1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:03,540 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 2 00:00:03,540 --> 00:00:06,540 Ifadah Center 3 00:00:06,540 --> 00:00:09,740 for Humanities Studies and Research 4 00:00:09,740 --> 00:00:12,060 presents 5 00:00:12,060 --> 00:00:16,620 The Abridged Sahih al-Bukhari 6 00:00:17,710 --> 00:00:21,629 Chapter: A Woman Appointing an Agent for Marriage 7 00:00:21,629 --> 00:00:24,210 On the authority of Sahl Ibn Sa'd 8 00:00:24,210 --> 00:00:28,850 that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 9 00:00:28,850 --> 00:00:30,210 and said, 10 00:00:30,210 --> 00:00:31,890 "O Messenger of Allah, 11 00:00:32,049 --> 00:00:34,979 I have come to offer myself to you." 12 00:00:34,979 --> 00:00:36,420 In one narration: 13 00:00:36,420 --> 00:00:41,700 "She offered herself to Allah and His Messenger, peace be upon him." 14 00:00:41,700 --> 00:00:43,299 In another narration: 15 00:00:43,299 --> 00:00:45,780 A woman stood up and said, 16 00:00:45,780 --> 00:00:47,539 "O Messenger of Allah, 17 00:00:47,539 --> 00:00:50,500 she has offered herself to you, 18 00:00:50,500 --> 00:00:52,820 so decide regarding her as you see fit." 19 00:00:52,820 --> 00:00:54,979 He did not answer her anything. 20 00:00:54,979 --> 00:00:56,700 [He did this] three times. 21 00:00:56,700 --> 00:01:01,020 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, looked at her, 22 00:01:01,020 --> 00:01:04,299 casting his gaze up and down over her. 23 00:01:04,299 --> 00:01:06,750 Then he lowered his head. 24 00:01:06,750 --> 00:01:08,269 In one narration: 25 00:01:08,269 --> 00:01:09,549 He said, 26 00:01:09,549 --> 00:01:13,310 "I have no need for women today." 27 00:01:13,310 --> 00:01:18,670 When the woman saw that he had not decided anything regarding her, she sat down. 28 00:01:18,670 --> 00:01:21,870 A man from his Companions stood up and said, 29 00:01:21,870 --> 00:01:23,629 "O Messenger of Allah, 30 00:01:23,629 --> 00:01:26,109 if you have no need for her, 31 00:01:26,109 --> 00:01:28,140 then marry her to me." 32 00:01:28,140 --> 00:01:29,420 He said, 33 00:01:29,579 --> 00:01:31,739 "Do you have anything?" 34 00:01:31,739 --> 00:01:33,099 In one narration: 35 00:01:33,099 --> 00:01:34,859 "To give her as a dowry?" 36 00:01:34,859 --> 00:01:36,060 He said, 37 00:01:36,060 --> 00:01:38,930 "No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah." 38 00:01:38,930 --> 00:01:40,049 He said, 39 00:01:40,049 --> 00:01:44,209 "Go to your family and see if you can find anything." 40 00:01:44,209 --> 00:01:47,010 He went, then returned and said, 41 00:01:47,010 --> 00:01:49,489 "No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah, 42 00:01:49,489 --> 00:01:51,980 I did not find anything." 43 00:01:51,980 --> 00:01:53,500 In one narration: 44 00:01:53,500 --> 00:01:55,579 "Give her a garment." 45 00:01:55,579 --> 00:01:56,540 He said, 46 00:01:56,540 --> 00:01:58,319 "I do not have one." 47 00:01:58,319 --> 00:01:59,439 He said, 48 00:01:59,439 --> 00:02:02,640 "Look, even if it is a ring of iron." 49 00:02:02,640 --> 00:02:05,519 He went, then returned and said, 50 00:02:05,519 --> 00:02:07,920 "No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah, 51 00:02:07,920 --> 00:02:10,560 not even a ring of iron. 52 00:02:10,560 --> 00:02:13,360 But here is my lower garment (izar)." 53 00:02:13,360 --> 00:02:14,639 Sahl said, 54 00:02:14,639 --> 00:02:16,479 "He had no upper garment (rida')." 55 00:02:16,479 --> 00:02:18,379 "So she may have half of it." 56 00:02:18,379 --> 00:02:22,139 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, 57 00:02:22,139 --> 00:02:24,379 "What would she do with your lower garment? 58 00:02:24,379 --> 00:02:27,979 If you wear it, she will have nothing of it, 59 00:02:28,060 --> 00:02:31,699 and if she wears it, you will have nothing." 60 00:02:31,699 --> 00:02:34,979 The man sat until his sitting became long. 61 00:02:34,979 --> 00:02:36,580 Then he stood up. 62 00:02:36,580 --> 00:02:41,379 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saw him turning away, 63 00:02:41,379 --> 00:02:43,780 so he ordered that he be called back. 64 00:02:43,780 --> 00:02:45,460 When he came, 65 00:02:45,460 --> 00:02:46,580 he said, 66 00:02:46,580 --> 00:02:49,219 "What do you have of the Qur'an?" 67 00:02:49,219 --> 00:02:50,340 He said, 68 00:02:50,340 --> 00:02:54,900 "I have such-and-such surah and such-and-such surah," 69 00:02:54,900 --> 00:02:56,530 and he counted them. 70 00:02:56,530 --> 00:02:57,650 He said, 71 00:02:57,729 --> 00:03:00,610 "Do you recite them by heart?" 72 00:03:00,610 --> 00:03:02,210 He said, "Yes." 73 00:03:02,210 --> 00:03:03,330 He said, 74 00:03:03,330 --> 00:03:06,610 "Go, for I have given her to you in marriage." 75 00:03:06,610 --> 00:03:07,969 In one narration: 76 00:03:07,969 --> 00:03:10,050 "We have given her to you in marriage." 77 00:03:10,050 --> 00:03:11,490 In one narration: 78 00:03:11,490 --> 00:03:13,409 "I have married her to you." 79 00:03:13,409 --> 00:03:14,849 In one narration: 80 00:03:14,849 --> 00:03:17,009 "We have married her to you." 81 00:03:17,009 --> 00:03:18,610 In one narration: 82 00:03:18,610 --> 00:03:20,610 "I have given you her hand in marriage" 83 00:03:20,610 --> 00:03:24,219 for what you have of the Qur'an. 84 00:03:24,219 --> 00:03:27,650 Commentary on the hadith: 85 00:03:28,530 --> 00:03:31,009 It is said she was Khawlah Bint Hakim, 86 00:03:31,009 --> 00:03:33,150 and it is said it was someone else. 87 00:03:33,150 --> 00:03:35,069 "To offer myself to you" 88 00:03:35,069 --> 00:03:37,539 means for the purpose of marriage. 