1
00:00:00,780 --> 00:00:09,779
Riyadh al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

2
00:00:09,779 --> 00:00:13,769
Chapter: Vigilance (Muraqabah).

3
00:00:13,769 --> 00:00:19,230
On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

4
00:00:19,230 --> 00:00:26,260
"You perform deeds that you consider more insignificant than a strand of hair,

5
00:00:26,260 --> 00:00:33,259
yet during the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, we used to count them among the destructive sins."

6
00:00:33,259 --> 00:00:35,259
Narrated by al-Bukhari.

7
00:00:35,259 --> 00:00:40,259
He said: "The destructive sins are those that lead to ruin."

8
00:00:40,259 --> 00:00:47,060
"More insignificant than a strand of hair" is a metaphor for their perceived triviality and smallness.

9
00:00:47,060 --> 00:00:49,960
From the benefits of the hadith:

10
00:00:49,960 --> 00:00:56,090
Taking a sin lightly indicates a lack of fear of Allah the Exalted.

11
00:00:56,090 --> 00:01:01,090
It is a sign of hypocrisy, contrary to viewing a sin as grave.

12
00:01:01,090 --> 00:01:07,090
For viewing a sin as grave indicates the perfection of fear and profound vigilance toward Allah the Exalted.

13
00:01:07,090 --> 00:01:11,219
The hadith contains a warning against a person relying on their own deeds,

14
00:01:11,219 --> 00:01:15,219
becoming conceited by them, and taking sins lightly.

15
00:01:15,219 --> 00:01:18,219
For the accumulation of minor sins will surround him,

16
00:01:18,219 --> 00:01:22,219
and he will meet Allah unable to find a way to escape them,

17
00:01:22,219 --> 00:01:24,219
so they will destroy and ruin him.

18
00:01:24,219 --> 00:01:28,379
The most knowledgeable of people regarding Allah the Exalted, after the Prophets,

19
00:01:28,379 --> 00:01:31,379
the most perfect in piety, and the most intense in fear,

20
00:01:31,379 --> 00:01:35,379
are the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.

21
00:01:35,379 --> 00:01:41,379
They used to view matters that others considered trivial as destructive,

22
00:01:41,379 --> 00:01:43,379
due to the greatness of their witnessing the majesty of Allah,

23
00:01:43,379 --> 00:01:46,379
and the perfection of their knowledge of Him.

24
00:01:46,379 --> 00:01:51,599
Their understanding—the Companions—of the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger is what is considered authoritative,

25
00:01:51,599 --> 00:01:53,599
because it is the path of the believers.

26
00:01:53,599 --> 00:01:56,599
Whoever follows their methodology succeeds,

27
00:01:56,599 --> 00:01:59,599
and whoever deviates from it is ruined and causes others to be ruined.

28
00:01:59,599 --> 00:02:04,040
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him,

29
00:02:04,040 --> 00:02:08,039
from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said:

30
00:02:08,039 --> 00:02:11,039
"Indeed, Allah the Exalted is jealous."

31
00:02:11,039 --> 00:02:13,039
And the jealousy of Allah the Exalted

32
00:02:13,039 --> 00:02:17,039
is that a person commits what Allah has forbidden him.

33
00:02:17,039 --> 00:02:19,039
Agreed upon.

34
00:02:19,039 --> 00:02:23,139
The essence of jealousy is indignation.

35
00:02:23,139 --> 00:02:26,159
From the benefits of the hadith:

36
00:02:26,159 --> 00:02:30,379
It is incumbent upon the servant to distance himself from sins,

37
00:02:30,379 --> 00:02:34,379
because they cause the wrath of Allah the Exalted.

38
00:02:34,379 --> 00:02:39,509
Allah, glory be to Him, dislikes disbelief, immorality, and disobedience.

39
00:02:39,509 --> 00:02:43,889
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him,

40
00:02:43,889 --> 00:02:48,889
that he heard the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saying:

41
00:02:48,889 --> 00:02:51,889
"There were three men from the Children of Israel:

42
00:02:51,889 --> 00:02:54,889
a leper, a bald man, and a blind man.

43
00:02:54,889 --> 00:02:57,949
Allah intended to test them,

44
00:02:57,949 --> 00:02:59,949
so He sent an angel to them.

45
00:02:59,949 --> 00:03:02,949
He came to the leper and said,

46
00:03:02,949 --> 00:03:04,949
'What thing is most beloved to you?'

