WEBVTT 00:00:00.240 --> 00:00:08.800 Summary of the Concepts of Ahl al-Sunnah 00:00:08.800 --> 00:00:13.599 Marriage in Islam and Its Purposes 00:00:13.599 --> 00:00:21.000 In Islam, marriage is not merely a gratification of animalistic, instinctive desires between a man and a woman, 00:00:21.000 --> 00:00:25.399 like the relationship between males and females among most animals, 00:00:25.399 --> 00:00:29.600 nor is it unregulated passion and romance lacking disciplined order, 00:00:29.600 --> 00:00:32.799 as is prevalent today in non-Muslim lands. 00:00:32.899 --> 00:00:36.299 Rather, it is a sacred bond between spouses, 00:00:36.299 --> 00:00:40.500 having noble goals and lofty purposes. 00:00:40.500 --> 00:00:42.299 The most important of these are: 00:00:42.299 --> 00:00:43.500 First: 00:00:43.500 --> 00:00:46.799 Preserving the chastity and moral purity of both spouses 00:00:46.799 --> 00:00:50.200 through an organized, Islamically lawful path, 00:00:50.200 --> 00:00:52.299 as Allah Almighty says: 00:00:52.299 --> 00:00:55.600 ◁ ...All others beyond these are lawful for you... ▷ 00:00:55.600 --> 00:01:01.000 “And all married women (are forbidden unto you) save those (captives) whom your right hands possess. It is a decree of Allah for you. Lawful unto you are all beyond those mentioned, so that ye seek them with your wealth in honest wedlock, not debauchery. And those of whom ye seek content (by marrying them), give unto them their portions as a duty. And there is no sin for you in what ye do by mutual agreement after the duty (hath been done). Lo! Allah is ever Knower, Wise.” (4:24) 00:01:01.100 --> 00:01:03.200 And in another verse: 00:01:03.200 --> 00:01:08.200 “This day are (all) good things made lawful for you. The food of those who have received the Scripture is lawful for you, and your food is lawful for them. And so are the virtuous women of the believers and the virtuous women of those who received the Scripture before you (lawful for you) when ye give them their marriage portions and live with them in honour, not in fornication, nor taking them as secret concubines. Whoso denieth the faith, his work is vain and he will be among the losers in the Hereafter.” (5:5) 00:01:08.200 --> 00:01:12.200 Taking secret lovers refers to committing fornication with paramours. 00:01:12.200 --> 00:01:14.500 Marriage is called "ihsan" (fortification/chastity)— 00:01:14.500 --> 00:01:16.799 meaning protection and safeguarding— 00:01:16.799 --> 00:01:22.700 because of the mutual chastity it affords both spouses. 00:01:22.700 --> 00:01:24.599 And Allah Almighty says: 00:01:24.599 --> 00:01:30.900 ◁ Marry off the single among you and the righteous of your male and female slaves. ▷ 00:01:30.900 --> 00:01:34.299 And the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:01:34.299 --> 00:01:36.200 "O young men! 00:01:36.200 --> 00:01:40.200 Whoever among you can afford to marry, let him marry, 00:01:40.200 --> 00:01:44.000 for it lowers the gaze and best guards chastity. 00:01:44.000 --> 00:01:47.599 And whoever is unable, let him fast, 00:01:47.599 --> 00:01:50.269 for it will be a shield for him." 00:01:50.269 --> 00:01:52.269 Agreed upon. 00:01:52.269 --> 00:01:55.670 All of this establishes in the hearts of believers 00:01:55.670 --> 00:02:00.069 that bachelorhood and staying unmarried is a temporary state 00:02:00.069 --> 00:02:02.370 that one must strive to bring to an end 00:02:02.370 --> 00:02:05.569 and overcome whatever obstacles hinder it. 00:02:05.569 --> 00:02:09.069 Marriage thus becomes, in the customary understanding of believers, 00:02:09.069 --> 00:02:13.419 an act of obedience and a means of drawing close to Allah Almighty. 00:02:13.419 --> 00:02:14.719 Second: 00:02:14.719 --> 00:02:17.020 Establishing a Muslim family 00:02:17.020 --> 00:02:21.319 in which the rights of both spouses are observed, 00:02:21.319 --> 00:02:24.919 as indicated by the words of Allah Almighty: 00:02:24.919 --> 00:02:29.020 ◁ ...Who created you from a single soul, ▷ 00:02:29.020 --> 00:02:31.810 ◁ and created from it its mate... ▷ 00:02:31.810 --> 00:02:35.210 For wives were created from men, 00:02:35.210 --> 00:02:37.710 in that the wife of Adam (peace be upon him) 00:02:37.710 --> 00:02:39.610 was created from his rib. 00:02:39.610 --> 00:02:42.409 Thus, between men and women lies the closest kinship, 00:02:42.409 --> 00:02:44.110 the strongest bond, 00:02:44.110 --> 00:02:46.110 and the most sacred relationship, 00:02:46.110 --> 00:02:48.110 as Allah Almighty says: 00:02:48.110 --> 00:02:52.710 “It is made lawful for you to go in unto your wives on the night of the fast. They are raiment for you and ye are raiment for them. Allah is Aware that ye were deceiving yourselves in this respect and He hath turned in mercy toward you and relieved you. So hold intercourse with them and seek that which Allah hath ordained for you, and eat and drink until the white thread becometh distinct to you from the black thread of the dawn. Then strictly observe the fast till nightfall and touch them not, but be at your devotions in the mosques. These are the limits imposed by Allah, so approach them not. Thus Allah expoundeth His revelation to mankind that they may ward off (evil).” (2:187) 00:02:52.810 --> 00:02:56.009 It is a connection involving the intimate blending of one soul with another. 