1
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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.

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Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari.

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Surah Yusuf.

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In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

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“They said: If he stealeth, a brother of his stole before. But Joseph kept it secret in his soul and revealed it not unto them. He said (within himself): Ye are in worse case, and Allah knoweth best (the truth of) that which ye allege.” (12:77)

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“They said: If he stealeth, a brother of his stole before. But Joseph kept it secret in his soul and revealed it not unto them. He said (within himself): Ye are in worse case, and Allah knoweth best (the truth of) that which ye allege.” (12:77)

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“They said: If he stealeth, a brother of his stole before. But Joseph kept it secret in his soul and revealed it not unto them. He said (within himself): Ye are in worse case, and Allah knoweth best (the truth of) that which ye allege.” (12:77)

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“They said: If he stealeth, a brother of his stole before. But Joseph kept it secret in his soul and revealed it not unto them. He said (within himself): Ye are in worse case, and Allah knoweth best (the truth of) that which ye allege.” (12:77)

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“They said: If he stealeth, a brother of his stole before. But Joseph kept it secret in his soul and revealed it not unto them. He said (within himself): Ye are in worse case, and Allah knoweth best (the truth of) that which ye allege.” (12:77)

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They mean Yusuf.

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Yusuf kept it to himself and did not reveal it to them.

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He said, "You are in a worse position before Allah, because of your past actions."

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And Allah knows best the falsehood of what you claim regarding his brother, Binyamin.

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“They said: O ruler of the land! Lo! he hath a very aged father, so take one of us instead of him. Lo! we behold thee of those who do kindness.” (12:78)

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“They said: O ruler of the land! Lo! he hath a very aged father, so take one of us instead of him. Lo! we behold thee of those who do kindness.” (12:78)

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"We see that you are of the doers of good."

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The brothers of Yusuf said:

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"O King, he has an aged father who is deeply attached to him."

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"So take one of us in place of Binyamin, and let him go."

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"We see that you are of the doers of good in your actions."

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“He said: Allah forbid that we should seize save him with whom we found our property; then truly we should be wrong-doers.” (12:79)

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“He said: Allah forbid that we should seize save him with whom we found our property; then truly we should be wrong-doers.” (12:79)

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Yusuf said to his brothers:

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"I seek refuge in Allah from taking anyone other than the one with whom we found our property."

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"For if we did that, we would be doing what we have no right to do, and we would be acting unjustly toward people."

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So when they despaired of him, they withdrew to confer privately.

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“So, When they despaired of (moving) him, they conferred together apart. The eldest of them said: Know ye not how your father took an undertaking from you in Allah's name and how ye failed in the case of Joseph aforetime? Therefore I shall not go forth from the land until my father giveth leave or Allah judgeth for me. He is the Best of Judges.” (12:80)

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“So, When they despaired of (moving) him, they conferred together apart. The eldest of them said: Know ye not how your father took an undertaking from you in Allah's name and how ye failed in the case of Joseph aforetime? Therefore I shall not go forth from the land until my father giveth leave or Allah judgeth for me. He is the Best of Judges.” (12:80)

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“So, When they despaired of (moving) him, they conferred together apart. The eldest of them said: Know ye not how your father took an undertaking from you in Allah's name and how ye failed in the case of Joseph aforetime? Therefore I shall not go forth from the land until my father giveth leave or Allah judgeth for me. He is the Best of Judges.” (12:80)

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And He is the best of judges.

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When they despaired of him and saw his firmness in the matter,

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Some of them said to others:

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"What do you think?"

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Their eldest said:

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"Do you not know, O people, that your father, Ya'qub,

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Has taken from you a pledge before Allah and His solemn covenants?

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That we will surely bring him back to him, unless you are overpowered.

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And before this, you were negligent in your duty regarding Yusuf."

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"I will not leave this land where I am,"

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"Until my father permits me to leave it,"

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"Or Allah decides for me to leave it,"

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"Otherwise, I shall not leave."

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"And Allah is the best of judges,"

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"And the most just of those who settle matters between people."

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“Return unto your father and say: O our father! Lo! thy son hath stolen. We testify only to that which we know; we are not guardians of the Unseen.” (12:81)

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“Return unto your father and say: O our father! Lo! thy son hath stolen. We testify only to that which we know; we are not guardians of the Unseen.” (12:81)

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“Return unto your father and say: O our father! Lo! thy son hath stolen. We testify only to that which we know; we are not guardians of the Unseen.” (12:81)

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“Ask the township where we were, and the caravan with which we travelled hither. Lo! we speak the truth.” (12:82)

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“Ask the township where we were, and the caravan with which we travelled hither. Lo! we speak the truth.” (12:82)

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"And indeed, we are truthful."