47
00:03:04,949 --> 00:03:06,949
He said,

48
00:03:06,949 --> 00:03:09,949
'A beautiful complexion and beautiful skin,

49
00:03:09,949 --> 00:03:12,949
and for that which has caused people to shun me to be removed.'

50
00:03:12,949 --> 00:03:15,949
So he wiped him, and his affliction was removed,

51
00:03:15,949 --> 00:03:17,949
and he was given a beautiful complexion.

52
00:03:17,949 --> 00:03:19,949
He said,

53
00:03:19,949 --> 00:03:21,949
'And what wealth is most beloved to you?'

54
00:03:22,949 --> 00:03:23,949
He said,

55
00:03:23,949 --> 00:03:25,949
'Camels,' or he said,

56
00:03:25,949 --> 00:03:27,949
'Cows.'

57
00:03:27,949 --> 00:03:29,949
The narrator was in doubt.

58
00:03:29,949 --> 00:03:31,949
So he was given a pregnant she-camel,

59
00:03:31,949 --> 00:03:33,949
and he said,

60
00:03:33,949 --> 00:03:35,949
'May Allah bless you in it.'

61
00:03:35,949 --> 00:03:37,979
Then he came to the bald man and said,

62
00:03:37,979 --> 00:03:40,979
'What thing is most beloved to you?'

63
00:03:40,979 --> 00:03:41,979
He said,

64
00:03:41,979 --> 00:03:43,979
'Beautiful hair,

65
00:03:43,979 --> 00:03:47,979
and for that which has caused people to shun me to be removed.'

66
00:03:47,979 --> 00:03:49,979
So he wiped him, and it was removed,

67
00:03:49,979 --> 00:03:51,979
and he was given beautiful hair.

68
00:03:51,979 --> 00:03:53,979
He said,

69
00:03:53,979 --> 00:03:55,979
'And what wealth is most beloved to you?'

70
00:03:55,979 --> 00:03:57,979
He said,

71
00:03:57,979 --> 00:03:58,979
'Cows.'

72
00:03:58,979 --> 00:04:00,979
So he was given a pregnant cow,

73
00:04:00,979 --> 00:04:02,979
and he said,

74
00:04:02,979 --> 00:04:04,979
'May Allah bless you in it.'

75
00:04:04,979 --> 00:04:08,080
Then he came to the blind man and said,

76
00:04:08,080 --> 00:04:10,080
'What thing is most beloved to you?'

77
00:04:10,080 --> 00:04:12,110
He said,

78
00:04:12,110 --> 00:04:14,110
'That Allah restores my sight to me,

79
00:04:14,110 --> 00:04:16,110
so that I may see people.'

80
00:04:16,110 --> 00:04:19,110
So he wiped him, and Allah restored his sight to him.

81
00:04:19,110 --> 00:04:20,110
He said,

82
00:04:20,110 --> 00:04:23,180
'And what wealth is most beloved to you?'

83
00:04:23,180 --> 00:04:24,180
He said,

84
00:04:24,180 --> 00:04:25,180
'Sheep.'

85
00:04:25,180 --> 00:04:28,180
So he was given a pregnant ewe.

86
00:04:28,180 --> 00:04:31,180
It produced offspring, and the other produced offspring,

87
00:04:31,180 --> 00:04:34,180
until this one had a valley full of camels,

88
00:04:34,180 --> 00:04:37,180
this one had a valley full of cows,

89
00:04:37,180 --> 00:04:40,180
and this one had a valley full of sheep.

90
00:04:40,180 --> 00:04:44,339
Then he came to the leper in his [the leper's] former appearance and state,

91
00:04:44,339 --> 00:04:45,339
and said,

92
00:04:45,339 --> 00:04:47,339
'A poor man,

93
00:04:47,339 --> 00:04:50,339
whose means have been cut off in my journey,

94
00:04:50,339 --> 00:04:52,339
so I have no provision today

95
00:04:52,339 --> 00:04:55,339
except through Allah, then through you.

96
00:04:55,339 --> 00:05:01,339
I ask you by the One who gave you the beautiful complexion, the beautiful skin, and the wealth,

97
00:05:01,339 --> 00:05:04,339
for a camel to help me reach my destination.'

98
00:05:04,339 --> 00:05:06,339
He said,

99
00:05:06,339 --> 00:05:08,339
'The obligations are many.'

100
00:05:08,339 --> 00:05:09,430
He said,

101
00:05:09,430 --> 00:05:11,430
'It is as if I know you.

102
00:05:11,430 --> 00:05:14,430
Were you not a leper whom people shunned,

103
00:05:14,430 --> 00:05:17,430
and poor, then Allah gave you wealth?'