89 00:03:37,539 --> 00:03:39,939 "Casting his gaze up and down over her" 90 00:03:39,939 --> 00:03:41,460 means he raised it, 91 00:03:41,460 --> 00:03:42,740 "and down" 92 00:03:42,740 --> 00:03:44,180 means he lowered it. 93 00:03:44,180 --> 00:03:45,460 The intent is: 94 00:03:45,460 --> 00:03:48,259 he looked at her upper and lower parts. 95 00:03:48,259 --> 00:03:49,939 "Lowered his head" 96 00:03:49,939 --> 00:03:51,460 means he bowed it. 97 00:03:51,460 --> 00:03:52,900 "Did not decide" 98 00:03:52,900 --> 00:03:56,560 means he did not judge or finalize the decision regarding her. 99 00:03:56,560 --> 00:03:57,759 "Need" 100 00:03:57,759 --> 00:03:59,919 The intent of need here is: 101 00:03:59,919 --> 00:04:01,550 marriage. 102 00:04:01,550 --> 00:04:03,389 "Do you have anything?" 103 00:04:03,389 --> 00:04:06,620 means to give her as a dowry. 104 00:04:06,620 --> 00:04:07,740 "Look" 105 00:04:07,740 --> 00:04:09,340 means search. 106 00:04:09,340 --> 00:04:11,580 "Even if it is a ring of iron" 107 00:04:11,580 --> 00:04:15,020 is by way of exaggeration to show the minimum. 108 00:04:15,020 --> 00:04:16,300 "My lower garment (izar)" 109 00:04:16,300 --> 00:04:17,420 The izar 110 00:04:17,420 --> 00:04:21,100 is a garment that covers the lower half of the body. 111 00:04:21,100 --> 00:04:22,379 "Upper garment (rida')" 112 00:04:22,379 --> 00:04:23,500 The rida' 113 00:04:23,500 --> 00:04:27,410 is a garment that covers the upper half of the body. 114 00:04:27,410 --> 00:04:29,410 "Until his sitting became long" 115 00:04:29,410 --> 00:04:30,930 means waiting. 116 00:04:30,930 --> 00:04:32,209 The intent is: 117 00:04:32,209 --> 00:04:35,709 boredom and despair entered his soul. 118 00:04:35,709 --> 00:04:37,069 "Turning away" 119 00:04:37,069 --> 00:04:39,389 means going away, turning his back. 120 00:04:39,389 --> 00:04:41,790 "What do you have of the Qur'an?" 121 00:04:41,790 --> 00:04:44,829 means what do you memorize of the Qur'an? 122 00:04:44,829 --> 00:04:46,189 "Counted them" 123 00:04:46,189 --> 00:04:48,829 means mentioned and named them. 124 00:04:48,829 --> 00:04:49,839 "Fara" (in the text) 125 00:04:49,839 --> 00:04:51,389 means he looked. 126 00:04:51,389 --> 00:04:52,829 "To give her as a dowry" 127 00:04:52,829 --> 00:04:55,139 means to give her as a dowry. 128 00:04:55,139 --> 00:04:56,980 "Give her a garment" 129 00:04:57,060 --> 00:04:59,220 means as a dowry for her. 130 00:04:59,220 --> 00:05:01,779 "Do you recite them by heart?" 131 00:05:01,779 --> 00:05:04,819 means from your memory, not from looking [at a text]. 132 00:05:04,819 --> 00:05:06,500 "I have given her to you" 133 00:05:06,500 --> 00:05:09,060 means I have married her to you. 134 00:05:09,060 --> 00:05:11,379 "For what you have of the Qur'an" 135 00:05:11,379 --> 00:05:13,540 means as a dowry for her. 136 00:05:13,540 --> 00:05:17,259 From the benefits of the hadith: 137 00:05:17,259 --> 00:05:19,420 It is understood from the hadith: 138 00:05:19,420 --> 00:05:24,459 The permissibility of a woman offering herself to the Prophet, peace be upon him, 139 00:05:24,620 --> 00:05:28,699 and this is one of his specific characteristics, peace be upon him. 140 00:05:28,699 --> 00:05:33,019 And among the specific characteristics of the Prophet, peace be upon him, also 141 00:05:33,019 --> 00:05:39,540 is that it is permissible for him to take whomever he wishes from those who offered themselves to him without a dowry. 142 00:05:39,540 --> 00:05:42,100 The hadith is an argument for those who say 143 00:05:42,100 --> 00:05:45,550 that marriage is contracted with the word "gift" (hibah). 144 00:05:45,550 --> 00:05:51,579 It contains the legitimacy of a woman offering herself to a righteous man to marry her. 145 00:05:51,579 --> 00:05:56,779 It contains that there is no harm in proposing to someone who offered herself to another 146 00:05:56,779 --> 00:05:59,339 if the one offered to has explicitly refused, 147 00:05:59,339 --> 00:06:02,660 or if it is understood from the context of the situation. 148 00:06:02,660 --> 00:06:05,540 It contains the recommendation of specifying the dowry, 149 00:06:05,540 --> 00:06:09,459 because it is more effective in ending disputes and more beneficial for the woman. 150 00:06:09,459 --> 00:06:15,970 It contains the permissibility of a guardian or a ruler marrying off a woman to a man of limited means if she is satisfied with him. 151 00:06:15,970 --> 00:06:19,170 It contains the permissibility of wearing an iron ring. 152 00:06:19,329 --> 00:06:25,569 It contains the permissibility of looking at the woman one intends to marry, repeating the look, and contemplating her beauty. 153 00:06:25,569 --> 00:06:29,649 It contains the permissibility of marrying off a woman without asking 154 00:06:29,649 --> 00:06:32,540 whether she is in her waiting period (iddah) or not. 155 00:06:32,540 --> 00:06:38,740 The hadith contains an indication of the permissibility of taking payment for teaching the Qur'an. 156 00:06:38,740 --> 00:06:44,740 It contains that a gift does not enter the possession of the recipient except by acceptance. 157 00:06:44,740 --> 00:06:48,339 It contains the permissibility of swearing an oath without being asked to do so. 158 00:06:48,339 --> 00:06:51,540 It contains that there is no limit to the minimum of the dowry. 159 00:06:51,540 --> 00:06:55,139 And it provides guidance toward not being excessive in dowries. 160 00:06:55,139 --> 00:07:00,670 The hadith indicates that wealth is not a consideration in the matter of compatibility (kafa'ah). 161 00:07:00,670 --> 00:07:06,910 The hadith contains that everything for which it is permissible to take a wage can be a dowry. 