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In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

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The Subtle Commentary

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upon the book *Introductory Profiles

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of the Chapters of the Noble Qur'an*

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by Dr. Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz ibn 'Umar Nasif,

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may Allah preserve him.

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Surah al-Jumu'ah.

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In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

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Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds,

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and may peace and blessings be upon the Seal of the Prophets and Messengers,

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and upon his family and all his Companions.

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We continue with our subtle commentary on the profile cards,

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and we have arrived at Surah al-Jumu'ah.

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I have three points to highlight regarding it.

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The first point

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concerns what was mentioned regarding its name.

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For it is mentioned here in the book:

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"Al-Jumu'ah, which is its well-known name in the Qur'anic codices,

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due to the occurrence of the word 'al-Jumu'ah' in it."

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Perhaps it would be better to amend this phrasing,

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so it would state: "Due to the mention of..."

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— beginning with the word 'al-Jumu'ah' —

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"due to the mention of this explicit term near its end,"

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namely the explicit word 'al-Jumu'ah' in:

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"When the call is proclaimed for the prayer on Friday (the Day of Jumu'ah)...",

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"along with the fact that its third passage

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discusses the rulings of Jumu'ah."

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The first justification is verbal (textual),

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and the second is thematic.

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For the rulings of Friday—

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some of its rulings are mentioned

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in this third,

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final section of the surah.

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Therefore, it should be stated in the phrasing

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explaining the name of the surah:

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"Due to the mention of this word—

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due to the mention of this word near its end,

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along with the fact that its third passage

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discusses the rulings of Jumu'ah,"

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and then it should be added:

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"and because what precedes it serves as a prelude to it."

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This is another matter,

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which is that the entire surah,

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even if it is not,

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in all of its verses, exclusively about the rulings of Jumu'ah,

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is nevertheless intimately connected

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to those very rulings.

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For everything that precedes it from the beginning of the surah

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is essentially a prelude

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to what is mentioned at the end of the surah;

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in fact, it is a prelude to the very last verse

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in the surah: "And when they saw

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a transaction or an amusement..."

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This is further clarified by the second point,

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which pertains to the occasion of revelation (sabab al-nuzul).

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The author stated here: "A single occasion of revelation

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to which the entire surah is tied."

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However, if you examine

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the occasion of revelation, you will find

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that the incident

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concludes with the revelation of

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the end of the surah: "And when they saw

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a transaction or an amusement..."

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But

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when you refer back to

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some of what has been narrated concerning the surah—

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which is cited here in the context of the order

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of the surah's revelation—Abu Hurayrah,

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may Allah be pleased with him, narrated the hadith

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stating

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that they were sitting with the Prophet (peace be upon him)

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when Surah al-Jumu'ah was revealed to him.

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From this, Ibn 'Ashur deduced

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several matters, including that it was revealed—

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meaning the surah—all at once.

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He also deduced from this that it

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was revealed after the conversion to Islam

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of Abu Hurayrah.

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If it was indeed revealed all at once,

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it is only fitting—given that it was sent down

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regarding an event—that

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the verses

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would all be connected to that event.

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Among them is the overt connection found at the end of the surah,

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and among them is what serves as

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a prelude, as

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will become clearer in the third point.

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The third point

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concerns the opening of the surah. The author stated:

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"It opens with a declarative sentence."

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A clarification was made previously and I reiterate it here:

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this is not simply an opening

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with a declarative sentence, even though it contains declarative information.

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Rather, we have proceeded in this book

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according to the terminology

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of Imam al-Suyuti and his classification

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which he adopted, even though

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he transmitted it from scholars before him,

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in which he categorizes surahs

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that open with the praise

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of Allah as a distinct category

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of Quranic openings.

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And this surah

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is among those surahs that open

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with the praise of Allah,

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the Exalted and Glorified.

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It opens with praise in general,

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and then it belongs to the surahs

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that begin specifically with glorification (tasbih).

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Specifically,

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it is general praise,

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and then it is specifically glorification.

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Surahs that open with praise

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include those beginning with tahmid (Alhamdulillah),

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those beginning with tabrik (Tabarak alladhi),

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such as "Blessed is He...",

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and those beginning with tasbih (Subhana / Yusabbihu / Sabbahe).

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Tasbih appears in various morphological forms,

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unlike tahmid and tabrik;

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for tahmid is consistently expressed

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with the phrasing 'Al-hamdu lillah', and tabrik with 'Tabarak alladhi'.

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As for tasbih, it varies, and thus it is appropriate to add this phrasing:

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"And tasbih in it occurs in the present/imperfect tense form,"

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referring to Surah al-Jumu'ah.

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For there are surahs where it appears in the past tense, in the imperative, and in the verbal noun form,

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across these surahs, some of which will be discussed later, if Allah wills.

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This surah opens with the imperfect (present) tense,

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and this is what I wished to reflect upon in this third point.

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Its occurrence in the imperfect tense

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is perfectly suited to the reason the surah was revealed,

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and it reinforces that these verses—

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beginning with Allah's words: "Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth exalts Allah,

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the Sovereign, the Pure, the Exalted in Might, the Wise"—

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are a prelude to the final verse in the surah:

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"And when they saw a transaction or an amusement..."

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That is because the imperfect tense denotes continuity

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and renewal in this context,

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the context of extolling the Lord of the earth and the heavens.

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Meanwhile, those Muslims who turned away from the Friday sermon

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ceased the remembrance of Allah and became preoccupied with what distracted them;

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thus, the opening of the surah came to caution and remind

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that Allah, the Exalted, is completely free of need of them,

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and that all creation continually glorifies Him,

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even if they were to turn away from the remembrance of Allah, the Exalted.

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This suffices for our discussion of this magnificent surah.

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May Allah's peace and blessings be upon our Prophet and all his Companions,

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and praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.