104
00:05:17,430 --> 00:05:19,430
He said,

105
00:05:19,430 --> 00:05:22,430
'I only inherited this wealth from my forefathers.'

106
00:05:22,430 --> 00:05:24,560
He said,

107
00:05:24,560 --> 00:05:26,560
'If you are a liar,

108
00:05:26,560 --> 00:05:29,560
may Allah return you to what you were.'

109
00:05:29,560 --> 00:05:33,560
He came to the bald man in his former appearance and state,

110
00:05:33,560 --> 00:05:36,560
and said to him the same as he said to the first,

111
00:05:36,560 --> 00:05:39,560
and he replied to him the same as the first had replied.

112
00:05:39,560 --> 00:05:41,560
He said,

113
00:05:41,560 --> 00:05:43,560
'If you are a liar,

114
00:05:43,560 --> 00:05:46,560
may Allah return you to what you were.'

115
00:05:46,560 --> 00:05:50,560
He came to the blind man in his former appearance and state,

116
00:05:50,560 --> 00:05:51,560
and said,

117
00:05:51,560 --> 00:05:54,560
'A poor man and a traveler,

118
00:05:54,560 --> 00:05:57,560
my means have been cut off in my journey,

119
00:05:57,560 --> 00:06:01,560
so I have no provision today except through Allah, then through you.

120
00:06:01,560 --> 00:06:04,620
I ask you by the One who restored your sight to you,

121
00:06:04,620 --> 00:06:08,620
for a sheep to help me reach my destination.'

122
00:06:08,620 --> 00:06:09,620
He said,

123
00:06:09,620 --> 00:06:11,620
'I was blind,

124
00:06:11,620 --> 00:06:14,620
and Allah restored my sight to me.

125
00:06:14,620 --> 00:06:17,620
So take what you wish and leave what you wish.

126
00:06:17,620 --> 00:06:20,689
For by Allah, I will not burden you today with anything

127
00:06:20,689 --> 00:06:23,689
that you take for the sake of Allah the Almighty.'

128
00:06:23,689 --> 00:06:24,689
He said,

129
00:06:24,689 --> 00:06:26,689
'Keep your wealth,

130
00:06:26,689 --> 00:06:28,689
for you have only been tested.

131
00:06:28,689 --> 00:06:30,689
Allah is pleased with you,

132
00:06:30,689 --> 00:06:33,750
and is angry with your two companions.'

133
00:06:33,750 --> 00:06:36,009
Agreed upon.

134
00:06:36,009 --> 00:06:38,009
The "pregnant she-camel" (al-ashara)

135
00:06:38,009 --> 00:06:39,009
is the one that is pregnant.

136
00:06:39,009 --> 00:06:41,040
His saying,

137
00:06:41,040 --> 00:06:42,040
"It produced offspring" (antaja),

138
00:06:42,040 --> 00:06:44,040
and in one narration "fa-nataja,"

139
00:06:44,040 --> 00:06:47,040
means he managed its breeding.

140
00:06:47,040 --> 00:06:51,040
The "nataj" for a camel is like the midwife for a woman.

141
00:06:51,040 --> 00:06:53,230
"It produced offspring" (walada hadha),

142
00:06:53,230 --> 00:06:55,230
meaning he managed its birth.

143
00:06:55,230 --> 00:06:58,230
It has the same meaning as "nataja" regarding the camel.

144
00:06:58,230 --> 00:07:02,230
So "muwallid," "natij," and "qabila" all have the same meaning,

145
00:07:02,230 --> 00:07:05,230
but the former is for animals,

146
00:07:05,230 --> 00:07:07,230
and the latter is for others.

147
00:07:07,230 --> 00:07:08,420
His saying,

148
00:07:08,420 --> 00:07:10,420
"My means have been cut off" (in quta'at biya al-hibal),

149
00:07:10,420 --> 00:07:12,420
means the causes and resources.

150
00:07:12,420 --> 00:07:13,420
His saying,

151
00:07:13,420 --> 00:07:15,420
"I will not burden you" (la ajhaduka),

152
00:07:15,420 --> 00:07:16,420
means:

153
00:07:16,420 --> 00:07:22,420
I will not make it difficult for you to return anything you take or request from my wealth.

154
00:07:22,420 --> 00:07:24,420
In the narration of al-Bukhari:

155
00:07:24,420 --> 00:07:25,420
"I will not reproach you" (la ahmaduka),

156
00:07:25,420 --> 00:07:27,420
meaning:

157
00:07:27,420 --> 00:07:31,420
I will not reproach you for leaving anything you need.

