WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.160 --> 00:00:08.039 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.580 --> 00:00:12.740 Abridged by Dr. ‘Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammar. 00:00:14.060 --> 00:00:15.980 Surah Hud. 00:00:18.370 --> 00:00:22.489 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.230 --> 00:00:27.030 "And to Madyan [We sent] their brother Shu‘ayb." 00:00:27.190 --> 00:00:33.189 He said, "O my people, worship Allah; you have no god other than Him." 00:00:33.509 --> 00:00:38.149 "And do not decrease the measure and the scale." 00:00:38.390 --> 00:00:45.929 “And unto Midian (We sent) their brother Shu'eyb. He said: O my people! Serve Allah. Ye have no other Allah save Him! And give not short measure and short weight. Lo! I see you well-to-do, and lo! I fear for you the doom of a besetting Day.” (11:84) 00:00:46.250 --> 00:00:53.689 “And unto Midian (We sent) their brother Shu'eyb. He said: O my people! Serve Allah. Ye have no other Allah save Him! And give not short measure and short weight. Lo! I see you well-to-do, and lo! I fear for you the doom of a besetting Day.” (11:84) 00:00:55.100 --> 00:00:58.219 We sent to Madyan their brother Shu‘ayb. 00:00:58.700 --> 00:01:00.619 When he came to them, he said: 00:01:01.289 --> 00:01:03.009 "O my people, obey Allah." 00:01:03.329 --> 00:01:07.969 Humble yourselves before Him in obedience to what He has commanded you and what He has forbidden you. 00:01:08.450 --> 00:01:13.290 You have no deity other than Him who deserves your worship. 00:01:13.810 --> 00:01:18.370 Do not deprive people of their rights by cheating in your measures and scales. 00:01:18.969 --> 00:01:23.049 I see that Allah has expanded your worldly prosperity, 00:01:23.530 --> 00:01:25.730 in terms of wealth and the adornments of life. 00:01:26.290 --> 00:01:30.129 I fear for you, should you disobey the command of Allah, 00:01:30.609 --> 00:01:35.329 that a punishment of a day encompassing you in its torment will befall you. 00:01:37.040 --> 00:01:42.000 “O my people! Give full measure and full weight in justice, and wrong not people in respect of their goods. And do not evil in the earth, causing corruption.” (11:85) 00:01:42.400 --> 00:01:50.599 Do not diminish the things of the people, and do not roam the earth causing corruption. 00:01:51.849 --> 00:01:55.609 O my people, give full measure and weight with justice. 00:01:56.049 --> 00:01:58.409 Do not deprive people of their rights. 00:01:58.890 --> 00:02:03.090 Do not roam the earth engaging in acts of disobedience to Allah. 00:02:17.740 --> 00:02:24.939 What Allah leaves for you of provision, after you have given people their full rights by measure and scale with equity, 00:02:25.500 --> 00:02:32.539 is better for you than what remains for you by cheating people of their rights in measure and scale, 00:02:32.939 --> 00:02:36.620 if you are believers in the promise and warning of Allah. 00:02:37.340 --> 00:02:43.580 I am not a watcher over you, O people, to monitor you in your measuring and weighing. 00:02:44.680 --> 00:02:54.919 “They said: O Shu'eyb! Doth thy way of prayer command thee that we should forsake that which our fathers (used to) worship, or that we (should leave off) doing what we will with our own property. Lo! thou art the mild, the guide to right behaviour.” (11:87) 00:02:55.319 --> 00:03:06.520 “They said: O Shu'eyb! Doth thy way of prayer command thee that we should forsake that which our fathers (used to) worship, or that we (should leave off) doing what we will with our own property. Lo! thou art the mild, the guide to right behaviour.” (11:87) 00:03:07.800 --> 00:03:17.960 The people of Shu‘ayb said, "O Shu‘ayb, does your prayer command you that we should abandon the worship of what our fathers worshipped—the idols and statues?" 00:03:18.439 --> 00:03:24.039 "Or that we should do with our wealth whatever we wish, such as cheating people in measure and weight?" 00:03:24.599 --> 00:03:32.120 "You are indeed the forbearing, the wise, whom anger does not drive to do what he would not do in a state of contentment." 00:03:32.680 --> 00:03:37.800 He is a man of sound judgment in his command to them to abandon the worship of idols. 