WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.299 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:03.299 --> 00:00:08.199 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.199 --> 00:00:12.789 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:12.789 --> 00:00:18.690 Surah al-Hujurat. 00:00:18.690 --> 00:00:23.089 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.089 --> 00:00:30.589 “O ye who believe! Be not forward in the presence of Allah and His messenger, and keep your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (49:1) 00:00:30.589 --> 00:00:36.990 “O ye who believe! Be not forward in the presence of Allah and His messenger, and keep your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is Hearer, Knower.” (49:1) 00:00:36.990 --> 00:00:41.759 O you who have affirmed the oneness of Allah, 00:00:41.759 --> 00:00:47.560 Do not hasten to decide upon a matter before Allah and His Messenger have decided it for you. 00:00:47.560 --> 00:00:54.159 And fear Allah in your speech, lest you say that which Allah and His Messenger have not permitted you to say. 00:00:54.159 --> 00:01:00.359 Indeed, Allah is All-Hearing of what you say, All-Knowing, and nothing is hidden from Him. 00:01:01.359 --> 00:01:15.659 “O ye who believe! Lift not up your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor shout when speaking to him as ye shout one to another, lest your works be rendered vain while ye perceive not.” (49:2) 00:01:15.659 --> 00:01:26.859 “O ye who believe! Lift not up your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor shout when speaking to him as ye shout one to another, lest your works be rendered vain while ye perceive not.” (49:2) 00:01:26.859 --> 00:01:35.409 “O ye who believe! Lift not up your voices above the voice of the Prophet, nor shout when speaking to him as ye shout one to another, lest your works be rendered vain while ye perceive not.” (49:2) 00:01:35.409 --> 00:01:38.909 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, 00:01:38.909 --> 00:01:42.709 Do not raise your voices above the voice of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), 00:01:42.709 --> 00:01:45.409 Nor speak harshly to him in your address. 00:01:45.409 --> 00:01:49.109 And do not call out to him as you call out to one another, 00:01:49.109 --> 00:01:51.810 Saying, "O Muhammad, O Muhammad." 00:01:51.810 --> 00:01:56.109 Rather, speak softly with reverence and veneration, 00:01:56.109 --> 00:02:02.780 Lest your deeds be rendered void, leaving you with no reward for them. 00:02:02.780 --> 00:02:08.979 Indeed, those who lower their voices in the presence of the Messenger of Allah, 00:02:08.979 --> 00:02:21.780 “Lo! they who subdue their voices in the presence of the messenger of Allah, those are they whose hearts Allah hath proven unto righteousness. Theirs will be forgiveness and immense reward.” (49:3) 00:02:21.780 --> 00:02:29.509 For them is forgiveness and a great reward. 00:02:29.509 --> 00:02:34.110 Indeed, those who refrain from raising their voices in the presence of the Messenger of Allah, 00:02:34.110 --> 00:02:40.009 These are they whose hearts Allah has tested through trial, 00:02:40.009 --> 00:02:46.409 Purifying and refining them for piety by performing His obedience and avoiding His disobedience. 00:02:46.409 --> 00:02:50.210 They shall have from Allah forgiveness for their past sins, 00:02:50.310 --> 00:02:53.509 And a generous reward, which is Paradise. 00:02:53.509 --> 00:03:04.539 “Lo! those who call thee from behind the private apartments, most of them have no sense.” (49:4) 00:03:04.539 --> 00:03:11.539 “And if they had had patience till thou camest forth unto them, it had been better for them. And Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” (49:5) 00:03:11.539 --> 00:03:16.479 And Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. 