158
00:07:31,420 --> 00:07:32,420
As they said:

159
00:07:32,420 --> 00:07:35,420
"There is no regret over the length of life,"

160
00:07:35,420 --> 00:07:38,420
meaning over the passing of its length.

161
00:07:38,420 --> 00:07:40,319
"Bald" (aqra'):

162
00:07:40,319 --> 00:07:43,319
is one who has lost the hair of his head due to an ailment.

163
00:07:43,319 --> 00:07:45,420
"Test them" (yabtaliyahum),

164
00:07:45,420 --> 00:07:47,420
meaning: He examines them.

165
00:07:47,420 --> 00:07:48,420
"Shunned me" (qadhara-ni),

166
00:07:48,420 --> 00:07:52,420
meaning: People disliked me and kept away from me.

167
00:07:52,420 --> 00:07:54,610
"No provision" (la balagh),

168
00:07:54,610 --> 00:07:58,610
"Balagh" is that by which one reaches the desired thing.

169
00:07:58,610 --> 00:08:00,800
"From forefathers" (kabiran 'an kabir),

170
00:08:00,800 --> 00:08:02,800
meaning: from father to grandfather.

171
00:08:02,800 --> 00:08:07,430
From the benefits of the hadith:

172
00:08:07,430 --> 00:08:10,720
The permissibility of speaking about past nations,

173
00:08:10,720 --> 00:08:13,720
especially the Children of Israel,

174
00:08:13,720 --> 00:08:16,720
for there were wonders among them.

175
00:08:16,910 --> 00:08:19,910
The obligation of thanking for blessings and not denying them.

176
00:08:19,910 --> 00:08:22,910
It is a cause for blessing and growth.

177
00:08:22,910 --> 00:08:25,040
The virtue of charity,

178
00:08:25,040 --> 00:08:30,040
and the encouragement to be kind to the weak, to honor them, and to help them reach their needs.

179
00:08:30,040 --> 00:08:33,230
Among the most despicable traits is stinginess,

180
00:08:33,230 --> 00:08:40,230
for it led those two individuals to forget the blessing of Allah the Exalted upon them and to deny it.

181
00:08:40,230 --> 00:08:45,419
Stinginess and lying are causes for the wrath and anger of Allah the Exalted,

182
00:08:45,419 --> 00:08:48,649
as happened to the leper and the bald man.

183
00:08:48,649 --> 00:08:51,649
Truthfulness and generosity are among the praiseworthy traits,

184
00:08:51,649 --> 00:08:54,649
and that blind man was characterized by them,

185
00:08:54,649 --> 00:08:57,649
which led him to gratitude and generosity,

186
00:08:57,649 --> 00:09:02,220
and he attained thereby the pleasure of Allah the Exalted.

187
00:09:02,220 --> 00:09:07,220
The reward with Allah the Exalted is based on what appears of a person's deed,

188
00:09:07,220 --> 00:09:09,450
and according to his intention.

189
00:09:09,450 --> 00:09:12,450
Providing guidance and instruction through stories,

190
00:09:12,450 --> 00:09:15,669
because their impact is more profound on the souls.

191
00:09:15,669 --> 00:09:17,669
The permissibility of asking by Allah,

192
00:09:17,669 --> 00:09:22,899
as the angel did with the bald man, the leper, and the blind man.

193
00:09:22,899 --> 00:09:25,899
When blessing settles in something,

194
00:09:25,899 --> 00:09:27,899
it makes the little much,

195
00:09:27,899 --> 00:09:30,059
and the opposite is also true.

196
00:09:30,059 --> 00:09:33,059
Sincere gratitude to Allah the Exalted

197
00:09:33,059 --> 00:09:37,059
is manifested in the servant's acknowledgment of Allah's favor upon him,

198
00:09:37,059 --> 00:09:39,059
with his heart and his tongue,

199
00:09:39,059 --> 00:09:42,059
And he was quick to spend in the way of Allah.

200
00:09:42,059 --> 00:09:44,059
Allah the Exalted says:

201
00:09:44,059 --> 00:09:49,240
"If you are grateful, I will surely increase you [in favor]."

