WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 Riyadh al-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:13.769 Chapter: Vigilance (Muraqabah). 00:00:13.769 --> 00:00:19.230 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:00:19.230 --> 00:00:26.260 "You perform deeds that you consider more insignificant than a strand of hair, 00:00:26.260 --> 00:00:33.259 yet during the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, we used to count them among the destructive sins." 00:00:33.259 --> 00:00:35.259 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 00:00:35.259 --> 00:00:40.259 He said: "The destructive sins are those that lead to ruin." 00:00:40.259 --> 00:00:47.060 "More insignificant than a strand of hair" is a metaphor for their perceived triviality and smallness. 00:00:47.060 --> 00:00:49.960 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:00:49.960 --> 00:00:56.090 Taking a sin lightly indicates a lack of fear of Allah the Exalted. 00:00:56.090 --> 00:01:01.090 It is a sign of hypocrisy, contrary to viewing a sin as grave. 00:01:01.090 --> 00:01:07.090 For viewing a sin as grave indicates the perfection of fear and profound vigilance toward Allah the Exalted. 00:01:07.090 --> 00:01:11.219 The hadith contains a warning against a person relying on their own deeds, 00:01:11.219 --> 00:01:15.219 becoming conceited by them, and taking sins lightly. 00:01:15.219 --> 00:01:18.219 For the accumulation of minor sins will surround him, 00:01:18.219 --> 00:01:22.219 and he will meet Allah unable to find a way to escape them, 00:01:22.219 --> 00:01:24.219 so they will destroy and ruin him. 00:01:24.219 --> 00:01:28.379 The most knowledgeable of people regarding Allah the Exalted, after the Prophets, 00:01:28.379 --> 00:01:31.379 the most perfect in piety, and the most intense in fear, 00:01:31.379 --> 00:01:35.379 are the Companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:01:35.379 --> 00:01:41.379 They used to view matters that others considered trivial as destructive, 00:01:41.379 --> 00:01:43.379 due to the greatness of their witnessing the majesty of Allah, 00:01:43.379 --> 00:01:46.379 and the perfection of their knowledge of Him. 00:01:46.379 --> 00:01:51.599 Their understanding—the Companions—of the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His Messenger is what is considered authoritative, 00:01:51.599 --> 00:01:53.599 because it is the path of the believers. 00:01:53.599 --> 00:01:56.599 Whoever follows their methodology succeeds, 00:01:56.599 --> 00:01:59.599 and whoever deviates from it is ruined and causes others to be ruined. 00:01:59.599 --> 00:02:04.040 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:02:04.040 --> 00:02:08.039 from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:02:08.039 --> 00:02:11.039 "Indeed, Allah the Exalted is jealous." 00:02:11.039 --> 00:02:13.039 And the jealousy of Allah the Exalted 00:02:13.039 --> 00:02:17.039 is that a person commits what Allah has forbidden him. 00:02:17.039 --> 00:02:19.039 Agreed upon. 00:02:19.039 --> 00:02:23.139 The essence of jealousy is indignation. 00:02:23.139 --> 00:02:26.159 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:02:26.159 --> 00:02:30.379 It is incumbent upon the servant to distance himself from sins, 00:02:30.379 --> 00:02:34.379 because they cause the wrath of Allah the Exalted. 00:02:34.379 --> 00:02:39.509 Allah, glory be to Him, dislikes disbelief, immorality, and disobedience. 