00:03:16.479 --> 00:03:21.080 Indeed, those who call out to you, O Muhammad, from behind your private chambers, 00:03:21.080 --> 00:03:24.080 Most of them are ignorant of the religion of Allah. 00:03:24.080 --> 00:03:29.710 And had those who call out to you, O Muhammad, from behind the chambers, 00:03:29.710 --> 00:03:33.710 Remained patient until you came out to them, 00:03:33.710 --> 00:03:36.710 It would have been better for them in the sight of Allah. 00:03:36.710 --> 00:03:41.210 And Allah is Oft-Forgiving to those who called out to you from behind the veil, 00:03:41.210 --> 00:03:46.210 Merciful to them, not punishing them for their sin after they have repented from it. 00:03:47.800 --> 00:03:50.300 O you who have believed, 00:03:50.300 --> 00:03:56.300 “O ye who believe! If an evil-liver bring you tidings, verify it, lest ye smite some folk in ignorance and afterward repent of what ye did.” (49:6) 00:03:56.300 --> 00:04:04.300 “O ye who believe! If an evil-liver bring you tidings, verify it, lest ye smite some folk in ignorance and afterward repent of what ye did.” (49:6) 00:04:04.300 --> 00:04:10.300 “O ye who believe! If an evil-liver bring you tidings, verify it, lest ye smite some folk in ignorance and afterward repent of what ye did.” (49:6) 00:04:10.300 --> 00:04:14.780 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, 00:04:14.780 --> 00:04:17.779 If a transgressor comes to you with news about a people, 00:04:17.779 --> 00:04:21.779 Then verify it, lest you harm a people in ignorance, 00:04:21.779 --> 00:04:24.779 Because of what you have accused them of out of your own ignorance, 00:04:24.779 --> 00:04:30.740 And then regret having harmed them. 00:04:30.740 --> 00:04:36.740 And know that the Messenger of Allah is among you. 00:04:36.740 --> 00:04:40.740 “And know that the messenger of Allah is among you. If he were to obey you in much of the government, ye would surely be in trouble; but Allah hath endeared the faith to you and hath beautified it in your hearts, and hath made disbelief and lewdness and rebellion hateful unto you. Such are they who are the rightly guided.” (49:7) 00:04:40.740 --> 00:04:51.740 “And know that the messenger of Allah is among you. If he were to obey you in much of the government, ye would surely be in trouble; but Allah hath endeared the faith to you and hath beautified it in your hearts, and hath made disbelief and lewdness and rebellion hateful unto you. Such are they who are the rightly guided.” (49:7) 00:04:51.740 --> 00:04:57.740 And He has beautified it in your hearts. 00:04:57.740 --> 00:05:04.740 “And know that the messenger of Allah is among you. If he were to obey you in much of the government, ye would surely be in trouble; but Allah hath endeared the faith to you and hath beautified it in your hearts, and hath made disbelief and lewdness and rebellion hateful unto you. Such are they who are the rightly guided.” (49:7) 00:05:04.740 --> 00:05:09.740 Those are the rightly guided. 00:05:09.740 --> 00:05:12.740 “(It is) a bounty and a grace from Allah; and Allah is Knower, Wise.” (49:8) 00:05:12.740 --> 00:05:16.740 And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise. 00:05:16.740 --> 00:05:21.639 And know, O you who believe in Allah and His Messenger, 00:05:21.639 --> 00:05:23.639 “And know that the messenger of Allah is among you. If he were to obey you in much of the government, ye would surely be in trouble; but Allah hath endeared the faith to you and hath beautified it in your hearts, and hath made disbelief and lewdness and rebellion hateful unto you. Such are they who are the rightly guided.” (49:7) 00:05:23.639 --> 00:05:26.639 So fear Allah, lest you speak falsehood, 00:05:26.639 --> 00:05:29.639 For Allah is aware of your affairs. 00:05:29.639 --> 00:05:33.639 If the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) 00:05:33.639 --> 00:05:36.639 Were to follow your opinions in matters and obey you, 00:05:36.639 --> 00:05:41.639 You would surely face hardship and difficulty in many affairs. 