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"Return, my brothers, to your father, Ya'qub, and say to him:"

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"O our father, your son, Binyamin, has stolen."

54
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"And we did not testify that your son stole,"

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"Except based on what we knew from seeing the measuring cup in his bag."

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"And we did not think that your son would steal,"

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"And that our situation would come to this."

58
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"And ask, if you are suspicious of us,"

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"The people of the town where we were, which is Egypt,"

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"And the caravan with which we arrived."

61
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"And indeed, we are truthful in what we have told you of his story."

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He said, "Rather, your souls have tempted you to do something; so patience is beautiful."

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“(And when they came unto their father and had spoken thus to him) he said: Nay, but your minds have beguiled you into something. (My course is) comely patience! It may be that Allah will bring them all unto me. Lo! He, only He, is the Knower, the Wise.” (12:83)

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"Indeed, He is the All-Knowing, the Wise."

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Ya'qub said:

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"Rather, your souls have adorned for you a matter that you intended and desired."

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"So my patience for what has befallen me in the loss of my son is a beautiful patience."

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"It contains no agitation and no complaint."

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"Perhaps Allah will bring all my sons back to me."

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"Indeed, He is the All-Knowing of my solitude,"

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"And of my loss and my grief for them,"

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"The Wise in the management of His creation."

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“And he turned away from them and said: Alas, my grief for Joseph! And his eyes were whitened with the sorrow that he was suppressing.” (12:84)

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Ya'qub turned away from them and said, "Oh, my sorrow for Yusuf!"

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And Ya'qub’s eyes turned white from grief,

76
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For he was suppressing his sorrow,

77
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Filled with it, yet not revealing it.

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“They said: By Allah, thou wilt never cease remembering Joseph till thy health is ruined or thou art of those who perish!” (12:85)

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The sons of Ya'qub said:

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"By Allah, you will not cease remembering Yusuf,"

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"Until you become wasted in body or lose your mind,"

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"Or become one of those who perish by death."

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“He said: I expose my distress and anguish only unto Allah, and I know from Allah that which ye know not.” (12:86)

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Ya'qub said:

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"I do not complain of my distress and my grief to you,"

86
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"But I complain of my situation, my story, and my grief only to Allah."

87
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"And I know that the vision of Yusuf is true,"

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"And that I will prostrate to him."

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“Go, O my sons, and ascertain concerning Joseph and his brother, and despair not of the Spirit of Allah. Lo! none despaireth of the Spirit of Allah save disbelieving folk.” (12:87)

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“Go, O my sons, and ascertain concerning Joseph and his brother, and despair not of the Spirit of Allah. Lo! none despaireth of the Spirit of Allah save disbelieving folk.” (12:87)

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"O my sons,"

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"Go to the place from which you came,"

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"And search for Yusuf, and learn of his news and his brother, Binyamin."

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"And do not despair of Allah relieving us of what we are in,"

95
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"Of the grief for Yusuf and his brother, with relief from Him."

96
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"Indeed, no one despairs of His relief and His mercy,"

97
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"Except the people who deny His power to bring into being whatever He wills."

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"Hardship has afflicted us and our family, and we have brought meager goods."

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"So fulfill for us the measure and be charitable to us."

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“And when they came (again) before him (Joseph) they said: O ruler! Misfortune hath touched us and our folk, and we bring but poor merchandise, so fill for us the measure and be charitable unto us. Lo! Allah will requite the charitable,” (12:88)

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So when they entered upon him,

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They said, "O Aziz, hardship has afflicted us and our family from drought and famine."

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"We have brought a small amount of goods that are of little value."

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"So fulfill for us the measure and give us for it what you used to give us before,"

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"With the good price and the valid, full-weight dirhams that are not rejected."

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"And be charitable to us."

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"Indeed, Allah rewards those who are charitable to the needy with their wealth."

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“He said: Know ye what ye did unto Joseph and his brother in your ignorance?” (12:89)

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"When you were ignorant."

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Yusuf said to them:

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"Do you remember what you did to Yusuf and his brother?"

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"When you separated them,"

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"And did what you did,"

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"When you were ignorant of the consequence of what you were doing to Yusuf,"

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"And what his affair and yours would lead to?"

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They said, "Are you indeed Yusuf?"

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“They said: Is it indeed thou who art Joseph? He said: I am Joseph and this is my brother. Allah hath shown us favour. Lo! he who wardeth off (evil) and endureth (findeth favour); for lo! Allah loseth not the wages of the kindly.” (12:90)

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"Allah has been gracious to us."

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"Indeed, whoever fears Allah and is patient,"

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"Then Allah does not waste the reward of the doers of good."