162 00:07:06,910 --> 00:07:12,910 It contains that it is recommended for one who is asked for a need that he cannot fulfill 163 00:07:12,910 --> 00:07:16,750 to remain silent in a way that the requester understands, 164 00:07:16,750 --> 00:07:18,750 and not to shame him by refusing, 165 00:07:18,750 --> 00:07:22,750 unless understanding cannot be reached except by an explicit refusal, 166 00:07:22,750 --> 00:07:24,350 in which case he should be explicit. 167 00:07:24,350 --> 00:07:31,310 It contains the recommendation of hastening the dowry and delivering it to the wife. 168 00:07:31,310 --> 00:07:38,350 Chapter: If one appoints an agent and the agent leaves something out, but the principal approves it, it is valid. 169 00:07:38,350 --> 00:07:42,350 And if he lends it for a specified term, it is valid. 170 00:07:42,899 --> 00:07:46,660 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 171 00:07:46,660 --> 00:07:52,660 The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, appointed me to guard the zakat of Ramadan. 172 00:07:52,660 --> 00:07:56,660 Someone came and began to scoop up some of the food. 173 00:07:56,660 --> 00:07:58,660 I seized him and said, 174 00:07:58,660 --> 00:08:04,660 "By Allah, I will report you to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him." 175 00:08:04,660 --> 00:08:08,660 He said, "I am in need and have a family, 176 00:08:08,660 --> 00:08:10,660 and I have a pressing need." 177 00:08:10,660 --> 00:08:12,660 He said, 178 00:08:12,660 --> 00:08:14,660 "So I let him go." 179 00:08:15,660 --> 00:08:18,660 The Prophet, peace be upon him, said, 180 00:08:18,660 --> 00:08:20,660 "O Abu Hurayrah, 181 00:08:20,660 --> 00:08:23,660 what did your prisoner do last night?" 182 00:08:23,660 --> 00:08:24,660 He said, 183 00:08:24,660 --> 00:08:26,660 "I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, 184 00:08:26,660 --> 00:08:29,660 he complained of a pressing need and a family, 185 00:08:29,660 --> 00:08:32,659 so I had mercy on him and let him go.'" 186 00:08:32,659 --> 00:08:34,659 He said, 187 00:08:34,659 --> 00:08:36,659 "Indeed, he lied to you, 188 00:08:36,659 --> 00:08:38,659 and he will return." 189 00:08:38,659 --> 00:08:43,659 I knew that he would return because of the words of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 190 00:08:43,659 --> 00:08:45,659 that he would return. 191 00:08:45,659 --> 00:08:47,659 So I lay in wait for him. 192 00:08:47,659 --> 00:08:49,659 He came and began to scoop up some of the food. 193 00:08:49,659 --> 00:08:51,659 I seized him 194 00:08:51,659 --> 00:08:52,659 and said, 195 00:08:52,659 --> 00:08:56,659 "I will report you to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him." 196 00:08:56,659 --> 00:08:58,659 He said, 197 00:08:58,659 --> 00:09:01,659 "Let me go, for I am in need and have a family; 198 00:09:01,659 --> 00:09:03,659 I will not return." 199 00:09:03,659 --> 00:09:06,659 I felt pity for him, so I let him go. 200 00:09:06,659 --> 00:09:08,659 When morning came, 201 00:09:08,659 --> 00:09:12,659 the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said to me: 202 00:09:12,659 --> 00:09:14,659 "O Abu Hurayrah, 203 00:09:14,659 --> 00:09:16,659 what did your captive do?" 204 00:09:16,659 --> 00:09:17,659 I replied: 205 00:09:17,659 --> 00:09:19,659 "O Messenger of Allah, 206 00:09:19,659 --> 00:09:22,659 he complained of severe need and having dependents, 207 00:09:22,659 --> 00:09:25,659 so I felt pity for him and let him go." 208 00:09:25,659 --> 00:09:26,659 He said: 209 00:09:26,659 --> 00:09:29,659 "Indeed, he lied to you, 210 00:09:29,659 --> 00:09:31,659 and he will return." 211 00:09:31,659 --> 00:09:33,659 So I lay in wait for him a third time, 212 00:09:33,659 --> 00:09:35,659 and he came scooping up some food. 213 00:09:35,659 --> 00:09:36,659 I seized him 214 00:09:36,659 --> 00:09:37,659 and said: 215 00:09:37,659 --> 00:09:40,659 "I will certainly take you to the Messenger of Allah; 216 00:09:40,659 --> 00:09:42,659 this is the third and final time, 217 00:09:42,659 --> 00:09:44,659 as you claim you will not return, 218 00:09:44,659 --> 00:09:46,659 yet you keep coming back." 219 00:09:46,659 --> 00:09:47,659 He said: 220 00:09:47,659 --> 00:09:50,659 "Let me go, and I will teach you words 221 00:09:50,659 --> 00:09:52,690 by which Allah will benefit you." 222 00:09:52,690 --> 00:09:54,690 I asked, "What are they?" 223 00:09:54,690 --> 00:09:55,690 He said: 224 00:09:55,690 --> 00:09:57,690 "When you go to your bed, 225 00:09:57,690 --> 00:10:00,690 recite Ayat al-Kursi: 226 00:10:00,690 --> 00:10:04,690 ﴾Allah—there is no deity except Him, the Ever-Living, the Sustainer of [all] existence﴿ 227 00:10:04,690 --> 00:10:06,690 until you finish the verse. 228 00:10:06,690 --> 00:10:10,720 For there will always be a guardian from Allah over you, 229 00:10:10,720 --> 00:10:14,720 and no devil will approach you until morning." 230 00:10:14,720 --> 00:10:16,750 So I let him go. 231 00:10:16,750 --> 00:10:18,750 When morning came, 232 00:10:18,750 --> 00:10:22,750 the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said to me: 233 00:10:22,750 --> 00:10:25,750 "What did your captive do last night?" 