00:05:41.639 --> 00:05:46.730 But Allah has endeared faith in Allah and His Messenger to you, 00:05:46.730 --> 00:05:49.730 So you obey the Messenger of Allah, 00:05:49.730 --> 00:05:51.730 And He has made faith beautiful in your hearts, 00:05:51.730 --> 00:05:55.730 And has made disbelief in Allah, lying, 00:05:55.730 --> 00:05:57.730 And committing what Allah has forbidden hateful to you. 00:05:57.730 --> 00:06:02.730 These are the rightly guided, following the path of truth. 00:06:02.730 --> 00:06:06.759 Allah has bestowed this grace upon you as a favor from Him. 00:06:06.759 --> 00:06:10.759 And Allah is All-Knowing of who among you is a doer of good and who is a doer of evil, 00:06:10.759 --> 00:06:14.759 And All-Wise in the management of His creation. 00:06:34.949 --> 00:06:39.949 “And if two parties of believers fall to fighting, then make peace between them. And if one party of them doeth wrong to the other, fight ye that which doeth wrong till it return unto the ordinance of Allah; then, if it return, make peace between them justly, and act equitably. Lo! Allah loveth the equitable.” (49:9) 00:06:39.949 --> 00:06:47.949 “And if two parties of believers fall to fighting, then make peace between them. And if one party of them doeth wrong to the other, fight ye that which doeth wrong till it return unto the ordinance of Allah; then, if it return, make peace between them justly, and act equitably. Lo! Allah loveth the equitable.” (49:9) 00:06:47.949 --> 00:06:54.939 Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly. 00:06:54.939 --> 00:06:58.939 And if two parties among the believers fight each other, 00:06:58.939 --> 00:07:01.939 Then make peace between them, O believers, 00:07:01.939 --> 00:07:05.939 By calling them to the judgment of the Book of Allah and being content with what is in it. 00:07:05.939 --> 00:07:11.939 If one of these two parties refuses to respond to the judgment of the Book of Allah, 00:07:11.939 --> 00:07:15.939 And transgresses what Allah has established as justice among His creation, 00:07:15.939 --> 00:07:20.939 Then fight the one that transgresses until it returns to the judgment of Allah. 00:07:20.939 --> 00:07:22.939 If it returns to the truth, 00:07:22.939 --> 00:07:27.939 Then make peace between them and the other party with fairness. 00:07:27.939 --> 00:07:30.939 And act justly, O believers, in your judgment, 00:07:30.939 --> 00:07:34.939 For Allah loves those who are just in their judgments. 00:07:34.939 --> 00:07:43.089 “The believers are naught else than brothers. Therefore make peace between your brethren and observe your duty to Allah that haply ye may obtain mercy.” (49:10) 00:07:43.089 --> 00:07:50.089 “The believers are naught else than brothers. Therefore make peace between your brethren and observe your duty to Allah that haply ye may obtain mercy.” (49:10) 00:07:50.089 --> 00:07:53.920 The believers are but brothers in religion, 00:07:53.920 --> 00:07:57.920 So make peace between your two brothers if they fight, 00:07:57.920 --> 00:08:01.920 By compelling them to the judgment of Allah and the judgment of His Messenger. 00:08:01.920 --> 00:08:04.920 And fear Allah, O people, 00:08:04.920 --> 00:08:10.660 That your Lord may have mercy upon you and overlook your past crimes. 00:08:10.660 --> 00:08:16.660 “O ye who believe! Let not a folk deride a folk who may be better than they (are), not let women (deride) women who may be better than they are; neither defame one another, nor insult one another by nicknames. Bad is the name of lewdness after faith. And whoso turneth not in repentance, such are evil-doers.” (49:11) 00:08:16.660 --> 00:08:25.660 “O ye who believe! Let not a folk deride a folk who may be better than they (are), not let women (deride) women who may be better than they are; neither defame one another, nor insult one another by nicknames. Bad is the name of lewdness after faith. And whoso turneth not in