00:05:12.800 --> 00:05:19.149 Treasures of the Prophetic biography (Seerah) 00:05:19.149 --> 00:05:24.300 Treaties with the Jews 00:05:24.300 --> 00:05:27.699 Following that, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, concluded 00:05:27.699 --> 00:05:30.060 The treaties with the Jews 00:05:30.060 --> 00:05:33.180 Those who were living in Medina 00:05:33.180 --> 00:05:35.980 They had not yet entered into Islam. 00:05:35.980 --> 00:05:39.259 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, then established a covenant with them. 00:05:39.259 --> 00:05:40.699 Treaty 00:05:40.699 --> 00:05:45.300 He left them with absolute freedom regarding their religion and their wealth. 00:05:45.300 --> 00:05:49.220 He did not resort to a policy of banishment from Medina. 00:05:49.220 --> 00:05:51.420 Rather, He left them within it. 00:05:51.420 --> 00:05:53.259 During this period 00:05:53.300 --> 00:05:56.620 The Quraysh sent word to the Muslims, saying: 00:05:56.620 --> 00:06:01.220 Do not let it deceive you that you have migrated from us to Yathrib. 00:06:01.220 --> 00:06:04.060 We shall come to you and uproot you. 00:06:04.060 --> 00:06:07.899 And we shall utterly destroy you in the very heart of your own homes. 00:06:07.899 --> 00:06:11.180 On the authority of ‘A’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: 00:06:11.180 --> 00:06:13.980 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, kept vigil. 00:06:13.980 --> 00:06:16.620 He arrived in Medina at night. 00:06:16.620 --> 00:06:17.779 He then said 00:06:17.779 --> 00:06:21.899 I wish a righteous man from my Companions would stand guard for me tonight. 00:06:21.899 --> 00:06:23.019 She said 00:06:23.019 --> 00:06:25.139 And while we were in that state 00:06:25.139 --> 00:06:28.019 We heard the clanking of weapons. 00:06:28.019 --> 00:06:30.019 He then asked, "Who is this?" 00:06:30.019 --> 00:06:30.899 He said 00:06:30.899 --> 00:06:33.300 Sa'd Ibn Abi Waqqas, may Allah be pleased with him. 00:06:33.300 --> 00:06:36.540 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:06:36.540 --> 00:06:38.379 What has brought you here? 00:06:38.379 --> 00:06:39.660 He then said 00:06:39.660 --> 00:06:44.819 A sense of apprehension for the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, took hold of me. 00:06:44.819 --> 00:06:46.740 So I came to stand guard over him. 00:06:46.740 --> 00:06:50.740 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, prayed for him. 00:06:50.740 --> 00:06:52.379 Then he went to sleep. 00:06:52.420 --> 00:06:57.180 This is among the ways in which Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, grants him success. 00:06:57.180 --> 00:07:04.089 Treasures of the Prophetic biography 00:07:04.089 --> 00:07:08.660 The commencement of the military expeditions. 00:07:08.660 --> 00:07:12.899 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, used to keep watch at night. 00:07:12.899 --> 00:07:16.300 until Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, revealed 00:07:16.300 --> 00:07:19.579 “O Messenger! Make known that which hath been revealed unto thee from thy Lord, for if thou do it not, thou wilt not have conveyed His message. Allah will protect thee from mankind. Lo! Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (5:67) 00:07:19.579 --> 00:07:25.259 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, then poked his head out from the tent and said: 00:07:25.259 --> 00:07:27.060 O people 00:07:27.060 --> 00:07:28.379 They departed. 00:07:28.379 --> 00:07:30.540 For Allah has protected me. 00:07:30.540 --> 00:07:35.019 This demonstrates the intensity of one’s certainty in Allah, Majestic and Exalted is He. 00:07:35.019 --> 00:07:40.899 Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, had commanded His Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to exercise patience and to refrain from retaliating against the polytheists. 00:07:40.899 --> 00:07:45.699 Until Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, granted permission for combat and defense. 00:07:45.699 --> 00:07:47.980 in His words, Majestic and Exalted is He. 00:07:47.980 --> 00:07:53.459 Permission has been granted to those who are being fought, because they have been wronged. 00:07:53.459 --> 00:07:58.300 “Sanction is given unto those who fight because they have been wronged; and Allah is indeed Able to give them victory;” (22:39) 00:07:58.300 --> 00:08:01.459 And following this authorization from Allah to engage in combat 00:08:01.459 --> 00:08:03.500 The military expeditions began. 