00:03:39.289 --> 00:03:51.930 “He said: O my people! Bethink you: if I am (acting) on a clear proof from my Lord and He sustaineth me with fair sustenance from Him (how can I concede aught to you)? I desire not to do behind your backs that which I ask you not to do. I desire naught save reform so far as I am able. My welfare is only in Allah. In Him I trust and unto Him I turn (repentant).” (11:88) 00:03:52.650 --> 00:04:02.169 “He said: O my people! Bethink you: if I am (acting) on a clear proof from my Lord and He sustaineth me with fair sustenance from Him (how can I concede aught to you)? I desire not to do behind your backs that which I ask you not to do. I desire naught save reform so far as I am able. My welfare is only in Allah. In Him I trust and unto Him I turn (repentant).” (11:88) 00:04:02.810 --> 00:04:12.650 “He said: O my people! Bethink you: if I am (acting) on a clear proof from my Lord and He sustaineth me with fair sustenance from Him (how can I concede aught to you)? I desire not to do behind your backs that which I ask you not to do. I desire naught save reform so far as I am able. My welfare is only in Allah. In Him I trust and unto Him I turn (repentant).” (11:88) 00:04:14.169 --> 00:04:16.009 Shu‘ayb said to his people: 00:04:16.680 --> 00:04:25.000 "O my people, have you considered if I am upon clear evidence and proof from my Lord regarding what I call you to—the worship of Allah?" 00:04:25.480 --> 00:04:28.680 "And He has provided me from Himself with a good and lawful provision." 00:04:29.240 --> 00:04:33.720 "I do not wish to forbid you from something and then do the opposite myself." 00:04:34.470 --> 00:04:43.110 "I desire nothing in what I command you and forbid you except your reform and the reform of your affairs, as much as I am able." 00:04:43.829 --> 00:04:48.069 So that you may not be afflicted by a punishment from Allah for disobeying His command. 00:04:48.790 --> 00:04:55.029 My success in attempting to reform you and your affairs is only through Allah. 00:04:55.670 --> 00:04:58.149 For He is the Helper in that. 00:04:58.870 --> 00:05:02.310 To Allah I entrust my affair, for He is my reliance. 00:05:02.949 --> 00:05:06.470 To Him I turn in obedience, and to Him I return in repentance. 00:05:08.089 --> 00:05:23.529 “And, O my people! Let not the schism with me cause you to sin so that there befall you that which befell the folk of Noah and the folk of Hud, and the folk of Salih; and the folk of Lot are not far off from you.” (11:89) 00:05:24.170 --> 00:05:29.610 “And, O my people! Let not the schism with me cause you to sin so that there befall you that which befell the folk of Noah and the folk of Hud, and the folk of Salih; and the folk of Lot are not far off from you.” (11:89) 00:05:30.970 --> 00:05:38.810 O my people, let not your enmity and hatred toward me drive you to persist in the disbelief in Allah that you are upon, 00:05:39.370 --> 00:05:43.129 lest there befall you the like of what befell the people of Nuh through drowning, 00:05:43.769 --> 00:05:48.490 or the people of Hud through the punishment, or the people of Salih through the earthquake. 00:05:49.050 --> 00:05:52.730 And the people of Lut are not far from you in their destruction. 00:05:53.290 --> 00:05:56.329 Will you not take a lesson and heed the warning? 00:05:58.069 --> 00:06:09.589 “Ask pardon of your Lord and then turn unto Him (repentant). Lo! my Lord is Merciful, Loving.” (11:90) 00:06:10.920 --> 00:06:14.279 Seek forgiveness from your Lord, O people, for your sins. 00:06:15.000 --> 00:06:19.480 Then return to His obedience and adhere to His commands and prohibitions. 00:06:20.199 --> 00:06:23.639 Indeed, my Lord is Merciful to those who repent and turn to Him. 00:06:24.120 --> 00:06:28.120 He is Loving, full of affection for those who turn and repent to Him. 00:06:29.509 --> 00:06:41.029 “They said: O Shu'eyb! We understand not much of that thou tellest, and lo! we do behold thee weak among us. But for thy family, we should have stoned thee, for thou art not strong against us.” (11:91) 00:06:41.029 --> 00:06:45.589 “They said: O Shu'eyb! We understand not much of that thou tellest, and lo! we do behold thee weak among us. But for thy family, we should have stoned thee, for thou art not strong against us.” (11:91) 00:06:46.069 --> 00:06:49.750 "And were it not for