WEBVTT 00:00:00.780 --> 00:00:09.779 *Riyad al-Salihin* (The Meadows of the Righteous) from the words of the Master of the Messengers, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:00:09.779 --> 00:00:19.410 Chapter: Kindness to Orphans, Daughters, the Weak, the Poor, and the Downcast, 00:00:19.410 --> 00:00:27.410 Showing benevolence to them, treating them with compassion, humility, and lowering the wing of humility for them. 00:00:27.410 --> 00:00:30.940 Allah Almighty said: 00:00:30.940 --> 00:00:34.100 "And lower your wing to the believers." 00:00:34.100 --> 00:00:36.100 And He Almighty said: 00:00:36.100 --> 00:00:43.100 “Restrain thyself along with those who cry unto their Lord at morn and evening, seeking His Countenance; and let not thine eyes overlook them, desiring the pomp of the life of the world; and obey not him whose heart We have made heedless of Our remembrance, who followeth his own lust and whose case hath been abandoned.” (18:28) 00:00:43.100 --> 00:00:49.100 “Restrain thyself along with those who cry unto their Lord at morn and evening, seeking His Countenance; and let not thine eyes overlook them, desiring the pomp of the life of the world; and obey not him whose heart We have made heedless of Our remembrance, who followeth his own lust and whose case hath been abandoned.” (18:28) 00:00:49.100 --> 00:00:51.229 And He Almighty said: 00:00:51.229 --> 00:00:54.229 “Therefor the orphan oppress not,” (93:9) 00:00:54.229 --> 00:00:58.229 “Therefor the beggar drive not away,” (93:10) 00:00:58.229 --> 00:01:00.259 And He Almighty said: 00:01:01.299 --> 00:01:04.299 “Hast thou observed him who belieth religion?” (107:1) 00:01:04.299 --> 00:01:08.299 "For that is the one who drives away the orphan," 00:01:08.299 --> 00:01:12.299 "And does not encourage the feeding of the poor." 00:01:12.299 --> 00:01:18.959 On the authority of Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:01:18.959 --> 00:01:23.959 "We were six persons along with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. 00:01:23.959 --> 00:01:28.959 The polytheists said to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: 00:01:28.959 --> 00:01:33.959 'Drive these men away, lest they dare to sit as our equals.' 00:01:33.959 --> 00:01:42.019 Those present were myself, Ibn Mas'ud, a man from Hudhayl, Bilal, and two other men whom I shall not name. 00:01:42.019 --> 00:01:49.019 There occurred in the soul of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) whatever Allah willed should occur, 00:01:49.019 --> 00:01:51.019 and he debated the matter within himself. 00:01:51.019 --> 00:01:54.019 Then Allah Almighty revealed: 00:01:54.019 --> 00:02:01.150 “Repel not those who call upon their Lord at morn and evening, seeking His Countenance. Thou art not accountable for them in aught, nor are they accountable for thee in aught, that thou shouldst repel them and be of the wrong-doers.” (6:52) 00:02:01.150 --> 00:02:03.150 Related by Muslim. 00:02:03.150 --> 00:02:07.049 'There occurred in the soul of the Messenger of Allah': 00:02:07.049 --> 00:02:10.050 Meaning the thought of turning them away temporarily so they might remain firm, 00:02:10.050 --> 00:02:13.050 out of an earnest desire to bring the leaders of polytheism to Islam. 00:02:13.050 --> 00:02:17.969 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 00:02:17.969 --> 00:02:22.969 The people of disbelief and hypocrisy look upon others only with arrogance. 00:02:22.969 --> 00:02:28.969 They desire to distinguish themselves from others in speech, standing, sitting, 00:02:28.969 --> 00:02:31.639 and in every posture and movement. 