WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 *Riyad al-Salihin* (The Meadows of the Righteous) from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:14.089 Chapter on Patience. 00:00:14.089 --> 00:00:18.370 On the authority of Mu'adh ibn Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:00:18.370 --> 00:00:22.370 the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:00:22.370 --> 00:00:27.429 "Whoever suppresses his rage while being able to unleash it, 00:00:27.429 --> 00:00:33.429 Allah, Glorified and Exalted be He, will summon him before all creation on the Day of Resurrection 00:00:33.429 --> 00:00:38.460 so that He may let him choose whomsoever he wishes from the maidens of Paradise (*al-hur al-'in*)." 00:00:38.460 --> 00:00:41.460 Related by Abu Dawud and al-Tirmidhi. 00:00:41.460 --> 00:00:48.299 "Suppresses his rage" means swallowing his wrath, bearing its cause, and remaining patient through it. 00:00:48.299 --> 00:00:52.609 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:00:52.609 --> 00:00:57.609 Encouragement to suppress rage, as it is among the characteristics of the most complete believers, 00:00:57.609 --> 00:00:59.609 in accordance with the saying of the Exalted: 00:00:59.609 --> 00:01:03.609 "And those who suppress anger and pardon people, 00:01:03.609 --> 00:01:06.670 and Allah loves the doers of good." 00:01:06.670 --> 00:01:11.829 Forgiveness is truly acknowledged when one possesses the power to retaliate. 00:01:11.829 --> 00:01:14.829 Strength of will and strength of character 00:01:14.829 --> 00:01:19.829 are demonstrated in critical situations that provoke anger and agitation, 00:01:19.829 --> 00:01:25.859 where a person reins in his anger and suppresses his rage. 00:01:25.859 --> 00:01:28.859 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:01:28.859 --> 00:01:33.859 a man said to the Prophet, peace be upon him: "Counsel me." 00:01:33.859 --> 00:01:36.859 He said: "Do not get angry." 00:01:36.859 --> 00:01:38.859 The man repeated his request several times, 00:01:38.859 --> 00:01:41.859 and he said: "Do not get angry." 00:01:41.859 --> 00:01:45.230 Related by al-Bukhari. 00:01:45.230 --> 00:01:47.459 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:01:47.459 --> 00:01:51.459 Offering counsel and imparting it to whoever asks for it; 00:01:51.459 --> 00:01:54.519 rather, it is an obligation due from a Muslim to his brother. 00:01:54.519 --> 00:01:58.519 Repeating the advice holds great benefit for the one being advised, 00:01:58.519 --> 00:02:00.519 for repetition reinforces understanding. 00:02:00.519 --> 00:02:04.709 The immense harm of anger and what results from it, 00:02:04.709 --> 00:02:06.709 and that it never brings any good, 00:02:06.709 --> 00:02:08.710 unless it is solely for the sake of Allah. 00:02:08.710 --> 00:02:12.810 The condemnation of anger and of approaching its triggers, 00:02:12.810 --> 00:02:15.840 because avoiding it encompasses all goodness. 00:02:15.840 --> 00:02:19.840 Blameworthy anger is that which is aroused by worldly matters, 00:02:19.840 --> 00:02:21.840 whereas praiseworthy anger 00:02:21.840 --> 00:02:24.840 is that which is for the sake of Allah and the vindication of His religion. 00:02:24.840 --> 00:02:27.840 And he, peace and blessings be upon him, 00:02:27.840 --> 00:02:31.870 would never become angry unless the sanctities of Allah were violated. 