00:02:39.509 --> 00:02:43.889 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:02:43.889 --> 00:02:48.889 that he heard the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saying: 00:02:48.889 --> 00:02:51.889 "There were three men from the Children of Israel: 00:02:51.889 --> 00:02:54.889 a leper, a bald man, and a blind man. 00:02:54.889 --> 00:02:57.949 Allah intended to test them, 00:02:57.949 --> 00:02:59.949 so He sent an angel to them. 00:02:59.949 --> 00:03:02.949 He came to the leper and said, 00:03:02.949 --> 00:03:04.949 'What thing is most beloved to you?' 00:03:04.949 --> 00:03:06.949 He said, 00:03:06.949 --> 00:03:09.949 'A beautiful complexion and beautiful skin, 00:03:09.949 --> 00:03:12.949 and for that which has caused people to shun me to be removed.' 00:03:12.949 --> 00:03:15.949 So he wiped him, and his affliction was removed, 00:03:15.949 --> 00:03:17.949 and he was given a beautiful complexion. 00:03:17.949 --> 00:03:19.949 He said, 00:03:19.949 --> 00:03:21.949 'And what wealth is most beloved to you?' 00:03:22.949 --> 00:03:23.949 He said, 00:03:23.949 --> 00:03:25.949 'Camels,' or he said, 00:03:25.949 --> 00:03:27.949 'Cows.' 00:03:27.949 --> 00:03:29.949 The narrator was in doubt. 00:03:29.949 --> 00:03:31.949 So he was given a pregnant she-camel, 00:03:31.949 --> 00:03:33.949 and he said, 00:03:33.949 --> 00:03:35.949 'May Allah bless you in it.' 00:03:35.949 --> 00:03:37.979 Then he came to the bald man and said, 00:03:37.979 --> 00:03:40.979 'What thing is most beloved to you?' 00:03:40.979 --> 00:03:41.979 He said, 00:03:41.979 --> 00:03:43.979 'Beautiful hair, 00:03:43.979 --> 00:03:47.979 and for that which has caused people to shun me to be removed.' 00:03:47.979 --> 00:03:49.979 So he wiped him, and it was removed, 00:03:49.979 --> 00:03:51.979 and he was given beautiful hair. 00:03:51.979 --> 00:03:53.979 He said, 00:03:53.979 --> 00:03:55.979 'And what wealth is most beloved to you?' 00:03:55.979 --> 00:03:57.979 He said, 00:03:57.979 --> 00:03:58.979 'Cows.' 00:03:58.979 --> 00:04:00.979 So he was given a pregnant cow, 00:04:00.979 --> 00:04:02.979 and he said, 00:04:02.979 --> 00:04:04.979 'May Allah bless you in it.' 00:04:04.979 --> 00:04:08.080 Then he came to the blind man and said, 00:04:08.080 --> 00:04:10.080 'What thing is most beloved to you?' 00:04:10.080 --> 00:04:12.110 He said, 00:04:12.110 --> 00:04:14.110 'That Allah restores my sight to me, 00:04:14.110 --> 00:04:16.110 so that I may see people.' 00:04:16.110 --> 00:04:19.110 So he wiped him, and Allah restored his sight to him. 00:04:19.110 --> 00:04:20.110 He said, 00:04:20.110 --> 00:04:23.180 'And what wealth is most beloved to you?' 00:04:23.180 --> 00:04:24.180 He said, 00:04:24.180 --> 00:04:25.180 'Sheep.' 00:04:25.180 --> 00:04:28.180 So he was given a pregnant ewe. 00:04:28.180 --> 00:04:31.180 It produced offspring, and the other produced offspring, 00:04:31.180 --> 00:04:34.180 until this one had a valley full of camels, 00:04:34.180 --> 00:04:37.180 this one had a valley full of cows, 00:04:37.180 --> 00:04:40.180 and this one had a valley full of sheep. 00:04:40.180 --> 00:04:44.339 Then he came to the leper in his [the leper's] former appearance and state, 00:04:44.339 --> 00:04:45.339 and said, 00:04:45.339 --> 00:04:47.339 'A poor man, 00:04:47.339 --> 00:04:50.339 whose means have been cut off in my journey, 00:04:50.339 --> 00:04:52.339 so I have no provision today 00:04:52.339 --> 00:04:55.339 except through Allah, then through you. 00:04:55.339 --> 00:05:01.339 I ask you by the One who gave you the beautiful complexion, the beautiful skin, and the wealth, 00:05:01.339 --> 00:05:04.339 for a camel to help me reach my destination.' 00:05:04.339 --> 00:05:06.339 He said, 00:05:06.339 --> 00:05:08.339 'The obligations are many.' 00:05:08.339 --> 00:05:09.430 He said, 00:05:09.430 --> 00:05:11.430 'It is as if I know you. 00:05:11.430 --> 00:05:14.430 Were you not a leper whom people shunned, 00:05:14.430 --> 00:05:17.430 and poor, then Allah gave you wealth?' 