00:02:31.639 --> 00:02:36.639 The poor and the downtrodden are indeed the foremost pioneers, 00:02:36.639 --> 00:02:38.639 and they are the true followers of the prophets. 00:02:38.639 --> 00:02:44.819 One must strictly avoid harming the righteous and doing that which angers them. 00:02:44.819 --> 00:02:49.819 Islam and faith are never the private reserve of any segment of creation, 00:02:49.819 --> 00:02:54.819 such that one turns away whomever among Allah's servants he pleases and admits whomever he pleases. 00:02:54.819 --> 00:02:58.400 Islam is a universal call. 00:02:58.400 --> 00:03:02.400 No person has superiority over another except by virtue of piety. 00:03:02.400 --> 00:03:07.979 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, exercised personal judgment (ijtihad); 00:03:07.979 --> 00:03:12.979 if he ever erred, he was corrected immediately by divine revelation, 00:03:12.979 --> 00:03:16.550 and he was never left to persist in an error. 00:03:16.550 --> 00:03:19.550 There is no favoritism for anyone in the religion of Allah; 00:03:19.550 --> 00:03:24.129 whoever errs has his mistake corrected. 00:03:24.129 --> 00:03:27.129 The end does not justify the means: 00:03:27.129 --> 00:03:29.129 as long as the end is legitimate, 00:03:29.129 --> 00:03:33.129 the means must likewise be legitimate. 00:03:33.129 --> 00:03:36.129 For the means share the same ruling as the ends, 00:03:36.129 --> 00:03:42.379 and the One who legislated the end did not neglect the means. 00:03:42.379 --> 00:03:46.379 On the authority of Abu Hubayrah, 'A'idh ibn 'Amr al-Muzani, 00:03:46.379 --> 00:03:50.379 who was among the participants of the Pledge of Ridwan (may Allah be pleased with him): 00:03:50.379 --> 00:03:57.500 Abu Sufyan passed by Salman, Suhayb, and Bilal while they were in a gathering of people. 00:03:57.500 --> 00:04:03.500 They said, "The swords of Allah have not yet taken their full due from the enemy of Allah!" 00:04:03.500 --> 00:04:06.539 Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 00:04:06.539 --> 00:04:11.539 "Do you say this to the elder and chieftain of the Quraysh?" 00:04:11.539 --> 00:04:15.539 He then went to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and informed him. 00:04:15.539 --> 00:04:18.540 The Prophet said: "O Abu Bakr, 00:04:18.540 --> 00:04:20.540 perhaps you have angered them? 00:04:20.540 --> 00:04:25.540 For if you have angered them, you have indeed angered your Lord." 00:04:25.540 --> 00:04:27.540 So Abu Bakr went to them and said: 00:04:27.540 --> 00:04:31.540 "O my brothers, have I angered you?" 00:04:31.540 --> 00:04:33.540 They replied, "No, 00:04:33.540 --> 00:04:36.540 may Allah forgive you, our dear brother." 00:04:36.540 --> 00:04:38.660 Related by Muslim. 00:04:38.660 --> 00:04:41.889 Their statement, "have not taken their full due": 00:04:41.889 --> 00:04:44.889 Meaning they did not claim their complete right from him. 00:04:44.889 --> 00:04:48.329 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 00:04:48.329 --> 00:04:53.519 It is commendable to wage psychological warfare against the enemies of Allah 00:04:53.519 --> 00:04:56.519 in order to shatter their morale. 00:04:56.519 --> 00:05:01.899 It is permissible to object to anyone who transgresses the rights of other servants of Allah. 00:05:01.899 --> 00:05:06.610 One must seek the love of the believers and treat them with gentleness. 00:05:06.610 --> 00:05:09.180 Brothers in faith 00:05:09.180 --> 00:05:13.180 interpret each other's words in the most charitable light, 00:05:13.180 --> 00:05:16.180 and they actively seek excuses for one another. 00:05:17.180 --> 00:05:20.699 Harming the righteous is waging war against Allah, 00:05:20.699 --> 00:05:24.209 as stated in the Hadith of the Devout Ally (Wali). 