WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 00:00:05.129 --> 00:00:08.050 The Summary of Tafsir al-Tabari. 00:00:08.550 --> 00:00:12.710 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil Ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:13.919 --> 00:00:16.039 Surah al-Baqarah. 00:00:17.800 --> 00:00:22.800 In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. 00:00:23.660 --> 00:00:33.020 “A kind word with forgiveness is better than almsgiving followed by injury. Allah is Absolute, Clement.” (2:263) 00:00:33.340 --> 00:00:36.939 And Allah is Self-Sufficient and Forbearing. 00:00:37.960 --> 00:00:41.840 A kind word and a man's supplication for his fellow Muslim, 00:00:42.320 --> 00:00:46.840 along with concealing his destitution and poor condition once known, 00:00:47.200 --> 00:00:51.960 is far better in the sight of Allah than a charity given only to be followed by injury. 00:00:52.600 --> 00:00:55.520 For Allah is entirely free of any need for the charity they give, 00:00:55.840 --> 00:01:01.280 and He is Forbearing, not hastening the punishment of those among you who boast of their charity, 00:01:01.479 --> 00:01:03.359 causing distress to the recipient. 00:01:04.599 --> 00:01:13.480 “O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264) 00:01:13.879 --> 00:01:19.840 “O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264) 00:01:19.840 --> 00:01:31.959 like the one who spends his wealth only to be seen by people. 00:01:32.120 --> 00:01:35.879 “O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264) 00:01:36.359 --> 00:01:43.680 “O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264) 00:01:44.040 --> 00:01:49.040 “O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264) 00:01:49.480 --> 00:01:56.000 “O ye who believe! Render not vain your almsgiving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk.” (2:264) 00:01:56.439 --> 00:02:00.760 And Allah does not guide the disbelieving people. 00:02:02.219 --> 00:02:05.340 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, 00:02:05.700 --> 00:02:09.419 do not invalidate the rewards of your charity through reminders of generosity and hurtful conduct, 00:02:09.740 --> 00:02:14.539 just as the disbelief of the one who spends his wealth to show off before others invalidates his deed, 00:02:15.020 --> 00:02:18.699 since he does not believe in the oneness of Allah or His Lordship. 00:02:19.180 --> 00:02:23.139 His likeness is that of a smooth rock covered with topsoil: 00:02:23.539 --> 00:02:26.340 when a heavy downpour strikes it, 00:02:26.699 --> 00:02:31.460 the torrential rain leaves the smooth boulder completely bare, devoid of any plant or soil. 00:02:32.009 --> 00:02:34.530 Such are the deeds of the hypocrites; 00:02:34.889 --> 00:02:38.169 they are just like that smooth rock which once had dust upon it: 00:02:38.569 --> 00:02:40.810 when the heavy rain beat down on it, 00:02:41.210 --> 00:02:43.610 it washed away whatever dust was resting there, 00:02:44.009 --> 00:02:47.689 leaving it clean, with no trace of earth or anything else left behind. 00:02:48.289 --> 00:02:54.849 Muslims outwardly perceive that they have good deeds, just as the dust is seen upon this stone, 00:02:55.409 --> 00:03:00.849 but on the Day of Resurrection they will have no power to claim any reward for what they earned in the worldly life. 00:03:01.409 --> 00:03:06.330 And Allah will not guide them to attain what is right in their expenditures or anything else; 00:03:06.849 --> 00:03:10.650 rather, He leaves them wandering blindly in their transgression. 00:03:11.939 --> 00:03:22.180 “And the likeness of those who spend their wealth in search of Allah's pleasure, and for the strengthening of their souls, is as the likeness of a garden on a height. The rainstorm smiteth it and it bringeth forth its fruit twofold. And if the rainstorm smite it not, then the shower. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (2:265) 00:03:22.539 --> 00:03:31.180 “And the likeness of those who spend their wealth in search of Allah's pleasure, and for the strengthening of their souls, is as the likeness of a garden on a height. The rainstorm smiteth it and it bringeth forth its fruit twofold. And if the rainstorm smite it not, then the shower. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (2:265) 00:03:31.620 --> 00:03:41.740 “And the likeness of those who spend their wealth in search of Allah's pleasure, and for the strengthening of their souls, is as the likeness of a garden on a height. The rainstorm smiteth it and it bringeth forth its fruit twofold. And if the rainstorm smite it not, then the shower. