WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:14.140 --> 00:00:16.260 Surah al-Zukhruf. 00:00:18.350 --> 00:00:22.750 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.500 --> 00:00:30.460 “And when the son of Mary is quoted as an example, behold! the folk laugh out,” (43:57) 00:00:31.920 --> 00:00:36.799 When Allah likened ‘Isa (Jesus) in his creation and origin to Adam, 00:00:37.200 --> 00:00:40.679 He drew a parallel between them by stating that He created him from dust. 00:00:41.000 --> 00:00:44.479 Your people, O Muhammad, are agitated by this. 00:00:44.880 --> 00:00:50.799 They say, "Muhammad only wants us to take him as a god to be worshipped," 00:00:51.159 --> 00:00:53.640 just as the Christians worshipped the Messiah. 00:00:55.179 --> 00:00:59.539 “And say: Are our gods better, or is he? They raise not the objection save for argument. Nay! but they are a contentious folk.” (43:58) 00:00:59.859 --> 00:01:03.500 “And say: Are our gods better, or is he? They raise not the objection save for argument. Nay! but they are a contentious folk.” (43:58) 00:01:03.939 --> 00:01:07.140 “And say: Are our gods better, or is he? They raise not the objection save for argument. Nay! but they are a contentious folk.” (43:58) 00:01:07.540 --> 00:01:16.579 “He is nothing but a slave on whom We bestowed favour, and We made him a pattern for the Children of Israel.” (43:59) 00:01:17.900 --> 00:01:19.659 The polytheists of your people said, 00:01:20.219 --> 00:01:23.500 "O Muhammad, are our gods whom we worship better, 00:01:23.819 --> 00:01:26.579 or is Muhammad? Should we worship Muhammad?" 00:01:27.219 --> 00:01:30.099 They did not present this analogy to you, O Muhammad, 00:01:30.500 --> 00:01:32.620 nor did they say this to you, 00:01:32.980 --> 00:01:36.260 except out of argumentation and hostility to dispute with you. 00:01:36.939 --> 00:01:43.260 Your people, these polytheists, are not seeking the truth in their debating with you; 00:01:43.780 --> 00:01:47.219 rather, they are a people who seek conflict through falsehood. 00:01:47.859 --> 00:01:50.819 ‘Isa is but a servant among Our servants, 00:01:51.340 --> 00:01:54.219 whom We blessed with guidance and faith, 00:01:54.700 --> 00:01:59.540 and We made him a sign for the Children of Israel and a proof for Us against them. 00:02:01.239 --> 00:02:12.000 “And had We willed We could have set among you angels to be viceroys in the earth.” (43:60) 00:02:13.460 --> 00:02:16.939 If We willed, O company of the children of Adam, We would have destroyed you, 00:02:17.379 --> 00:02:23.500 and replaced you on earth with angels who would succeed you and worship Me. 00:02:24.729 --> 00:02:33.330 Indeed, he is a sign for the Hour, so have no doubt about it, and follow Me; 00:02:33.849 --> 00:02:37.810 this is a straight path. 00:02:38.370 --> 00:02:42.849 Do not let Satan hinder you; 00:02:43.370 --> 00:02:48.689 he is to you a clear enemy. 00:02:50.229 --> 00:02:54.590 The appearance of ‘Isa is a sign by which the coming of the Hour is known, 00:02:55.229 --> 00:02:58.509 because his descent is evidence of the end of the world. 00:02:59.150 --> 00:02:59.909 It has also been said: 00:03:00.550 --> 00:03:03.229 This Qur’an is a sign for the Hour, 00:03:03.750 --> 00:03:07.469 informing you of its arrival and warning you of its terrors. 00:03:07.909 --> 00:03:10.669 So do not doubt it, and obey Me. 00:03:11.270 --> 00:03:16.389 Following me, O people, in my command is the path that has no crookedness. 00:03:16.830 --> 00:03:19.750 Do not let Satan turn you away from my obedience. 00:03:20.389 --> 00:03:25.189 Satan is to you a clear enemy; he has made his enmity manifest to you. 00:03:26.770 --> 00:03:32.090 “When Jesus came with clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty), he said: I have come unto you with wisdom, and to make plain some of that concerning which ye differ. So keep your duty to Allah, and obey me.” (43:63) 00:03:32.090 --> 00:03:35.009 I have come to you with wisdom. 