00:05:24.209 --> 00:05:29.209 The Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) were deeply vigilant against incurring Allah's displeasure, 00:05:29.209 --> 00:05:32.209 swift to repent and return to the truth, 00:05:32.209 --> 00:05:36.209 and never persistent in falsehood. 00:05:36.209 --> 00:05:41.230 On the authority of Sahl ibn Sa'd (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:05:41.230 --> 00:05:45.230 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:05:45.230 --> 00:05:49.230 "I and the sponsor of an orphan will be in Paradise like this," 00:05:49.230 --> 00:05:53.230 and he indicated with his index and middle fingers, 00:05:53.230 --> 00:05:55.230 slightly separating them. 00:05:55.230 --> 00:05:58.420 Related by al-Bukhari. 00:05:58.420 --> 00:06:02.420 "The sponsor of an orphan" is the one who tends to the orphan's affairs. 00:06:02.420 --> 00:06:08.740 An orphan is a minor child whose father has passed away. 00:06:08.740 --> 00:06:12.740 The index finger is the finger adjacent to the thumb. 00:06:12.740 --> 00:06:16.860 "Separating them" means he opened a small space between them. 00:06:16.860 --> 00:06:20.819 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 00:06:20.819 --> 00:06:25.920 The strong encouragement to care for orphans and manage their wealth faithfully, 00:06:25.920 --> 00:06:28.920 and that doing so is a means to enter Paradise 00:06:28.920 --> 00:06:34.920 and to accompany the prophets, the truthful, the martyrs, and the righteous— 00:06:34.920 --> 00:06:37.920 and an excellent companionship they are! 00:06:37.920 --> 00:06:40.459 Ibn Battal said: 00:06:40.459 --> 00:06:43.459 "It is incumbent upon whoever hears this hadith 00:06:43.459 --> 00:06:45.459 to act upon it, 00:06:45.459 --> 00:06:50.459 so that he may be a companion of the Prophet (peace be upon him) in Paradise, 00:06:50.459 --> 00:06:54.459 for there is no rank in the Hereafter superior to that." 00:06:54.459 --> 00:07:00.000 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:07:00.000 --> 00:07:04.000 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:07:04.000 --> 00:07:07.000 "The sponsor of an orphan, whether related to him or not— 00:07:07.000 --> 00:07:11.029 he and I shall be like these two in Paradise." 00:07:11.029 --> 00:07:14.029 And the narrator, Malik ibn Anas, pointed 00:07:14.029 --> 00:07:17.029 with his index and middle fingers. 00:07:17.029 --> 00:07:19.060 Related by Muslim. 00:07:19.060 --> 00:07:22.220 His saying, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: 00:07:22.220 --> 00:07:25.220 "whether related to him or not" 00:07:25.220 --> 00:07:29.220 means whether the orphan is a relative or a stranger. 00:07:29.220 --> 00:07:33.220 A relative is exemplified by an orphan sponsored by his mother, grandfather, 00:07:33.220 --> 00:07:37.220 brother, or any other kinship relation, 00:07:37.220 --> 00:07:39.220 and Allah knows best. 00:07:39.220 --> 00:07:43.149 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 00:07:43.149 --> 00:07:47.250 It introduces an additional point beyond the preceding hadith, 00:07:47.250 --> 00:07:50.250 which is the broadened concept of the orphan 00:07:50.250 --> 00:07:53.250 to encompass both relatives and non-relatives alike, 00:07:53.250 --> 00:07:56.250 and that the virtue of orphan sponsorship 00:07:56.250 --> 00:07:59.250 extends equally to both cases. 