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (2:265) 00:03:42.259 --> 00:03:49.659 “And the likeness of those who spend their wealth in search of Allah's pleasure, and for the strengthening of their souls, is as the likeness of a garden on a height. The rainstorm smiteth it and it bringeth forth its fruit twofold. And if the rainstorm smite it not, then the shower. Allah is Seer of what ye do.” (2:265) 00:03:50.259 --> 00:03:54.180 And Allah is Seeing of whatever you do. 00:03:55.500 --> 00:03:59.860 And the likeness of those who spend their wealth, giving it in charity, 00:04:00.300 --> 00:04:02.740 providing mounts for fighters in the cause of Allah, 00:04:03.219 --> 00:04:08.620 and strengthening the needy warriors and mujahideen fighting for the cause of Allah, 00:04:09.060 --> 00:04:11.539 as well as in other acts of obedience to Allah, 00:04:12.020 --> 00:04:15.060 to strengthen their own souls in maintaining this spending, 00:04:15.500 --> 00:04:18.939 through sincere resolve and firm certainty in the promise of Allah Almighty— 00:04:19.459 --> 00:04:21.980 so He firmly grounded them and made their determination steadfast— 00:04:22.500 --> 00:04:25.220 is like that of a garden situated upon high ground, 00:04:25.699 --> 00:04:28.180 elevated above the floodwaters and valley beds. 00:04:28.899 --> 00:04:30.899 Thus, it is located on fertile, elevated soil; 00:04:31.620 --> 00:04:33.620 and gardens situated on such sturdy ground 00:04:34.300 --> 00:04:38.939 are far better and more abundant in their fruit, planting, and crops than those in thinner soils. 00:04:39.699 --> 00:04:43.699 When this garden was struck by heavy rain of great downpour, 00:04:44.300 --> 00:04:46.300 it yielded its harvest twofold. 00:04:46.819 --> 00:04:51.500 And even if no heavy rain reaches it, light drizzle and dew will suffice it. 00:04:52.259 --> 00:04:57.939 And Allah is Seeing of what you, O people, do regarding the expenses you lay out; 00:04:58.500 --> 00:05:00.500 nothing of it remains hidden from Him. 00:05:01.569 --> 00:05:03.569 What is intended by this parable 00:05:04.089 --> 00:05:07.170 is that just as the fruit of this garden was doubled 00:05:07.689 --> 00:05:08.970 when the heavy rain poured generously upon it, 00:05:09.649 --> 00:05:12.009 and if it missed the heavy downpour, the light drizzle still sufficed it, 00:05:12.769 --> 00:05:16.089 in the same way Allah doubles the charity of the giver 00:05:16.730 --> 00:05:20.930 who spends his wealth seeking His pleasure and strengthening his own soul, 00:05:21.490 --> 00:05:23.490 without reminders of generosity or hurtful conduct, 00:05:23.769 --> 00:05:25.769 whether his spending be little or plentiful. 00:05:27.079 --> 00:05:35.800 “Would any of you like to have a garden of palm-trees and vines, with rivers flowing underneath it, with all kinds of fruit for him therein; and old age hath stricken him and he hath feeble offspring; and a fiery whirlwind striketh it and it is (all) consumed by fire. Thus Allah maketh plain His revelations unto you, in order that ye may give thought.” (2:266) 00:05:36.319 --> 00:05:46.519 “Would any of you like to have a garden of palm-trees and vines, with rivers flowing underneath it, with all kinds of fruit for him therein; and old age hath stricken him and he hath feeble offspring; and a fiery whirlwind striketh it and it is (all) consumed by fire. Thus Allah maketh plain His revelations unto you, in order that ye may give thought.” (2:266) 00:05:47.000 --> 00:05:55.519 “Would any of you like to have a garden of palm-trees and vines, with rivers flowing underneath it, with all kinds of fruit for him therein; and old age hath stricken him and he hath feeble offspring; and a fiery whirlwind striketh it and it is (all) consumed by fire. Thus Allah maketh plain His revelations unto you, in order that ye may give thought.” (2:266) 00:05:56.120 --> 00:06:11.680 “Would any of you like to have a garden of palm-trees and vines, with rivers flowing underneath it, with all kinds of fruit for him therein; and old age hath stricken him and he hath feeble offspring; and a fiery whirlwind striketh it and it is (all) consumed by fire. Thus Allah maketh plain His revelations unto you, in order that ye may give thought.” (2:266) 00:06:12.199 --> 00:06:19.120 Thus Allah makes clear to you the signs so that you may reflect. 