1 00:00:00,780 --> 00:00:09,779 *Riyad al-Salihin* (The Meadows of the Righteous) from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 2 00:00:09,779 --> 00:00:19,410 Chapter: Kindness to Orphans, Daughters, the Weak, the Poor, and the Downcast, 3 00:00:19,410 --> 00:00:27,410 Showing benevolence to them, treating them with compassion, humility, and lowering the wing of humility for them. 4 00:00:27,410 --> 00:00:30,940 Allah Almighty said: 5 00:00:30,940 --> 00:00:34,100 "And lower your wing to the believers." 6 00:00:34,100 --> 00:00:36,100 And He Almighty said: 7 00:00:36,100 --> 00:00:43,100 “Restrain thyself along with those who cry unto their Lord at morn and evening, seeking His Countenance; and let not thine eyes overlook them, desiring the pomp of the life of the world; and obey not him whose heart We have made heedless of Our remembrance, who followeth his own lust and whose case hath been abandoned.” (18:28) 8 00:00:43,100 --> 00:00:49,100 “Restrain thyself along with those who cry unto their Lord at morn and evening, seeking His Countenance; and let not thine eyes overlook them, desiring the pomp of the life of the world; and obey not him whose heart We have made heedless of Our remembrance, who followeth his own lust and whose case hath been abandoned.” (18:28) 9 00:00:49,100 --> 00:00:51,229 And He Almighty said: 10 00:00:51,229 --> 00:00:54,229 “Therefor the orphan oppress not,” (93:9) 11 00:00:54,229 --> 00:00:58,229 “Therefor the beggar drive not away,” (93:10) 12 00:00:58,229 --> 00:01:00,259 And He Almighty said: 13 00:01:01,299 --> 00:01:04,299 “Hast thou observed him who belieth religion?” (107:1) 14 00:01:04,299 --> 00:01:08,299 "For that is the one who drives away the orphan," 15 00:01:08,299 --> 00:01:12,299 "And does not encourage the feeding of the poor." 16 00:01:12,299 --> 00:01:18,959 On the authority of Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 17 00:01:18,959 --> 00:01:23,959 "We were six persons along with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 18 00:01:23,959 --> 00:01:28,959 The polytheists said to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: 19 00:01:28,959 --> 00:01:33,959 'Drive these men away, lest they dare to sit as our equals.' 20 00:01:33,959 --> 00:01:42,019 Those present were myself, Ibn Mas'ud, a man from Hudhayl, Bilal, and two other men whom I shall not name. 21 00:01:42,019 --> 00:01:49,019 There occurred in the soul of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) whatever Allah willed should occur, 22 00:01:49,019 --> 00:01:51,019 and he debated the matter within himself. 23 00:01:51,019 --> 00:01:54,019 Then Allah Almighty revealed: 24 00:01:54,019 --> 00:02:01,150 “Repel not those who call upon their Lord at morn and evening, seeking His Countenance. Thou art not accountable for them in aught, nor are they accountable for thee in aught, that thou shouldst repel them and be of the wrong-doers.” (6:52) 25 00:02:01,150 --> 00:02:03,150 Related by Muslim. 26 00:02:03,150 --> 00:02:07,049 'There occurred in the soul of the Messenger of Allah': 27 00:02:07,049 --> 00:02:10,050 Meaning the thought of turning them away temporarily so they might remain firm, 28 00:02:10,050 --> 00:02:13,050 out of an earnest desire to bring the leaders of polytheism to Islam. 29 00:02:13,050 --> 00:02:17,969 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 30 00:02:17,969 --> 00:02:22,969 The people of disbelief and hypocrisy look upon others only with arrogance. 31 00:02:22,969 --> 00:02:28,969 They desire to distinguish themselves from others in speech, standing, sitting, 32 00:02:28,969 --> 00:02:31,639 and in every posture and movement. 33 00:02:31,639 --> 00:02:36,639 The poor and the downtrodden are indeed the foremost pioneers, 34 00:02:36,639 --> 00:02:38,639 and they are the true followers of the prophets. 