00:03:35.409 --> 00:03:38.969 “When Jesus came with clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty), he said: I have come unto you with wisdom, and to make plain some of that concerning which ye differ. So keep your duty to Allah, and obey me.” (43:63) 00:03:38.969 --> 00:03:44.490 “When Jesus came with clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty), he said: I have come unto you with wisdom, and to make plain some of that concerning which ye differ. So keep your duty to Allah, and obey me.” (43:63) 00:03:44.969 --> 00:03:47.889 So fear Allah and obey me. 00:03:49.259 --> 00:03:53.900 When ‘Isa came to the Children of Israel with clear proofs, 00:03:54.419 --> 00:03:57.340 he said, "I have come to you with prophethood, 00:03:57.860 --> 00:04:00.780 and to clarify for you, O company of the Children of Israel, 00:04:00.780 --> 00:04:04.379 some of that over which you differ regarding the rulings of the Torah. 00:04:04.979 --> 00:04:07.900 So fear your Lord, O people, by obeying Him, 00:04:08.379 --> 00:04:10.939 and obey me in what I have commanded you." 00:04:12.340 --> 00:04:18.569 “Lo! Allah, He is my Lord and your Lord. So worship Him. This is a right path.” (43:64) 00:04:19.009 --> 00:04:23.209 This is a straight path. 00:04:24.370 --> 00:04:28.569 Indeed, Allah—who alone deserves our exclusive worship— 00:04:29.050 --> 00:04:31.170 is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him all together. 00:04:31.610 --> 00:04:33.009 Worship Him alone. 00:04:33.610 --> 00:04:37.649 This which I have commanded you—to fear Allah and obey me— 00:04:38.129 --> 00:04:41.649 is the straight path, and no other is accepted. 00:04:43.110 --> 00:04:47.069 But the factions differed among themselves. 00:04:47.550 --> 00:04:54.149 “But the factions among them differed. Then woe unto those who do wrong from the doom of a painful day.” (43:65) 00:04:55.529 --> 00:04:58.170 The sects differed regarding ‘Isa ibn Maryam, 00:04:58.730 --> 00:05:00.730 namely the Jews and the Christians. 00:05:00.730 --> 00:05:03.490 And those among the Christians who differed regarding ‘Isa, 00:05:03.889 --> 00:05:06.449 for they were all divided into factions. 00:05:07.089 --> 00:05:12.610 The "Ghislin" (the discharge of pus and blood in Hell) is for those who disbelieved in Allah, 00:05:12.970 --> 00:05:14.970 in a painful day of torment. 00:05:16.420 --> 00:05:25.620 “Await they aught save the Hour, that it shall come upon them suddenly, when they know not?” (43:66) 00:05:27.089 --> 00:05:31.370 Are these factions who differ regarding ‘Isa ibn Maryam waiting for anything 00:05:31.970 --> 00:05:35.850 except the Hour, in which the Resurrection will occur suddenly, 00:05:36.050 --> 00:05:38.449 while they are unaware of its coming? 00:05:39.990 --> 00:05:50.149 Friends on that day will be enemies to one another, except for the righteous. 00:05:50.670 --> 00:05:58.750 “O My slaves! For you there is no fear this day, nor is it ye who grieve;” (43:68) 00:06:00.240 --> 00:06:04.839 Those who were friends on the Day of Resurrection based on disobedience to Allah in the world 00:06:05.319 --> 00:06:07.319 will be enemies to one another; 00:06:07.639 --> 00:06:09.639 they will disown one another. 00:06:10.240 --> 00:06:14.240 Except for those who were friends based on the fear of Allah, 00:06:14.759 --> 00:06:16.759 for Allah will say to them: 00:06:17.120 --> 00:06:20.920 "O My servants, no fear will be upon you this day from My punishment, 00:06:21.439 --> 00:06:23.959 for I have granted you security through My pleasure. 00:06:24.720 --> 00:06:27.800 Nor will you grieve over the parting of the world, 00:06:28.399 --> 00:06:31.600 for that which you have come to is better for you." 00:06:33.050 --> 00:06:39.209 “(Ye) who believed Our revelations and were self-surrendered,” (43:69) 00:06:39.649 --> 00:06:47.850 “Enter the Garden, ye and your wives, to be made glad.” (43:70) 00:06:49.379 --> 00:06:53.100 O My servants who believed in the Book of Allah and His messengers, 00:06:53.579 --> 00:06:56.740 and were people of submission to Allah in their hearts, 00:06:57.339 --> 00:07:01.259 enter Paradise, you and your spouses, O believers, 00:07:01.779 --> 00:07:04.819 rejoicing and delighted by the honor of Allah. 00:07:06.180 --> 00:07:14.620 “Therein are brought round for them trays of gold and goblets, and therein is all that souls desire and eyes find sweet. And ye are immortal therein.” (43:71) 00:07:15.180 --> 00:07:21.220 “Therein are brought round for them trays of gold and goblets, and therein is all that souls desire and eyes find sweet. And ye are immortal therein.” (43:71) 00:07:21.740 --> 00:07:26.860 And you will abide therein forever. 