00:02:56.009 --> 00:02:57.210 Therefore, 00:02:57.210 --> 00:03:00.310 the Muslim family and the Muslim home 00:03:00.310 --> 00:03:04.210 are a place of tranquility wherein affection and mercy flourish, 00:03:04.210 --> 00:03:06.310 as Allah Almighty says: 00:03:06.310 --> 00:03:11.210 “And of His signs is this: He created for you helpmeets from yourselves that ye might find rest in them, and He ordained between you love and mercy. Lo! herein indeed are portents for folk who reflect.” (30:21) 00:03:11.210 --> 00:03:13.210 ◁ ...that you may find tranquility in them... ▷ 00:03:13.210 --> 00:03:17.439 “And of His signs is this: He created for you helpmeets from yourselves that ye might find rest in them, and He ordained between you love and mercy. Lo! herein indeed are portents for folk who reflect.” (30:21) 00:03:17.439 --> 00:03:19.939 This is the most magnificent and precise depiction 00:03:19.939 --> 00:03:21.740 of the marital relationship 00:03:21.740 --> 00:03:24.400 and the formation of the Muslim home. 00:03:24.400 --> 00:03:27.599 Islam does not stop at these spiritual indications 00:03:27.599 --> 00:03:30.000 and inspiring nuances; 00:03:30.000 --> 00:03:32.000 rather, it follows them up with practical regulations 00:03:32.000 --> 00:03:33.800 and legislative safeguards that guarantee 00:03:33.800 --> 00:03:36.879 the rights of each party. 00:03:36.879 --> 00:03:38.280 Third: 00:03:38.280 --> 00:03:41.009 Increasing the offspring of the Muslims. 00:03:41.009 --> 00:03:44.310 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:03:44.310 --> 00:03:46.909 "Marry the loving and fertile, 00:03:46.909 --> 00:03:50.270 for I will boast of your great numbers before the other nations." 00:03:50.270 --> 00:03:53.770 Narrated by Abu Dawud, al-Nasa'i, and Ahmad, 00:03:53.770 --> 00:03:57.879 and authenticated by al-Albani. 00:03:57.879 --> 00:04:00.500 Guardianship (Qawamah) 00:04:00.500 --> 00:04:05.599 Allah Almighty has established for the man in his home the role of guardianship over the woman, 00:04:05.599 --> 00:04:07.599 for Allah Almighty says: 00:04:07.599 --> 00:04:10.800 “Men are in charge of women, because Allah hath made the one of them to excel the other, and because they spend of their property (for the support of women). So good women are the obedient, guarding in secret that which Allah hath guarded. As for those from whom ye fear rebellion, admonish them and banish them to beds apart, and scourge them. Then if they obey you, seek not a way against them. Lo! Allah is ever High, Exalted, Great.” (4:34) 00:04:10.800 --> 00:04:14.400 “Men are in charge of women, because Allah hath made the one of them to excel the other, and because they spend of their property (for the support of women). So good women are the obedient, guarding in secret that which Allah hath guarded. As for those from whom ye fear rebellion, admonish them and banish them to beds apart, and scourge them. Then if they obey you, seek not a way against them. Lo! Allah is ever High, Exalted, Great.” (4:34) 00:04:14.400 --> 00:04:18.040 “Men are in charge of women, because Allah hath made the one of them to excel the other, and because they spend of their property (for the support of women). So good women are the obedient, guarding in secret that which Allah hath guarded. As for those from whom ye fear rebellion, admonish them and banish them to beds apart, and scourge them. Then if they obey you, seek not a way against them. Lo! Allah is ever High, Exalted, Great.” (4:34) 00:04:18.040 --> 00:04:19.939 This guardianship does not imply 00:04:19.939 --> 00:04:22.540 the erasure of the woman's personality in the home 00:04:22.540 --> 00:04:24.639 or in human society, 00:04:24.639 --> 00:04:26.639 as some believe 00:04:26.639 --> 00:04:30.139 out of ignorance of what the Islamic law requires of us. 00:04:30.139 --> 00:04:32.540 Rather, it is a matter rooted in functional reasons, 00:04:32.540 --> 00:04:35.740 stemming from innate disposition and natural capacity. 00:04:35.740 --> 00:04:37.240 For Allah, Mighty and Majestic, 00:04:37.240 --> 00:04:39.540 made among the functions of a woman 00:04:39.540 --> 00:04:41.339 pregnancy, childbirth, 00:04:41.339 --> 00:04:44.139 breastfeeding, and child-rearing. 00:04:44.139 --> 00:04:45.939 These are momentous tasks 00:04:45.939 --> 00:04:48.639 requiring gentleness, affection, 00:04:48.639 --> 00:04:49.939 prompt responsiveness, 00:04:49.939 --> 00:04:51.639 and an immediate meeting 00:04:51.639 --> 00:04:53.939 of the demands of childhood. 00:04:53.939 --> 00:04:57.040 All of these are distinctive qualities of women, 00:04:57.040 --> 00:05:00.339 setting them apart from men. 00:05:00.339 --> 00:05:01.540 Therefore, it is not fair 00:05:01.540 --> 00:05:02.839 that a woman be burdened, 00:05:02.839 --> 00:05:05.639 alongside these heavy responsibilities, 00:05:05.639 --> 00:05:07.040 with the duty of earning a living, 00:05:07.040 --> 00:05:09.439 providing financially for the household, 00:05:09.439 --> 00:05:11.439 and managing its administrative affairs— 00:05:11.439 --> 00:05:15.639 matters requiring qualities she does not naturally possess, 00:05:15.639 --> 00:05:18.839 but which are instead characteristic of men, 00:05:18.839 --> 00:05:20.839 such as deliberate deliberation in thought, 00:05:20.839 --> 00:05:22.139 studying issues 00:05:22.139 --> 00:05:24.439 from all perspectives, 00:05:24.439 --> 00:05:27.439 as well as strength and decisiveness in firm decisions. 00:05:27.439 --> 00:05:29.040 Therefore, Allah tasked men 00:05:29.040 --> 00:05:30.540 with all of that, 00:05:30.540 --> 00:05:32.040 granting them leadership 00:05:32.040 --> 00:05:34.240 and guardianship in those matters, 00:05:34.240 --> 00:05:36.639 so that they may fulfill the role 00:05:36.639 --> 00:05:38.939 assigned to them. 00:05:38.939 --> 00:05:41.040 Thus, if this balance is disrupted, 00:05:41.040 --> 00:05:43.939 and duties and functions are swapped, 00:05:43.939 --> 00:05:45.540 or if one party monopolizes all of them 00:05:45.540 --> 00:05:47.540 to the exclusion of the other, 00:05:47.540 --> 00:05:49.740 discord inevitably creeps 00:05:49.740 --> 00:05:51.139 between the spouses, 00:05:51.139 --> 00:05:52.339 the home becomes unstable, 00:05:52.339 --> 00:05:54.540 and its problems multiply. 