35 00:02:38,639 --> 00:02:44,819 One must strictly avoid harming the righteous and doing that which angers them. 36 00:02:44,819 --> 00:02:49,819 Islam and faith are never the private reserve of any segment of creation, 37 00:02:49,819 --> 00:02:54,819 such that one turns away whomever among Allah's servants he pleases and admits whomever he pleases. 38 00:02:54,819 --> 00:02:58,400 Islam is a universal call. 39 00:02:58,400 --> 00:03:02,400 No person has superiority over another except by virtue of piety. 40 00:03:02,400 --> 00:03:07,979 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, exercised personal judgment (ijtihad); 41 00:03:07,979 --> 00:03:12,979 if he ever erred, he was corrected immediately by divine revelation, 42 00:03:12,979 --> 00:03:16,550 and he was never left to persist in an error. 43 00:03:16,550 --> 00:03:19,550 There is no favoritism for anyone in the religion of Allah; 44 00:03:19,550 --> 00:03:24,129 whoever errs has his mistake corrected. 45 00:03:24,129 --> 00:03:27,129 The end does not justify the means: 46 00:03:27,129 --> 00:03:29,129 as long as the end is legitimate, 47 00:03:29,129 --> 00:03:33,129 the means must likewise be legitimate. 48 00:03:33,129 --> 00:03:36,129 For the means share the same ruling as the ends, 49 00:03:36,129 --> 00:03:42,379 and the One who legislated the end did not neglect the means. 50 00:03:42,379 --> 00:03:46,379 On the authority of Abu Hubayrah, 'A'idh ibn 'Amr al-Muzani, 51 00:03:46,379 --> 00:03:50,379 who was among the participants of the Pledge of Ridwan (may Allah be pleased with him): 52 00:03:50,379 --> 00:03:57,500 Abu Sufyan passed by Salman, Suhayb, and Bilal while they were in a gathering of people. 53 00:03:57,500 --> 00:04:03,500 They said, "The swords of Allah have not yet taken their full due from the enemy of Allah!" 54 00:04:03,500 --> 00:04:06,539 Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 55 00:04:06,539 --> 00:04:11,539 "Do you say this to the elder and chieftain of the Quraysh?" 56 00:04:11,539 --> 00:04:15,539 He then went to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and informed him. 57 00:04:15,539 --> 00:04:18,540 The Prophet said: "O Abu Bakr, 58 00:04:18,540 --> 00:04:20,540 perhaps you have angered them? 59 00:04:20,540 --> 00:04:25,540 For if you have angered them, you have indeed angered your Lord." 60 00:04:25,540 --> 00:04:27,540 So Abu Bakr went to them and said: 61 00:04:27,540 --> 00:04:31,540 "O my brothers, have I angered you?" 62 00:04:31,540 --> 00:04:33,540 They replied, "No, 63 00:04:33,540 --> 00:04:36,540 may Allah forgive you, our dear brother." 64 00:04:36,540 --> 00:04:38,660 Related by Muslim. 65 00:04:38,660 --> 00:04:41,889 Their statement, "have not taken their full due": 66 00:04:41,889 --> 00:04:44,889 Meaning they did not claim their complete right from him. 67 00:04:44,889 --> 00:04:48,329 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 68 00:04:48,329 --> 00:04:53,519 It is commendable to wage psychological warfare against the enemies of Allah 69 00:04:53,519 --> 00:04:56,519 in order to shatter their morale. 70 00:04:56,519 --> 00:05:01,899 It is permissible to object to anyone who transgresses the rights of other servants of Allah. 71 00:05:01,899 --> 00:05:06,610 One must seek the love of the believers and treat them with gentleness. 72 00:05:06,610 --> 00:05:09,180 Brothers in faith 73 00:05:09,180 --> 00:05:13,180 interpret each other's words in the most charitable light, 74 00:05:13,180 --> 00:05:16,180 and they actively seek excuses for one another. 75 00:05:17,180 --> 00:05:20,699 Harming the righteous is waging war against Allah, 76 00:05:20,699 --> 00:05:24,209 as stated in the Hadith of the Devout Ally (Wali). 