WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 *Riyad al-Salihin* (The Meadows of the Righteous) from the Words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:16.519 Chapter on Hope. 00:00:16.519 --> 00:00:22.519 On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:00:22.519 --> 00:00:29.550 "Indeed, when a disbeliever performs a good deed, he is given a provision for it in this world. 00:00:29.550 --> 00:00:36.549 As for the believer, Allah Almighty stores up his good deeds for him in the Hereafter 00:00:36.549 --> 00:00:40.740 and grants him provision in this world in return for his obedience." 00:00:40.740 --> 00:00:45.740 And in another narration: "Indeed, Allah does not wrong a believer regarding a single good deed; 00:00:45.740 --> 00:00:50.740 he is granted reward for it in this world and recompensed for it in the Hereafter. 00:00:50.740 --> 00:00:57.740 But as for the disbeliever, he is fed in this world for whatever good deeds he did for the sake of Allah Almighty, 00:00:57.740 --> 00:01:03.869 until, when he arrives in the Hereafter, he has no good deed left to be recompensed for." 00:01:03.869 --> 00:01:05.870 Related by Muslim. 00:01:05.870 --> 00:01:13.859 "He follows it up for him" (*yu'qibuhu*) means He gives him; and "arrives" (*afda*) means he proceeds to the Hereafter. 00:01:13.859 --> 00:01:17.700 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:01:17.700 --> 00:01:20.700 An affirmation of the justice of Allah Almighty toward His servants, 00:01:20.700 --> 00:01:25.700 namely that He gives them their rewards in full, even the wicked disbelievers. 00:01:25.700 --> 00:01:30.109 A disbeliever is recompensed for his good deeds in this world, 00:01:30.109 --> 00:01:35.109 either through an increase in wealth or by having an affliction averted from him, 00:01:35.109 --> 00:01:38.109 but he has no share in the Hereafter, 00:01:38.109 --> 00:01:41.109 because disbelief nullifies the reward in the Hereafter. 00:01:41.109 --> 00:01:47.109 As for the believer, he is recompensed for it both in this world and in the Hereafter. 00:01:47.109 --> 00:01:52.420 On the authority of Jabir (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:01:52.420 --> 00:01:55.420 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:01:56.420 --> 00:01:58.420 "The parable of the five daily prayers 00:01:58.420 --> 00:02:03.420 is like that of an abundant, flowing river at the door of one of you, 00:02:03.420 --> 00:02:07.420 in which he bathes five times every day." 00:02:07.420 --> 00:02:09.419 Related by Muslim. 00:02:09.419 --> 00:02:13.580 *Al-ghamr* means abundant. 00:02:13.580 --> 00:02:15.580 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:02:15.580 --> 00:02:18.580 Prayer expiates sins, 00:02:18.580 --> 00:02:22.900 just as water removes filth from bodies. 00:02:22.900 --> 00:02:25.900 Those who pray ought not to become complacent, 00:02:25.900 --> 00:02:30.900 for this merit is earned only by one who prays as commanded, 00:02:30.900 --> 00:02:35.900 establishing its pillars, fulfilling its obligations, and showing humility therein. 00:02:35.900 --> 00:02:41.340 It is recommended to use similes and strike parables for explanation and clarification. 00:02:41.340 --> 00:02:47.389 On the authority of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said: 00:02:47.389 --> 00:02:52.389 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: 00:02:52.389 --> 00:02:55.419 "There is no Muslim man who dies 00:02:55.419 --> 00:03:01.419 and forty men who associate nothing with Allah stand in prayer over his bier, 00:03:01.419 --> 00:03:04.419 except that Allah accepts their intercession on his behalf." 00:03:04.419 --> 00:03:07.520 Related by Muslim. 00:03:07.520 --> 00:03:11.259 "Stand over his bier" 00:03:11.259 --> 00:03:13.259 means perform the funeral prayer over him. 00:03:13.259 --> 00:03:16.439 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:03:16.439 --> 00:03:19.539 The affirmation of intercession for the believers, 00:03:19.539 --> 00:03:22.539 provided the deceased is among those eligible for intercession. 