00:02:31.870 --> 00:02:34.870 Whoever falls into anger ought 00:02:34.870 --> 00:02:37.870 to repel it through several means, including: 00:02:37.870 --> 00:02:40.870 seeking refuge in Allah from the accursed Satan, 00:02:40.870 --> 00:02:42.870 remaining silent, 00:02:42.870 --> 00:02:45.870 for the Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 00:02:45.870 --> 00:02:48.870 "When one of you becomes angry, let him remain silent," 00:02:48.870 --> 00:02:51.870 and sitting down if he is standing, 00:02:51.870 --> 00:02:54.870 and lying down if he is sitting; 00:02:54.870 --> 00:02:57.870 for the Prophet, peace be upon him, said: 00:02:57.870 --> 00:03:00.870 "When one of you becomes angry while standing, 00:03:00.870 --> 00:03:02.870 let him sit down; 00:03:02.870 --> 00:03:04.870 if his anger departs, well and good, 00:03:04.870 --> 00:03:06.870 otherwise let him lie down." 00:03:06.870 --> 00:03:09.870 He should also perform ablution (*wudu'*). 00:03:09.870 --> 00:03:15.219 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: 00:03:15.219 --> 00:03:19.219 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:03:19.219 --> 00:03:22.219 "Affliction will not cease to befall a believing man and a believing woman 00:03:22.219 --> 00:03:25.219 in their persons, their children, and their wealth, 00:03:25.219 --> 00:03:29.219 until they meet Allah Almighty with no sin remaining upon them." 00:03:29.219 --> 00:03:33.050 Related by al-Tirmidhi. 00:03:33.050 --> 00:03:35.050 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:03:35.050 --> 00:03:39.110 The believer is subject to testing through various kinds of tribulations. 00:03:39.110 --> 00:03:42.340 Glad tidings for the afflicted believer, 00:03:42.340 --> 00:03:44.340 as the Exalted says: 00:03:44.340 --> 00:03:48.340 "And We will surely test you with something of fear and hunger..." 00:03:48.340 --> 00:03:52.340 “And surely We shall try you with something of fear and hunger, and loss of wealth and lives and crops; but give glad tidings to the steadfast,” (2:155) 00:03:52.340 --> 00:03:55.340 "And give glad tidings to the patient." 00:03:55.340 --> 00:03:57.590 Tribulation expiates sins, 00:03:57.590 --> 00:04:00.590 provided the servant is content and does not harbor resentment. 00:04:00.590 --> 00:04:03.750 It is from the mercy of Allah toward His believing servants 00:04:03.750 --> 00:04:06.750 that He expiates their sins in this worldly life 00:04:06.750 --> 00:04:10.750 through worldly adversities and afflictions. 00:04:10.750 --> 00:04:15.550 On the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with both of them, who said: 00:04:15.550 --> 00:04:17.550 'Uyaynah ibn Hisn arrived 00:04:17.550 --> 00:04:20.550 and stayed with his nephew, al-Hurr ibn Qays, 00:04:20.550 --> 00:04:25.550 who was among the group whom 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, kept close to himself. 00:04:25.550 --> 00:04:31.550 The Qur'an reciters (*qurra'*) were the members of 'Umar's council and his consultative assembly, 00:04:31.550 --> 00:04:34.550 whether they were middle-aged or youths. 00:04:34.550 --> 00:04:36.550 'Uyaynah said to his nephew: 00:04:36.550 --> 00:04:38.550 "O my nephew! 00:04:38.550 --> 00:04:41.550 You have standing with this leader, 00:04:41.550 --> 00:04:43.550 so request permission for me to enter upon him." 00:04:43.550 --> 00:04:44.550 He sought permission, 00:04:44.550 --> 00:04:46.550 and 'Umar granted him leave. 00:04:46.550 --> 00:04:48.550 When he entered, 00:04:48.550 --> 00:04:49.550 he said: 00:04:49.550 --> 00:04:51.550 "Woe to you, O Ibn al-Khattab! 00:04:51.550 --> 00:04:54.550 By Allah, you do not give us abundantly, 00:04:54.550 --> 00:04:56.550 nor do you judge between us with justice!" 00:04:56.550 --> 00:04:59.550 Thereupon 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, became so enraged 00:04:59.550 --> 00:05:01.550 that he was on the verge of striking him. 00:05:01.550 --> 00:05:03.550 But al-Hurr said to him: 00:05:03.550 --> 00:05:05.550 "O Commander of the Believers! 