00:07:28.589 --> 00:07:32.069 There will be circulated among those who believed in His signs 00:07:32.589 --> 00:07:34.949 food in plates of gold, 00:07:35.509 --> 00:07:38.110 and drink in cups of gold. 00:07:38.670 --> 00:07:42.790 And you will have in Paradise whatever your souls desire, O believers, 00:07:42.790 --> 00:07:46.910 and whatever delights your eyes, and you will abide therein forever. 00:07:48.279 --> 00:07:55.920 And that is the Paradise which you have been made to inherit for what you used to do. 00:07:56.399 --> 00:08:04.120 “Therein for you is fruit in plenty whence to eat.” (43:73) 00:08:05.629 --> 00:08:09.709 This is the Paradise which Allah has caused you to inherit from the people of Hell, 00:08:10.149 --> 00:08:13.230 because of the good deeds you used to perform in the world. 00:08:13.910 --> 00:08:17.509 You will have therein abundant fruit of every kind; 00:08:17.990 --> 00:08:20.230 you will eat from it whatever you desire. 00:08:21.949 --> 00:08:28.949 “Lo! the guilty are immortal in hell's torment.” (43:74) 00:08:29.589 --> 00:08:34.389 “It is not relaxed for them, and they despair therein.” (43:75) 00:08:34.950 --> 00:08:41.389 “We wronged them not, but they it was who did the wrong.” (43:76) 00:08:42.840 --> 00:08:46.000 Indeed, the criminals who committed disbelief in Allah 00:08:46.360 --> 00:08:48.720 will abide in the torment of Hell. 00:08:49.360 --> 00:08:51.279 The torment will not be lightened for them, 00:08:51.919 --> 00:08:55.320 and they will be in the torment of Hell, despairing of salvation. 00:08:56.080 --> 00:08:58.600 We did not wrong these criminals, 00:08:59.159 --> 00:09:04.480 but they were the ones who wronged themselves by their disbelief in Allah and their denial of His oneness. 00:09:06.149 --> 00:09:11.110 They will call out, "O Malik, let your Lord put an end to us!" 00:09:11.830 --> 00:09:17.269 He will say, "Indeed, you will remain." 00:09:18.879 --> 00:09:23.360 These criminals will call out after Allah has cast them into Hell; 00:09:24.080 --> 00:09:26.759 they will say, "O Malik, let your Lord cause us to die." 00:09:27.679 --> 00:09:32.200 It is mentioned that Malik will not answer them at the time they speak to him, 00:09:32.960 --> 00:09:34.519 and he will leave them for a thousand years, 00:09:35.120 --> 00:09:39.600 then he will answer them, saying, "Indeed, you will remain." 00:09:41.169 --> 00:09:44.210 We have certainly brought you the truth. 00:09:44.409 --> 00:09:49.730 “We verily brought the Truth unto you, but ye were, most of you, averse to the Truth.” (43:78) 00:09:51.340 --> 00:09:55.019 We have sent to you Our messenger, Muhammad, with the truth, 00:09:55.659 --> 00:10:02.460 but most of you are averse to the truth that Muhammad (peace be upon him) brought. 00:10:03.899 --> 00:10:09.700 “Or do they determine any thing (against the Prophet)? Lo! We (also) are determining.” (43:79) 00:10:10.259 --> 00:10:16.379 Or do they think that We do not hear their secrets and their private conversations? 00:10:17.059 --> 00:10:22.659 “Or deem they that We cannot hear their secret thoughts and private confidences? Nay, but Our envoys, present with them, do record.” (43:80) 00:10:24.370 --> 00:10:28.769 Or have these polytheists of Quraysh devised a plan? We are indeed devising, 00:10:29.289 --> 00:10:32.169 plotting against the truth We brought them. 00:10:32.730 --> 00:10:35.529 We will surely devise for them that which will disgrace them. 00:10:36.210 --> 00:10:42.250 Or do these polytheists think that We do not hear what they conceal from people of their speech, 00:10:42.690 --> 00:10:46.409 and what they consult and whisper about among themselves to the exclusion of others, 00:10:46.929 --> 00:10:50.090 and that We will not punish them for it because it is hidden from Us? 00:10:50.769 --> 00:10:53.049 Rather, We know what they whisper about, 00:10:53.570 --> 00:10:58.169 and Our messengers (angels) are with them, recording what they utter. 00:11:02.940 --> 00:11:08.730 Say, O Muhammad, "If the Most Gracious had a son, I would be the first of the worshippers." 