00:08:03.500 --> 00:08:05.860 And among these military expeditions was... 00:08:05.860 --> 00:08:07.860 The expedition of Nakhlah. 00:08:07.860 --> 00:08:11.579 This occurred in the second year after the Hijrah. 00:08:11.579 --> 00:08:16.899 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, dispatched ‘Abdullah ibn Jahsh al-Asadi. 00:08:16.899 --> 00:08:19.899 To a place known as Nakhlah. 00:08:19.899 --> 00:08:23.060 Regarding the twelve men from the Muhajirun. 00:08:23.060 --> 00:08:26.500 Every two individuals would take turns riding a single camel. 00:08:26.540 --> 00:08:31.259 The Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had written a document for him. 00:08:31.259 --> 00:08:35.419 And he commanded him not to look into it until he had traveled for two days. 00:08:35.419 --> 00:08:37.299 Then he examines it. 00:08:37.299 --> 00:08:39.740 Then ‘Abdullah ibn Jahsh set forth. 00:08:39.740 --> 00:08:42.460 Then he read the book two days later. 00:08:42.460 --> 00:08:44.100 And therein it contains 00:08:44.100 --> 00:08:47.019 When you examine this book of mine 00:08:47.019 --> 00:08:51.379 So proceed until you reach Nakhla, which lies between Makkah and Ta'if. 00:08:51.379 --> 00:08:53.940 He was lying in wait for the Quraysh caravan. 00:08:53.980 --> 00:08:57.299 And you learn from their accounts for our benefit. 00:08:57.299 --> 00:08:59.139 Then ‘Abdullah ibn Jahsh said 00:08:59.139 --> 00:09:03.220 When he read the book, he said, "We hear and we obey." 00:09:03.220 --> 00:09:05.740 Then he informed his Companions of that. 00:09:05.740 --> 00:09:08.419 And he does not coerce them. 00:09:08.419 --> 00:09:11.419 So whoever desires martyrdom, let him rise to the occasion. 00:09:11.419 --> 00:09:14.059 And whoever dislikes death, let him return. 00:09:14.059 --> 00:09:16.379 As for me, I am rising to the task. 00:09:16.379 --> 00:09:18.419 They all rose to their feet. 00:09:18.419 --> 00:09:20.899 However, while on the way 00:09:20.899 --> 00:09:22.820 And Sa'd Ibn Abi Waqqas went astray. 00:09:22.820 --> 00:09:24.820 And ‘Utbah ibn Ghazwan [was given] a camel. 00:09:24.820 --> 00:09:27.220 The two of them would take turns riding it. 00:09:27.220 --> 00:09:29.940 So they both remained behind in search of it. 00:09:29.940 --> 00:09:31.860 And ‘Abdullah ibn Jahsh set forth. 00:09:31.860 --> 00:09:33.980 until he arrived at Nakhlah. 00:09:33.980 --> 00:09:36.179 Then, a caravan belonging to the Quraysh passed by. 00:09:36.179 --> 00:09:39.299 They would carry raisins, tanned leather, and trade goods. 00:09:39.299 --> 00:09:41.539 Among them was 'Amr ibn al-Hadrami. 00:09:41.539 --> 00:09:45.379 And ‘Uthman and Nawfal Ibn ‘Abdullah Ibn al-Mughirah. 00:09:45.379 --> 00:09:47.700 And al-Hakam ibn Kaysan. 00:09:47.700 --> 00:09:50.460 The Muslims consulted with one another and said: 00:09:50.500 --> 00:09:53.059 We are on the final day of Rajab. 00:09:53.059 --> 00:09:54.779 The sacred month 00:09:54.779 --> 00:09:58.539 For if we were to fight them, we would be violating the sanctity of the sacred month. 00:09:58.539 --> 00:10:01.580 And if we leave them, he will enter the Sacred Precinct. 00:10:01.580 --> 00:10:03.700 The sacred months are four. 00:10:03.700 --> 00:10:06.940 Three [days] in succession and one [day] individually. 00:10:06.940 --> 00:10:08.620 And the three are consecutive. 00:10:08.620 --> 00:10:11.860 They are Dhu al-Qa'dah, Dhu al-Hijjah, and Muharram. 00:10:11.860 --> 00:10:14.580 And the One, the Unique, is Rajab. 00:10:14.580 --> 00:10:19.860 These are the sacred months, as they have been since Allah created the heavens and the earth. 00:10:19.860 --> 00:10:22.059 To this very day. 00:10:22.059 --> 00:10:23.820 Allah the Almighty says: 00:10:23.820 --> 00:10:27.500 “Lo! the number of the months with Allah is twelve months by Allah's ordinance in the day that He created the heavens and the earth. Four of them are sacred: that is the right religion. So wrong not yourselves in them. And wage war on all of the idolaters as they are waging war on all of you. And know that Allah is with those who keep their duty (unto Him).” (9:36) 00:10:27.500 --> 00:10:33.620 Twelve months in the Book of Allah. 