repentance, such are evil-doers.” (49:11) 00:08:25.660 --> 00:08:30.660 “O ye who believe! Let not a folk deride a folk who may be better than they (are), not let women (deride) women who may be better than they are; neither defame one another, nor insult one another by nicknames. Bad is the name of lewdness after faith. And whoso turneth not in repentance, such are evil-doers.” (49:11) 00:08:30.660 --> 00:08:37.659 “O ye who believe! Let not a folk deride a folk who may be better than they (are), not let women (deride) women who may be better than they are; neither defame one another, nor insult one another by nicknames. Bad is the name of lewdness after faith. And whoso turneth not in repentance, such are evil-doers.” (49:11) 00:08:37.659 --> 00:08:44.659 “O ye who believe! Let not a folk deride a folk who may be better than they (are), not let women (deride) women who may be better than they are; neither defame one another, nor insult one another by nicknames. Bad is the name of lewdness after faith. And whoso turneth not in repentance, such are evil-doers.” (49:11) 00:08:44.659 --> 00:08:50.659 “O ye who believe! Let not a folk deride a folk who may be better than they (are), not let women (deride) women who may be better than they are; neither defame one another, nor insult one another by nicknames. Bad is the name of lewdness after faith. And whoso turneth not in repentance, such are evil-doers.” (49:11) 00:08:50.659 --> 00:08:57.659 “O ye who believe! Let not a folk deride a folk who may be better than they (are), not let women (deride) women who may be better than they are; neither defame one another, nor insult one another by nicknames. Bad is the name of lewdness after faith. And whoso turneth not in repentance, such are evil-doers.” (49:11) 00:08:59.200 --> 00:09:02.200 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, 00:09:02.200 --> 00:09:06.200 Let not a people mock other people among the believers, 00:09:06.200 --> 00:09:11.240 Perhaps those who are mocked are better than those who mock. 00:09:11.240 --> 00:09:15.240 And let not women mock other women among the believers, 00:09:15.240 --> 00:09:20.240 Perhaps those who are mocked are better than those who mock. 00:09:20.240 --> 00:09:24.269 And do not backbite one another, O believers, 00:09:24.269 --> 00:09:27.269 And do not slander one another, 00:09:27.269 --> 00:09:30.269 And do not call one another by offensive nicknames. 00:09:30.269 --> 00:09:34.269 And whoever does what We have forbidden is a transgressor. 00:09:34.269 --> 00:09:38.269 “O ye who believe! Let not a folk deride a folk who may be better than they (are), not let women (deride) women who may be better than they are; neither defame one another, nor insult one another by nicknames. Bad is the name of lewdness after faith. And whoso turneth not in repentance, such are evil-doers.” (49:11) 00:09:38.269 --> 00:09:43.269 And whoever does not repent from calling his brother by offensive nicknames or mocking him, 00:09:43.269 --> 00:09:50.259 Then those are the ones who have wronged themselves, earning the punishment of Allah. 00:09:50.259 --> 00:09:56.259 “O ye who believe! Shun much suspicion; for lo! some suspicion is a crime. And spy not, neither backbite one another. Would one of you love to eat the flesh of his dead brother? Ye abhor that (so abhor the other)! And keep your duty (to Allah). Lo! Allah is Relenting, Merciful.” (49:12) 00:09:56.259 --> 00:09:59.259 Indeed, some suspicion is a sin. 00:09:59.259 --> 00:10:05.259 “O ye who believe! Shun much suspicion; for lo! some suspicion is a crime. And spy not, neither backbite one another. Would one of you love to eat the flesh of his dead brother? Ye abhor that (so abhor the other)! And keep your duty (to Allah). Lo! Allah is Relenting, Merciful.” (49:12) 00:10:05.259 --> 00:10:11.259 “O ye who believe! Shun much suspicion; for lo! some suspicion is a crime. And spy not, neither backbite one