00:06:20.430 --> 00:06:25.029 Would any of you wish to have a garden of date palms and grapevines, 00:06:25.509 --> 00:06:33.430 beneath which rivers flow, having in it all kinds of fruits, and then old age strikes one of you, 00:06:33.949 --> 00:06:40.389 while he has young, tender children, and then a whirlwind carrying fire strikes the garden, 00:06:40.990 --> 00:06:46.629 burning his garden at the very time of his dire need for it and his extreme dependency on its harvest, 00:06:47.110 --> 00:06:49.829 owing to his advanced age and his inability to replant it, 00:06:50.550 --> 00:06:57.829 and the youth of his children, who are incapable of cultivating and maintaining it, so that he is left with nothing? 00:06:58.579 --> 00:07:04.779 Such is the one who spends his wealth to show off before people: Allah extinguishes his light and nullifies his reward, 00:07:05.220 --> 00:07:09.540 until he meets Him and returns to Him in the direst need of his deeds, 00:07:10.100 --> 00:07:14.939 at a time when there is no chance to make amends, no canceling of sins, and no repentance accepted. 00:07:15.769 --> 00:07:19.410 Just as your Lord has made clear to you the ruling of spending in His cause, 00:07:20.050 --> 00:07:23.129 so He makes clear to you the other signs, 00:07:23.730 --> 00:07:27.290 acquainting you with their rulings, what is lawful, and what is unlawful, 00:07:27.889 --> 00:07:29.850 so that you may reflect with your minds, 00:07:30.370 --> 00:07:34.170 ponder deeply, and draw lessons from the proofs of Allah contained within them. 00:07:50.540 --> 00:07:54.139 as well as what We have brought forth for you from the earth. 00:07:54.899 --> 00:08:00.019 “O ye who believe! Spend of the good things which ye have earned, and of that which We bring forth from the earth for you, and seek not the bad (with intent) to spend thereof (in charity) when ye would not take it for yourselves save with disdain; and know that Allah is Absolute, Owner of Praise.” (2:267) 00:08:00.300 --> 00:08:10.779 “O ye who believe! Spend of the good things which ye have earned, and of that which We bring forth from the earth for you, and seek not the bad (with intent) to spend thereof (in charity) when ye would not take it for yourselves save with disdain; and know that Allah is Absolute, Owner of Praise.” (2:267) 00:08:11.379 --> 00:08:16.860 And know that Allah is Self-Sufficient, Praiseworthy. 00:08:18.240 --> 00:08:21.160 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, 00:08:21.759 --> 00:08:27.000 pay the zakat and give charity from the good and lawful wealth you have earned, 00:08:27.600 --> 00:08:29.920 “O ye who believe! Spend of the good things which ye have earned, and of that which We bring forth from the earth for you, and seek not the bad (with intent) to spend thereof (in charity) when ye would not take it for yourselves save with disdain; and know that Allah is Absolute, Owner of Praise.” (2:267) 00:08:30.399 --> 00:08:34.559 and from the date palms, grapevines, wheat, barley, and the produce of the earth. 00:08:35.120 --> 00:08:40.080 And do not deliberately seek out the defective and inferior of your wealth to give in charity from it, 00:08:40.759 --> 00:08:43.759 when you yourselves would never accept such inferior items in settling your own rights, 00:08:44.159 --> 00:08:48.679 unless you closed your eyes to it, overlooking some of what was rightfully due to you, 00:08:49.200 --> 00:08:51.480 thus conceding your right for your own sake. 00:08:52.159 --> 00:08:53.440 This applies specifically to obligatory zakat; 00:08:54.039 --> 00:08:56.759 as for when a man gives voluntary charity, 00:08:57.360 --> 00:09:02.519 although I would dislike for him to give anything other than his finest and best wealth in it, 00:09:03.120 --> 00:09:06.759 I do not consider it forbidden for him to give what is of lesser quality, 00:09:07.480 --> 00:09:13.480 because that which is lesser in quality may sometimes bring broader benefit through its abundance or significance, 00:09:13.919 --> 00:09:16.200 and may prove more suitable to the needs of the destitute. 