00:05:17.430 --> 00:05:19.430 He said, 00:05:19.430 --> 00:05:22.430 'I only inherited this wealth from my forefathers.' 00:05:22.430 --> 00:05:24.560 He said, 00:05:24.560 --> 00:05:26.560 'If you are a liar, 00:05:26.560 --> 00:05:29.560 may Allah return you to what you were.' 00:05:29.560 --> 00:05:33.560 He came to the bald man in his former appearance and state, 00:05:33.560 --> 00:05:36.560 and said to him the same as he said to the first, 00:05:36.560 --> 00:05:39.560 and he replied to him the same as the first had replied. 00:05:39.560 --> 00:05:41.560 He said, 00:05:41.560 --> 00:05:43.560 'If you are a liar, 00:05:43.560 --> 00:05:46.560 may Allah return you to what you were.' 00:05:46.560 --> 00:05:50.560 He came to the blind man in his former appearance and state, 00:05:50.560 --> 00:05:51.560 and said, 00:05:51.560 --> 00:05:54.560 'A poor man and a traveler, 00:05:54.560 --> 00:05:57.560 my means have been cut off in my journey, 00:05:57.560 --> 00:06:01.560 so I have no provision today except through Allah, then through you. 00:06:01.560 --> 00:06:04.620 I ask you by the One who restored your sight to you, 00:06:04.620 --> 00:06:08.620 for a sheep to help me reach my destination.' 00:06:08.620 --> 00:06:09.620 He said, 00:06:09.620 --> 00:06:11.620 'I was blind, 00:06:11.620 --> 00:06:14.620 and Allah restored my sight to me. 00:06:14.620 --> 00:06:17.620 So take what you wish and leave what you wish. 00:06:17.620 --> 00:06:20.689 For by Allah, I will not burden you today with anything 00:06:20.689 --> 00:06:23.689 that you take for the sake of Allah the Almighty.' 00:06:23.689 --> 00:06:24.689 He said, 00:06:24.689 --> 00:06:26.689 'Keep your wealth, 00:06:26.689 --> 00:06:28.689 for you have only been tested. 00:06:28.689 --> 00:06:30.689 Allah is pleased with you, 00:06:30.689 --> 00:06:33.750 and is angry with your two companions.' 00:06:33.750 --> 00:06:36.009 Agreed upon. 00:06:36.009 --> 00:06:38.009 The "pregnant she-camel" (al-ashara) 00:06:38.009 --> 00:06:39.009 is the one that is pregnant. 00:06:39.009 --> 00:06:41.040 His saying, 00:06:41.040 --> 00:06:42.040 "It produced offspring" (antaja), 00:06:42.040 --> 00:06:44.040 and in one narration "fa-nataja," 00:06:44.040 --> 00:06:47.040 means he managed its breeding. 00:06:47.040 --> 00:06:51.040 The "nataj" for a camel is like the midwife for a woman. 00:06:51.040 --> 00:06:53.230 "It produced offspring" (walada hadha), 00:06:53.230 --> 00:06:55.230 meaning he managed its birth. 00:06:55.230 --> 00:06:58.230 It has the same meaning as "nataja" regarding the camel. 00:06:58.230 --> 00:07:02.230 So "muwallid," "natij," and "qabila" all have the same meaning, 00:07:02.230 --> 00:07:05.230 but the former is for animals, 00:07:05.230 --> 00:07:07.230 and the latter is for others. 00:07:07.230 --> 00:07:08.420 His saying, 00:07:08.420 --> 00:07:10.420 "My means have been cut off" (in quta'at biya al-hibal), 00:07:10.420 --> 00:07:12.420 means the causes and resources. 00:07:12.420 --> 00:07:13.420 His saying, 00:07:13.420 --> 00:07:15.420 "I will not burden you" (la ajhaduka), 00:07:15.420 --> 00:07:16.420 means: 00:07:16.420 --> 00:07:22.420 I will not make it difficult for you to return anything you take or request from my wealth. 00:07:22.420 --> 00:07:24.420 In the narration of al-Bukhari: 00:07:24.420 --> 00:07:25.420 "I will not reproach you" (la ahmaduka), 00:07:25.420 --> 00:07:27.420 meaning: 00:07:27.420 --> 00:07:31.420 I will not reproach you for leaving anything you need. 00:07:31.420 --> 00:07:32.420 As they said: 00:07:32.420 --> 00:07:35.420 "There is no regret over the length of life," 00:07:35.420 --> 00:07:38.420 meaning over the passing of its length. 