00:05:54.540 --> 00:05:57.740 Truthful are the words of Allah Almighty, Who said: 00:05:57.740 --> 00:05:59.540 “Should He not know what He created? And He is the Subtile, the Aware.” (67:14) 00:05:59.540 --> 00:06:02.560 ◁ ...and He is the Subtle, the All-Aware. ▷ 00:06:02.560 --> 00:06:05.759 Guardianship is also an indispensable necessity, 00:06:05.759 --> 00:06:07.259 because the home, 00:06:07.259 --> 00:06:09.060 like any institution, 00:06:09.060 --> 00:06:11.860 must have a single leader 00:06:11.860 --> 00:06:13.660 who bears ultimate responsibility 00:06:13.660 --> 00:06:14.660 for its management, 00:06:14.660 --> 00:06:16.660 after consultation and mutual understanding 00:06:16.660 --> 00:06:19.160 with his partners within it. 00:06:19.160 --> 00:06:22.060 His guardianship does not negate the presence of partners 00:06:22.060 --> 00:06:24.160 and those working in its various roles, 00:06:24.160 --> 00:06:26.490 nor does it erase their individuality. 00:06:26.490 --> 00:06:29.490 Furthermore, guardianship is a right granted to the man 00:06:29.490 --> 00:06:31.490 that is balanced by the obligation 00:06:31.490 --> 00:06:33.290 to spend financially on the home, 00:06:33.290 --> 00:06:36.389 protect it, and manage its affairs. 00:06:36.389 --> 00:06:38.589 In short, it is 00:06:38.589 --> 00:06:40.790 a guardianship inextricably tied to compassion, 00:06:40.790 --> 00:06:42.990 care, protection, 00:06:42.990 --> 00:06:44.490 and proper conduct 00:06:44.490 --> 00:06:46.490 toward the wife and children. 00:06:46.490 --> 00:06:48.990 It is a complementary relationship 00:06:48.990 --> 00:06:51.990 between man and woman; 00:06:51.990 --> 00:06:54.990 hence, it is a grave error to turn this relationship 00:06:54.990 --> 00:06:59.920 into one of conflict and antagonism. 00:06:59.920 --> 00:07:04.569 Polygyny and Justice Between Wives 00:07:04.569 --> 00:07:06.069 Allah has permitted men 00:07:06.069 --> 00:07:09.069 to marry up to four wives, 00:07:09.069 --> 00:07:12.069 stipulating justice between them as a condition for that. 00:07:12.069 --> 00:07:14.069 Allah Almighty says: 00:07:14.069 --> 00:07:18.069 “And if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans, marry of the women, who seem good to you, two or three or four; and if ye fear that ye cannot do justice (to so many) then one (only) or (the captives) that your right hands possess. Thus it is more likely that ye will not do injustice.” (4:3) 00:07:18.069 --> 00:07:21.069 ◁ ...two or three or four... ▷ 00:07:21.069 --> 00:07:24.069 “And if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans, marry of the women, who seem good to you, two or three or four; and if ye fear that ye cannot do justice (to so many) then one (only) or (the captives) that your right hands possess. Thus it is more likely that ye will not do injustice.” (4:3) 00:07:24.069 --> 00:07:27.069 ◁ ...or those your right hands possess... ▷ 00:07:27.069 --> 00:07:30.230 “And if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans, marry of the women, who seem good to you, two or three or four; and if ye fear that ye cannot do justice (to so many) then one (only) or (the captives) that your right hands possess. Thus it is more likely that ye will not do injustice.” (4:3) 00:07:30.230 --> 00:07:32.230 The required justice 00:07:32.230 --> 00:07:36.230 is justice in treatment, financial support, and companionship. 00:07:36.230 --> 00:07:39.730 As for justice in heart felt feelings and emotions, 00:07:39.730 --> 00:07:42.230 no one is held accountable for it, 00:07:42.230 --> 00:07:45.230 because it is beyond human capacity. 00:07:45.230 --> 00:07:49.230 This is what Allah referred to in the other verse: 00:07:49.230 --> 00:07:55.230 “Ye will not be able to deal equally between (your) wives, however much ye wish (to do so). But turn not altogether away (from one), leaving her as in suspense. If ye do good and keep from evil, lo! Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful.” (4:129) 00:07:55.230 --> 00:08:00.230 “Ye will not be able to deal equally between (your) wives, however much ye wish (to do so). But turn not altogether away (from one), leaving her as in suspense. If ye do good and keep from evil, lo! Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful.” (4:129) 00:08:00.230 --> 00:08:07.389 So let no one attempt to use this verse as proof for prohibiting polygyny, 00:08:07.389 --> 00:08:11.389 for that would be pitting verses of the Book against one another 00:08:11.389 --> 00:08:15.389 and applying them to meanings for which they were not revealed. 00:08:15.389 --> 00:08:17.389 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) 00:08:17.389 --> 00:08:23.389 is the finest example of practicing justice among his wives in financial support and companionship. 00:08:23.389 --> 00:08:25.389 Yet despite this, 00:08:25.389 --> 00:08:28.389 all of his wives (may Allah be pleased with them) 00:08:28.389 --> 00:08:33.389 recognized his deep love for the Mother of the Believers, 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), 00:08:33.389 --> 00:08:37.389 and that he singled her out with a special heartfelt affection, 00:08:37.389 --> 00:08:40.389 without blaming him for that. 00:08:40.389 --> 00:08:45.220 The Importance of the Home and Family for the Muslim Child 00:08:45.220 --> 00:08:51.210 A child grows up gradually within a Muslim home and family, 00:08:51.210 --> 00:08:58.210 receiving during that time an ample store of love, cooperation, mutual support, and constructive care. 00:08:58.210 --> 00:09:04.210 He experiences the mother's tenderness and affection, alongside the father's guardianship and protection, 00:09:04.210 --> 00:09:08.210 observing the mutual love and mercy between them. 00:09:08.210 --> 00:09:14.370 Consequently, he grows up balanced, upright, and sound in his natural disposition and emotions. 