234 00:10:25,750 --> 00:10:26,750 I replied: 235 00:10:26,750 --> 00:10:28,750 "O Messenger of Allah, 236 00:10:28,750 --> 00:10:30,750 he claimed he would teach me words 237 00:10:30,750 --> 00:10:32,750 by which Allah would benefit me, 238 00:10:32,750 --> 00:10:34,750 so I let him go." 239 00:10:34,750 --> 00:10:35,750 He asked: 240 00:10:35,750 --> 00:10:36,750 "What are they?" 241 00:10:36,750 --> 00:10:37,750 I said: 242 00:10:37,750 --> 00:10:39,750 "He told me: 243 00:10:39,750 --> 00:10:41,750 'When you go to your bed, 244 00:10:41,750 --> 00:10:43,750 recite Ayat al-Kursi 245 00:10:43,750 --> 00:10:46,750 from the beginning until you finish the verse: 246 00:10:46,750 --> 00:10:51,779 ﴾Allah—there is no deity except Him, the Ever-Living, the Sustainer of [all] existence﴿ 247 00:10:51,779 --> 00:10:52,779 and he said to me: 248 00:10:52,779 --> 00:10:55,779 'There will always be a guardian from Allah over you, 249 00:10:55,779 --> 00:10:59,779 and no devil will approach you until morning.'" 250 00:10:59,779 --> 00:11:03,779 They were the most eager of all people for goodness. 251 00:11:03,779 --> 00:11:07,820 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 252 00:11:07,820 --> 00:11:09,820 "Indeed, he told you the truth, 253 00:11:09,820 --> 00:11:11,820 even though he is a habitual liar. 254 00:11:11,820 --> 00:11:14,820 Do you know whom you have been speaking with for the past three nights, 255 00:11:14,820 --> 00:11:16,820 O Abu Hurayrah?" 256 00:11:16,820 --> 00:11:17,820 I said, "No." 257 00:11:17,820 --> 00:11:18,820 He said: 258 00:11:18,820 --> 00:11:21,820 "That was a devil." 259 00:11:21,820 --> 00:11:26,129 Commentary on the hadith: 260 00:11:26,129 --> 00:11:27,129 "He entrusted me" 261 00:11:27,129 --> 00:11:30,129 meaning, he made me a guard to protect the zakat. 262 00:11:30,129 --> 00:11:33,190 "With the protection of the zakat of Ramadan" 263 00:11:33,190 --> 00:11:36,190 meaning, guarding the Sadaqat al-Fitr. 264 00:11:36,190 --> 00:11:38,320 "Then someone came to me" 265 00:11:38,320 --> 00:11:40,320 meaning, in the form of a man. 266 00:11:40,320 --> 00:11:42,320 "Scooping up some food" 267 00:11:42,320 --> 00:11:44,320 meaning, gathering the food with his hands 268 00:11:44,320 --> 00:11:47,320 and putting it into his container to take it. 269 00:11:47,320 --> 00:11:49,379 "I seized him" 270 00:11:49,379 --> 00:11:51,379 meaning, I caught him and held him. 271 00:11:51,379 --> 00:11:53,419 "I will certainly take you" 272 00:11:53,419 --> 00:11:55,419 meaning, I will take you to complain 273 00:11:55,419 --> 00:12:00,419 and bring you before the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 274 00:12:00,419 --> 00:12:02,419 so that he may judge your case. 275 00:12:02,419 --> 00:12:04,419 "And I have dependents" 276 00:12:04,419 --> 00:12:07,419 meaning, I am burdened with the support of dependents. 277 00:12:07,419 --> 00:12:08,419 It has been said: 278 00:12:08,419 --> 00:12:12,419 that he only took it for poor families among the jinn. 279 00:12:12,419 --> 00:12:14,639 "And I have a severe need" 280 00:12:14,639 --> 00:12:18,639 meaning, I am a person in need and in extreme poverty. 281 00:12:18,639 --> 00:12:20,669 "So I let him go" 282 00:12:20,669 --> 00:12:22,669 meaning, I let him leave. 283 00:12:22,669 --> 00:12:24,740 "Last night" 284 00:12:24,740 --> 00:12:26,740 refers to the previous day. 285 00:12:26,740 --> 00:12:27,740 "I lay in wait for him" 286 00:12:27,740 --> 00:12:29,740 meaning, I watched for his arrival. 287 00:12:29,740 --> 00:12:30,830 "You claim" 288 00:12:30,830 --> 00:12:31,830 "You claim" 289 00:12:31,830 --> 00:12:32,830 meaning, you say. 290 00:12:32,830 --> 00:12:34,830 "You will not return" 291 00:12:34,830 --> 00:12:36,830 meaning, you will not return to stealing. 292 00:12:36,830 --> 00:12:38,899 "Yet you return" 293 00:12:38,899 --> 00:12:39,899 meaning, you come back. 294 00:12:39,899 --> 00:12:41,899 The intent is: 295 00:12:41,899 --> 00:12:43,899 to emphasize the devil's lying. 296 00:12:43,899 --> 00:12:45,990 "Let me go" 297 00:12:45,990 --> 00:12:47,990 meaning, leave me and clear my path. 298 00:12:47,990 --> 00:12:49,990 "By which Allah will benefit you" 299 00:12:49,990 --> 00:12:51,990 The aspect of the benefit: 300 00:12:51,990 --> 00:12:53,990 protection from the devils. 301 00:12:53,990 --> 00:12:55,990 "You go" 302 00:12:55,990 --> 00:12:58,059 meaning, you come to. 303 00:12:58,059 --> 00:13:00,059 ﴾Allah—there is no deity except Him﴿ 304 00:13:00,059 --> 00:13:03,059 meaning, there is no deity worshipped in truth except Him. 305 00:13:03,059 --> 00:13:05,059 "The Ever-Living" 306 00:13:05,059 --> 00:13:07,059 meaning, He who possesses perfect life. 307 00:13:07,059 --> 00:13:09,120 "The Sustainer" 308 00:13:09,120 --> 00:13:11,120 He is the One who exists by Himself 309 00:13:11,120 --> 00:13:13,220 and sustains all others. 310 00:13:13,220 --> 00:13:14,220 "Guardian" 311 00:13:14,220 --> 00:13:16,220 from protection and preservation. 312 00:13:16,220 --> 00:13:18,220 "So I let him go" 313 00:13:18,220 --> 00:13:20,220 meaning, I released him. 314 00:13:20,220 --> 00:13:21,220 "He claimed" 315 00:13:21,220 --> 00:13:23,220 meaning, he mentioned and said. 316 00:13:23,220 --> 00:13:24,220 "They were" 317 00:13:24,220 --> 00:13:27,220 meaning, the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them. 318 00:13:27,220 --> 00:13:29,220 "Even though he is a habitual liar" 319 00:13:29,220 --> 00:13:31,220 The intent: 320 00:13:31,220 --> 00:13:33,220 the essence of the devil is lying. 321 00:13:33,220 --> 00:13:35,250 So lying is a habit for him. 322 00:13:35,250 --> 00:13:37,250 "Whom you have been speaking with" 323 00:13:37,250 --> 00:13:39,250 meaning, whom you have been dialoguing and talking to. 324 00:13:39,250 --> 00:13:41,570 Among the benefits of 325 00:13:41,570 --> 00:13:44,429 the hadith: 326 00:13:44,429 --> 00:13:46,429 It is derived from the hadith: 327 00:13:46,429 --> 00:13:48,429 the permissibility of collecting Zakat al-Fitr 328 00:13:48,429 --> 00:13:50,429 before the night of Eid al-Fitr, 329 00:13:50,429 --> 00:13:52,429 and appointing someone to guard it, 330 00:13:52,429 --> 00:13:54,529 and distributing it. 331 00:13:54,529 --> 00:13:56,529 It also contains the permissibility of seeing a devil 332 00:13:56,529 --> 00:13:58,529 in the form of a human or otherwise. 