00:03:22.539 --> 00:03:24.539 And their intercession on his behalf 00:03:24.539 --> 00:03:26.539 is that Allah forgive him. 00:03:26.539 --> 00:03:30.979 Encouragement to gather a large congregation for the funeral prayer, 00:03:30.979 --> 00:03:35.979 in hope that the deceased will obtain forgiveness by the grace of Allah Almighty. 00:03:35.979 --> 00:03:40.370 An affirmation of the virtue of Tawhid (monotheism) and disavowal of polytheism, 00:03:40.370 --> 00:03:43.370 for a condition was stipulated regarding those standing in prayer over the bier, 00:03:43.370 --> 00:03:47.370 which is that they associate nothing with Allah. 00:03:47.370 --> 00:03:52.680 On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:03:52.680 --> 00:03:57.680 We were with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, in a domed tent, 00:03:57.680 --> 00:03:59.680 being about forty people, 00:03:59.680 --> 00:04:04.680 and he said: "Would you be pleased to be a fourth of the people of Paradise?" 00:04:04.680 --> 00:04:06.680 We said, "Yes." 00:04:06.680 --> 00:04:11.680 He said: "Would you be pleased to be a third of the people of Paradise?" 00:04:11.680 --> 00:04:13.680 We said, "Yes." 00:04:13.680 --> 00:04:17.680 He said: "By the One in Whose hand is the soul of Muhammad, 00:04:17.680 --> 00:04:21.680 I truly hope that you will be half of the people of Paradise. 00:04:21.680 --> 00:04:26.709 That is because none shall enter Paradise except a Muslim soul, 00:04:26.709 --> 00:04:33.709 and you, compared to the people of polytheism, are only like a white hair on the hide of a black bull, 00:04:33.709 --> 00:04:38.709 or like a black hair on the hide of a red bull." 00:04:38.709 --> 00:04:40.709 Agreed upon. 00:04:40.709 --> 00:04:44.579 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:04:44.579 --> 00:04:49.740 The permissibility of gradual disclosure and repeating glad tidings stage by stage, 00:04:49.740 --> 00:04:53.740 so that it is more conducive to renewing gratitude time after time. 00:04:55.149 --> 00:04:59.149 The Muslims from the Ummah of Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:04:59.149 --> 00:05:01.149 constitute the majority of the inhabitants of Paradise, 00:05:01.149 --> 00:05:05.149 and this is proof of the high standing of this Ummah. 00:05:05.149 --> 00:05:10.629 None shall enter Paradise except a believing Muslim soul. 00:05:10.629 --> 00:05:14.980 The small proportion of the people of faith relative to the people of disbelief, 00:05:14.980 --> 00:05:18.980 because the majority of mankind are disbelievers in this world. 00:05:18.980 --> 00:05:22.370 The permissibility of swearing an oath without being asked to swear, 00:05:22.370 --> 00:05:25.370 in order to emphasize the speech by taking an oath. 00:05:25.370 --> 00:05:30.750 The recommendation of striking parables to facilitate understanding for the listeners. 00:05:30.750 --> 00:05:36.899 On the authority of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:05:36.899 --> 00:05:40.939 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:05:40.939 --> 00:05:43.939 "When the Day of Resurrection comes, 00:05:43.939 --> 00:05:48.939 Allah will hand over to every Muslim a Jew or a Christian, 00:05:48.939 --> 00:05:53.060 and say: 'This is your ransom from the Fire.'" 00:05:53.060 --> 00:05:58.060 Its meaning is clarified by what was reported in the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:05:58.060 --> 00:06:01.060 who said: "There will come on the Day of Resurrection 00:06:01.060 --> 00:06:05.060 people from among the Muslims with sins the size of mountains, 00:06:05.060 --> 00:06:08.100 and Allah will forgive them for them." 00:06:08.100 --> 00:06:10.379 Related by Muslim. 00:06:10.379 --> 00:06:15.379 His statement: "He will hand over to every Muslim a Jew or a Christian, 00:06:15.379 --> 00:06:19.379 and say: 'This is your ransom from the Fire,'" 00:06:19.379 --> 00:06:24.379 is explained by what came in the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him): 00:06:24.379 --> 00:06:29.379 "Every person has a dwelling in Paradise and a dwelling in the Fire. 00:06:29.379 --> 00:06:32.379 So when the believer enters Paradise, 00:06:32.379 --> 00:06:34.379 the disbeliever succeeds him in the Fire," 00:06:34.379 --> 00:06:38.509 because he deserves that on account of his disbelief. 