00:08:00.779 --> 00:08:04.779 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: 00:08:04.779 --> 00:08:08.779 The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:08:08.779 --> 00:08:13.779 "The truly poor person is not the one turned away by a date or two, 00:08:13.779 --> 00:08:16.779 nor by a morsel or two; 00:08:16.779 --> 00:08:20.779 rather, the truly poor person is the one who maintains modesty and refrains from begging." 00:08:20.779 --> 00:08:22.850 Agreed upon. 00:08:22.850 --> 00:08:25.850 In another narration in the two *Sahih* collections: 00:08:25.850 --> 00:08:28.850 "The truly poor person is not the one who wanders among the people, 00:08:28.850 --> 00:08:31.850 turned away by a morsel or two, 00:08:31.850 --> 00:08:34.850 or by a date or two; 00:08:34.850 --> 00:08:38.850 rather, the truly poor is the one who finds no wealth to suffice him, 00:08:38.850 --> 00:08:41.850 is not noticed so that charity might be given to him, 00:08:41.850 --> 00:08:44.850 and does not stand up to beg from people." 00:08:44.850 --> 00:08:50.159 "The poor person" refers to the needy and destitute individual 00:08:50.159 --> 00:08:52.159 who is most entitled to receiving charity. 00:08:52.159 --> 00:08:54.320 "Maintains modesty and refrains" 00:08:54.320 --> 00:08:58.320 means abstaining from begging despite extreme poverty and need. 00:08:58.480 --> 00:09:02.480 "Is not noticed" means people do not perceive his destitution. 00:09:03.500 --> 00:09:05.500 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 00:09:05.500 --> 00:09:09.789 The truly needy person who does not importune people with begging 00:09:09.789 --> 00:09:12.789 is more entitled to charity than the mendicant who roams about. 00:09:12.789 --> 00:09:16.500 The censure of begging from people. 00:09:16.500 --> 00:09:19.169 The exhortation to dignified self-restraint and modesty, 00:09:19.169 --> 00:09:22.169 as Allah Almighty said: 00:09:22.169 --> 00:09:26.169 “(Alms are) for the poor who are straitened for the cause of Allah, who cannot travel in the land (for trade). The unthinking man accounteth them wealthy because of their restraint. Thou shalt know them by their mark: They do not beg of men with importunity. And whatsoever good thing ye spend, lo! Allah knoweth it.” (2:273) 00:09:26.169 --> 00:09:32.649 Destitution is a praiseworthy state when accompanied by abstaining from begging, 00:09:32.649 --> 00:09:34.649 patience under hardship, 00:09:34.649 --> 00:09:38.220 and contentment with what Allah has apportioned. 00:09:38.220 --> 00:09:42.220 The commendation of modest dignity (haya') in all states and circumstances, 00:09:42.220 --> 00:09:45.220 and that it brings forth nothing but goodness. 00:09:45.220 --> 00:09:47.669 The recommendation to investigate carefully 00:09:47.669 --> 00:09:51.669 so that charity is given to the one whose hallmark is modest restraint, 00:09:51.669 --> 00:09:55.090 rather than persistent demands or overt appeals. 00:09:55.090 --> 00:09:58.090 The permissibility of giving even a modest amount of charity, 00:09:58.090 --> 00:10:00.090 such as a single date or a morsel, 00:10:00.090 --> 00:10:04.090 for it serves as a protection from the Fire. 00:10:04.090 --> 00:10:08.429 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:10:08.429 --> 00:10:12.429 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 00:10:12.429 --> 00:10:15.429 "The one who tends to the needs of the widow and the poor 00:10:15.429 --> 00:10:18.429 is like the warrior striving in the cause of Allah," 00:10:18.429 --> 00:10:20.460 and I believe he also said: 00:10:20.460 --> 00:10:23.460 "and like the one who stands in night prayer without slackening, 00:10:23.460 --> 00:10:27.460 and like the one who fasts without breaking." 