your family, we would have stoned you." 00:06:50.149 --> 00:06:55.670 “They said: O Shu'eyb! We understand not much of that thou tellest, and lo! we do behold thee weak among us. But for thy family, we should have stoned thee, for thou art not strong against us.” (11:91) 00:06:57.319 --> 00:06:58.759 The people of Shu‘ayb said: 00:06:59.319 --> 00:07:04.600 "O Shu‘ayb, we do not understand much of what you say and tell us." 00:07:05.079 --> 00:07:07.720 “They said: O Shu'eyb! We understand not much of that thou tellest, and lo! we do behold thee weak among us. But for thy family, we should have stoned thee, for thou art not strong against us.” (11:91) 00:07:08.199 --> 00:07:10.920 It was mentioned that he was blind. 00:07:11.589 --> 00:07:15.750 "And were it not for your clan and your people, we would have stoned you." 00:07:16.230 --> 00:07:18.470 It is said: "We would have killed you." 00:07:18.949 --> 00:07:21.509 "And you are not honored among us." 00:07:21.990 --> 00:07:24.870 So it is not a great matter for us to humiliate or disgrace you. 00:07:25.430 --> 00:07:27.589 Rather, that is easy for us. 00:07:46.819 --> 00:07:48.579 Shu‘ayb said to his people: 00:07:49.060 --> 00:07:52.019 "O my people, do you hold your clan in higher esteem," 00:07:52.500 --> 00:07:54.980 "so that they are more dear to you than Allah?" 00:07:55.540 --> 00:07:57.379 "And you have treated your Lord with contempt," 00:07:57.779 --> 00:08:00.100 "casting Him behind your backs," 00:08:00.500 --> 00:08:03.139 "and you do not revere Him as He truly deserves to be revered." 00:08:03.860 --> 00:08:06.819 "Indeed, my Lord encompasses your deeds with His knowledge." 00:08:07.220 --> 00:08:09.459 Nothing of it is hidden from Him. 00:08:10.019 --> 00:08:14.259 He will recompense you for all of it, sooner or later. 00:08:16.250 --> 00:08:19.449 "O my people, work according to your position," 00:08:19.850 --> 00:08:21.610 "I am working." 00:08:22.250 --> 00:08:27.370 "Soon you will know to whom will come a punishment that will disgrace him," 00:08:27.689 --> 00:08:29.370 "and who is the liar." 00:08:29.930 --> 00:08:35.129 “And, O my people! Act according to your power, lo! I (too) am acting. Ye will soon know on whom there cometh a doom that will abase him, and who it is that lieth. And watch! Lo! I am a watcher with you.” (11:93) 00:08:37.019 --> 00:08:41.340 "O my people, work according to your ability in the work you do." 00:08:41.820 --> 00:08:46.139 "I am working with patience and deliberation in the work I do." 00:08:46.779 --> 00:08:50.379 "Soon you will know, O people, which of us," 00:08:50.620 --> 00:08:52.860 "a punishment will come to that will humiliate and disgrace him," 00:08:53.419 --> 00:08:59.100 "and who is the liar among us in his speech and report." 00:08:59.740 --> 00:09:00.620 "And wait." 00:09:01.100 --> 00:09:05.340 "I am also waiting for that punishment with you." 00:09:13.029 --> 00:09:21.590 We saved Shu‘ayb and those who believed with him by a mercy from Us. 00:09:21.830 --> 00:09:28.230 “And when Our commandment came to pass We saved Shu'eyb and those who believed with him by a mercy from Us; and the (Awful) Cry seized those who did injustice, and morning found them prostrate in their dwellings,” (11:94) 00:09:28.470 --> 00:09:36.149 “And when Our commandment came to pass We saved Shu'eyb and those who believed with him by a mercy from Us; and the (Awful) Cry seized those who did injustice, and morning found them prostrate in their dwellings,” (11:94) 00:09:36.470 --> 00:09:39.509 As if they had never prospered therein. 00:09:39.909 --> 00:09:45.509 Behold, away with Madyan, just as Thamud was sent away. 00:09:46.940 --> 00:09:51.419 When Our decree came regarding the people of Shu‘ayb with Our punishment, 00:09:51.980 --> 00:09:58.860 We saved Shu‘ayb, Our messenger, and those who believed him against the punishment that came to them, 00:09:59.340 --> 00:10:02.379 by a mercy from Us for him and for those who believed in him. 00:10:02.940 --> 00:10:07.340 A blast from the sky seized those who had wronged, silencing them. 00:10:07.740 --> 00:10:13.419 They became in their homes fallen upon their knees, lying dead in their courtyards. 00:10:13.899 --> 00:10:19.740 As if the people of Shu‘ayb had never lived there before they were found fallen in their homes. 