00:09:14.370 --> 00:09:18.370 As for the child deprived of this natural nurture, 00:09:18.370 --> 00:09:24.370 his upbringing becomes abnormal and distorted in many aspects of his life, 00:09:24.370 --> 00:09:30.370 no matter how many means of comfort and education are provided for him outside the family environment. 00:09:30.370 --> 00:09:34.399 The very first thing he loses is the sense of love and tenderness, 00:09:34.399 --> 00:09:42.399 because a child naturally longs to have his mother all to himself during the first two years of his life, 00:09:42.399 --> 00:09:49.399 in which he relies primarily on her and cannot bear to share her with anyone else. 00:09:49.399 --> 00:09:57.399 Children in orphanages and nurseries share the caregivers and nannies who look after them; 00:09:57.399 --> 00:10:05.399 in fact, caregivers alternate over them in shifts based on scheduled work hours, 00:10:05.399 --> 00:10:10.399 resulting in emotional disturbance and a disruption in the child's innate disposition, 00:10:10.399 --> 00:10:14.399 which may even cause children to harbor resentment toward one another. 00:10:14.399 --> 00:10:19.399 Furthermore, his lack of a single supervising authority 00:10:19.399 --> 00:10:23.399 leads to an unstable, unsettled personality. 00:10:23.399 --> 00:10:33.399 Indeed, public institutional child-care experiments reveal daily the profound wisdom in making the family the foundational building block of a healthy society— 00:10:33.399 --> 00:10:41.399 a society that Islam aims to establish on a sound basis aligned with human nature. 00:10:41.399 --> 00:10:47.299 The Family and Honoring the Rights of Parents and Relatives 00:10:47.299 --> 00:10:56.389 In a Muslim family, children should be raised to uphold the rights of parents and magnify their status, 00:10:56.389 --> 00:11:02.389 as the command to honor them is paired with the command to worship Allah alone in monotheism. 00:11:02.389 --> 00:11:08.450 “And serve Allah. Ascribe no thing as partner unto Him. (Show) kindness unto parents, and unto near kindred, and orphans, and the needy, and unto the neighbour who is of kin (unto you) and the neighbour who is not of kin, and the fellow-traveller and the wayfarer and (the slaves) whom your right hands possess. Lo! Allah loveth not such as are proud and boastful,” (4:36) 00:11:08.450 --> 00:11:12.480 Indeed, doing good is not restricted to parents alone— 00:11:12.480 --> 00:11:16.480 even though it takes precedence over all other forms of goodness— 00:11:16.480 --> 00:11:24.480 but extends to all relatives, neighbors, orphans, the needy, and so forth. 00:11:24.480 --> 00:11:26.480 The remainder of the verse states: 00:11:27.480 --> 00:11:38.480 ◁ ...and to parents do good, and to relatives, orphans, the needy, the near neighbor, the neighbor farther away, the companion at your side, the traveler, and those your right hands possess... ▷ 00:11:38.480 --> 00:11:43.480 “And serve Allah. Ascribe no thing as partner unto Him. (Show) kindness unto parents, and unto near kindred, and orphans, and the needy, and unto the neighbour who is of kin (unto you) and the neighbour who is not of kin, and the fellow-traveller and the wayfarer and (the slaves) whom your right hands possess. Lo! Allah loveth not such as are proud and boastful,” (4:36) 00:11:43.480 --> 00:11:52.580 The end of the verse indicates that neglecting these duties and falling short in them is a form of boastfulness, arrogance, and pride. 00:11:52.580 --> 00:12:00.639 Honoring the rights of parents is not confined to the period of living with them in a single family and household. 00:12:00.639 --> 00:12:06.639 Rather, when a son or daughter grows up and marries, 00:12:06.639 --> 00:12:11.639 separating from the parents to form an independent family, 00:12:11.639 --> 00:12:14.639 and the parents grow old and advanced in age, 00:12:14.639 --> 00:12:20.639 at that stage, dutifulness and care toward them become even more paramount, and neglecting them is strictly forbidden. 00:12:20.639 --> 00:12:22.639 Almighty Allah says: 00:12:22.639 --> 00:12:28.639 “Thy Lord hath decreed, that ye worship none save Him, and (that ye show) kindness to parents. If one of them or both of them attain old age with thee, say not "Fie" unto them nor repulse them, but speak unto them a gracious word.” (17:23) 00:12:28.639 --> 00:12:37.639 “Thy Lord hath decreed, that ye worship none save Him, and (that ye show) kindness to parents. If one of them or both of them attain old age with thee, say not "Fie" unto them nor repulse them, but speak unto them a gracious word.” (17:23) 00:12:37.639 --> 00:12:41.639 “Thy Lord hath decreed, that ye worship none save Him, and (that ye show) kindness to parents. If one of them or both of them attain old age with thee, say not "Fie" unto them nor repulse them, but speak unto them a gracious word.” (17:23) 00:12:41.639 --> 00:12:44.639 “And lower unto them the wing of submission through mercy, and say: My Lord! Have mercy on them both as they did care for me when I was little.” (17:24) 00:12:44.639 --> 00:12:49.639 “And lower unto them the wing of submission through mercy, and say: My Lord! Have mercy on them both as they did care for me when I was little.” (17:24) 00:12:49.639 --> 00:12:54.799 Thus, a son should not become preoccupied by his new family and responsibilities to the neglect of his parents. 