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The brothers of Yusuf said:

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"You are indeed Yusuf!"

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He said, "Yes, I am Yusuf,"

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"And this is my brother."

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"Allah has been gracious to us,"

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"By reuniting us after you separated us."

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"Indeed, whoever fears Allah,"

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"By watching over Him through performing His obligatory duties,"

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"And abstaining from His prohibitions,"

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"And restrains his soul, holding it back from what Allah has forbidden him,"

131
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"Then Allah does not invalidate the reward of his good deeds,"

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"And the recompense for his obedience to Him in what He commanded and forbade."

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“They said: By Allah, verily Allah hath preferred thee above us, and we were indeed sinful.” (12:91)

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“They said: By Allah, verily Allah hath preferred thee above us, and we were indeed sinful.” (12:91)

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"And indeed, we were sinners."

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The brothers of Yusuf said to him:

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"By Allah, Allah has preferred you over us,"

138
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"And favored you with knowledge, forbearance, and virtue."

139
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"And we were, in our action that we did to you,"

140
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"In our separating you from your father and your brother, nothing but sinners."

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“He said: Have no fear this day! May Allah forgive you, and He is the Most Merciful of those who show mercy.” (12:92)

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"May Allah forgive you,"

143
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"And He is the Most Merciful of the merciful."

144
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Yusuf said to his brothers:

145
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"There is no reproach upon you today,"

146
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"Nor any corruption of the sanctity and right of brotherhood between me and you."

147
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"Allah has pardoned your sin and your injustice, and He has covered it for you."

148
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"And Allah is the Most Merciful of the merciful to those who repent of their sin and turn to His obedience."

149
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"Take this shirt of mine,"

150
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"And cast it over the face of my father; he will become seeing."

151
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"And cast it over the face of my father; he will become seeing."

152
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"And bring me your family, all of them."

153
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It is mentioned that Yusuf, peace be upon him, asked them about their father.

154
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They said, "His sight has gone from grief."

155
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So he said to them:

156
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“Go with this shirt of mine and lay it on my father's face, he will become (again) a seer; and come to me with all your folk.” (12:93)

157
00:12:29,649 --> 00:12:32,210
"And bring me all of your family."

158
00:12:33,679 --> 00:12:42,120
“When the caravan departed their father had said: Truly I am conscious of the breath of Joseph, though ye call me dotard.” (12:94)

159
00:12:42,600 --> 00:12:47,639
"Unless you think me senile."

160
00:12:48,730 --> 00:12:53,129
And when the caravan of the sons of Ya'qub departed, heading toward Ya'qub,

161
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Their father, Ya'qub, said:

162
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“When the caravan departed their father had said: Truly I am conscious of the breath of Joseph, though ye call me dotard.” (12:94)

163
00:12:58,529 --> 00:13:01,490
"Unless you think me senile and incapable,"

164
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"And blame me and call me a liar."

165
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“(Those around him) said: By Allah, lo! thou art in thine old aberration.” (12:95)

166
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They said, "By Allah, O man,"

167
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"You are, because of your love for Yusuf,"

168
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"Still in your old error and straying; you do not forget him nor find solace from him."

169
00:13:26,090 --> 00:13:33,370
“Then, when the bearer of glad tidings came, he laid it on his face and he became a seer once more. He said: Said I not unto you that I know from Allah that which ye know not?” (12:96)

170
00:13:33,769 --> 00:13:38,529
“Then, when the bearer of glad tidings came, he laid it on his face and he became a seer once more. He said: Said I not unto you that I know from Allah that which ye know not?” (12:96)

171
00:13:38,970 --> 00:13:46,289
“Then, when the bearer of glad tidings came, he laid it on his face and he became a seer once more. He said: Said I not unto you that I know from Allah that which ye know not?” (12:96)

172
00:13:47,970 --> 00:13:52,009
So when the bearer of glad tidings came to Ya'qub from his son, Yusuf,

173
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The bearer of glad tidings cast the shirt of Yusuf upon the face of Ya'qub,

174
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And he regained his sight with his eyes.

175
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Ya'qub said:

176
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"Did I not tell you, O my sons,"

177
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"That I know from Allah that He will return Yusuf to me,"

178
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"And reunite me with him?"

179
00:14:10,509 --> 00:14:14,789
"And you did not know of that what I knew."

180
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“They said: O our father! Ask forgiveness of our sins for us, for lo! we were sinful.” (12:97)

181
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“He said: I shall ask forgiveness for you of my Lord. Lo! He is the Forgiving, the Merciful.” (12:98)

182
00:14:28,919 --> 00:14:34,019
"Indeed, He is the Forgiving, the Merciful."