00:10:20.460 --> 00:10:23.259 Behold, may Allah distance Madyan from His mercy, 00:10:23.740 --> 00:10:26.940 just as Thamud, who were before them, were distanced from His mercy, 00:10:27.259 --> 00:10:29.500 by the descent of His wrath upon them. 00:10:38.440 --> 00:10:44.759 “Unto Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they did follow the command of Pharaoh, and the command of Pharaoh was no right guide.” (11:97) 00:10:45.240 --> 00:10:49.720 “Unto Pharaoh and his chiefs, but they did follow the command of Pharaoh, and the command of Pharaoh was no right guide.” (11:97) 00:10:51.370 --> 00:10:55.370 We sent Musa with Our signs of Our Oneness, 00:10:55.929 --> 00:11:01.129 and a clear proof that shows to anyone who witnesses it that it points to the Oneness of Allah. 00:11:01.769 --> 00:11:05.769 We sent him to Pharaoh and the chiefs of his army and his followers. 00:11:06.250 --> 00:11:08.409 They denied the Oneness of Allah. 00:11:09.049 --> 00:11:13.289 The chiefs of Pharaoh followed the command of Pharaoh instead of the command of Allah. 00:11:14.039 --> 00:11:18.679 The command of Pharaoh does not guide those who follow him to any good. 00:11:19.080 --> 00:11:21.080 Nor does it lead them to righteousness. 00:11:21.559 --> 00:11:23.960 Rather, it leads them into the Fire of Hell. 00:11:25.480 --> 00:11:32.360 “He will go before his people on the Day of Resurrection and will lead them to the Fire for watering-place. Ah, hapless is the watering-place (whither they are) led.” (11:98) 00:11:32.840 --> 00:11:35.879 And wretched is the place to which they are led. 00:11:37.399 --> 00:11:40.360 Pharaoh will lead his people on the Day of Resurrection, 00:11:40.679 --> 00:11:42.679 and he will lead them into the Fire. 00:11:43.000 --> 00:11:45.480 And wretched is the place to which they are led. 00:11:47.029 --> 00:11:52.549 “A curse is made to follow them in the world and on the Day of Resurrection. Hapless is the gift (that will be) given (them).” (11:99) 00:11:53.029 --> 00:11:56.230 Wretched is the gift that is bestowed. 00:11:57.639 --> 00:12:02.600 Allah followed them in this—meaning in this worldly life—with His curse. 00:12:03.240 --> 00:12:07.399 And on the Day of Resurrection, they will also be cursed with another curse. 00:12:07.960 --> 00:12:09.639 Wretched is the aid that is provided. 00:12:09.960 --> 00:12:13.000 The two curses from Allah have followed one upon another for them. 00:12:14.840 --> 00:12:21.240 That is from the news of the towns We relate to you. 00:12:21.799 --> 00:12:27.320 Of them are some that are standing and some that are harvested. 00:12:28.580 --> 00:12:32.259 This narrative that We have mentioned to you in this Surah, 00:12:32.740 --> 00:12:36.980 is from the news of the towns whose people We destroyed for their disbelief in Allah. 00:12:37.460 --> 00:12:39.940 We relate it to you, informing you of it. 00:12:40.419 --> 00:12:42.419 Some of them have their structures still standing. 00:12:42.980 --> 00:12:47.059 And some of them are "harvested"—their structures are ruined and collapsed. 00:12:48.889 --> 00:12:54.250 “We wronged them not, but they did wrong themselves; and their gods on whom they call beside Allah availed them naught when came thy Lord's command; they added to them naught save ruin.” (11:101) 00:12:54.730 --> 00:13:02.970 “We wronged them not, but they did wrong themselves; and their gods on whom they call beside Allah availed them naught when came thy Lord's command; they added to them naught save ruin.” (11:101) 00:13:03.450 --> 00:13:10.409 “We wronged them not, but they did wrong themselves; and their gods on whom they call beside Allah availed them naught when came thy Lord's command; they added to them naught save ruin.” (11:101) 00:13:10.809 --> 00:13:16.009 “We wronged them not, but they did wrong themselves; and their gods on whom they call beside Allah availed them naught when came thy Lord's command; they added to them naught save ruin.” (11:101) 00:13:17.190 --> 00:13:23.350 We did not punish the people of these towns whose news We have related to you, O Muhammad, 00:13:23.669 --> 00:13:26.470 without them deserving Our punishment. 00:13:27.029 --> 00:13:31.590 For then We would have placed Our punishment in other than its proper place. 