333 00:13:58,529 --> 00:14:00,529 It also shows that it is possible for the jinn 334 00:14:00,529 --> 00:14:02,529 to speak the language of humans, 335 00:14:02,529 --> 00:14:04,529 and their tongue. 336 00:14:04,529 --> 00:14:06,529 It also shows that the jinn 337 00:14:06,529 --> 00:14:08,529 eat and steal. 338 00:14:08,529 --> 00:14:10,529 It also shows that the essence of the devils is 339 00:14:10,529 --> 00:14:12,529 lying, 340 00:14:12,529 --> 00:14:14,529 but a liar may sometimes tell the truth, 341 00:14:14,529 --> 00:14:16,529 though that is rare. 342 00:14:16,529 --> 00:14:18,529 The hadith is one of the signs of Prophethood, 343 00:14:18,529 --> 00:14:20,529 due to his saying, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: 344 00:14:20,529 --> 00:14:22,529 "What did 345 00:14:22,529 --> 00:14:24,529 your captive do last night?" 346 00:14:24,529 --> 00:14:26,529 The hadith also contains an indication of 347 00:14:26,529 --> 00:14:28,529 accepting the excuse of a thief 348 00:14:28,529 --> 00:14:30,529 before his case is raised to the ruler. 349 00:14:30,529 --> 00:14:32,529 It also shows that it is permissible 350 00:14:32,529 --> 00:14:34,529 to call someone an agent (wakil) 351 00:14:34,529 --> 00:14:36,529 if they are appointed to guard something. 352 00:14:36,529 --> 00:14:38,529 It also contains an explanation of 353 00:14:38,529 --> 00:14:40,529 the virtue of Ayat al-Kursi, 354 00:14:40,529 --> 00:14:42,529 and that it repels the devil 355 00:14:42,529 --> 00:14:44,590 from the one who recites it. 356 00:14:44,590 --> 00:14:46,590 The hadith also shows that the devil has 357 00:14:46,590 --> 00:14:48,590 a share of those who neglect 358 00:14:48,590 --> 00:14:50,590 the remembrance of Allah, the Exalted, before sleeping. 359 00:14:50,590 --> 00:14:52,590 It also contains an indication 360 00:14:52,590 --> 00:14:54,590 of the permissibility of seeking knowledge 361 00:14:54,590 --> 00:14:56,720 to act upon it. 362 00:14:56,720 --> 00:14:58,720 It also shows that a believer 363 00:14:58,720 --> 00:15:00,720 may be deceived by mentions of weakness and poverty, 364 00:15:00,720 --> 00:15:02,720 because Abu Hurayrah, 365 00:15:02,720 --> 00:15:03,720 may Allah be pleased with him, 366 00:15:03,720 --> 00:15:05,850 was deceived by the mention of poverty. 367 00:15:05,850 --> 00:15:07,850 The hadith is evidence 368 00:15:07,850 --> 00:15:09,850 that if 369 00:15:09,850 --> 00:15:11,850 a person of falsehood speaks a word of truth, 370 00:15:11,850 --> 00:15:13,850 it is accepted from him 371 00:15:13,850 --> 00:15:15,850 and not rejected simply because 372 00:15:15,850 --> 00:15:17,980 he was the one who said it. 373 00:15:17,980 --> 00:15:19,980 The hadith also contains an indication 374 00:15:19,980 --> 00:15:21,980 of the desirability of comforting the poor 375 00:15:21,980 --> 00:15:24,009 and the weak, 376 00:15:24,009 --> 00:15:26,009 and that the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, 377 00:15:26,009 --> 00:15:28,009 were the most eager of people for goodness. 378 00:15:28,009 --> 00:15:30,009 It also contains protection 379 00:15:30,009 --> 00:15:32,009 from the devil by adhering to 380 00:15:32,009 --> 00:15:34,009 daily litanies and remembrances 381 00:15:34,009 --> 00:15:36,009 prescribed by the Shari'ah. 382 00:15:36,009 --> 00:15:38,009 It also contains an encouragement for the litanies of sleep. 383 00:15:38,009 --> 00:15:40,009 The hadith 384 00:15:40,009 --> 00:15:42,009 contains an indication of the condemnation of theft. 385 00:15:42,009 --> 00:15:45,990 Chapter: If an agent 386 00:15:45,990 --> 00:15:47,990 sells something defective, 387 00:15:47,990 --> 00:15:50,409 his sale is void. 388 00:15:50,409 --> 00:15:52,409 On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, 389 00:15:52,409 --> 00:15:54,409 may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 390 00:15:54,409 --> 00:15:56,409 Bilal came to the Prophet, 391 00:15:56,409 --> 00:15:58,409 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 392 00:15:58,409 --> 00:16:00,440 with Barni dates. 393 00:16:00,440 --> 00:16:02,440 The Prophet, 394 00:16:02,440 --> 00:16:04,440 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said to him: 395 00:16:04,440 --> 00:16:06,440 "Where is this from?" 396 00:16:06,440 --> 00:16:08,440 Bilal said: 397 00:16:08,440 --> 00:16:10,440 We had some inferior dates. 398 00:16:10,440 --> 00:16:12,440 We sold two sa' of them for one sa' of better quality. 399 00:16:12,440 --> 00:16:14,440 So that we might feed the Prophet, 400 00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:16,440 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 401 00:16:16,440 --> 00:16:18,440 The Prophet, 402 00:16:18,440 --> 00:16:20,440 peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said, 403 00:16:20,440 --> 00:16:22,440 upon that: 404 00:16:22,440 --> 00:16:34,440 "This is the essence of usury! This is the essence of usury! Do not do this. Rather, if you wish to buy, sell your dates for another currency, then buy [the better dates] with it." 405 00:16:34,440 --> 00:16:37,919 Commentary on the hadith: 406 00:16:37,919 --> 00:16:49,500 "Barnī dates" are a type of yellow, round date, and they are among the finest. Where did this [inferior] date come from? 407 00:16:49,500 --> 00:17:00,500 "Inferior dates" means dates that are not of good quality; it is also said they were spoiled. "Two sa'": the sa' is a measure equivalent to 2.5 kilograms. 