00:06:38.509 --> 00:06:40.509 And the meaning of "your ransom" 00:06:40.509 --> 00:06:43.509 is that you were subject to entering the Fire, 00:06:43.509 --> 00:06:45.509 and this is your ransom, 00:06:45.509 --> 00:06:49.509 because Allah Almighty decreed a set number that fills the Fire; 00:06:49.509 --> 00:06:53.509 so when the disbelievers enter it on account of their sins and their disbelief, 00:06:53.509 --> 00:06:57.509 they become, in essence, a ransom for the Muslims. 00:06:57.509 --> 00:07:01.279 And Allah knows best. 00:07:01.279 --> 00:07:03.569 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:07:03.569 --> 00:07:06.569 Allah Almighty honoring this Ummah 00:07:06.569 --> 00:07:08.569 because of its faith in Allah, 00:07:08.569 --> 00:07:10.569 its bearing witness over mankind, 00:07:10.569 --> 00:07:13.569 and its upholding the methodology of Allah 00:07:13.569 --> 00:07:17.860 by enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong. 00:07:17.860 --> 00:07:20.860 The ignominy of the Jews and the Christians before Allah, 00:07:20.860 --> 00:07:24.860 who altered the Word of Allah and killed His messengers; 00:07:24.860 --> 00:07:26.860 hence they serve as ransoms 00:07:26.860 --> 00:07:29.860 by which the Muslims are redeemed. 00:07:29.860 --> 00:07:35.100 On the authority of Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him and his father), who said: 00:07:35.100 --> 00:07:40.100 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: 00:07:40.100 --> 00:07:44.100 "The believer will be brought near to his Lord on the Day of Resurrection 00:07:44.100 --> 00:07:47.100 until He places His veil over him 00:07:47.100 --> 00:07:49.100 and makes him confess his sins, 00:07:49.100 --> 00:07:53.100 saying: 'Do you recognize such-and-such a sin? 00:07:53.100 --> 00:07:56.100 Do you recognize such-and-such a sin?' 00:07:56.100 --> 00:07:59.100 He will say: 'My Lord, I recognize it.' 00:07:59.100 --> 00:08:04.100 He will say: 'Indeed, I concealed it for you in the world, 00:08:04.100 --> 00:08:07.100 and I forgive it for you this Day.' 00:08:07.100 --> 00:08:10.170 Then he will be given the record of his good deeds." 00:08:10.170 --> 00:08:12.360 Agreed upon. 00:08:13.360 --> 00:08:16.860 His concealment and His mercy. 00:08:16.860 --> 00:08:18.860 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:08:18.860 --> 00:08:23.120 Allah's care and solicitude for the people of faith, 00:08:23.120 --> 00:08:26.120 and His concealing their faults in this world and the Hereafter. 00:08:26.120 --> 00:08:31.759 The believing servant does not lie in this world or in the Hereafter. 00:08:31.759 --> 00:08:35.210 Confession erases transgression. 00:08:35.210 --> 00:08:39.460 Encouragement to conceal the faults of a believer as much as possible. 00:08:39.460 --> 00:08:43.460 Affirming the attribute of Speech for Allah, Lord of the worlds. 00:08:43.460 --> 00:08:47.850 The deeds of the servants are fully reckoned by the Lord of the servants; 00:08:47.850 --> 00:08:50.850 so whoever finds good, let him praise Allah, 00:08:50.850 --> 00:08:55.850 and whoever finds other than that, let him blame no one but himself, 00:08:55.850 --> 00:09:00.860 and he is subject to the will of Allah. 00:09:00.860 --> 00:09:03.860 On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): 00:09:03.860 --> 00:09:06.860 A man took an illicit kiss from a woman, 00:09:06.860 --> 00:09:09.860 so he came to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:09:09.860 --> 00:09:11.860 and informed him of it. 00:09:11.860 --> 00:09:13.860 Thereupon Allah Almighty revealed: 00:09:13.860 --> 00:09:18.860 “Establish worship at the two ends of the day and in some watches of the night. Lo! good deeds annul ill-deeds. This is reminder for the mindful.” (11:114) 00:09:18.860 --> 00:09:22.860 “Establish worship at the two ends of the day and in some watches of the night. Lo! good deeds annul ill-deeds. This is reminder for the mindful.” (11:114) 00:09:22.860 --> 00:09:24.860 The man said, 00:09:24.860 --> 00:09:27.860 "Is this for me alone, O Messenger of Allah?" 00:09:27.860 --> 00:09:28.860 He said: 00:09:28.860 --> 00:09:31.860 "For all of my Ummah in their entirety." 00:09:31.860 --> 00:09:33.860 Agreed upon. 00:09:33.860 --> 00:09:37.399 "The two ends of the day" 00:09:37.399 --> 00:09:39.399 means morning and evening. 