77 00:05:24,209 --> 00:05:29,209 The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) were deeply vigilant against incurring Allah's displeasure, 78 00:05:29,209 --> 00:05:32,209 swift to repent and return to the truth, 79 00:05:32,209 --> 00:05:36,209 and never persistent in falsehood. 80 00:05:36,209 --> 00:05:41,230 On the authority of Sahl ibn Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 81 00:05:41,230 --> 00:05:45,230 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 82 00:05:45,230 --> 00:05:49,230 "I and the sponsor of an orphan will be in Paradise like this," 83 00:05:49,230 --> 00:05:53,230 and he indicated with his index and middle fingers, 84 00:05:53,230 --> 00:05:55,230 slightly separating them. 85 00:05:55,230 --> 00:05:58,420 Related by al-Bukhari. 86 00:05:58,420 --> 00:06:02,420 "The sponsor of an orphan" is the one who tends to the orphan's affairs. 87 00:06:02,420 --> 00:06:08,740 An orphan is a minor child whose father has passed away. 88 00:06:08,740 --> 00:06:12,740 The index finger is the finger adjacent to the thumb. 89 00:06:12,740 --> 00:06:16,860 "Separating them" means he opened a small space between them. 90 00:06:16,860 --> 00:06:20,819 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 91 00:06:20,819 --> 00:06:25,920 The strong encouragement to care for orphans and manage their wealth faithfully, 92 00:06:25,920 --> 00:06:28,920 and that doing so is a means to enter Paradise 93 00:06:28,920 --> 00:06:34,920 and to accompany the prophets, the truthful, the martyrs, and the righteous— 94 00:06:34,920 --> 00:06:37,920 and an excellent companionship they are! 95 00:06:37,920 --> 00:06:40,459 Ibn Battal said: 96 00:06:40,459 --> 00:06:43,459 "It is incumbent upon whoever hears this hadith 97 00:06:43,459 --> 00:06:45,459 to act upon it, 98 00:06:45,459 --> 00:06:50,459 so that he may be a companion of the Prophet (peace be upon him) in Paradise, 99 00:06:50,459 --> 00:06:54,459 for there is no rank in the Hereafter superior to that." 100 00:06:54,459 --> 00:07:00,000 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 101 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:04,000 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 102 00:07:04,000 --> 00:07:07,000 "The sponsor of an orphan, whether related to him or not— 103 00:07:07,000 --> 00:07:11,029 he and I shall be like these two in Paradise." 104 00:07:11,029 --> 00:07:14,029 And the narrator, Malik ibn Anas, pointed 105 00:07:14,029 --> 00:07:17,029 with his index and middle fingers. 106 00:07:17,029 --> 00:07:19,060 Related by Muslim. 107 00:07:19,060 --> 00:07:22,220 His saying, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: 108 00:07:22,220 --> 00:07:25,220 "whether related to him or not" 109 00:07:25,220 --> 00:07:29,220 means whether the orphan is a relative or a stranger. 110 00:07:29,220 --> 00:07:33,220 A relative is exemplified by an orphan sponsored by his mother, grandfather, 111 00:07:33,220 --> 00:07:37,220 brother, or any other kinship relation, 112 00:07:37,220 --> 00:07:39,220 and Allah knows best. 113 00:07:39,220 --> 00:07:43,149 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 114 00:07:43,149 --> 00:07:47,250 It introduces an additional point beyond the preceding hadith, 115 00:07:47,250 --> 00:07:50,250 which is the broadened concept of the orphan 116 00:07:50,250 --> 00:07:53,250 to encompass both relatives and non-relatives alike, 117 00:07:53,250 --> 00:07:56,250 and that the virtue of orphan sponsorship 118 00:07:56,250 --> 00:07:59,250 extends equally to both cases. 119 00:08:00,779 --> 00:08:04,779 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 120 00:08:04,779 --> 00:08:08,779 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 121 00:08:08,779 --> 00:08:13,779 "The truly poor person is not the one turned away by a date or two, 122 00:08:13,779 --> 00:08:16,779 nor by a morsel or two; 123 00:08:16,779 --> 00:08:20,779 rather, the truly poor person is the one who maintains modesty and refrains from begging." 