183
00:14:35,779 --> 00:14:37,139
The sons of Ya'qub said:

184
00:14:37,779 --> 00:14:40,980
"O our father, ask your Lord to forgive us,"

185
00:14:41,500 --> 00:14:43,460
"And cover our sins for us,"

186
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"So that He does not punish us for them on the Day of Resurrection."

187
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"Indeed, we were sinners in what we did to him."

188
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"For we have confessed our sins."

189
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Ya'qub said:

190
00:14:55,639 --> 00:15:02,000
"I will ask my Lord to forgive you the sins you committed against me and against Yusuf."

191
00:15:02,759 --> 00:15:06,240
"Indeed, my Lord is the Coverer of the sins of the repentant,"

192
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"The Merciful to them, that He would not punish them after their repentance from them."

193
00:15:13,190 --> 00:15:18,669
So when they entered upon Yusuf, he sheltered his parents with him,

194
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And said, "Enter Egypt, if Allah wills, in safety."

195
00:15:26,269 --> 00:15:32,190
“And he placed his parents on the dais and they fell down before him prostrate, and he said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of the prison and hath brought you from the desert after Satan had made strife between me and my brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will. He is the Knower, the Wise.” (12:100)

196
00:15:32,669 --> 00:15:38,190
“And he placed his parents on the dais and they fell down before him prostrate, and he said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of the prison and hath brought you from the desert after Satan had made strife between me and my brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will. He is the Knower, the Wise.” (12:100)

197
00:15:38,190 --> 00:15:41,269
“And he placed his parents on the dais and they fell down before him prostrate, and he said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of the prison and hath brought you from the desert after Satan had made strife between me and my brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will. He is the Knower, the Wise.” (12:100)

198
00:15:41,750 --> 00:15:45,789
“And he placed his parents on the dais and they fell down before him prostrate, and he said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of the prison and hath brought you from the desert after Satan had made strife between me and my brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will. He is the Knower, the Wise.” (12:100)

199
00:15:45,789 --> 00:15:50,149
“And he placed his parents on the dais and they fell down before him prostrate, and he said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of the prison and hath brought you from the desert after Satan had made strife between me and my brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will. He is the Knower, the Wise.” (12:100)

200
00:15:50,669 --> 00:15:54,429
“And he placed his parents on the dais and they fell down before him prostrate, and he said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of the prison and hath brought you from the desert after Satan had made strife between me and my brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will. He is the Knower, the Wise.” (12:100)

201
00:15:54,429 --> 00:16:00,629
“And he placed his parents on the dais and they fell down before him prostrate, and he said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of the prison and hath brought you from the desert after Satan had made strife between me and my brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will. He is the Knower, the Wise.” (12:100)

202
00:16:00,950 --> 00:16:13,250
"Indeed, my Lord is Subtle in what He wills; indeed, He is the All-Knowing, the Wise."

203
00:16:13,250 --> 00:16:19,049
So when Ya'qub, his sons, and their families entered upon Yusuf,

204
00:16:19,049 --> 00:16:21,129
He embraced his parents,

205
00:16:21,129 --> 00:16:25,250
And said to them, "Enter Egypt, if Allah wills,"

206
00:16:25,250 --> 00:16:30,769
"In safety from what you were in, in your desert, of drought and famine."

207
00:16:31,399 --> 00:16:34,000
And he raised his parents upon the throne,

208
00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:38,759
And Ya'qub, his sons, and his mother prostrated to Yusuf.

209
00:16:38,759 --> 00:16:43,200
And that was the greeting of kings in that time.

210
00:16:43,200 --> 00:16:45,529
Yusuf said to his father:

211
00:16:45,529 --> 00:16:51,850
"O my father, this prostration that you, my mother, and my brothers performed to me,"

212
00:16:51,850 --> 00:16:56,610
"Is the interpretation of the vision that I had seen."

213
00:16:56,649 --> 00:17:01,289
"My Lord has made it come true, for its interpretation has come to pass in truth."

214
00:17:01,289 --> 00:17:05,890
"And Allah has been good to me in bringing me out of prison,"

215
00:17:05,890 --> 00:17:08,690
"And in your coming from the desert,"

216
00:17:08,690 --> 00:17:13,049
"After Satan had corrupted what was between me and them."

217
00:17:13,049 --> 00:17:16,970
"Indeed, my Lord is full of subtlety and kindness in what He wills."

218
00:17:16,970 --> 00:17:21,369
"Indeed, He is the All-Knowing of the interests of His creation and other things,"

219
00:17:21,369 --> 00:17:25,930
"The Wise in His management."

220
00:17:25,930 --> 00:17:28,930
A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.