408 00:17:00,500 --> 00:17:11,559 "Oh, oh" is an expression used when complaining or feeling sorrow. "The essence of usury" means this transaction is usury itself. 409 00:17:11,559 --> 00:17:14,849 From the benefits of the hadith: 410 00:17:14,849 --> 00:17:23,619 One learns from the hadith the prohibition of usury and the gravity of the matter, and it contains the teaching of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 411 00:17:23,619 --> 00:17:31,619 on how to avoid usury: by selling the item for dirhams, then purchasing that item with those dirhams. 412 00:17:31,619 --> 00:17:40,680 It also indicates that all dates, despite their different varieties, are of a single category, so it is not permissible to have disparity in their exchange. 413 00:17:40,680 --> 00:17:48,680 It also shows that invalid sales must be rescinded, and it teaches kindness to oneself and giving it its due right. 414 00:17:48,680 --> 00:17:58,660 Chapter: Agency in Waqf (endowment), its maintenance, and that one may feed a friend and eat from it in a reasonable manner. 415 00:17:58,660 --> 00:18:06,660 On the authority of Ibn 'Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, that 'Umar, in one narration, acquired land in Khaybar. 416 00:18:06,660 --> 00:18:12,700 He gave it as charity from his wealth during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 417 00:18:12,700 --> 00:18:16,700 It was called Thamgh, and it was a date palm orchard. 418 00:18:16,700 --> 00:18:23,700 'Umar said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have acquired wealth that is precious to me, 419 00:18:23,700 --> 00:18:26,700 and I wish to give it as charity." 420 00:18:26,700 --> 00:18:31,730 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said, "Give its principal as charity." 421 00:18:31,730 --> 00:18:37,730 In one narration: "If you wish, you may withhold its principal and give its produce as charity." 422 00:18:37,730 --> 00:18:40,789 It shall not be sold, nor gifted, nor inherited. 423 00:18:41,789 --> 00:18:43,789 But its fruit is to be spent. 424 00:18:43,789 --> 00:18:46,819 So 'Umar gave it as charity. 425 00:18:46,819 --> 00:18:52,819 His charity was for the sake of Allah, for the freeing of slaves, and for the poor. 426 00:18:52,819 --> 00:18:58,819 In one narration: for the destitute, the guest, the wayfarer, and relatives. 427 00:18:58,819 --> 00:19:03,819 There is no blame upon the one who manages it if he eats from it in a reasonable manner, 428 00:19:03,819 --> 00:19:07,819 or feeds his friend, without seeking to accumulate wealth from it. 429 00:19:07,819 --> 00:19:11,920 In one narration: "without seeking to amass wealth." 430 00:19:11,920 --> 00:19:15,920 Ibn 'Umar used to manage 'Umar's charity. 431 00:19:15,920 --> 00:19:19,920 He would gift it to people from the people of Makkah who used to stay with him. 432 00:19:25,069 --> 00:19:29,069 "In a reasonable manner" means according to what is customary among agents. 433 00:19:29,069 --> 00:19:33,170 Thamgh is a place facing Madinah. 434 00:19:33,170 --> 00:19:37,200 There was property there belonging to 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him. 435 00:19:37,200 --> 00:19:41,200 "Acquired" means I obtained it and it entered my possession. 436 00:19:41,200 --> 00:19:45,230 "Precious" means the finest and most admired wealth I possess. 437 00:19:45,230 --> 00:19:49,359 "For the freeing of slaves" refers to those under a contract of manumission (mukātabūn). 438 00:19:49,359 --> 00:19:54,359 Something from the endowment is given to them to free their necks. 439 00:19:54,359 --> 00:19:59,420 "The wayfarer" is one who has wealth in a land but cannot reach it. 440 00:19:59,420 --> 00:20:03,420 So he is in need of travel expenses to his home. 441 00:20:03,420 --> 00:20:06,460 "No blame" means no sin. 442 00:20:06,460 --> 00:20:10,460 "The one who manages it" means the one who takes charge of the endowment's affairs. 443 00:20:10,460 --> 00:20:14,460 "Without seeking to accumulate wealth from it" means his eating and feeding others 444 00:20:14,460 --> 00:20:17,460 should not be for the purpose of amassing wealth. 445 00:20:17,460 --> 00:20:20,460 Rather, it should not exceed what is customary. 446 00:20:20,460 --> 00:20:24,460 "Without amassing" means without hoarding. 447 00:20:27,549 --> 00:20:33,130 One benefits from the hadith that people are bound by their conditions in their endowments. 448 00:20:33,130 --> 00:20:37,130 It also encourages hospitality and rewarding the guest. 449 00:20:37,130 --> 00:20:40,130 It also indicates that it is not permissible to sell an endowment. 450 00:20:40,130 --> 00:20:44,130 It also indicates the recommendation of consulting people of virtue and righteousness 451 00:20:44,130 --> 00:20:47,130 in matters and paths of goodness. 452 00:20:47,130 --> 00:20:51,980 Chapter: Agency in Legal Punishments (Hudud). 453 00:20:51,980 --> 00:20:57,269 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah and Zayd ibn Khalid al-Juhani, may Allah be pleased with them both, 454 00:20:57,269 --> 00:20:59,269 that they said: 455 00:20:59,269 --> 00:21:04,269 A man from the Bedouin came to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 456 00:21:04,269 --> 00:21:07,269 and said, "O Messenger of Allah, 457 00:21:07,269 --> 00:21:11,269 I adjure you by Allah to judge between us according to the Book of Allah." 458 00:21:11,269 --> 00:21:15,269 The other opponent, who was more learned than him, said, 459 00:21:15,269 --> 00:21:19,269 "Yes, judge between us according to the Book of Allah, 460 00:21:19,269 --> 00:21:21,269 and grant me permission to speak." 