124 00:08:20,779 --> 00:08:22,850 Agreed upon. 125 00:08:22,850 --> 00:08:25,850 In another narration in the two *Sahih* collections: 126 00:08:25,850 --> 00:08:28,850 "The truly poor person is not the one who wanders among the people, 127 00:08:28,850 --> 00:08:31,850 turned away by a morsel or two, 128 00:08:31,850 --> 00:08:34,850 or by a date or two; 129 00:08:34,850 --> 00:08:38,850 rather, the truly poor is the one who finds no wealth to suffice him, 130 00:08:38,850 --> 00:08:41,850 is not noticed so that charity might be given to him, 131 00:08:41,850 --> 00:08:44,850 and does not stand up to beg from people." 132 00:08:44,850 --> 00:08:50,159 "The poor person" refers to the needy and destitute individual 133 00:08:50,159 --> 00:08:52,159 who is most entitled to receiving charity. 134 00:08:52,159 --> 00:08:54,320 "Maintains modesty and refrains" 135 00:08:54,320 --> 00:08:58,320 means abstaining from begging despite extreme poverty and need. 136 00:08:58,480 --> 00:09:02,480 "Is not noticed" means people do not perceive his destitution. 137 00:09:03,500 --> 00:09:05,500 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 138 00:09:05,500 --> 00:09:09,789 The truly needy person who does not importune people with begging 139 00:09:09,789 --> 00:09:12,789 is more entitled to charity than the mendicant who roams about. 140 00:09:12,789 --> 00:09:16,500 The censure of begging from people. 141 00:09:16,500 --> 00:09:19,169 The exhortation to dignified self-restraint and modesty, 142 00:09:19,169 --> 00:09:22,169 as Allah Almighty said: 143 00:09:22,169 --> 00:09:26,169 “(Alms are) for the poor who are straitened for the cause of Allah, who cannot travel in the land (for trade). The unthinking man accounteth them wealthy because of their restraint. Thou shalt know them by their mark: They do not beg of men with importunity. And whatsoever good thing ye spend, lo! Allah knoweth it.” (2:273) 144 00:09:26,169 --> 00:09:32,649 Destitution is a praiseworthy state when accompanied by abstaining from begging, 145 00:09:32,649 --> 00:09:34,649 patience under hardship, 146 00:09:34,649 --> 00:09:38,220 and contentment with what Allah has apportioned. 147 00:09:38,220 --> 00:09:42,220 The commendation of modest dignity (haya') in all states and circumstances, 148 00:09:42,220 --> 00:09:45,220 and that it brings forth nothing but goodness. 149 00:09:45,220 --> 00:09:47,669 The recommendation to investigate carefully 150 00:09:47,669 --> 00:09:51,669 so that charity is given to the one whose hallmark is modest restraint, 151 00:09:51,669 --> 00:09:55,090 rather than persistent demands or overt appeals. 152 00:09:55,090 --> 00:09:58,090 The permissibility of giving even a modest amount of charity, 153 00:09:58,090 --> 00:10:00,090 such as a single date or a morsel, 154 00:10:00,090 --> 00:10:04,090 for it serves as a protection from the Fire. 155 00:10:04,090 --> 00:10:08,429 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 156 00:10:08,429 --> 00:10:12,429 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 157 00:10:12,429 --> 00:10:15,429 "The one who tends to the needs of the widow and the poor 158 00:10:15,429 --> 00:10:18,429 is like the warrior striving in the cause of Allah," 159 00:10:18,429 --> 00:10:20,460 and I believe he also said: 160 00:10:20,460 --> 00:10:23,460 "and like the one who stands in night prayer without slackening, 161 00:10:23,460 --> 00:10:27,460 and like the one who fasts without breaking." 162 00:10:27,460 --> 00:10:29,500 Agreed upon. 163 00:10:29,500 --> 00:10:32,389 "The widow" 164 00:10:32,389 --> 00:10:35,389 refers to a woman whose husband has passed away. 165 00:10:35,389 --> 00:10:37,580 "The one who stands" 166 00:10:37,580 --> 00:10:40,580 means standing in night vigil prayers (tahajjud). 