00:09:16.879 --> 00:09:20.799 And know that Allah is completely free of any need for your charities and for everything else, 00:09:21.360 --> 00:09:27.039 and is Praised by His creation for the blessings He has bestowed upon them and the bounty He has expanded for them. 00:09:28.320 --> 00:09:35.840 “The devil promiseth you destitution and enjoineth on you lewdness. But Allah promiseth you forgiveness from Himself with bounty. Allah is All-Embracing, All-knowing.” (2:268) 00:09:36.320 --> 00:09:42.759 “The devil promiseth you destitution and enjoineth on you lewdness. But Allah promiseth you forgiveness from Himself with bounty. Allah is All-Embracing, All-knowing.” (2:268) 00:09:43.240 --> 00:09:46.960 And Allah is All-Encompassing, All-Knowing. 00:09:48.450 --> 00:09:54.610 Satan threatens you, O people, with poverty if you give charity and pay zakat, 00:09:55.090 --> 00:09:57.049 and he commands you to commit acts of disobedience against Allah. 00:09:57.730 --> 00:10:01.169 But Allah promises you that He will conceal your indecencies, 00:10:01.730 --> 00:10:05.889 forgiving your sins through the charity you give, 00:10:06.450 --> 00:10:09.889 and He promises that He will replenish what you have spent in charity, 00:10:10.450 --> 00:10:12.769 bestowing His bounty upon you from His gifts 00:10:13.250 --> 00:10:15.970 and granting you an abundance of your provisions. 00:10:16.850 --> 00:10:20.730 For Allah is Vast in the bounty He promises to grant you, 00:10:21.250 --> 00:10:27.169 and All-Knowing of your spending and the charities you donate. 00:10:28.320 --> 00:10:32.720 He grants wisdom to whom He wills. 00:10:33.200 --> 00:10:40.360 “He giveth wisdom unto whom He will, and he unto whom wisdom is given, he truly hath received abundant good. But none remember except men of understanding.” (2:269) 00:10:40.840 --> 00:10:45.440 And none will remember except those of understanding. 00:10:46.730 --> 00:10:51.250 Allah grants sound correctness in word and deed to whom He wills among His servants, 00:10:51.809 --> 00:10:55.129 and whoever is granted that has indeed been granted abundant good. 00:10:55.690 --> 00:10:58.009 Yet none take heed except those of sound minds, 00:10:58.409 --> 00:11:02.529 who have comprehended from Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, His commands and prohibitions. 00:11:03.639 --> 00:11:11.759 “Whatever alms ye spend or vow ye vow, lo! Allah knoweth it. Wrong-doers have no helpers.” (2:270) 00:11:12.279 --> 00:11:15.000 then indeed, Allah knows it. 00:11:15.480 --> 00:11:20.080 And for the wrongdoers there are no helpers. 00:11:21.490 --> 00:11:25.529 Whatever charity you give or whatever vow you make, 00:11:26.129 --> 00:11:28.289 all of it is fully within the knowledge of Allah; 00:11:28.889 --> 00:11:30.850 nothing of it is hidden from Him. 00:11:31.570 --> 00:11:34.570 And whoever spends their wealth to show off before people, 00:11:35.009 --> 00:11:37.250 and whose vows are made for the sake of Satan, 00:11:37.809 --> 00:11:41.049 will have no helper to save them from Allah on the Day of Resurrection, 00:11:41.490 --> 00:11:43.330 or ward off His punishment from them. 00:11:44.570 --> 00:11:49.649 If you disclose your acts of charity, even so it is good. 00:11:50.210 --> 00:11:57.409 “If ye publish your almsgiving, it is well, but if ye hide it and give it to the poor, it will be better for you, and will atone for some of your ill-deeds. Allah is Informed of what ye do.” (2:271) 00:11:57.850 --> 00:12:03.970 “If ye publish your almsgiving, it is well, but if ye hide it and give it to the poor, it will be better for you, and will atone for some of your ill-deeds. Allah is Informed of what ye do.” (2:271) 00:12:04.450 --> 00:12:08.250 And Allah is Fully Aware of whatever you do. 00:12:09.549 --> 00:12:11.070 If you make your charity public, 00:12:11.470 --> 00:12:14.190 openly giving it to the one on whom you bestow it, 00:12:14.669 --> 00:12:16.110 that is indeed a commendable thing; 00:12:16.899 --> 00:12:19.220 and if you conceal it, not making it known, 00:12:19.539 --> 00:12:21.580 and give it to the poor in secret, 00:12:22.100 --> 00:12:25.820 then concealing it is far better for you than making it public— 00:12:26.539 --> 00:12:28.940 and this pertains specifically to voluntary charity. 00:12:29.659 --> 00:12:33.899 Furthermore, Allah will expiate some of your misdeeds through your charity. 00:12:34.659 --> 00:12:37.539 And Allah is Fully Aware of whatever you do regarding your charity, 00:12:37.940 --> 00:12:40.019 whether you disclose it or keep it secret, 00:12:40.620 --> 00:12:44.740 and He possesses thorough expertise and full knowledge of all your other deeds; 00:12:45.259 --> 00:12:47.940 nothing whatsoever of that is hidden from Him.