00:11:09.210 --> 00:11:11.210 But He has no son. 00:11:11.769 --> 00:11:14.649 So I worship Him because He has no son, 00:11:15.129 --> 00:11:17.129 and it is not fitting that He should have one. 00:11:17.850 --> 00:11:24.809 “Glorified be the Lord of the heavens and the earth, the Lord of the Throne, from that which they ascribe (unto Him)!” (43:82) 00:11:25.529 --> 00:11:31.529 “Glorified be the Lord of the heavens and the earth, the Lord of the Throne, from that which they ascribe (unto Him)!” (43:82) 00:11:32.250 --> 00:11:36.100 Exalting the Lord of the heavens and the earth, 00:11:36.580 --> 00:11:39.779 and the Lord of the Throne, who encompasses all of that, 00:11:40.259 --> 00:11:43.299 above what the polytheists describe of lies, 00:11:43.779 --> 00:11:47.940 and attribute to Him of a son and other things 00:11:48.259 --> 00:11:50.899 that are not fitting to be attributed to Him. 00:11:51.460 --> 00:12:00.230 So leave them to indulge and play until they meet their day which they are promised. 00:12:00.309 --> 00:12:07.879 So leave, O Muhammad, these fabricators against Allah to indulge in their falsehood and play in their worldly life, 00:12:08.360 --> 00:12:11.399 until they meet their day which they are promised, 00:12:11.879 --> 00:12:13.879 which is the Day of Resurrection. 00:12:14.360 --> 00:12:21.879 “And He it is Who in the heaven is Allah, and in the earth Allah. He is the Wise, the Knower.” (43:84) 00:12:22.279 --> 00:12:26.279 And He is the All-Wise, the All-Knowing. 00:12:26.279 --> 00:12:32.980 Allah is the One who possesses divinity; He is worshipped in heaven and worshipped on earth. 00:12:33.299 --> 00:12:36.500 So dedicate worship exclusively to the One who has this attribute. 00:12:36.980 --> 00:12:41.700 He is the Wise in the management of His creation, the All-Knowing of their interests. 00:12:42.179 --> 00:12:52.149 “And blessed be He unto Whom belongeth the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, and with Whom is knowledge of the Hour, and unto Whom ye will be returned.” (43:85) 00:12:52.710 --> 00:13:01.669 “And blessed be He unto Whom belongeth the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, and with Whom is knowledge of the Hour, and unto Whom ye will be returned.” (43:85) 00:13:02.950 --> 00:13:10.549 Blessed is He to whom belongs the dominion of the seven heavens and the earth and everything between them. 00:13:11.029 --> 00:13:14.950 With Him is the knowledge of the Hour in which the Resurrection will occur, 00:13:15.429 --> 00:13:19.350 and to Him, O people, you will be returned after your death, 00:13:19.750 --> 00:13:24.070 so He will reward the doer of good for his good and the doer of evil for his evil. 00:13:25.370 --> 00:13:35.289 “And those unto whom they cry instead of Him possess no power of intercession, saving him who beareth witness unto the Truth knowingly.” (43:86) 00:13:35.769 --> 00:13:41.370 “And those unto whom they cry instead of Him possess no power of intercession, saving him who beareth witness unto the Truth knowingly.” (43:86) 00:13:42.889 --> 00:13:48.970 Those whom the polytheists worship besides Allah do not possess the power of intercession with Him for anyone, 00:13:49.450 --> 00:13:53.370 except those who testified to the truth by acknowledging the oneness of Allah. 00:13:54.039 --> 00:13:57.240 These are the ones who testify to the truth, 00:13:57.720 --> 00:14:03.399 with knowledge and certainty that they possess the power of intercession by His permission. 00:14:04.820 --> 00:14:16.899 And if you ask them who created them, they will surely say, "Allah." So how are they deluded? 00:14:18.220 --> 00:14:22.700 If you ask, O Muhammad, these polytheists who created them, 00:14:23.259 --> 00:14:29.899 they will surely say, "Allah created us." So how are they turned away from the worship of the One who created them? 00:14:31.299 --> 00:14:40.019 “And he saith: O my Lord! Lo! these are a folk who believe not.” (43:88) 00:14:41.139 --> 00:14:48.580 And Muhammad said, "O Lord, these are a people who do not believe, whom You have commanded me to warn." 00:14:50.009 --> 00:14:59.850 “Then bear with them (O Muhammad) and say: Peace. But they will come to know.” (43:89) 00:15:01.179 --> 00:15:05.899 So turn away from them, O Muhammad, and say, "Peace." 00:15:06.539 --> 00:15:12.379 For they will soon come to know what they will encounter of affliction, punishment, and torment for their disbelief.