00:10:33.620 --> 00:10:36.659 “Lo! the number of the months with Allah is twelve months by Allah's ordinance in the day that He created the heavens and the earth. Four of them are sacred: that is the right religion. So wrong not yourselves in them. And wage war on all of the idolaters as they are waging war on all of you. And know that Allah is with those who keep their duty (unto Him).” (9:36) 00:10:36.659 --> 00:10:39.539 Among them are four sacred months. 00:10:39.539 --> 00:10:41.860 That is the upright religion. 00:10:41.860 --> 00:10:47.179 “Lo! the number of the months with Allah is twelve months by Allah's ordinance in the day that He created the heavens and the earth. Four of them are sacred: that is the right religion. So wrong not yourselves in them. And wage war on all of the idolaters as they are waging war on all of you. And know that Allah is with those who keep their duty (unto Him).” (9:36) 00:10:47.220 --> 00:10:52.580 And fight the polytheists collectively. 00:10:52.580 --> 00:10:58.019 Just as they fight you all together. 00:10:58.019 --> 00:11:02.950 And know that Allah is with the righteous. 00:11:02.950 --> 00:11:05.149 They understood and grasped this caravan. 00:11:05.149 --> 00:11:07.509 On the last day of Rajab 00:11:07.509 --> 00:11:10.230 And Rajab is among the sacred months. 00:11:10.230 --> 00:11:14.149 And when they take what wealth they have and fight them 00:11:14.149 --> 00:11:16.909 They fought in the sacred month. 00:11:16.909 --> 00:11:21.830 And if they leave them, they will enter the Sacred City, Mecca. 00:11:21.830 --> 00:11:24.669 They fell into three categories. 00:11:24.669 --> 00:11:26.509 The first scenario 00:11:26.509 --> 00:11:29.590 is that they fight them during the sacred month. 00:11:29.590 --> 00:11:31.590 The second scenario 00:11:31.590 --> 00:11:34.669 is that they leave them until they enter Mecca 00:11:34.669 --> 00:11:37.909 and then fight them tomorrow during the permissible months, 00:11:37.909 --> 00:11:40.590 but in the sacred place. 00:11:40.590 --> 00:11:42.509 The third scenario 00:11:42.509 --> 00:11:45.789 is that they do not fight them during the sacred month, 00:11:45.789 --> 00:11:48.370 nor do they fight them in the sacred precinct. 00:11:48.870 --> 00:11:52.990 However, the caravan escapes and enters Mecca and is saved. 00:11:53.669 --> 00:11:56.669 The Quraysh disbelievers, as is known, 00:11:57.070 --> 00:11:59.190 had seized the Muslims' wealth, 00:11:59.669 --> 00:12:02.549 indeed they seized their homes and harmed whomever they harmed, 00:12:02.830 --> 00:12:04.389 and killed others. 00:12:04.909 --> 00:12:08.230 So, seizing the caravan was a form of reclaiming some rights. 00:12:08.750 --> 00:12:11.870 A person is entitled to reclaim their right from whoever wronged them, 00:12:12.309 --> 00:12:14.470 even if it leads to fighting. 00:12:15.110 --> 00:12:16.750 So the Muslims consulted. 00:12:17.149 --> 00:12:19.149 Then they agreed to engage. 00:12:19.830 --> 00:12:23.110 One of them threw a spear at 'Amr ibn al-Hadrami, killing him. 00:12:23.669 --> 00:12:26.590 They captured 'Uthman and al-Hakam ibn Kaysan. 00:12:27.070 --> 00:12:28.710 Naufal escaped from them. 00:12:29.269 --> 00:12:34.750 They brought the caravan and the two captives to the city of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:12:35.350 --> 00:12:37.549 They had already set aside one-fifth of it. 00:12:37.990 --> 00:12:40.909 And that was the first fifth of the spoils of war. 00:12:41.470 --> 00:12:44.029 And these were the first two captives. 00:12:44.669 --> 00:12:47.830 And that was the first person killed in Islam. 00:12:48.679 --> 00:12:52.200 When they reached the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:12:52.600 --> 00:12:54.200 and informed him of what had happened, 00:12:54.799 --> 00:12:58.480 the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, disapproved of what they had done. 00:12:58.879 --> 00:12:59.600 He said: 00:13:00.240 --> 00:13:03.320 "I did not order you to fight during the sacred month." 00:13:04.039 --> 00:13:09.879 Then the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, halted any action regarding the caravan and the captives. 00:13:10.690 --> 00:13:11.769 As for Quraysh, 00:13:12.250 --> 00:13:16.970 they began to speak ill of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and his Companions. 00:13:17.529 --> 00:13:18.330 They said: 00:13:18.809 --> 00:13:21.169 "He has made permissible what Allah has forbidden." 