another. Would one of you love to eat the flesh of his dead brother? Ye abhor that (so abhor the other)! And keep your duty (to Allah). Lo! Allah is Relenting, Merciful.” (49:12) 00:10:11.259 --> 00:10:13.259 And you disliked it. 00:10:13.259 --> 00:10:19.259 “O ye who believe! Shun much suspicion; for lo! some suspicion is a crime. And spy not, neither backbite one another. Would one of you love to eat the flesh of his dead brother? Ye abhor that (so abhor the other)! And keep your duty (to Allah). Lo! Allah is Relenting, Merciful.” (49:12) 00:10:19.259 --> 00:10:24.190 O you who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, 00:10:24.190 --> 00:10:28.190 Do not harbor much suspicion toward the believers, 00:10:28.190 --> 00:10:32.190 For a believer's suspicion of evil regarding another believer is a sin. 00:10:32.190 --> 00:10:35.190 And do not spy on one another, 00:10:35.190 --> 00:10:39.190 But be content with what has appeared to you of his affairs, 00:10:39.190 --> 00:10:41.190 And based on that, praise or blame him. 00:10:41.190 --> 00:10:45.190 And do not speak of one another behind their backs, 00:10:45.190 --> 00:10:50.190 Saying what the person being spoken about would dislike to have said to his face. 00:10:50.190 --> 00:10:56.190 Would one of you, O people, like to eat the flesh of his brother when he is dead? 00:10:56.190 --> 00:10:59.190 Since you would not like that and would dislike it, 00:10:59.190 --> 00:11:03.190 Then likewise, do not like to backbite him while he is alive. 00:11:03.190 --> 00:11:09.190 For Allah has forbidden backbiting him while alive just as He has forbidden eating his flesh while dead. 00:11:09.190 --> 00:11:14.190 So fear Allah, O people, by desisting from what He has forbidden you. 00:11:14.190 --> 00:11:20.190 Indeed, Allah turns to His servant with what he loves when the servant turns to his Lord, 00:11:20.190 --> 00:11:26.190 Merciful to him, not punishing him for a sin he committed after he has repented from it. 00:11:26.190 --> 00:11:44.340 “O mankind! Lo! We have created you male and female, and have made you nations and tribes that ye may know one another. Lo! the noblest of you, in the sight of Allah, is the best in conduct. Lo! Allah is Knower, Aware.” (49:13) 00:11:44.340 --> 00:11:54.340 “O mankind! Lo! We have created you male and female, and have made you nations and tribes that ye may know one another. Lo! the noblest of you, in the sight of Allah, is the best in conduct. Lo! Allah is Knower, Aware.” (49:13) 00:11:54.340 --> 00:12:05.690 “O mankind! Lo! We have created you male and female, and have made you nations and tribes that ye may know one another. Lo! the noblest of you, in the sight of Allah, is the best in conduct. Lo! Allah is Knower, Aware.” (49:13) 00:12:05.690 --> 00:12:12.840 O mankind, indeed We have created you from the fluid of a male, 00:12:12.840 --> 00:12:17.840 And the fluid of a female, and We have made you into lineages, 00:12:17.840 --> 00:12:21.840 So some of you are related to others by distant lineage. 00:12:21.840 --> 00:12:25.840 Those related by distant lineage are the nations (shu'ub), 00:12:25.840 --> 00:12:30.840 And those related by close lineage are the tribes (qaba'il), 00:12:30.840 --> 00:12:35.840 So that you may know one another in terms of the closeness or distance of kinship, 00:12:35.840 --> 00:12:38.840 Not for any virtue you possess in that. 00:12:38.840 --> 00:12:44.840 Indeed, the most noble of you, O people, in the sight of your Lord is the most righteous among you, 00:12:44.840 --> 00:12:47.840 By performing His obligatory duties and avoiding His disobedience. 00:12:47.840 --> 00:12:51.840 Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing of who is most righteous and noble in His sight, 00:12:51.840 --> 00:12:57.840 All-Aware of you, your interests, and other matters concerning you. 00:12:57.840 --> 00:13:02.830 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.