00:10:27.460 --> 00:10:29.500 Agreed upon. 00:10:29.500 --> 00:10:32.389 "The widow" 00:10:32.389 --> 00:10:35.389 refers to a woman whose husband has passed away. 00:10:35.389 --> 00:10:37.580 "The one who stands" 00:10:37.580 --> 00:10:40.580 means standing in night vigil prayers (tahajjud). 00:10:40.580 --> 00:10:41.740 "Without slackening" 00:10:41.740 --> 00:10:43.740 means without growing weary 00:10:43.740 --> 00:10:46.740 or abandoning continuous devotion. 00:10:46.740 --> 00:10:50.639 Among the benefits derived from this hadith: 00:10:50.639 --> 00:10:53.860 Tending to the widow and the orphan, 00:10:53.860 --> 00:10:55.860 spending upon them, 00:10:55.860 --> 00:10:57.860 and looking after their affairs 00:10:57.860 --> 00:11:00.860 is equivalent to striving in the cause of Allah. 00:11:00.860 --> 00:11:05.440 The exhortation to relieve the distress of the vulnerable and needy, 00:11:05.440 --> 00:11:09.440 satisfy their deficiency, and preserve their dignity. 00:11:09.440 --> 00:11:11.080 Worship: 00:11:11.080 --> 00:11:16.080 Worship is a comprehensive term for everything Allah loves and is pleased with, 00:11:16.080 --> 00:11:20.620 whether of righteous deeds inward or outward. 00:11:20.620 --> 00:11:24.620 The Islamic Sharia's emphasis on the solidarity of Muslims, 00:11:24.620 --> 00:11:27.620 their mutual support, and cooperation, 00:11:27.620 --> 00:11:30.620 so that the edifice of Islam grows firm. 00:11:30.620 --> 00:11:34.230 An exposition of the various categories of striving (jihad): 00:11:34.230 --> 00:11:36.230 among them is striving with one's life, 00:11:36.230 --> 00:11:38.230 striving with one's wealth, 00:11:38.230 --> 00:11:41.000 and striving with the spoken word. 00:11:41.000 --> 00:11:43.000 The giving from benevolent donors 00:11:43.000 --> 00:11:47.000 ought to be carried out by seeking out the needy, 00:11:47.000 --> 00:11:50.000 rather than waiting for the needy to plead with them, 00:11:50.000 --> 00:11:54.000 and this is reinforced by the expression "the one who tends" (al-sa'i). 00:11:54.000 --> 00:11:58.279 On the authority of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), 00:11:58.279 --> 00:12:02.279 from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who said: 00:12:02.279 --> 00:12:05.279 "The worst of food is the food of a wedding feast: 00:12:05.279 --> 00:12:08.279 those who would come to it are turned away, 00:12:08.279 --> 00:12:11.279 while those who refuse it are invited; 00:12:11.279 --> 00:12:13.279 and whoever fails to accept the invitation 00:12:13.279 --> 00:12:16.279 has indeed disobeyed Allah and His Messenger." 00:12:16.279 --> 00:12:18.309 Related by Muslim. 00:12:18.309 --> 00:12:20.500 In a narration in the two *Sahih* collections, 00:12:20.500 --> 00:12:23.500 from Abu Hurayrah as his own statement: 00:12:23.500 --> 00:12:26.500 "The vilest food is the food of a wedding feast 00:12:26.500 --> 00:12:28.500 to which the wealthy are invited 00:12:28.500 --> 00:12:31.500 and the poor are left out." 00:12:31.500 --> 00:12:34.399 "The food of the wedding feast" (walimah) 00:12:34.399 --> 00:12:36.399 refers to the nuptial banquet. 00:12:36.399 --> 00:12:38.399 those who would come to it, 00:12:38.399 --> 00:12:42.399 meaning out of sheer need, such as the poor and destitute, 00:12:42.399 --> 00:12:44.399 and those who refuse it are invited, 00:12:44.399 --> 00:12:47.399 meaning because they have no need for it. 00:12:47.399 --> 00:12:51.389 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 00:12:51.389 --> 00:12:53.389 Accepting an invitation is obligatory, 00:12:53.389 --> 00:12:56.389 provided that the gathering is free of unlawful matters, 00:12:56.389 --> 00:12:58.389 such as singing and musical instruments; 00:12:58.389 --> 00:13:02.389 for in that case, attending becomes prohibited. 