00:12:54.799 --> 00:12:59.919 The primary role of a Muslim woman 00:12:59.919 --> 00:13:06.240 Islamic law has designated a woman's primary role to be taking care of her husband's home, 00:13:06.240 --> 00:13:09.240 as the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:13:09.240 --> 00:13:12.240 "And the woman is a guardian over her husband's house, 00:13:12.240 --> 00:13:15.240 and she is responsible for her charge." 00:13:15.240 --> 00:13:17.240 Agreed upon. 00:13:18.240 --> 00:13:25.340 Indeed, the true essence of a home and tranquility is only realized when the woman creates it by spreading tenderness, affection, 00:13:25.340 --> 00:13:27.340 and proper upbringing within it— 00:13:27.340 --> 00:13:31.340 unlike the woman who works outside the home, 00:13:31.340 --> 00:13:36.340 who brings back nothing but exhaustion, fatigue, and burnout. 00:13:36.340 --> 00:13:41.340 While necessity may permit a woman to work outside her home, 00:13:41.340 --> 00:13:46.340 it often leads to disastrous consequences regarding domestic peace and stability— 00:13:46.340 --> 00:13:50.340 something from which working women suffer in the disbelieving West 00:13:50.340 --> 00:13:53.340 as well as in our contemporary societies. 00:13:53.340 --> 00:13:57.370 Therefore, a woman should not work outside her home 00:13:57.370 --> 00:14:01.370 except within the bounds of necessity and pressing need. 00:14:01.370 --> 00:14:05.879 The safety and security of the home and family 00:14:05.879 --> 00:14:10.419 Islam aims to foster peace within the home, 00:14:10.419 --> 00:14:14.419 while simultaneously addressing the individual conscience 00:14:14.419 --> 00:14:17.419 and human society at large; 00:14:17.419 --> 00:14:20.419 for all these are interconnected links 00:14:20.419 --> 00:14:23.419 bound together in mutual influence. 00:14:23.419 --> 00:14:27.419 To foster this peace, Islam has guaranteed several measures 00:14:27.419 --> 00:14:31.419 and urged their implementation within the Muslim home. 00:14:31.419 --> 00:14:34.419 Among these, first: 00:14:34.419 --> 00:14:39.419 The marital bond must be based on mutual consent, 00:14:39.419 --> 00:14:42.419 without coercing either party into it, 00:14:42.419 --> 00:14:44.419 especially the woman. 00:14:44.419 --> 00:14:47.419 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:14:47.419 --> 00:14:50.419 "A virgin is not to be married until her permission is sought, 00:14:50.419 --> 00:14:53.419 nor a previously married woman until her consent is obtained." 00:14:53.419 --> 00:14:57.419 It was asked, "O Messenger of Allah, how is her permission given?" 00:14:57.419 --> 00:15:00.419 He replied, "If she remains silent." 00:15:00.419 --> 00:15:02.710 Narrated by al-Bukhari. 00:15:02.710 --> 00:15:05.710 In order for this consent to be genuine, 00:15:05.710 --> 00:15:10.710 both prospective spouses should see each other before marriage. 00:15:10.710 --> 00:15:12.710 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said 00:15:12.710 --> 00:15:16.710 to al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah when he intended to marry: 00:15:16.710 --> 00:15:18.710 "Look at her, 00:15:18.710 --> 00:15:21.710 for it is more likely to foster love and harmony between you." 00:15:21.710 --> 00:15:24.710 Narrated by at-Tirmidhi, an-Nasa'i, and Ahmad, 00:15:24.710 --> 00:15:27.899 and authenticated by al-Albani. 00:15:27.899 --> 00:15:29.899 Second: 00:15:29.899 --> 00:15:33.899 Marriage must also be publicized and witnessed; 00:15:33.899 --> 00:15:36.899 it must not take place in secret as if it were a crime, 00:15:36.899 --> 00:15:39.899 as occurs in temporary marriage (mut'ah). 00:15:39.899 --> 00:15:42.899 There must be an explicit offer and acceptance, 00:15:42.899 --> 00:15:45.899 witnessed by witnesses, 00:15:45.899 --> 00:15:49.899 so as to eliminate any doubt regarding the legitimacy of this union. 00:15:49.899 --> 00:15:52.059 Third: 00:15:52.059 --> 00:15:57.059 Marriage must be contracted with the intention of permanence, not temporary duration, 00:15:57.059 --> 00:15:59.059 so that it does not become a mut'ah marriage, 00:15:59.059 --> 00:16:05.320 whose purpose is not to build a Muslim family or a Muslim home. 00:16:05.320 --> 00:16:06.320 Fourth: 00:16:06.320 --> 00:16:12.409 Islam emphasizes the concept of tranquility, love, and mercy between spouses. 00:16:12.409 --> 00:16:13.409 Fifth: 00:16:13.409 --> 00:16:19.409 It assigns the responsibility of guardianship (qawamah) to the man so he can properly manage this partnership. 00:16:19.409 --> 00:16:20.570 Sixth: 00:16:20.570 --> 00:16:26.600 It designates the woman's primary role as taking care of her husband's house. 00:16:26.600 --> 00:16:27.600 Seventh: 00:16:27.600 --> 00:16:30.600 Islam forbids display of adornment (tabarruj) and the free mixing of sexes, 00:16:30.600 --> 00:16:35.600 to prevent any temptation between men and women— 00:16:35.600 --> 00:16:40.600 including married women and married men— 00:16:40.600 --> 00:16:43.600 when they meet with so-called male or female work colleagues. 00:16:43.600 --> 00:16:47.600 A man might find his female colleague elegant, beautified, and revealingly dressed, 00:16:47.600 --> 00:16:53.600 whereas he does not see her in her true, natural domestic state as he sees his own wife. 00:16:53.600 --> 00:16:59.600 Allah Almighty said to women: 00:16:59.600 --> 00:17:02.600 "And do not display your finery like the displaying of the former days of ignorance." 