00:05:05.550 --> 00:05:07.550 Indeed, Allah Almighty 00:05:07.550 --> 00:05:10.550 said to His Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: 00:05:10.550 --> 00:05:12.550 'Show forgiveness, 00:05:12.550 --> 00:05:13.550 enjoin what is right, 00:05:13.550 --> 00:05:16.550 and turn away from the ignorant.' 00:05:16.550 --> 00:05:19.550 And this man is indeed among the ignorant!" 00:05:19.550 --> 00:05:23.550 By Allah, 'Umar did not transgress it once he recited it, 00:05:23.550 --> 00:05:27.550 for he was ever halting at the Book of Allah Almighty. 00:05:27.550 --> 00:05:29.709 Related by al-Bukhari. 00:05:29.709 --> 00:05:32.990 "The reciters" (*al-Qurra'*): 00:05:32.990 --> 00:05:34.990 that is, the scholars devoted to worship. 00:05:34.990 --> 00:05:37.019 "The members of 'Umar's council": 00:05:37.019 --> 00:05:40.019 that is, those who constantly attended his assembly. 00:05:40.019 --> 00:05:41.120 "Middle-aged" (*kuhul*): 00:05:41.120 --> 00:05:42.120 *kuhul* 00:05:42.120 --> 00:05:45.120 refers to those who have surpassed thirty years of age. 00:05:45.120 --> 00:05:47.149 "You have standing" (*wajh*): 00:05:47.149 --> 00:05:49.149 that is, you possess prestige and high status. 00:05:49.149 --> 00:05:51.149 "Abundantly" (*al-jazl*): 00:05:51.149 --> 00:05:53.149 that is, ample provisions and gifts. 00:05:53.149 --> 00:05:54.180 "What is right" (*al-'urf*): 00:05:54.180 --> 00:05:56.180 that is, good deeds and virtue (*al-ma'ruf*). 00:05:56.180 --> 00:05:58.310 "Turn away from the ignorant": 00:05:58.310 --> 00:06:01.310 that is, do not counter their foolishness with the like. 00:06:01.310 --> 00:06:04.439 "Ever halting at the Book of Allah": 00:06:04.439 --> 00:06:08.439 that is, strictly adhering to its rulings and never exceeding them. 00:06:10.589 --> 00:06:12.620 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:06:12.620 --> 00:06:15.620 The high status of the people of the Qur'an and its bearers, 00:06:15.620 --> 00:06:18.620 namely the scholars who act according to its rulings. 00:06:18.620 --> 00:06:20.689 Guidance for the ruler 00:06:20.689 --> 00:06:23.689 to take for himself an inner circle of scholars, 00:06:23.689 --> 00:06:26.750 sitting in their company and seeking their counsel. 00:06:26.750 --> 00:06:29.750 The opinion of the scholars is never born of whim, 00:06:29.750 --> 00:06:31.750 nor of self-interest; 00:06:31.750 --> 00:06:34.750 rather, it is for the vindication of Allah and His Messenger. 00:06:34.750 --> 00:06:37.750 For the truth is dearer to them than their own selves, 00:06:37.750 --> 00:06:40.750 their fathers, their sons, and their kinsfolk. 00:06:41.939 --> 00:06:44.939 The merit of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:06:44.939 --> 00:06:47.939 in that he strictly adhered to the limits set by Allah, 00:06:47.939 --> 00:06:49.939 fully compliant with His commands, 00:06:49.939 --> 00:06:52.939 neither exceeding them nor transgressing them. 00:06:54.040 --> 00:06:57.040 The wisdom of the scholar in admonishing his leader. 00:06:57.040 --> 00:07:00.170 The recommendation that a ruler show patience toward his subjects 00:07:00.170 --> 00:07:03.300 and maintain earnest concern for their best interests. 00:07:03.300 --> 00:07:05.300 It is incumbent upon every official and leader 00:07:05.300 --> 00:07:09.300 not to hesitate in returning to the truth and what is correct, 00:07:09.300 --> 00:07:12.300 for returning to the truth is a virtue. 