00:13:21.610 --> 00:13:23.690 And they engaged in much idle talk. 00:13:24.129 --> 00:13:27.289 Until Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, sent down revelation, 00:13:27.690 --> 00:13:32.049 defending the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and his Companions. 00:13:32.649 --> 00:13:34.970 Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, said: 00:13:35.409 --> 00:13:40.370 “They question thee (O Muhammad) with regard to warfare in the sacred month. Say: Warfare therein is a great (transgression), but to turn (men) from the way of Allah, and to disbelieve in Him and in the Inviolable Place of Worship, and to expel His people thence, is a greater with Allah; for persecution is worse than killing. And they will not cease from fighting against you till they have made you renegades from your religion, if they can. And whoso becometh a renegade and dieth in his disbelief: such are they whose works have fallen both in the world and the Hereafter. Such are rightful owners of the Fire: they will abide therein.” (2:217) 00:13:40.889 --> 00:13:48.129 “They question thee (O Muhammad) with regard to warfare in the sacred month. Say: Warfare therein is a great (transgression), but to turn (men) from the way of Allah, and to disbelieve in Him and in the Inviolable Place of Worship, and to expel His people thence, is a greater with Allah; for persecution is worse than killing. And they will not cease from fighting against you till they have made you renegades from your religion, if they can. And whoso becometh a renegade and dieth in his disbelief: such are they whose works have fallen both in the world and the Hereafter. Such are rightful owners of the Fire: they will abide therein.” (2:217) 00:13:48.570 --> 00:13:56.769 “They question thee (O Muhammad) with regard to warfare in the sacred month. Say: Warfare therein is a great (transgression), but to turn (men) from the way of Allah, and to disbelieve in Him and in the Inviolable Place of Worship, and to expel His people thence, is a greater with Allah; for persecution is worse than killing. And they will not cease from fighting against you till they have made you renegades from your religion, if they can. And whoso becometh a renegade and dieth in his disbelief: such are they whose works have fallen both in the world and the Hereafter. Such are rightful owners of the Fire: they will abide therein.” (2:217) 00:13:57.129 --> 00:13:59.769 “They question thee (O Muhammad) with regard to warfare in the sacred month. Say: Warfare therein is a great (transgression), but to turn (men) from the way of Allah, and to disbelieve in Him and in the Inviolable Place of Worship, and to expel His people thence, is a greater with Allah; for persecution is worse than killing. And they will not cease from fighting against you till they have made you renegades from your religion, if they can. And whoso becometh a renegade and dieth in his disbelief: such are they whose works have fallen both in the world and the Hereafter. Such are rightful owners of the Fire: they will abide therein.” (2:217) 00:14:00.710 --> 00:14:04.029 Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says to the polytheists: 00:14:04.629 --> 00:14:09.149 "You object to the Muslims for killing a man during the sacred month. 00:14:09.629 --> 00:14:13.269 And we agree with you that this action is not permissible. 00:14:13.909 --> 00:14:17.110 But you, who criticize them for this, 00:14:17.509 --> 00:14:19.350 look at what you yourselves are doing. 00:14:20.110 --> 00:14:22.309 Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says: 00:14:22.909 --> 00:14:26.669 'And hindering from the path of Allah,' meaning what you are doing. 00:14:27.230 --> 00:14:29.750 “They question thee (O Muhammad) with regard to warfare in the sacred month. Say: Warfare therein is a great (transgression), but to turn (men) from the way of Allah, and to disbelieve in Him and in the Inviolable Place of Worship, and to expel His people thence, is a greater with Allah; for persecution is worse than killing. And they will not cease from fighting against you till they have made you renegades from your religion, if they can. And whoso becometh a renegade and dieth in his disbelief: such are they whose works have fallen both in the world and the Hereafter. Such are rightful owners of the Fire: they will abide therein.” (2:217) 00:14:30.309 --> 00:14:32.470 Meaning, and hindering from the Sacred Mosque, 00:14:32.990 --> 00:14:34.509 and expelling its people from it. 00:14:35.029 --> 00:14:37.269 This refers to the expulsion of Muslims from Mecca, 00:14:37.750 --> 00:14:40.470 and their expulsion through threats and torture. 