00:17:02.600 --> 00:17:06.599 He commanded them to wear the hijab, and commanded both men and women to lower their gaze 00:17:06.599 --> 00:17:12.599 to prevent temptation between them. 00:17:12.599 --> 00:17:15.599 Conversely, a woman should adorn herself at home for her husband 00:17:15.599 --> 00:17:21.599 and not neglect her appearance, so as to keep her husband chaste 00:17:21.599 --> 00:17:25.599 and prevent him from being repelled by her or looking elsewhere 00:17:25.599 --> 00:17:28.599 outside his lawful family bond. 00:17:28.599 --> 00:17:31.599 Eighth: 00:17:31.599 --> 00:17:33.990 Islamic law accords privacy and sanctity to homes, 00:17:33.990 --> 00:17:35.990 making it obligatory to seek permission before entering them. 00:17:35.990 --> 00:17:38.990 Allah Almighty says: 00:17:38.990 --> 00:17:40.990 ▷ O you who have believed, do not enter houses other than your own houses until you ascertain welcome and greet their inhabitants. ◁ 00:17:40.990 --> 00:17:45.990 “O ye who believe! Enter not houses other than your own without first announcing your presence and invoking peace upon the folk thereof. That is better for you, that ye may be heedful.” (24:27) 00:17:45.990 --> 00:17:49.990 “O ye who believe! Enter not houses other than your own without first announcing your presence and invoking peace upon the folk thereof. That is better for you, that ye may be heedful.” (24:27) 00:17:49.990 --> 00:17:53.990 “O ye who believe! Enter not houses other than your own without first announcing your presence and invoking peace upon the folk thereof. That is better for you, that ye may be heedful.” (24:27) 00:17:55.210 --> 00:17:56.210 Ninth: 00:17:56.210 --> 00:17:58.210 It forbids spying on homes 00:17:58.210 --> 00:18:02.210 and looking inside to uncover private affairs. 00:18:02.210 --> 00:18:03.210 Allah Almighty says: 00:18:03.210 --> 00:18:05.210 "And do not spy." 00:18:05.210 --> 00:18:08.210 And the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:18:08.210 --> 00:18:11.210 "If someone looks into a people's house without their permission, 00:18:11.210 --> 00:18:13.210 and they gouge out his eye, 00:18:13.210 --> 00:18:15.210 no penalty or retaliation is incurred." 00:18:15.210 --> 00:18:17.210 Narrated by Abu Dawud, 00:18:17.210 --> 00:18:19.210 and authenticated by al-Albani. 00:18:19.210 --> 00:18:21.440 Tenth: 00:18:21.440 --> 00:18:23.440 It commands the safeguarding of private parts and privacy, 00:18:23.440 --> 00:18:26.440 even among members of the same household— 00:18:26.440 --> 00:18:28.440 even if they are children— 00:18:28.440 --> 00:18:30.440 excluding none 00:18:30.440 --> 00:18:33.500 except spouses between themselves. 00:18:33.500 --> 00:18:35.500 Allah Almighty says: 00:18:35.500 --> 00:18:38.500 “O ye who believe! Let your slaves, and those of you who have not come to puberty, ask leave of you at three times (before they come into your presence): Before the prayer of dawn, and when ye lay aside your raiment for the heat of noon, and after the prayer of night. Three times of privacy for you. It is no sin for them or for you at other times, when some of you go round attendant upon others (if they come into your presence without leave). Thus Allah maketh clear the revelations for you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (24:58) 00:18:38.500 --> 00:18:40.500 ▷ ...those whom your right hands possess... ◁ 00:18:40.500 --> 00:18:45.500 “O ye who believe! Let your slaves, and those of you who have not come to puberty, ask leave of you at three times (before they come into your presence): Before the prayer of dawn, and when ye lay aside your raiment for the heat of noon, and after the prayer of night. Three times of privacy for you. It is no sin for them or for you at other times, when some of you go round attendant upon others (if they come into your presence without leave). Thus Allah maketh clear the revelations for you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (24:58) 00:18:45.500 --> 00:18:47.500 “O ye who believe! Let your slaves, and those of you who have not come to puberty, ask leave of you at three times (before they come into your presence): Before the prayer of dawn, and when ye lay aside your raiment for the heat of noon, and after the prayer of night. Three times of privacy for you. It is no sin for them or for you at other times, when some of you go round attendant upon others (if they come into your presence without leave). Thus Allah maketh clear the revelations for you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (24:58) 00:18:47.500 --> 00:18:51.500 “O ye who believe! Let your slaves, and those of you who have not come to puberty, ask leave of you at three times (before they come into your presence): Before the prayer of dawn, and when ye lay aside your raiment for the heat of noon, and after the prayer of night. Three times of privacy for you. It is no sin for them or for you at other times, when some of you go round attendant upon others (if they come into your presence without leave). Thus Allah maketh clear the revelations for you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (24:58) 00:18:51.500 --> 00:18:54.500 “O ye who believe! Let your slaves, and those of you who have not come to puberty, ask leave of you at three times (before they come into your presence): Before the prayer of dawn, and when ye lay aside your raiment for the heat of noon, and after the prayer of night. Three times of privacy for you. It is no sin for them or for you at other times, when some of you go round attendant upon others (if they come into your presence without leave). Thus Allah maketh clear the revelations for you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (24:58) 00:18:54.500 --> 00:18:56.500 ▷ ...three times of privacy for you... ◁ 00:18:56.500 --> 00:19:01.500 ▷ ...There is no blame upon you nor upon them after these [times]... ◁ 00:19:01.500 --> 00:19:05.500 “O ye who believe! Let your slaves, and those of you who have not come to puberty, ask