00:13:32.309 --> 00:13:36.789 But they brought punishment upon themselves by their disobedience. 00:13:37.350 --> 00:13:41.590 “We wronged them not, but they did wrong themselves; and their gods on whom they call beside Allah availed them naught when came thy Lord's command; they added to them naught save ruin.” (11:101) 00:13:41.990 --> 00:13:45.110 When the decree of your Lord came with their punishment, 00:13:45.909 --> 00:13:52.309 their gods did not avail these polytheists anything when the command of your Lord came with the punishment of Allah, 00:13:52.950 --> 00:13:55.750 other than causing them loss, destruction, and ruin. 00:13:57.860 --> 00:14:03.220 “Even thus is the grasp of thy Lord when He graspeth the townships while they are doing wrong. Lo! His grasp is painful, very strong.” (11:102) 00:14:03.700 --> 00:14:09.779 “Even thus is the grasp of thy Lord when He graspeth the townships while they are doing wrong. Lo! His grasp is painful, very strong.” (11:102) 00:14:10.779 --> 00:14:16.059 Just as We seized, O people, the inhabitants of these towns for their opposition to My command, 00:14:16.539 --> 00:14:21.179 so too is the seizing of the towns and their inhabitants when I seize them with My punishment. 00:14:21.659 --> 00:14:26.299 Indeed, the seizing of your Lord with punishment is painful and severe. 00:14:28.139 --> 00:14:34.870 “Lo! herein verily there is a portent for those who fear the doom of the Hereafter. That is a day unto which mankind will be gathered, and that is a day that will be witnessed.” (11:103) 00:14:35.429 --> 00:14:43.830 “Lo! herein verily there is a portent for those who fear the doom of the Hereafter. That is a day unto which mankind will be gathered, and that is a day that will be witnessed.” (11:103) 00:14:45.299 --> 00:14:48.500 In Our seizing of those whom We seized from the inhabitants of the towns, 00:14:49.059 --> 00:14:54.100 there is a lesson and an admonition for those who fear the punishment of Allah in the Hereafter among His servants. 00:14:54.659 --> 00:14:59.379 This day is a day when Allah will gather the people from their graves. 00:14:59.940 --> 00:15:04.899 It is a day that all creatures will witness; not one of them will be absent. 00:15:05.539 --> 00:15:11.139 He will then take retribution from those who disobeyed Allah, opposed His command, and denied His messengers. 00:15:12.600 --> 00:15:18.600 “And We defer it only to a term already reckoned.” (11:104) 00:15:19.929 --> 00:15:24.570 We do not delay the Day of Resurrection for you except for a term 00:15:25.049 --> 00:15:29.850 that is counted and numbered; it will not come except at its appointed time. 00:15:31.799 --> 00:15:36.600 The day it comes, no soul will speak except by His permission. 00:15:37.080 --> 00:15:42.039 Among them will be the wretched and the blessed. 00:15:42.519 --> 00:15:48.279 “As for those who will be wretched (on that day) they will be in the Fire; sighing and wailing will be their portion therein,” (11:106) 00:15:48.679 --> 00:15:54.600 “As for those who will be wretched (on that day) they will be in the Fire; sighing and wailing will be their portion therein,” (11:106) 00:15:55.080 --> 00:16:03.000 They will abide therein as long as the heavens and the earth endure, except what your Lord wills. 00:16:03.559 --> 00:16:09.159 “Abiding there so long as the heavens and the earth endure save for that which thy Lord willeth. Lo! thy Lord is Doer of what He will.” (11:107) 00:16:10.620 --> 00:16:13.500 On the day it comes, the Day of Resurrection, O people, 00:16:13.980 --> 00:16:17.179 no soul will speak except by the permission of its Lord. 00:16:17.899 --> 00:16:20.940 Among these souls will be the wretched and the blessed. 00:16:21.799 --> 00:16:23.399 As for those who were wretched, 00:16:23.879 --> 00:16:26.840 they will be in the Fire, having therein a loud wailing, 00:16:27.399 --> 00:16:28.840 and gasping in their chests. 00:16:29.559 --> 00:16:33.799 They will abide therein as long as the heavens and the earth endure, forever, 00:16:34.360 --> 00:16:39.320 except what your Lord wills regarding the people of Tawhid, for He will bring them out of the Fire. 00:16:40.039 --> 00:16:45.320 Indeed, your Lord, O Muhammad, is not prevented by any obstacle from doing what He wills.