00:13:02.389 --> 00:13:06.970 It warns against exalting the affluent merely for their wealth. 00:13:06.970 --> 00:13:10.580 It reflects the Prophet's foretelling, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:13:10.580 --> 00:13:12.580 of what would occur after his time, 00:13:12.580 --> 00:13:14.580 regarding the practice of singling out the wealthy 00:13:14.580 --> 00:13:16.580 with invitations to wedding banquets. 00:13:16.580 --> 00:13:20.090 Among the negative phenomena afflicting Muslims 00:13:20.090 --> 00:13:22.090 in this day and age 00:13:22.090 --> 00:13:25.090 are showing off, boasting, and extravagance 00:13:25.090 --> 00:13:26.090 at wedding feasts, 00:13:26.090 --> 00:13:29.090 as well as exclusively inviting the rich and well-to-do 00:13:29.090 --> 00:13:30.090 to them, 00:13:30.090 --> 00:13:32.090 while barring the poor 00:13:32.090 --> 00:13:34.090 and needy. 00:13:34.090 --> 00:13:37.299 On the authority of Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:13:37.299 --> 00:13:41.299 from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, who said: 00:13:41.299 --> 00:13:45.340 "Whoever provides for two girls until they come of age, 00:13:45.340 --> 00:13:47.340 he and I will come on the Day of Resurrection 00:13:47.340 --> 00:13:50.340 like these two," 00:13:50.340 --> 00:13:52.340 and he joined his fingers together. 00:13:52.340 --> 00:13:54.460 Related by Muslim. 00:13:54.460 --> 00:13:58.690 "Two girls" refers to two daughters. 00:13:58.690 --> 00:14:00.710 "Provides for" (*'āla*) 00:14:00.710 --> 00:14:02.710 is derived from *al-'awl*, 00:14:02.710 --> 00:14:04.710 which means support and assistance. 00:14:04.710 --> 00:14:05.710 What is intended 00:14:05.710 --> 00:14:10.710 is attending to their upbringing and treating them with benevolence, 00:14:10.710 --> 00:14:12.899 "until they come of age," 00:14:12.899 --> 00:14:17.899 meaning until they reach a stage where they are independent, 00:14:17.899 --> 00:14:21.899 which occurs when they marry and move in with their husbands. 00:14:21.899 --> 00:14:24.610 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 00:14:24.610 --> 00:14:28.860 The great virtue of supporting daughters and showing them kindness. 00:14:28.860 --> 00:14:34.149 Parents' attentive care in rearing and disciplining their daughters 00:14:34.149 --> 00:14:39.149 is a means of entering Paradise and attaining exalted ranks therein. 00:14:39.149 --> 00:14:44.590 On the authority of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: 00:14:44.590 --> 00:14:49.590 "A woman came to me along with her two daughters, asking for charity, 00:14:49.590 --> 00:14:54.590 but she found nothing with me except a single date. 00:14:54.590 --> 00:14:56.590 So I gave it to her, 00:14:56.590 --> 00:14:59.590 and she divided it between her two daughters 00:14:59.590 --> 00:15:01.590 without eating any of it herself. 00:15:01.590 --> 00:15:04.590 She then stood up and departed. 00:15:04.590 --> 00:15:08.590 When the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, entered upon us, 00:15:08.590 --> 00:15:10.590 I informed him of what happened, 00:15:10.590 --> 00:15:11.590 and he said: 00:15:11.590 --> 00:15:16.590 'Whoever is tested with any of these daughters and treats them with benevolence, 00:15:16.590 --> 00:15:19.590 they will be a shield for him against the Fire.'" 00:15:19.590 --> 00:15:21.620 Agreed upon. 00:15:21.620 --> 00:15:24.580 "Asking" 00:15:24.580 --> 00:15:27.580 means begging for financial help due to dire need. 00:15:27.580 --> 00:15:29.649 "Tested" 00:15:29.649 --> 00:15:31.649 means tried and examined. 