167 00:10:40,580 --> 00:10:41,740 "Without slackening" 168 00:10:41,740 --> 00:10:43,740 means without growing weary 169 00:10:43,740 --> 00:10:46,740 or abandoning continuous devotion. 170 00:10:46,740 --> 00:10:50,639 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 171 00:10:50,639 --> 00:10:53,860 Tending to the widow and the orphan, 172 00:10:53,860 --> 00:10:55,860 spending upon them, 173 00:10:55,860 --> 00:10:57,860 and looking after their affairs 174 00:10:57,860 --> 00:11:00,860 is equivalent to striving in the cause of Allah. 175 00:11:00,860 --> 00:11:05,440 The exhortation to relieve the distress of the vulnerable and needy, 176 00:11:05,440 --> 00:11:09,440 satisfy their deficiency, and preserve their dignity. 177 00:11:09,440 --> 00:11:11,080 Worship: 178 00:11:11,080 --> 00:11:16,080 Worship is a comprehensive term for everything Allah loves and is pleased with, 179 00:11:16,080 --> 00:11:20,620 whether of righteous deeds inward or outward. 180 00:11:20,620 --> 00:11:24,620 The Islamic Sharia's emphasis on the solidarity of Muslims, 181 00:11:24,620 --> 00:11:27,620 their mutual support, and cooperation, 182 00:11:27,620 --> 00:11:30,620 so that the edifice of Islam grows firm. 183 00:11:30,620 --> 00:11:34,230 An exposition of the various categories of striving (jihad): 184 00:11:34,230 --> 00:11:36,230 among them is striving with one's life, 185 00:11:36,230 --> 00:11:38,230 striving with one's wealth, 186 00:11:38,230 --> 00:11:41,000 and striving with the spoken word. 187 00:11:41,000 --> 00:11:43,000 The giving from benevolent donors 188 00:11:43,000 --> 00:11:47,000 ought to be carried out by seeking out the needy, 189 00:11:47,000 --> 00:11:50,000 rather than waiting for the needy to plead with them, 190 00:11:50,000 --> 00:11:54,000 and this is reinforced by the expression "the one who tends" (al-sa'i). 191 00:11:54,000 --> 00:11:58,279 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 192 00:11:58,279 --> 00:12:02,279 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 193 00:12:02,279 --> 00:12:05,279 "The worst of food is the food of a wedding feast: 194 00:12:05,279 --> 00:12:08,279 those who would come to it are turned away, 195 00:12:08,279 --> 00:12:11,279 while those who refuse it are invited; 196 00:12:11,279 --> 00:12:13,279 and whoever fails to accept the invitation 197 00:12:13,279 --> 00:12:16,279 has indeed disobeyed Allah and His Messenger." 198 00:12:16,279 --> 00:12:18,309 Related by Muslim. 199 00:12:18,309 --> 00:12:20,500 In a narration in the two *Sahih* collections, 200 00:12:20,500 --> 00:12:23,500 from Abu Hurayrah as his own statement: 201 00:12:23,500 --> 00:12:26,500 "The vilest food is the food of a wedding feast 202 00:12:26,500 --> 00:12:28,500 to which the wealthy are invited 203 00:12:28,500 --> 00:12:31,500 and the poor are left out." 204 00:12:31,500 --> 00:12:34,399 "The food of the wedding feast" (walimah) 205 00:12:34,399 --> 00:12:36,399 refers to the nuptial banquet. 206 00:12:36,399 --> 00:12:38,399 those who would come to it, 207 00:12:38,399 --> 00:12:42,399 meaning out of sheer need, such as the poor and destitute, 208 00:12:42,399 --> 00:12:44,399 and those who refuse it are invited, 209 00:12:44,399 --> 00:12:47,399 meaning because they have no need for it. 210 00:12:47,399 --> 00:12:51,389 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 211 00:12:51,389 --> 00:12:53,389 Accepting an invitation is obligatory, 212 00:12:53,389 --> 00:12:56,389 provided that the gathering is free of unlawful matters, 213 00:12:56,389 --> 00:12:58,389 such as singing and musical instruments; 214 00:12:58,389 --> 00:13:02,389 for in that case, attending becomes prohibited. 215 00:13:02,389 --> 00:13:06,970 It warns against exalting the affluent merely for their wealth. 