00:07:12.300 --> 00:07:16.800 On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:07:16.800 --> 00:07:20.800 the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:07:20.800 --> 00:07:25.860 "Indeed, after me there will be favoritism and matters you will disapprove of." 00:07:25.860 --> 00:07:28.860 They said: "O Messenger of Allah, 00:07:28.860 --> 00:07:30.860 what do you command us to do?" 00:07:30.860 --> 00:07:31.860 He said: 00:07:31.860 --> 00:07:34.860 "Fulfill the right incumbent upon you, 00:07:34.860 --> 00:07:37.860 and ask Allah for what is rightfully yours." 00:07:37.860 --> 00:07:39.860 Agreed upon. 00:07:39.860 --> 00:07:40.959 "Favoritism" (*atharah*): 00:07:40.959 --> 00:07:44.959 monopolizing a matter to the exclusion of others who have a rightful claim to it. 00:07:44.959 --> 00:07:49.209 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:07:49.209 --> 00:07:51.269 Bearing divine decree with patience, 00:07:51.269 --> 00:07:54.269 and accepting predestination, both its sweet and its bitter, 00:07:54.269 --> 00:07:56.269 its good and its adversity. 00:07:56.269 --> 00:07:58.459 The exhortation to hear and obey, 00:07:58.459 --> 00:08:02.459 even if the ruler is unjust and tyrannical; 00:08:02.459 --> 00:08:04.459 he is to be accorded his right of obedience, 00:08:04.459 --> 00:08:07.459 and must not be rebelled against or deposed; 00:08:07.459 --> 00:08:11.459 rather, one should beseech Allah Almighty to restrain his harm, 00:08:11.459 --> 00:08:13.459 avert his evil, and rectify his condition. 00:08:13.459 --> 00:08:18.720 The hadith is among the proofs of his Prophethood, peace and blessings be upon him, 00:08:18.720 --> 00:08:22.720 as he foretold what would occur within his Ummah. 00:08:22.720 --> 00:08:25.879 The permissibility of informing a person who will be tested 00:08:25.879 --> 00:08:28.879 of the trials expected to befall him, 00:08:28.879 --> 00:08:31.879 so that he may prepare his soul when what was promised comes to pass. 00:08:31.879 --> 00:08:34.940 Clinging firmly to the Book and the Sunnah 00:08:34.940 --> 00:08:37.940 is a deliverance from discord and disagreement, 00:08:37.940 --> 00:08:39.940 and a light by which you see truth as truth 00:08:39.940 --> 00:08:41.940 and falsehood as falsehood. 00:08:41.940 --> 00:08:46.070 Exhortation to preserve the unity of the Muslim community, 00:08:46.070 --> 00:08:50.070 for warding off harm takes precedence over procuring benefit. 00:08:50.070 --> 00:08:56.159 On the authority of Abu Yahya Usayd ibn Hudayr, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:08:56.159 --> 00:08:59.159 a man from the Ansar said: 00:08:59.159 --> 00:09:01.159 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:09:01.159 --> 00:09:05.159 will you not appoint me as you have appointed so-and-so?" 00:09:05.159 --> 00:09:09.190 He replied: "Indeed, you will encounter favoritism after me, 00:09:09.190 --> 00:09:13.190 so be patient until you meet me at the Basin (*al-Hawd*)." 00:09:13.190 --> 00:09:17.120 Agreed upon. 00:09:17.120 --> 00:09:21.179 "Appoint me" means assign me as an administrative official. 00:09:21.179 --> 00:09:27.179 "The Basin" refers to the Basin of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, on the Day of Resurrection. 00:09:27.179 --> 00:09:31.080 Among the benefits of this hadith: 00:09:31.080 --> 00:09:34.080 It is impermissible to seek positions of authority and governance, 00:09:34.080 --> 00:09:37.370 and whoever asks for them should not be granted them. 00:09:37.370 --> 00:09:40.370 His saying, peace and blessings be upon him, 00:09:40.370 --> 00:09:43.370 "You will see favoritism after me," indicates 00:09:43.370 --> 00:09:46.370 that monopolizing worldly spoils 00:09:46.370 --> 00:09:49.370 would only take place after his lifetime, peace be upon him, 00:09:49.370 --> 00:09:52.370 and would not happen during his era. 00:09:52.370 --> 00:09:57.690 Bearing the injustice of a ruler with patience when he monopolizes worldly wealth. 