202
00:09:49,240 --> 00:09:51,240
On the authority of Abu Ya'la

203
00:09:51,240 --> 00:09:54,240
Shaddad ibn Aws, may Allah be pleased with him,

204
00:09:54,240 --> 00:09:58,240
from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said:

205
00:09:58,240 --> 00:10:01,240
"The wise person is the one who subdues his soul

206
00:10:01,240 --> 00:10:03,240
and works for what comes after death,

207
00:10:03,240 --> 00:10:07,240
while the helpless one is the one who lets his soul follow its whims

208
00:10:07,240 --> 00:10:10,429
and relies upon Allah for [the fulfillment of] his desires."

209
00:10:10,429 --> 00:10:12,659
It was narrated by al-Tirmidhi.

210
00:10:12,659 --> 00:10:15,659
Al-Tirmidhi and other scholars said:

211
00:10:15,659 --> 00:10:19,659
"Subdues his soul" means he holds it to account.

212
00:10:19,659 --> 00:10:24,289
"The wise" refers to the intelligent and prudent person.

213
00:10:24,289 --> 00:10:31,250
"The helpless" refers to the weak person who neglects what must be done.

214
00:10:31,250 --> 00:10:33,250
Among the benefits of this hadith:

215
00:10:33,250 --> 00:10:38,659
The obligation of being firm with one's soul and holding it to account.

216
00:10:38,659 --> 00:10:43,019
Preparing for what comes after death through righteous deeds.

217
00:10:43,019 --> 00:10:45,019
Whoever follows the desires of his soul

218
00:10:45,019 --> 00:10:47,019
has gone astray and led others astray.

219
00:10:47,019 --> 00:10:52,340
One should not rely on false hopes and deceptive illusions,

220
00:10:52,340 --> 00:10:56,340
for Allah the Exalted rewards people for what they have done,

221
00:10:56,340 --> 00:10:59,340
not for what they wished for without action.

222
00:10:59,340 --> 00:11:05,350
On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

223
00:11:05,350 --> 00:11:09,350
The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:

224
00:11:09,350 --> 00:11:11,350
"Part of the excellence of a person's Islam

225
00:11:11,350 --> 00:11:13,350
is his leaving alone that which does not concern him."

226
00:11:13,350 --> 00:11:15,480
It was narrated by al-Tirmidhi.

227
00:11:15,480 --> 00:11:18,919
"Part of the excellence of a person's Islam"

228
00:11:18,919 --> 00:11:23,049
means it is a sign of his perfection and uprightness.

229
00:11:23,049 --> 00:11:25,049
"His leaving alone that which does not concern him"

230
00:11:25,049 --> 00:11:30,049
means he abandons what he does not need and what is not necessary according to the rulings of the Shari'ah,

231
00:11:30,049 --> 00:11:34,980
not according to whims and the desires of the self.

232
00:11:34,980 --> 00:11:36,980
Among the benefits of this hadith:

233
00:11:36,980 --> 00:11:42,200
A person should occupy himself with what brings him benefit in this life and the Hereafter,

234
00:11:42,200 --> 00:11:45,200
and turn away from everything else

235
00:11:45,200 --> 00:11:48,200
that he does not need and from which he derives no benefit,

236
00:11:48,200 --> 00:11:51,519
and which may even harm or trouble him.

237
00:11:51,519 --> 00:11:54,519
A person should not meddle in the affairs of others,

238
00:11:54,519 --> 00:11:59,519
for that is part of the perfection of steadfastness in religion.

239
00:11:59,519 --> 00:12:02,350
On the authority of 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him,

240
00:12:02,350 --> 00:12:06,350
from the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said:

241
00:12:06,350 --> 00:12:10,350
"A man shall not be asked why he beat his wife."

242
00:12:10,350 --> 00:12:13,509
It was narrated by Abu Dawud and others.

243
00:12:13,509 --> 00:12:17,950
Among the benefits of this hadith:

244
00:12:17,950 --> 00:12:23,110
One should preserve the secrets that exist between spouses.

245
00:12:23,110 --> 00:12:26,110
"A man shall not be asked why he beat his wife"

246
00:12:26,110 --> 00:12:30,110
because it may be for reasons that are embarrassing to mention,

247
00:12:30,110 --> 00:12:32,110
or matters that must be kept private.

248
00:12:32,110 --> 00:12:37,110
This is left to the husband and his mindfulness of Allah the Exalted.

249
00:12:37,110 --> 00:12:40,429
If matters are brought before a judge,

250
00:12:40,429 --> 00:12:43,429
and the situation requires questioning and answering,

251
00:12:43,429 --> 00:12:48,429
then that is permissible to establish the truth and reconcile between people.

252
00:12:49,429 --> 00:12:52,559
Riyad al-Salihin.