00:07:38.420 --> 00:07:40.319 "Bald" (aqra'): 00:07:40.319 --> 00:07:43.319 is one who has lost the hair of his head due to an ailment. 00:07:43.319 --> 00:07:45.420 "Test them" (yabtaliyahum), 00:07:45.420 --> 00:07:47.420 meaning: He examines them. 00:07:47.420 --> 00:07:48.420 "Shunned me" (qadhara-ni), 00:07:48.420 --> 00:07:52.420 meaning: People disliked me and kept away from me. 00:07:52.420 --> 00:07:54.610 "No provision" (la balagh), 00:07:54.610 --> 00:07:58.610 "Balagh" is that by which one reaches the desired thing. 00:07:58.610 --> 00:08:00.800 "From forefathers" (kabiran 'an kabir), 00:08:00.800 --> 00:08:02.800 meaning: from father to grandfather. 00:08:02.800 --> 00:08:07.430 From the benefits of the hadith: 00:08:07.430 --> 00:08:10.720 The permissibility of speaking about past nations, 00:08:10.720 --> 00:08:13.720 especially the Children of Israel, 00:08:13.720 --> 00:08:16.720 for there were wonders among them. 00:08:16.910 --> 00:08:19.910 The obligation of thanking for blessings and not denying them. 00:08:19.910 --> 00:08:22.910 It is a cause for blessing and growth. 00:08:22.910 --> 00:08:25.040 The virtue of charity, 00:08:25.040 --> 00:08:30.040 and the encouragement to be kind to the weak, to honor them, and to help them reach their needs. 00:08:30.040 --> 00:08:33.230 Among the most despicable traits is stinginess, 00:08:33.230 --> 00:08:40.230 for it led those two individuals to forget the blessing of Allah the Exalted upon them and to deny it. 00:08:40.230 --> 00:08:45.419 Stinginess and lying are causes for the wrath and anger of Allah the Exalted, 00:08:45.419 --> 00:08:48.649 as happened to the leper and the bald man. 00:08:48.649 --> 00:08:51.649 Truthfulness and generosity are among the praiseworthy traits, 00:08:51.649 --> 00:08:54.649 and that blind man was characterized by them, 00:08:54.649 --> 00:08:57.649 which led him to gratitude and generosity, 00:08:57.649 --> 00:09:02.220 and he attained thereby the pleasure of Allah the Exalted. 00:09:02.220 --> 00:09:07.220 The reward with Allah the Exalted is based on what appears of a person's deed, 00:09:07.220 --> 00:09:09.450 and according to his intention. 00:09:09.450 --> 00:09:12.450 Providing guidance and instruction through stories, 00:09:12.450 --> 00:09:15.669 because their impact is more profound on the souls. 00:09:15.669 --> 00:09:17.669 The permissibility of asking by Allah, 00:09:17.669 --> 00:09:22.899 as the angel did with the bald man, the leper, and the blind man. 00:09:22.899 --> 00:09:25.899 When blessing settles in something, 00:09:25.899 --> 00:09:27.899 it makes the little much, 00:09:27.899 --> 00:09:30.059 and the opposite is also true. 00:09:30.059 --> 00:09:33.059 Sincere gratitude to Allah the Exalted 00:09:33.059 --> 00:09:37.059 is manifested in the servant's acknowledgment of Allah's favor upon him, 00:09:37.059 --> 00:09:39.059 with his heart and his tongue, 00:09:39.059 --> 00:09:42.059 And he was quick to spend in the way of Allah. 00:09:42.059 --> 00:09:44.059 Allah the Exalted says: 00:09:44.059 --> 00:09:49.240 "If you are grateful, I will surely increase you [in favor]." 00:09:49.240 --> 00:09:51.240 On the authority of Abu Ya'la 00:09:51.240 --> 00:09:54.240 Shaddad ibn Aws, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:09:54.240 --> 00:09:58.240 from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:09:58.240 --> 00:10:01.240 "The wise person is the one who subdues his soul 00:10:01.240 --> 00:10:03.240 and works for what comes after death, 00:10:03.240 --> 00:10:07.240 while the helpless one is the one who lets his soul follow its whims 00:10:07.240 --> 00:10:10.429 and relies upon Allah for [the fulfillment of] his desires." 