216 00:13:06,970 --> 00:13:10,580 It reflects the Prophet's foretelling, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 217 00:13:10,580 --> 00:13:12,580 of what would occur after his time, 218 00:13:12,580 --> 00:13:14,580 regarding the practice of singling out the wealthy 219 00:13:14,580 --> 00:13:16,580 with invitations to wedding banquets. 220 00:13:16,580 --> 00:13:20,090 Among the negative phenomena afflicting Muslims 221 00:13:20,090 --> 00:13:22,090 in this day and age 222 00:13:22,090 --> 00:13:25,090 are showing off, boasting, and extravagance 223 00:13:25,090 --> 00:13:26,090 at wedding feasts, 224 00:13:26,090 --> 00:13:29,090 as well as exclusively inviting the rich and well-to-do 225 00:13:29,090 --> 00:13:30,090 to them, 226 00:13:30,090 --> 00:13:32,090 while barring the poor 227 00:13:32,090 --> 00:13:34,090 and needy. 228 00:13:34,090 --> 00:13:37,299 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, 229 00:13:37,299 --> 00:13:41,299 from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 230 00:13:41,299 --> 00:13:45,340 "Whoever provides for two girls until they come of age, 231 00:13:45,340 --> 00:13:47,340 he and I will come on the Day of Resurrection 232 00:13:47,340 --> 00:13:50,340 like these two," 233 00:13:50,340 --> 00:13:52,340 and he joined his fingers together. 234 00:13:52,340 --> 00:13:54,460 Related by Muslim. 235 00:13:54,460 --> 00:13:58,690 "Two girls" refers to two daughters. 236 00:13:58,690 --> 00:14:00,710 "Provides for" (*'āla*) 237 00:14:00,710 --> 00:14:02,710 is derived from *al-'awl*, 238 00:14:02,710 --> 00:14:04,710 which means support and assistance. 239 00:14:04,710 --> 00:14:05,710 What is intended 240 00:14:05,710 --> 00:14:10,710 is attending to their upbringing and treating them with benevolence, 241 00:14:10,710 --> 00:14:12,899 "until they come of age," 242 00:14:12,899 --> 00:14:17,899 meaning until they reach a stage where they are independent, 243 00:14:17,899 --> 00:14:21,899 which occurs when they marry and move in with their husbands. 244 00:14:21,899 --> 00:14:24,610 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 245 00:14:24,610 --> 00:14:28,860 The great virtue of supporting daughters and showing them kindness. 246 00:14:28,860 --> 00:14:34,149 Parents' attentive care in rearing and disciplining their daughters 247 00:14:34,149 --> 00:14:39,149 is a means of entering Paradise and attaining exalted ranks therein. 248 00:14:39,149 --> 00:14:44,590 On the authority of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: 249 00:14:44,590 --> 00:14:49,590 "A woman came to me along with her two daughters, asking for charity, 250 00:14:49,590 --> 00:14:54,590 but she found nothing with me except a single date. 251 00:14:54,590 --> 00:14:56,590 So I gave it to her, 252 00:14:56,590 --> 00:14:59,590 and she divided it between her two daughters 253 00:14:59,590 --> 00:15:01,590 without eating any of it herself. 254 00:15:01,590 --> 00:15:04,590 She then stood up and departed. 255 00:15:04,590 --> 00:15:08,590 When the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, entered upon us, 256 00:15:08,590 --> 00:15:10,590 I informed him of what happened, 257 00:15:10,590 --> 00:15:11,590 and he said: 258 00:15:11,590 --> 00:15:16,590 'Whoever is tested with any of these daughters and treats them with benevolence, 259 00:15:16,590 --> 00:15:19,590 they will be a shield for him against the Fire.'" 260 00:15:19,590 --> 00:15:21,620 Agreed upon. 261 00:15:21,620 --> 00:15:24,580 "Asking" 262 00:15:24,580 --> 00:15:27,580 means begging for financial help due to dire need. 263 00:15:27,580 --> 00:15:29,649 "Tested" 264 00:15:29,649 --> 00:15:31,649 means tried and examined. 265 00:15:31,649 --> 00:15:33,710 "A shield" 266 00:15:33,710 --> 00:15:36,710 means a protective veil and safeguard. 