leave of you at three times (before they come into your presence): Before the prayer of dawn, and when ye lay aside your raiment for the heat of noon, and after the prayer of night. Three times of privacy for you. It is no sin for them or for you at other times, when some of you go round attendant upon others (if they come into your presence without leave). Thus Allah maketh clear the revelations for you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (24:58) 00:19:05.500 --> 00:19:08.500 ▷ ...Thus does Allah make clear to you the verses... ◁ 00:19:08.500 --> 00:19:11.500 ▷ ...and Allah is Knowing and Wise. ◁ 00:19:11.500 --> 00:19:14.500 “And when the children among you come to puberty then let them ask leave even as those before them used to ask it. Thus Allah maketh clear His revelations for you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (24:59) 00:19:14.500 --> 00:19:18.500 “And when the children among you come to puberty then let them ask leave even as those before them used to ask it. Thus Allah maketh clear His revelations for you. Allah is Knower, Wise.” (24:59) 00:19:18.500 --> 00:19:21.500 ▷ ...Thus does Allah make clear to you His verses... ◁ 00:19:21.500 --> 00:19:24.500 ▷ ...and Allah is Knowing and Wise. ◁ 00:19:24.500 --> 00:19:26.660 Eleventh: 00:19:26.660 --> 00:19:28.660 It commands justice between co-wives, 00:19:28.660 --> 00:19:32.660 so that every wife lives secure from injustice, 00:19:32.660 --> 00:19:37.660 as well as justice among children in gifts and treatment. 00:19:37.660 --> 00:19:40.660 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:19:40.660 --> 00:19:43.660 "Fear Allah and be just among your children." 00:19:43.660 --> 00:19:45.660 Agreed upon. 00:19:45.660 --> 00:19:47.720 Twelfth: 00:19:47.720 --> 00:19:49.720 Even divorce— 00:19:49.720 --> 00:19:52.720 which seemingly appears to disrupt family harmony— 00:19:52.720 --> 00:19:55.720 is, in reality, a means of security and peace 00:19:55.720 --> 00:19:58.720 when living together becomes impossible between spouses, 00:19:58.720 --> 00:20:03.720 and the children are negatively impacted by this strained living situation. 00:20:03.720 --> 00:20:05.720 However, for divorce 00:20:05.720 --> 00:20:08.720 to serve as a means of security and peace, 00:20:08.720 --> 00:20:12.720 its execution must abide by sacred legal rulings: 00:20:12.720 --> 00:20:14.720 it must be the last resort, 00:20:14.720 --> 00:20:17.720 after attempts at reconciliation between both parties, 00:20:17.720 --> 00:20:20.720 including sending an arbitrator from each family 00:20:20.720 --> 00:20:23.720 to try to reconcile them. 00:20:23.720 --> 00:20:25.720 If that ultimately fails, 00:20:25.720 --> 00:20:28.720 then divorce becomes necessary, 00:20:28.720 --> 00:20:30.720 while maintaining honorable treatment 00:20:30.720 --> 00:20:32.720 between both parties and their families. 00:20:32.720 --> 00:20:34.759 Thirteenth: 00:20:34.759 --> 00:20:36.759 Most importantly, above all the aforementioned points, 00:20:36.759 --> 00:20:40.759 to ensure the security and peace of the Muslim home, 00:20:40.759 --> 00:20:42.759 is preserving the integrity of faith 00:20:42.759 --> 00:20:45.759 and noble character among family members, 00:20:45.759 --> 00:20:48.759 commanding them to obey Allah and protecting them 00:20:48.759 --> 00:20:52.819 from the causes of punishment in this life and the Hereafter. 00:20:52.819 --> 00:20:54.819 Allah Almighty says: 00:20:54.819 --> 00:20:56.819 "O you who have believed, 00:20:56.819 --> 00:21:04.779 protect yourselves and your families from a Fire whose fuel is people and stones." 00:21:04.779 --> 00:21:08.799 The evils found in homes 00:21:08.799 --> 00:21:11.799 arise from violating the aforementioned principles, 00:21:11.799 --> 00:21:13.799 particularly the last point; 00:21:13.799 --> 00:21:16.799 all of that constitutes objectionable evil within homes. 00:21:16.799 --> 00:21:18.799 In addition, there are practices 00:21:18.799 --> 00:21:21.799 that have currently spread in Muslim households, 00:21:21.799 --> 00:21:22.799 including: 00:21:22.799 --> 00:21:23.799 First: 00:21:23.799 --> 00:21:26.799 Laxity regarding depictions of animate beings, 00:21:26.799 --> 00:21:29.799 such as those found in illustrated magazines, 00:21:29.799 --> 00:21:32.799 especially women's magazines; 00:21:32.799 --> 00:21:36.799 this prevents angels from entering the home 00:21:36.799 --> 00:21:38.799 and deprives it of blessings. 00:21:38.799 --> 00:21:41.799 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:21:41.799 --> 00:21:46.799 "The angels do not enter a house in which there is a dog or pictures." 00:21:46.799 --> 00:21:48.799 Agreed upon. 00:21:48.799 --> 00:21:50.029 Second: 00:21:50.029 --> 00:21:54.029 Introducing uncensored television into homes, 00:21:54.029 --> 00:21:58.029 given the vast evil and great sin it contains 00:21:58.029 --> 00:22:00.029 that angers Allah Almighty. 00:22:00.029 --> 00:22:02.029 How many family members— 00:22:02.029 --> 00:22:04.029 male and female—have been corrupted 00:22:04.029 --> 00:22:06.029 because of this great evil, 00:22:06.029 --> 00:22:08.029 becoming lost and straying from the right path! 00:22:08.029 --> 00:22:11.029 So let the head of the household fear his Lord, 00:22:11.029 --> 00:22:15.029 and know that he will be held accountable for that on the Day of Resurrection. 00:22:15.029 --> 00:22:18.029 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:22:18.029 --> 00:22:23.029 "All of you are guardians, and each of you is responsible for his charge..." 00:22:23.029 --> 00:22:25.029 to the end of the hadith. 