00:10:10.429 --> 00:10:12.659 It was narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 00:10:12.659 --> 00:10:15.659 Al-Tirmidhi and other scholars said: 00:10:15.659 --> 00:10:19.659 "Subdues his soul" means he holds it to account. 00:10:19.659 --> 00:10:24.289 "The wise" refers to the intelligent and prudent person. 00:10:24.289 --> 00:10:31.250 "The helpless" refers to the weak person who neglects what must be done. 00:10:31.250 --> 00:10:33.250 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:10:33.250 --> 00:10:38.659 The obligation of being firm with one's soul and holding it to account. 00:10:38.659 --> 00:10:43.019 Preparing for what comes after death through righteous deeds. 00:10:43.019 --> 00:10:45.019 Whoever follows the desires of his soul 00:10:45.019 --> 00:10:47.019 has gone astray and led others astray. 00:10:47.019 --> 00:10:52.340 One should not rely on false hopes and deceptive illusions, 00:10:52.340 --> 00:10:56.340 for Allah the Exalted rewards people for what they have done, 00:10:56.340 --> 00:10:59.340 not for what they wished for without action. 00:10:59.340 --> 00:11:05.350 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:11:05.350 --> 00:11:09.350 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: 00:11:09.350 --> 00:11:11.350 "Part of the excellence of a person's Islam 00:11:11.350 --> 00:11:13.350 is his leaving alone that which does not concern him." 00:11:13.350 --> 00:11:15.480 It was narrated by al-Tirmidhi. 00:11:15.480 --> 00:11:18.919 "Part of the excellence of a person's Islam" 00:11:18.919 --> 00:11:23.049 means it is a sign of his perfection and uprightness. 00:11:23.049 --> 00:11:25.049 "His leaving alone that which does not concern him" 00:11:25.049 --> 00:11:30.049 means he abandons what he does not need and what is not necessary according to the rulings of the Shari'ah, 00:11:30.049 --> 00:11:34.980 not according to whims and the desires of the self. 00:11:34.980 --> 00:11:36.980 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:11:36.980 --> 00:11:42.200 A person should occupy himself with what brings him benefit in this life and the Hereafter, 00:11:42.200 --> 00:11:45.200 and turn away from everything else 00:11:45.200 --> 00:11:48.200 that he does not need and from which he derives no benefit, 00:11:48.200 --> 00:11:51.519 and which may even harm or trouble him. 00:11:51.519 --> 00:11:54.519 A person should not meddle in the affairs of others, 00:11:54.519 --> 00:11:59.519 for that is part of the perfection of steadfastness in religion. 00:11:59.519 --> 00:12:02.350 On the authority of 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:12:02.350 --> 00:12:06.350 from the Prophet, peace be upon him, who said: 00:12:06.350 --> 00:12:10.350 "A man shall not be asked why he beat his wife." 00:12:10.350 --> 00:12:13.509 It was narrated by Abu Dawud and others. 00:12:13.509 --> 00:12:17.950 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:12:17.950 --> 00:12:23.110 One should preserve the secrets that exist between spouses. 00:12:23.110 --> 00:12:26.110 "A man shall not be asked why he beat his wife" 00:12:26.110 --> 00:12:30.110 because it may be for reasons that are embarrassing to mention, 00:12:30.110 --> 00:12:32.110 or matters that must be kept private. 00:12:32.110 --> 00:12:37.110 This is left to the husband and his mindfulness of Allah the Exalted. 00:12:37.110 --> 00:12:40.429 If matters are brought before a judge, 00:12:40.429 --> 00:12:43.429 and the situation requires questioning and answering, 00:12:43.429 --> 00:12:48.429 then that is permissible to establish the truth and reconcile between people. 00:12:49.429 --> 00:12:52.559 Riyad al-Salihin.