267 00:15:36,710 --> 00:15:39,450 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 268 00:15:39,450 --> 00:15:44,799 It is permissible for a person, when hunger becomes overwhelmingly severe, 269 00:15:44,799 --> 00:15:51,279 to ask people for help in order to sustain life and ward off starvation. 270 00:15:51,279 --> 00:15:55,279 The recommendation of giving charity according to one's means, 271 00:15:55,279 --> 00:15:57,279 even if it is something very small. 272 00:15:57,279 --> 00:16:01,659 The profound compassion parents have for their children. 273 00:16:01,659 --> 00:16:04,240 Caring for daughters, 274 00:16:04,240 --> 00:16:08,240 even though some people might harbor a dislike for them, 275 00:16:08,240 --> 00:16:10,240 is a cause for earning Allah's mercy. 276 00:16:10,240 --> 00:16:16,750 It illustrates the austere living conditions of the Prophet's households, peace be upon him, 277 00:16:16,750 --> 00:16:19,750 and that his sustenance was just enough to suffice. 278 00:16:19,750 --> 00:16:22,230 It highlights the virtue of altruism (*ithar*), 279 00:16:22,230 --> 00:16:25,230 and that it is one of the distinct traits of true believers; 280 00:16:25,230 --> 00:16:30,230 for 'A'ishah preferred that woman and her two daughters over herself, 281 00:16:30,230 --> 00:16:36,230 which demonstrates her generosity and magnanimity despite her own acute need. 282 00:16:36,230 --> 00:16:40,940 It is permissible to mention good deeds and recount the blessings of Allah, 283 00:16:40,940 --> 00:16:45,940 provided it is free from pride, ostentation, or reminding others of favors. 284 00:16:45,940 --> 00:16:51,120 On the authority of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: 285 00:16:51,120 --> 00:16:55,120 "A poor woman came to me carrying two daughters of hers, 286 00:16:55,120 --> 00:16:58,120 so I gave her three dates to eat. 287 00:16:58,120 --> 00:17:02,120 She handed each of them a date, 288 00:17:02,120 --> 00:17:06,119 and raised a date to her mouth to eat it, 289 00:17:06,119 --> 00:17:09,119 but her two daughters asked her for food. 290 00:17:09,119 --> 00:17:15,119 So she split the date she had intended to eat between them. 291 00:17:15,119 --> 00:17:17,119 Her deed deeply impressed me, 292 00:17:17,119 --> 00:17:23,119 so I mentioned what she had done to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 293 00:17:23,119 --> 00:17:24,119 and he said: 294 00:17:24,119 --> 00:17:28,119 'Allah has assured Paradise for her because of that,' 295 00:17:28,119 --> 00:17:31,119 'or has emancipated her from the Fire because of it.'" 296 00:17:31,119 --> 00:17:34,380 Related by Muslim. 297 00:17:34,380 --> 00:17:41,460 "They asked her for food" means they requested that she feed them that date. 298 00:17:41,460 --> 00:17:44,619 "Her deed" refers to her state and conduct. 299 00:17:44,619 --> 00:17:48,460 Among the benefits derived from the hadith, 300 00:17:48,460 --> 00:17:51,579 in addition to those of the previous hadith: 301 00:17:51,579 --> 00:17:53,579 The profound virtue of charity, 302 00:17:53,579 --> 00:17:55,579 because it purifies the soul, 303 00:17:55,579 --> 00:17:58,579 strengthens the servant's faith in their Lord, 304 00:17:58,579 --> 00:18:02,579 and increases their reliance on His promise and bounty. 305 00:18:02,579 --> 00:18:06,160 It is permissible for a woman to give charity from her husband's wealth 306 00:18:06,160 --> 00:18:09,160 with his general or specific permission, 307 00:18:09,160 --> 00:18:12,160 and she will receive the reward for giving, 308 00:18:12,160 --> 00:18:14,160 while the husband receives a similar reward, 309 00:18:14,160 --> 00:18:17,160 because he consented to the expenditure from his wealth. 