00:15:31.649 --> 00:15:33.710 "A shield" 00:15:33.710 --> 00:15:36.710 means a protective veil and safeguard. 00:15:36.710 --> 00:15:39.450 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 00:15:39.450 --> 00:15:44.799 It is permissible for a person, when hunger becomes overwhelmingly severe, 00:15:44.799 --> 00:15:51.279 to ask people for help in order to sustain life and ward off starvation. 00:15:51.279 --> 00:15:55.279 The recommendation of giving charity according to one's means, 00:15:55.279 --> 00:15:57.279 even if it is something very small. 00:15:57.279 --> 00:16:01.659 The profound compassion parents have for their children. 00:16:01.659 --> 00:16:04.240 Caring for daughters, 00:16:04.240 --> 00:16:08.240 even though some people might harbor a dislike for them, 00:16:08.240 --> 00:16:10.240 is a cause for earning Allah's mercy. 00:16:10.240 --> 00:16:16.750 It illustrates the austere living conditions of the Prophet's households, peace be upon him, 00:16:16.750 --> 00:16:19.750 and that his sustenance was just enough to suffice. 00:16:19.750 --> 00:16:22.230 It highlights the virtue of altruism (*ithar*), 00:16:22.230 --> 00:16:25.230 and that it is one of the distinct traits of true believers; 00:16:25.230 --> 00:16:30.230 for 'A'ishah preferred that woman and her two daughters over herself, 00:16:30.230 --> 00:16:36.230 which demonstrates her generosity and magnanimity despite her own acute need. 00:16:36.230 --> 00:16:40.940 It is permissible to mention good deeds and recount the blessings of Allah, 00:16:40.940 --> 00:16:45.940 provided it is free from pride, ostentation, or reminding others of favors. 00:16:45.940 --> 00:16:51.120 On the authority of 'A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: 00:16:51.120 --> 00:16:55.120 "A poor woman came to me carrying two daughters of hers, 00:16:55.120 --> 00:16:58.120 so I gave her three dates to eat. 00:16:58.120 --> 00:17:02.120 She handed each of them a date, 00:17:02.120 --> 00:17:06.119 and raised a date to her mouth to eat it, 00:17:06.119 --> 00:17:09.119 but her two daughters asked her for food. 00:17:09.119 --> 00:17:15.119 So she split the date she had intended to eat between them. 00:17:15.119 --> 00:17:17.119 Her deed deeply impressed me, 00:17:17.119 --> 00:17:23.119 so I mentioned what she had done to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:17:23.119 --> 00:17:24.119 and he said: 00:17:24.119 --> 00:17:28.119 'Allah has assured Paradise for her because of that,' 00:17:28.119 --> 00:17:31.119 'or has emancipated her from the Fire because of it.'" 00:17:31.119 --> 00:17:34.380 Related by Muslim. 00:17:34.380 --> 00:17:41.460 "They asked her for food" means they requested that she feed them that date. 00:17:41.460 --> 00:17:44.619 "Her deed" refers to her state and conduct. 00:17:44.619 --> 00:17:48.460 Among the benefits derived from the hadith, 00:17:48.460 --> 00:17:51.579 in addition to those of the previous hadith: 00:17:51.579 --> 00:17:53.579 The profound virtue of charity, 00:17:53.579 --> 00:17:55.579 because it purifies the soul, 00:17:55.579 --> 00:17:58.579 strengthens the servant's faith in their Lord, 00:17:58.579 --> 00:18:02.579 and increases their reliance on His promise and bounty. 00:18:02.579 --> 00:18:06.160 It is permissible for a woman to give charity from her husband's wealth 00:18:06.160 --> 00:18:09.160 with his general or specific permission, 00:18:09.160 --> 00:18:12.160 and she will receive the reward for giving, 00:18:12.160 --> 00:18:14.160 while the husband receives a similar reward, 00:18:14.160 --> 00:18:17.160 because he consented to the expenditure from his wealth. 