In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Conclusion from Al-Tabari’s interpretation
It was summarized by Dr. Aqeel bin Salem Al-Shammar
Surah An-Nisa
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
God commands you to return trusts to their owners
And if you judge between people, you judge with justice
God is the best of what He protects you with
God is All-Hearing and All-Seeing
God commands you, O people, to undertake the affairs of the Muslims
To give back to them what your subjects have entrusted you with, of their rights, money, and charity, as God has commanded you.
Performing everything to whom it is his
He commands you, when you judge, to judge between them with justice and fairness
God is the best thing, and He protects you with it
God is still Hearer of what you say and utter
Considering what you do with regard to the rights and money you have entrusted to your subjects
None of this is hidden from him
So that He will reward your benefactor with his good deeds and your abuser with his evil deeds
O you who have believed, obey God and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you
If you dispute over anything, refer it to God and the Messenger if you believe in God and the Last Day
That is better and a better interpretation
O you who have believed, obey God, your Lord, in what He has commanded you and in what He has forbidden you
And obey His Messenger Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace
And obey those in authority among you, who are the princes and governors
If you differ, O believers, about anything regarding your religion
So they sought to know the ruling on that from the Book of God
If you do not find knowledge of that in the Book of God
So they sought to find out from the Messenger if he was alive
If he is dead, then what is his tradition?
Do this if you believe in God and the Day of Resurrection in which there is reward and punishment
Refer anything over which you dispute to God and the Messenger
It is better for you in the sight of God in your future, and more praiseworthy in your return and destination
Have you not seen those who claim to have believed?
With what was revealed to you and what was revealed before you, they want
They want to be judged by the tyrant
They were commanded to disbelieve in him
Satan wants to lead them astray
Have you not looked, O Muhammad, with your heart toward those who claim to be truthful?
With what has been revealed to you from the Book
And to those who claim to have believed in the Scriptures sent down before you
They want to arbitrate their dispute with those whom they venerate
They reject what he says and are satisfied with his ruling rather than the ruling of God
God commanded them to deny what the tyrant brought to them
Satan wants to repel these litigants
He will treat them with severe injustice
And when it is said to them, “Come to what God has revealed and to the Messenger.”
I saw the hypocrites turning away from you
And when it is said to them: Come to the judgment of God which He revealed in His Book
And to the Messenger to judge between us
I saw the hypocrites refraining from coming to you so that you could judge between them
And they prevent others from coming to you out of resistance
So what if a calamity befalls them due to what their hands have done?
Then they came to you swearing by God that we only wanted goodness and success
So what about those who want to refer to the tyrant for judgment?
If God's wrath befalls them for their past sins
Then they came to you swearing falsely and falsely by God
By resorting to it, we only wanted to be kind to one another
And what is correct is what we decided upon
Those are the ones whom God knows what is in their hearts, so turn away from them and admonish them and speak to them within their souls with eloquent patience
These are the hypocrites I described to you, O Muhammad
God knows the hypocrisy and deviance in their hearts
So leave them, and do not punish them in their bodies
But exhort them by frightening them, may God’s punishment befall them
He commanded them to fear God and believe in Him and His Messenger and His promise and threat
We did not send a messenger except to be obeyed, God willing
Even if, when they wronged themselves, they had come to you and asked God for forgiveness
And the Messenger asked forgiveness for them, and they would have found God Forgiving and Merciful
O Muhammad, we did not send a messenger except that obedience was imposed on whomever you sent him to
Even if these hypocrites wronged themselves by acquiring great sin
They came to you, O Muhammad, repentant and repentant
They asked God to forgive them for the punishment of their sin
His Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, asked them the same
They would find God returning them to what they love
He was merciful to them in abandoning their punishment for the sin they repented of
No, by your Lord, they will not believe until they make you judge in what is disputed between them
Then they will not find themselves embarrassed by what you have decided, and they will submit with complete submission
It is not as they claim that they believe in what was revealed to you
They are seeking judgment from the Ta'ut
By your Lord, O Muhammad, they do not believe in me, in you, or in what was revealed to you
Until they make you an arbitrator between them regarding their affairs
Then they will not find themselves distressed by what you have decreed
And they submit to your judgment and judgment, as they suffered from them in obedience
And in recognition of your prophethood
Even if We had decreed against them that they should kill yourselves
Or get expelled from your homes, which they did, except a few of them
If they had done what they preach, it would have been better for them and more steadfast
Even if we imposed it on those who claim to believe in what was revealed to you
To kill themselves
Or they leave their homes and migrate to another home
They did not kill themselves with their own hands
Nor did they emigrate from their homes in obedience to God and His Messenger
Except a few of them
Even if these hypocrites did what they are reminded of in terms of obedience to God
It would have been better for them in this world and in their future, and would have strengthened their faith
Then We would have given them a great reward from Us
And We will guide them to a straight path
If they had done what they preach, it would have been better for them
Then We would have given them a great reward from Us
If We had given them a path that would be difficult for them to follow, it is the upright religion of God
And whoever obeys God and the Messenger, those are with those upon whom God has bestowed blessings
Of the prophets, the truthful, the martyrs and the righteous
And those were good companions. That bounty is from God, and God is sufficient as Knower
Whoever obeys God and the Messenger by submitting to their command
He is with those whom God has blessed with His guidance, among His prophets and the truthful ones
He is everyone whose words are confirmed by his actions, and the martyrs who were killed for the sake of God and the righteous
He is everyone who has reformed his private and public affairs
These are good companions in Paradise. This is God’s gift to them and His grace upon them
And God is sufficient for the servants, who created them, knowing the obedience of the obedient among them and the disobedience of the disobedient
None of this is hidden from him
O you who have believed, take heed and flee firmly, or flee all together
O you who have believed God and His Messenger
Take your paradise and your weapons
So go out to your enemy, one group after another, armed
Or all of you go out with your Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, to fight them
And there are those among you who delay, and if a calamity befalls you, he says, “God has bestowed favor upon me.”
Because I was not a martyr with them
And among you, O believers
Who imitates you and appears to be of your religion
He is a hypocrite who slows down those of you who obey him from jihad against your enemy
If defeat befalls you, he will say, “God has bestowed upon me since I was not a martyr with them.”
I will suffer wounds, pain, or death
He is neither hoping for reward nor afraid of punishment
And if a bounty from God befalls you, they will say as if there was no affection between you and Him
I wish I had been with them and had won a great victory
And if God gives you victory over your enemy and you gain spoils from them
They will say, “This hypocritical one is slow, as if there was no affection between you and him.”
I wish I had been with them so that I could have won the spoils that were gained with them in a great victory
Envy of them
Their witnesses are wars seeking spoils
They do not hope for reward, nor do they fear punishment for falling behind