461 00:21:21,269 --> 00:21:25,269 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said, 462 00:21:25,269 --> 00:21:30,269 "Speak." He said, "My son was an employee for this man, 463 00:21:30,269 --> 00:21:33,269 and he committed adultery with his wife. 464 00:21:33,269 --> 00:21:36,269 I was informed that my son deserves to be stoned. 465 00:21:36,269 --> 00:21:40,269 So I ransomed him with one hundred sheep and a slave girl." 466 00:21:40,269 --> 00:21:42,299 Then I asked the people of knowledge, 467 00:21:42,299 --> 00:21:47,299 and they informed me that my son deserves one hundred lashes and banishment for a year, 468 00:21:47,299 --> 00:21:50,299 and that this man's wife deserves to be stoned." 469 00:21:50,299 --> 00:21:54,299 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said, 470 00:21:54,299 --> 00:21:56,299 "By Him in Whose hand is my soul, 471 00:21:56,299 --> 00:22:00,299 I will surely judge between you according to the Book of Allah. 472 00:22:00,299 --> 00:22:02,299 The slave girl and the sheep are to be returned to you, 473 00:22:02,299 --> 00:22:06,299 and your son shall receive one hundred lashes and banishment for a year. 474 00:22:06,299 --> 00:22:09,339 Go, O Unays, to this man's wife, 475 00:22:09,339 --> 00:22:12,339 and if she confesses, then stone her." 476 00:22:12,339 --> 00:22:16,430 He said: So he went to her and she confessed, 477 00:22:16,430 --> 00:22:20,430 and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, ordered her, 478 00:22:20,430 --> 00:22:22,430 and she was stoned. 479 00:22:22,430 --> 00:22:25,849 Commentary on the hadith: 480 00:22:25,849 --> 00:22:29,420 "Bedouin" means the inhabitants of the desert. 481 00:22:29,420 --> 00:22:32,549 "I adjure you" means I ask you. 482 00:22:32,549 --> 00:22:34,549 "Judge for me according to the Book of Allah" 483 00:22:34,549 --> 00:22:38,549 means according to what the Book of Allah contains regarding judgment. 484 00:22:38,549 --> 00:22:41,549 It is also said: according to the decree of Allah. 485 00:22:41,549 --> 00:22:45,619 "More learned than him" means more knowledgeable and understanding. 486 00:22:45,619 --> 00:22:48,619 "Employee" means a hired worker. 487 00:22:48,619 --> 00:22:52,619 "I ransomed" means I saved my son with a ransom. 488 00:22:52,619 --> 00:22:55,619 "Slave girl" means a female servant. 489 00:22:55,619 --> 00:23:00,619 "People of knowledge" refers to the Companions who used to issue legal rulings. 490 00:23:00,619 --> 00:23:03,619 "They informed me" means they taught me. 491 00:23:03,619 --> 00:23:05,619 "Banishment": 492 00:23:05,619 --> 00:23:10,619 Banishment is exile from the land where the crime occurred. 493 00:23:10,619 --> 00:23:13,710 "Slave girl" means a female servant. 494 00:23:13,710 --> 00:23:16,710 "Returned" means returned to you. 495 00:23:16,710 --> 00:23:19,710 "Go" means depart. 496 00:23:19,710 --> 00:23:24,710 "Unays" is Unays ibn al-Dahhak al-Aslami, may Allah be pleased with him. 497 00:23:24,710 --> 00:23:28,779 "He went to her" means he walked to her. 498 00:23:29,779 --> 00:23:32,779 "She confessed" means she admitted. 499 00:23:32,779 --> 00:23:35,900 From the benefits of the hadith: 500 00:23:35,900 --> 00:23:38,579 One benefits from the hadith: 501 00:23:38,579 --> 00:23:42,579 The permissibility of delaying a judgment until the next day for a valid reason. 502 00:23:42,579 --> 00:23:46,579 It also establishes the principle that the claimant is the first to speak, 503 00:23:46,579 --> 00:23:50,579 and the one seeking judgment has the right to speak first. 504 00:23:50,579 --> 00:23:55,579 It also shows that the questioner should be polite in asking and in requesting permission to speak. 505 00:23:55,579 --> 00:23:58,579 It also shows the legitimacy of hiring (ijarah). 506 00:23:59,579 --> 00:24:03,049 On the authority of 'Uqbah ibn al-Harith, 507 00:24:03,049 --> 00:24:08,049 that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was brought Nu'ayman, 508 00:24:08,049 --> 00:24:11,049 or the son of Nu'ayman, while he was drunk. 509 00:24:11,049 --> 00:24:13,049 It was difficult for him, 510 00:24:13,049 --> 00:24:16,049 and he ordered those in the house to strike him. 511 00:24:16,049 --> 00:24:19,049 So they struck him with palm branches and sandals. 512 00:24:19,049 --> 00:24:22,049 And I was among those who struck him. 513 00:24:25,210 --> 00:24:27,559 "Brought" means he was brought. 514 00:24:27,559 --> 00:24:29,559 "With palm branches": 515 00:24:29,559 --> 00:24:30,559 The palm branch 516 00:24:30,559 --> 00:24:33,559 is the stalk of the palm tree without the leaves. 517 00:24:33,559 --> 00:24:36,660 "Sandals" means footwear. 518 00:24:36,660 --> 00:24:39,880 From the benefits of the hadith: 519 00:24:39,880 --> 00:24:42,519 One benefits from the hadith: 520 00:24:42,519 --> 00:24:47,519 That the execution of legal punishments is for the Imam and those whom the Imam appoints, 521 00:24:47,519 --> 00:24:50,519 to prevent chaos and establish justice. 522 00:24:50,519 --> 00:24:54,519 It also shows that the punishment for drinking is the lightest of the legal punishments. 523 00:24:54,519 --> 00:24:58,630 Book of Sharecropping (Muzara'ah). 524 00:24:58,630 --> 00:25:03,859 Sharecropping is a contract for cultivation in exchange for a portion of the produce. 