00:22:25.029 --> 00:22:26.029 Third: 00:22:26.029 --> 00:22:28.029 Employing foreign domestic workers, 00:22:28.029 --> 00:22:31.029 both male and female, in homes 00:22:31.029 --> 00:22:34.029 without observing the rules of hijab 00:22:34.029 --> 00:22:37.089 and without preventing free mixing between the sexes— 00:22:37.089 --> 00:22:41.089 a practice that has become widespread and rampant among Muslim families, 00:22:41.089 --> 00:22:44.089 even the families of preachers and practicing Muslims; 00:22:44.089 --> 00:22:48.089 there is no power nor strength except in Allah, the Most High, the Most Great. 00:22:48.089 --> 00:22:50.119 Fourth: 00:22:50.119 --> 00:22:52.119 Laxity regarding women's modesty 00:22:52.119 --> 00:22:55.119 within large extended family households 00:22:55.119 --> 00:22:58.119 comprising several families, 00:22:58.119 --> 00:23:02.119 where mixing freely among brothers and all their wives is common 00:23:02.119 --> 00:23:05.119 without adhering to the proper Islamic hijab. 00:23:05.119 --> 00:23:08.119 The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: 00:23:08.119 --> 00:23:11.119 "Beware of entering upon women." 00:23:11.119 --> 00:23:14.119 A man from the Ansar asked: 00:23:14.119 --> 00:23:17.119 "O Messenger of Allah, what about the in-law?" 00:23:17.119 --> 00:23:20.119 He replied: "The in-law is death." 00:23:20.119 --> 00:23:22.119 Agreed upon. 00:23:22.119 --> 00:23:29.119 This alone serves as a sufficient deterrent against mixing male in-laws and relatives in a single place. 00:23:29.119 --> 00:23:34.309 Contemporary issues threatening the Muslim family 00:23:34.309 --> 00:23:40.690 Among the dangerous issues threatening the Muslim family and home: 00:23:40.690 --> 00:23:42.690 First: 00:23:42.690 --> 00:23:44.690 The issue of women's liberation, 00:23:44.690 --> 00:23:50.690 an agenda championed by atheists, secularists, hypocrites, and their ilk, 00:23:50.690 --> 00:23:54.690 who claim they want women's freedom 00:23:54.690 --> 00:23:58.690 and their rescue from oppression and servitude. 00:23:58.690 --> 00:24:00.690 Yet the reality of their call 00:24:01.690 --> 00:24:05.690 They call on her to abandon the hijab and freely mix with men, 00:24:05.690 --> 00:24:08.690 branding this as the liberation of women. 00:24:08.690 --> 00:24:10.690 Yet they forget that Allah, Mighty and Majestic is He, 00:24:10.690 --> 00:24:14.690 is the One who guaranteed women's rights and honored her, 00:24:14.690 --> 00:24:18.690 as is abundantly clear throughout the Qur'an and Sunnah. 00:24:18.690 --> 00:24:23.690 What they advocate for is, in reality, the destruction of the family. 00:24:23.690 --> 00:24:25.849 Second, 00:24:25.849 --> 00:24:27.849 and even worse than the former, 00:24:27.849 --> 00:24:31.849 is what is currently known as the "independent woman." 00:24:31.849 --> 00:24:35.849 This is a movement championed by feminist organizations 00:24:35.849 --> 00:24:38.849 known as feminism. 00:24:38.849 --> 00:24:41.849 It goes beyond the mere concept of "women's liberation" 00:24:41.849 --> 00:24:45.849 by promoting the idea that a woman has no need for a man, 00:24:45.849 --> 00:24:49.849 advocating that she live independently in her own home, 00:24:49.849 --> 00:24:55.849 with no objection to her bringing home whichever lovers or paramours she wishes. 00:24:55.849 --> 00:24:58.849 She earns her own living, 00:24:58.849 --> 00:25:04.880 and possesses, by their claim, full rights and freedom to live however she pleases. 00:25:04.880 --> 00:25:10.880 Recently in America, a counter-feminist movement has emerged against this, 00:25:10.880 --> 00:25:16.880 calling women to return to their primary role in the home and raising children, 00:25:16.880 --> 00:25:22.170 which carries political influence in America today in particular. 00:25:22.170 --> 00:25:23.170 Third, 00:25:23.170 --> 00:25:25.170 and the most dangerous of all, 00:25:25.170 --> 00:25:30.170 is the widespread support currently given to homosexual men and women. 00:25:30.170 --> 00:25:34.170 They permit a woman to be satisfied with another woman, 00:25:34.170 --> 00:25:37.170 and a man with another man— 00:25:37.170 --> 00:25:39.170 which is the exact deed of the people of Lot, 00:25:39.170 --> 00:25:42.170 and a sufficient crime and indecency in itself. 00:25:42.170 --> 00:25:46.170 They advocate for them to live together in one household, 00:25:46.170 --> 00:25:49.170 claiming that this constitutes a family, 00:25:49.170 --> 00:25:54.170 and they deceptively label this group—to embellish their actions— 00:25:54.170 --> 00:25:56.170 as "homosexuals." 00:25:56.170 --> 00:25:59.170 In the West, they have enacted laws and regulations 00:25:59.170 --> 00:26:02.170 that legalize the marriage of a man to a man, 00:26:02.170 --> 00:26:04.170 and a woman to a woman. 00:26:04.170 --> 00:26:09.170 Indeed, it has escalated today to criminalizing anyone who opposes this, 00:26:09.170 --> 00:26:12.170 threatening them with severe sanctions. 00:26:12.170 --> 00:26:14.170 By Allah, 00:26:14.170 --> 00:26:18.170 this is the very essence of declaring lawful what is forbidden and legislating alongside Allah. 00:26:18.170 --> 00:26:21.170 So let the Muslims hold fast to their Divine Law, 00:26:22.170 --> 00:26:24.170 firmly reject these ideas, 00:26:24.170 --> 00:26:30.170 and await Allah's wrath, curse, and destruction upon anyone who permits such acts. 00:26:30.170 --> 00:26:33.170 “And he of Egypt who purchased him said unto his wife: Receive him honourably. Perchance he may prove useful to us or we may adopt him as a son. Thus we established Joseph in the land that We might teach him the interpretation of events. And Allah was predominant in His career, but most of mankind know not.” (12:21) 00:26:33.170 --> 00:26:36.170 "But most of mankind do not know."