310 00:18:17,160 --> 00:18:20,440 On the authority of Abu Shurayh, 311 00:18:20,440 --> 00:18:24,440 Khuwaylid ibn 'Amr al-Khuza'i, may Allah be pleased with him, 312 00:18:24,440 --> 00:18:25,440 who said: 313 00:18:25,440 --> 00:18:28,440 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 314 00:18:28,440 --> 00:18:32,470 "O Allah, I strictly declare inviolable the rights of the two weak ones: 315 00:18:32,470 --> 00:18:35,470 the orphan and the woman." 316 00:18:35,470 --> 00:18:39,569 Related by al-Nasa'i with a good chain of transmission. 317 00:18:39,569 --> 00:18:41,660 The meaning of "I strictly declare inviolable" (*uharriju*) 318 00:18:41,660 --> 00:18:43,660 is that I attach severe blame (*haraj*), 319 00:18:43,660 --> 00:18:46,660 which is sin, to whoever violates their rights, 320 00:18:46,660 --> 00:18:50,660 and I issue an emphatic warning against doing so, 321 00:18:50,660 --> 00:18:53,660 as well as a firm deterrence against it. 322 00:18:53,660 --> 00:18:57,720 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 323 00:18:57,720 --> 00:19:00,039 The injunction to care for the vulnerable 324 00:19:00,039 --> 00:19:02,039 who possess no means 325 00:19:02,039 --> 00:19:05,039 of recourse, such as women and orphans; 326 00:19:05,039 --> 00:19:07,039 and to refrain from wronging them, 327 00:19:07,039 --> 00:19:10,039 because they turn to Allah 328 00:19:10,039 --> 00:19:12,039 and seek refuge in His power; 329 00:19:12,039 --> 00:19:14,039 thus, whoever wrongs them 330 00:19:14,039 --> 00:19:17,039 deserves sin and punishment. 331 00:19:17,039 --> 00:19:21,319 On the authority of Mus'ab ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, 332 00:19:21,319 --> 00:19:24,319 may Allah be pleased with both of them, who said: 333 00:19:24,319 --> 00:19:28,349 "Sa'd considered that he had an advantage over those below him, 334 00:19:28,349 --> 00:19:32,380 so the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 335 00:19:32,380 --> 00:19:35,380 'Are you granted victory and provided for 336 00:19:35,380 --> 00:19:37,380 except on account of your weak ones?'" 337 00:19:37,380 --> 00:19:39,420 Related by al-Bukhari 338 00:19:39,420 --> 00:19:41,420 in this mursal form. 339 00:19:41,420 --> 00:19:45,380 "He considered" also means 340 00:19:45,380 --> 00:19:48,470 that he thought he possessed an advantage over those below him; 341 00:19:48,470 --> 00:19:51,470 that is, having an extra measure of merit 342 00:19:51,470 --> 00:19:54,470 over other Companions of lesser standing. 343 00:19:54,470 --> 00:19:57,980 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 344 00:19:57,980 --> 00:20:01,240 The weak and destitute are a source of goodness for the Ummah. 345 00:20:01,240 --> 00:20:03,819 It encourages humility 346 00:20:03,819 --> 00:20:06,819 and forbids looking down on others. 347 00:20:06,819 --> 00:20:09,940 It demonstrates the wisdom of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 348 00:20:09,940 --> 00:20:11,940 in rectifying questionable attitudes, 349 00:20:11,940 --> 00:20:14,940 reconciling hearts, and guiding them 350 00:20:14,940 --> 00:20:17,940 toward that which Allah loves and is pleased with. 351 00:20:17,940 --> 00:20:21,099 On the authority of Abu al-Darda', 352 00:20:21,099 --> 00:20:24,099 'Uwaymir, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 353 00:20:25,099 --> 00:20:28,099 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 354 00:20:28,099 --> 00:20:30,099 saying: 355 00:20:30,099 --> 00:20:32,099 "Seek me among your weak, 356 00:20:32,099 --> 00:20:35,099 for you are only granted victory and provided for 357 00:20:35,099 --> 00:20:37,099 on account of your weak ones." 358 00:20:37,099 --> 00:20:39,160 Related by Abu Dawud 359 00:20:39,160 --> 00:20:41,160 with a good chain of transmission. 360 00:20:41,160 --> 00:20:43,960 "Seek me" 361 00:20:43,960 --> 00:20:46,960 means help me in looking out for the weak.