525 00:25:03,859 --> 00:25:09,680 Chapter: The virtue of planting and sowing if one eats from it. 526 00:25:09,680 --> 00:25:14,029 On the authority of Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 527 00:25:14,029 --> 00:25:18,029 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said, 528 00:25:18,029 --> 00:25:21,029 "There is no Muslim who plants a plant, 529 00:25:21,029 --> 00:25:23,029 or sows a crop, 530 00:25:23,029 --> 00:25:27,029 and a bird, a human, or an animal eats from it, 531 00:25:27,029 --> 00:25:30,029 but it will be a charity for him." 532 00:25:30,029 --> 00:25:33,539 Commentary on the hadith: 533 00:25:33,539 --> 00:25:35,960 "Plants a plant" 534 00:25:35,960 --> 00:25:38,960 such as fruit trees and the like. 535 00:25:38,960 --> 00:25:40,960 "Sows a crop" 536 00:25:40,960 --> 00:25:43,960 such as wheat, barley, and the like. 537 00:25:43,960 --> 00:25:46,990 "Animal" means any beast. 538 00:25:46,990 --> 00:25:49,990 "Charity" means reward and recompense. 539 00:25:49,990 --> 00:25:53,279 From the benefits of the hadith: 540 00:25:53,279 --> 00:25:56,950 The hadith is an argument for those who say 541 00:25:56,950 --> 00:25:59,950 that agriculture is the best of earnings. 542 00:25:59,950 --> 00:26:04,019 It also shows that the reward resulting from acts of righteousness in the Hereafter 543 00:26:04,019 --> 00:26:07,019 is exclusive to the Muslim, not the disbeliever. 544 00:26:07,019 --> 00:26:10,079 It also encourages the cultivation of the earth. 545 00:26:10,079 --> 00:26:16,099 Chapter: What is warned against regarding the consequences of being preoccupied with farming tools, 546 00:26:16,099 --> 00:26:19,099 or exceeding the limit that was commanded. 547 00:26:19,099 --> 00:26:22,670 On the authority of Abu Umamah al-Bahili, 548 00:26:22,670 --> 00:26:25,670 who saw a plowshare and some farming tools, 549 00:26:25,670 --> 00:26:27,670 and said: 550 00:26:27,670 --> 00:26:31,670 I heard the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say, 551 00:26:31,670 --> 00:26:34,670 "This does not enter the house of a people, 552 00:26:34,670 --> 00:26:38,380 but Allah will cause humiliation to enter it." 553 00:26:38,380 --> 00:26:41,660 Commentary on the hadith: 554 00:26:41,660 --> 00:26:44,660 "Plowshare" is an iron tool used for plowing. 555 00:26:44,660 --> 00:26:47,789 "Allah will cause humiliation to enter it" 556 00:26:47,789 --> 00:26:50,789 if they neglect their rights and abandon jihad. 557 00:26:50,789 --> 00:26:54,079 From the benefits of the hadith: 558 00:26:54,079 --> 00:26:57,779 One benefits from the hadith: 559 00:26:57,779 --> 00:27:00,779 To be wary of the consequences of being preoccupied with farming tools, 560 00:27:00,779 --> 00:27:03,779 and that is if one becomes so occupied with it that he neglects an obligation, 561 00:27:03,779 --> 00:27:06,819 or commits a forbidden act. 562 00:27:06,819 --> 00:27:09,819 The hadith is evidence that for apparent wealth, 563 00:27:09,819 --> 00:27:12,819 its dues must be paid to the authorities. 564 00:27:18,900 --> 00:27:21,900 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 565 00:27:21,900 --> 00:27:24,900 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said, 566 00:27:24,900 --> 00:27:27,900 "Whoever keeps a dog, 567 00:27:27,900 --> 00:27:30,900 his deeds will decrease by a qirat every day, 568 00:27:30,900 --> 00:27:33,900 except for a dog for farming or livestock." 569 00:27:33,900 --> 00:27:37,119 In one narration: 570 00:27:37,119 --> 00:27:40,119 "Except for a dog for sheep, farming, or hunting." 571 00:27:40,119 --> 00:27:43,410 And on the authority of al-Sa'ib ibn Yazid, 572 00:27:43,410 --> 00:27:46,410 that he heard Sufyan ibn Abi Zuhayr, 573 00:27:46,410 --> 00:27:49,410 a man from the Azd Shanu'ah tribe, 574 00:27:49,410 --> 00:27:52,410 and he was one of the Companions of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 575 00:27:52,410 --> 00:27:55,410 say: 576 00:27:55,410 --> 00:27:58,410 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 577 00:27:58,410 --> 00:28:01,410 say: "Whoever keeps a dog 578 00:28:01,410 --> 00:28:04,410 that is not for farming or livestock, 579 00:28:04,410 --> 00:28:07,410 a qirat of his deeds will decrease every day." 580 00:28:07,410 --> 00:28:10,470 I said, "Did you 581 00:28:10,470 --> 00:28:13,470 hear this from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him?" 582 00:28:13,470 --> 00:28:16,470 He said, 583 00:28:16,470 --> 00:28:19,980 "By the Lord of this mosque." 584 00:28:19,980 --> 00:28:23,460 Commentary on the hadith: 585 00:28:23,460 --> 00:28:26,460 "Keeps" means whoever adopts or possesses. 586 00:28:26,460 --> 00:28:29,500 "Qirat": the intended meaning of qirat 587 00:28:29,500 --> 00:28:32,500 here is a measure of reward 588 00:28:32,500 --> 00:28:35,589 known to Allah the Almighty. 589 00:28:35,589 --> 00:28:38,589 "Livestock" means sheep for guarding them. 590 00:28:38,589 --> 00:28:41,690 "Azd Shanu'ah" 591 00:28:41,690 --> 00:28:44,690 is a famous tribe. "Not for" 592 00:28:44,690 --> 00:28:47,690 means he does not benefit 593 00:28:47,690 --> 00:28:50,690 from it, nor for "livestock," 594 00:28:50,690 --> 00:28:53,880 which is a metonymy for cattle. 595 00:28:53,880 --> 00:28:57,490 The benefits of the hadith. 596 00:28:57,490 --> 00:29:00,490 One may derive from this hadith: 597 00:29:00,490 --> 00:29:03,490 The encouragement to increase one’s righteous deeds, 598 00:29:03,490 --> 00:29:06,490 And a warning against those actions which, if committed, 599 00:29:06,490 --> 00:29:09,490 Result in a diminution of one’s reward. 600 00:29:09,490 --> 00:29:12,490 Furthermore, the hadith serves as evidence for those who argue 601 00:29:12,490 --> 00:29:15,490 That the Prophet’s (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) attention 602 00:29:15,490 --> 00:29:18,490 To these specific benefits 603 00:29:18,490 --> 00:29:21,490 Is proof of the permissibility of utilizing them for any purpose, 604 00:29:21,490 --> 00:29:24,490 Provided that the purpose is a legitimate one.