00:09:39.399 --> 00:09:41.429 "In some hours of the night" 00:09:41.429 --> 00:09:45.429 means portions of it that are close to the day. 00:09:45.429 --> 00:09:49.009 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:09:49.009 --> 00:09:53.100 Prayer expiates whatever minor sins have occurred. 00:09:53.100 --> 00:09:57.419 It is recommended to conceal the identity of the sinner and not name him publicly. 00:09:57.679 --> 00:10:03.679 This hadith confirms that the precept is taken from the generality of the wording, not the specificity of the cause. 00:10:03.679 --> 00:10:08.320 Kissing, touching, and winking do not incur a prescribed legal punishment (*hadd*); 00:10:08.320 --> 00:10:11.320 rather, they warrant discretionary chastisement (*ta'zir*). 00:10:11.320 --> 00:10:16.049 On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:10:16.049 --> 00:10:21.049 A man came to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and said: 00:10:21.049 --> 00:10:23.049 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:10:23.049 --> 00:10:26.049 I have committed an offense deserving of a prescribed punishment, so execute it upon me." 00:10:26.049 --> 00:10:28.049 The time for prayer arrived, 00:10:28.049 --> 00:10:32.049 and he prayed along with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:10:32.049 --> 00:10:35.049 When he finished the prayer, he said: 00:10:35.049 --> 00:10:37.049 "O Messenger of Allah, 00:10:37.049 --> 00:10:39.049 I have committed an offense deserving of a prescribed punishment, 00:10:39.049 --> 00:10:42.049 so carry out the judgment of the Book of Allah upon me." 00:10:42.049 --> 00:10:44.110 He said: 00:10:44.110 --> 00:10:46.110 "Did you not attend the prayer with us?" 00:10:46.110 --> 00:10:48.110 He said, "Yes." 00:10:48.110 --> 00:10:49.110 He said: 00:10:49.110 --> 00:10:51.210 "You have indeed been forgiven." 00:10:51.210 --> 00:10:53.210 Agreed upon. 00:10:53.210 --> 00:10:56.210 And his words "I have committed an offense deserving of a prescribed punishment" 00:10:56.210 --> 00:10:59.210 mean a sin requiring discretionary chastisement (*ta'zir*), 00:10:59.210 --> 00:11:03.210 and not an actual legal penalty (*hadd*) in the technical sense, 00:11:03.210 --> 00:11:06.210 such as the prescribed punishment for fornication, drinking wine, or the like; 00:11:06.210 --> 00:11:09.210 for such legal penalties are not waived by prayer, 00:11:09.210 --> 00:11:12.210 nor is it permissible for the ruler to forgo them. 00:11:12.210 --> 00:11:15.720 On the authority of Anas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:11:15.720 --> 00:11:19.750 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:11:19.750 --> 00:11:25.750 "Indeed, Allah is pleased with the servant when he eats a morsel of food and praises Him for it, 00:11:25.750 --> 00:11:29.750 or drinks a draught of drink and praises Him for it." 00:11:29.750 --> 00:11:31.750 Related by Muslim. 00:11:31.750 --> 00:11:36.139 *Al-aklah* refers to a single instance of eating, 00:11:36.139 --> 00:11:38.139 like the morning meal or the evening meal. 00:11:38.139 --> 00:11:40.139 And Allah knows best. 00:11:40.139 --> 00:11:43.809 Among the lessons of the hadith: 00:11:43.809 --> 00:11:47.940 It is recommended to praise Allah upon having every meal and drink, 00:11:47.940 --> 00:11:50.940 because that is part of the etiquettes of eating. 00:11:50.940 --> 00:11:56.379 The believer seeks the pleasure of Allah in his food and drink, 00:11:56.379 --> 00:12:00.379 partaking of it to seek strength in obeying Allah. 00:12:00.379 --> 00:12:05.700 Affirming the attribute of Pleasure for Allah, Glorified and Exalted be He. 00:12:05.700 --> 00:12:10.110 On the authority of Abu Musa (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:12:10.110 --> 00:12:14.110 from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:12:14.110 --> 00:12:20.110 "Indeed, Allah Almighty stretches out His Hand by night so that the sinner of the day may repent, 00:12:20.110 --> 00:12:25.110 and He stretches out His Hand by day so that the sinner of the night may repent, 00:12:25.110 --> 00:12:29.110 until the sun rises from the west." 00:12:29.110 --> 00:12:31.110 Related by Muslim. 00:12:31.110 --> 00:12:36.210 *Riyad al-Salihin*.