00:14:40.950 --> 00:14:42.629 is greater with Allah. 00:14:43.149 --> 00:14:45.269 “They question thee (O Muhammad) with regard to warfare in the sacred month. Say: Warfare therein is a great (transgression), but to turn (men) from the way of Allah, and to disbelieve in Him and in the Inviolable Place of Worship, and to expel His people thence, is a greater with Allah; for persecution is worse than killing. And they will not cease from fighting against you till they have made you renegades from your religion, if they can. And whoso becometh a renegade and dieth in his disbelief: such are they whose works have fallen both in the world and the Hereafter. Such are rightful owners of the Fire: they will abide therein.” (2:217) 00:14:45.750 --> 00:14:49.230 Meaning, causing people to deviate from their religion is greater than killing them. 00:14:49.789 --> 00:14:55.750 So this verse was among those with which Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, comforted the hearts of the believers. 00:14:56.389 --> 00:14:59.149 It was as if Allah, the Glorified and Exalted, was saying to them: 00:14:59.629 --> 00:15:03.190 "These are not the ones who have the right to criticize you for that, 00:15:03.789 --> 00:15:07.029 because their action is far greater than your action." 00:15:07.750 --> 00:15:12.669 At that point, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, released the two captives 00:15:13.230 --> 00:15:16.549 and paid the blood money for the slain to his relatives. 00:15:28.529 --> 00:15:31.970 In the month of Sha'ban in the second year of the Hijrah, 00:15:32.570 --> 00:15:36.009 Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, commanded the change of the Qiblah 00:15:36.490 --> 00:15:39.210 from Jerusalem to the Sacred Mosque, 00:15:39.610 --> 00:15:40.370 saying: 00:15:43.169 --> 00:15:47.220 "We have seen the turning of your face toward the heaven, and We will surely turn you to a Qiblah with which you shall be well pleased. 00:15:47.539 --> 00:15:52.580 So turn your face toward the Sacred Mosque. And wherever you are, turn your faces toward it." 00:15:53.019 --> 00:15:57.100 So he turned his face toward the Sacred Mosque. 00:15:58.100 --> 00:16:02.649 And wherever you are, turn your faces toward it. 00:16:03.610 --> 00:16:06.529 The Qiblah was changed during the Dhuhr prayer, 00:16:06.809 --> 00:16:07.970 or during the 'Asr prayer. 00:16:08.610 --> 00:16:11.289 And the majority hold that it was during the 'Asr prayer. 00:16:11.289 --> 00:16:19.289 For the first to pray towards Mecca was Al-Bara' ibn Ma'rur, may Allah be pleased with him, at the second 'Aqabah pledge. 00:16:19.289 --> 00:16:27.289 When they went out to Mecca, prayer time caught them, and Medina's location is between Mecca and Jerusalem. 00:16:27.289 --> 00:16:33.289 So whoever wanted to pray towards Jerusalem had to turn his back to Mecca. 00:16:33.289 --> 00:16:40.289 And whoever wanted to pray towards Mecca had to turn his back to Jerusalem. 00:16:40.289 --> 00:16:45.289 So they prayed towards Jerusalem. As for Al-Bara' ibn Ma'rur, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:16:45.289 --> 00:16:50.289 he prayed towards Mecca, and his companions were surprised by him. 00:16:50.289 --> 00:16:55.289 When he finished the prayer, they said, "Woe to you, what have you done?" 00:16:55.289 --> 00:17:01.289 He said, "By Allah, I disliked making this structure behind my back." 00:17:01.289 --> 00:17:09.289 They said, "Woe to you, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, prays towards Jerusalem." 00:17:09.289 --> 00:17:18.289 He said, "I don't know." So they left him. When they reached the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, they informed him. 00:17:18.289 --> 00:17:26.289 So the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, turned to him and said, "You were upon a Qiblah, had you been patient." 00:17:26.289 --> 00:17:32.289 And the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, wished that Mecca would be the Qiblah. 00:17:32.289 --> 00:17:38.289 And in Mecca, he would place the Ka'bah between himself and Jerusalem. 00:17:39.289 --> 00:17:41.289 The narratives of the Seerah.