00:18:17.160 --> 00:18:20.440 On the authority of Abu Shurayh, 00:18:20.440 --> 00:18:24.440 Khuwaylid ibn 'Amr al-Khuza'i, may Allah be pleased with him, 00:18:24.440 --> 00:18:25.440 who said: 00:18:25.440 --> 00:18:28.440 The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:18:28.440 --> 00:18:32.470 "O Allah, I strictly declare inviolable the rights of the two weak ones: 00:18:32.470 --> 00:18:35.470 the orphan and the woman." 00:18:35.470 --> 00:18:39.569 Related by al-Nasa'i with a good chain of transmission. 00:18:39.569 --> 00:18:41.660 The meaning of "I strictly declare inviolable" (*uharriju*) 00:18:41.660 --> 00:18:43.660 is that I attach severe blame (*haraj*), 00:18:43.660 --> 00:18:46.660 which is sin, to whoever violates their rights, 00:18:46.660 --> 00:18:50.660 and I issue an emphatic warning against doing so, 00:18:50.660 --> 00:18:53.660 as well as a firm deterrence against it. 00:18:53.660 --> 00:18:57.720 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 00:18:57.720 --> 00:19:00.039 The injunction to care for the vulnerable 00:19:00.039 --> 00:19:02.039 who possess no means 00:19:02.039 --> 00:19:05.039 of recourse, such as women and orphans; 00:19:05.039 --> 00:19:07.039 and to refrain from wronging them, 00:19:07.039 --> 00:19:10.039 because they turn to Allah 00:19:10.039 --> 00:19:12.039 and seek refuge in His power; 00:19:12.039 --> 00:19:14.039 thus, whoever wrongs them 00:19:14.039 --> 00:19:17.039 deserves sin and punishment. 00:19:17.039 --> 00:19:21.319 On the authority of Mus'ab ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, 00:19:21.319 --> 00:19:24.319 may Allah be pleased with both of them, who said: 00:19:24.319 --> 00:19:28.349 "Sa'd considered that he had an advantage over those below him, 00:19:28.349 --> 00:19:32.380 so the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: 00:19:32.380 --> 00:19:35.380 'Are you granted victory and provided for 00:19:35.380 --> 00:19:37.380 except on account of your weak ones?'" 00:19:37.380 --> 00:19:39.420 Related by al-Bukhari 00:19:39.420 --> 00:19:41.420 in this mursal form. 00:19:41.420 --> 00:19:45.380 "He considered" also means 00:19:45.380 --> 00:19:48.470 that he thought he possessed an advantage over those below him; 00:19:48.470 --> 00:19:51.470 that is, having an extra measure of merit 00:19:51.470 --> 00:19:54.470 over other Companions of lesser standing. 00:19:54.470 --> 00:19:57.980 Among the benefits derived from the hadith: 00:19:57.980 --> 00:20:01.240 The weak and destitute are a source of goodness for the Ummah. 00:20:01.240 --> 00:20:03.819 It encourages humility 00:20:03.819 --> 00:20:06.819 and forbids looking down on others. 00:20:06.819 --> 00:20:09.940 It demonstrates the wisdom of the Prophet, peace be upon him, 00:20:09.940 --> 00:20:11.940 in rectifying questionable attitudes, 00:20:11.940 --> 00:20:14.940 reconciling hearts, and guiding them 00:20:14.940 --> 00:20:17.940 toward that which Allah loves and is pleased with. 00:20:17.940 --> 00:20:21.099 On the authority of Abu al-Darda', 00:20:21.099 --> 00:20:24.099 'Uwaymir, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: 00:20:25.099 --> 00:20:28.099 I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, 00:20:28.099 --> 00:20:30.099 saying: 00:20:30.099 --> 00:20:32.099 "Seek me among your weak, 00:20:32.099 --> 00:20:35.099 for you are only granted victory and provided for 00:20:35.099 --> 00:20:37.099 on account of your weak ones." 00:20:37.099 --> 00:20:39.160 Related by Abu Dawud 00:20:39.160 --> 00:20:41.160 with a good chain of transmission. 00:20:41.160 --> 00:20:43.960 "Seek me" 00:20:43.960 --> 00:20:46.960 means help me in looking out for the weak.