00:09:57.690 --> 00:10:00.690 It contains an affirmation of the virtue of the Ansar, 00:10:00.690 --> 00:10:06.690 and that they are among those who will come to drink at the Basin of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. 00:10:06.690 --> 00:10:13.649 On the authority of Abu Ibrahim 'Abdullah ibn Abi Awfa, may Allah be pleased with both of them, 00:10:13.649 --> 00:10:16.649 the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:10:16.649 --> 00:10:20.649 on one of the days when he encountered the enemy, 00:10:20.649 --> 00:10:24.649 waited until the sun had declined, 00:10:24.649 --> 00:10:26.649 then stood before them and said: 00:10:26.649 --> 00:10:28.649 "O people, 00:10:28.649 --> 00:10:31.649 do not wish to encounter the enemy, 00:10:31.649 --> 00:10:33.649 and ask Allah for well-being (*'afiyah*); 00:10:33.649 --> 00:10:36.649 "So when you meet them in battle, be steadfast, 00:10:36.649 --> 00:10:40.649 and know that Paradise lies beneath the shades of swords." 00:10:40.649 --> 00:10:44.779 Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) prayed: 00:10:44.779 --> 00:10:47.779 "O Allah, Revealer of the Book, 00:10:47.779 --> 00:10:49.779 Driver of the clouds, 00:10:49.779 --> 00:10:51.779 and Defeater of the confederates, 00:10:51.779 --> 00:10:54.779 defeat them and grant us victory over them!" 00:10:54.779 --> 00:10:56.779 It is agreed upon. 00:10:56.779 --> 00:10:59.769 "During one of his days"— 00:10:59.769 --> 00:11:02.769 that is, during one of his military expeditions and battles. 00:11:02.769 --> 00:11:03.799 "He waited"— 00:11:03.799 --> 00:11:05.799 meaning he delayed engaging them in combat. 00:11:05.799 --> 00:11:07.899 "The sun declined"— 00:11:07.899 --> 00:11:11.899 meaning it tilted from the zenith toward the west, 00:11:11.899 --> 00:11:13.899 which is the time past midday. 00:11:13.899 --> 00:11:15.899 "The confederates (al-Ahzab)"— 00:11:15.899 --> 00:11:21.899 meaning the disbelievers who allied against the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). 00:11:21.899 --> 00:11:25.730 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 00:11:25.730 --> 00:11:27.789 Preparing for jihad, 00:11:27.789 --> 00:11:29.789 which includes building military strength, 00:11:29.789 --> 00:11:31.789 marching out to confront the enemy, 00:11:31.789 --> 00:11:34.789 and turning to Allah Almighty in supplication 00:11:34.789 --> 00:11:38.789 after abandoning sins and turning in sincere repentance; 00:11:38.789 --> 00:11:42.919 The recommendation of supplicating during distress and hardship, 00:11:42.919 --> 00:11:45.919 especially when the battle lines clash, 00:11:45.919 --> 00:11:49.919 for that is indeed a moment when supplications are answered; 00:11:49.919 --> 00:11:53.080 The mercy of the Prophet (peace be upon him) 00:11:53.080 --> 00:11:55.080 toward his Companions and his Ummah; 00:11:56.179 --> 00:12:00.179 Not relying solely on material strength, 00:12:00.179 --> 00:12:03.399 while never abandoning caution, vigilance, and resolve; 00:12:03.399 --> 00:12:06.399 Exercising patience and steadfastness upon confronting the enemy, 00:12:06.399 --> 00:12:09.460 which is the most vital element of firmness in jihad; 00:12:09.460 --> 00:12:12.460 Advising those who fight in the cause of Allah 00:12:12.460 --> 00:12:14.460 with that which ensures their righteousness and success, 00:12:14.460 --> 00:12:17.460 and teaching them what they need to know; 00:12:17.460 --> 00:12:21.620 The recommendation of beseeching Allah through His supreme attributes 00:12:21.620 --> 00:12:23.620 and His most beautiful names; 00:12:23.620 --> 00:12:26.879 The prohibition of wishing to meet the enemy; 00:12:26.879 --> 00:12:30.710 Riyad al-Salihin.