WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:05.200 --> 00:00:08.080 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari. 00:00:08.589 --> 00:00:12.710 Abridged by Dr. 'Aqil ibn Salim al-Shammari. 00:00:13.960 --> 00:00:16.359 Surah al-Inshiqaq. 00:00:16.359 --> 00:00:23.140 In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. 00:00:23.140 --> 00:00:28.059 When the sky has split asunder, 00:00:28.059 --> 00:00:31.300 And has hearkened to its Lord and is bound to do so. 00:00:31.300 --> 00:00:33.619 And when the earth has been extended, 00:00:33.740 --> 00:00:37.140 “And hath cast out all that was in her, and is empty” (84:4) 00:00:37.140 --> 00:00:40.299 And has hearkened to its Lord and is bound to do so. 00:00:41.689 --> 00:00:45.850 When the sky cracks, breaks apart, and becomes like gateways. 00:00:46.329 --> 00:00:50.890 The heavens, in their cracking and splitting, hear the command of their Lord. 00:00:51.170 --> 00:00:54.049 They obey His command to them. 00:00:54.409 --> 00:00:57.570 Allah has made it incumbent upon them to listen to the command to split. 00:00:57.810 --> 00:01:00.609 And to submit to His obedience in that matter. 00:01:01.320 --> 00:01:04.439 And when the earth is leveled and its expanse is increased. 00:01:04.959 --> 00:01:10.840 The earth casts out what is in its belly—the dead—onto its surface, and empties itself of them unto Allah. 00:01:11.400 --> 00:01:19.120 In casting out the dead from its belly onto its surface, the earth hears the command of its Lord and obeys. 00:01:19.640 --> 00:01:23.040 Allah has made it incumbent upon it to listen to His command in that regard. 00:01:23.359 --> 00:01:25.319 And to submit to His obedience. 00:01:26.969 --> 00:01:36.329 “Thou, verily, O man, art working toward thy Lord a work which thou wilt meet (in His presence).” (84:6) 00:01:36.689 --> 00:01:41.409 As for he who is given his record in his right hand, 00:01:41.849 --> 00:01:46.209 “He truly will receive an easy reckoning” (84:8) 00:01:46.569 --> 00:01:51.290 “And will return unto his folk in joy.” (84:9) 00:01:52.620 --> 00:01:57.900 O mankind, indeed you are laboring toward your Lord with exertion and will meet Him. 00:01:58.340 --> 00:02:01.260 Whether that labor of yours was good or evil. 00:02:01.819 --> 00:02:02.579 He says: 00:02:03.180 --> 00:02:07.819 Let your labor be that which saves you from His wrath and necessitates His pleasure for you. 00:02:08.300 --> 00:02:11.500 And let it not be that which incurs His wrath upon you, for then you would perish. 00:02:12.280 --> 00:02:15.560 As for he who is given his record of deeds in his right hand, 00:02:16.080 --> 00:02:18.639 “He truly will receive an easy reckoning” (84:8) 00:02:19.000 --> 00:02:22.719 He shall be examined regarding his deeds; his evil ones will be forgiven, 00:02:23.000 --> 00:02:24.960 And he will be rewarded for his good ones. 00:02:25.479 --> 00:02:31.199 This person, whose account is easy, will return to his family in Paradise rejoicing. 00:02:32.530 --> 00:02:38.930 “But whoso is given his account behind his back,” (84:10) 00:02:39.289 --> 00:02:42.050 He will cry out for destruction. 00:02:42.370 --> 00:02:44.770 And will burn in a blazing fire. 00:02:45.090 --> 00:02:50.439 “He verily lived joyous with his folk,” (84:13) 00:02:50.759 --> 00:02:57.080 “He verily deemed that he would never return (unto Allah).” (84:14) 00:02:57.479 --> 00:03:03.110 “Nay, but lo! his Lord is ever looking on him!” (84:15) 00:03:04.419 --> 00:03:09.580 As for he who is given his record, O people, on that Day from behind his back, 00:03:10.139 --> 00:03:13.139 This is because he placed his right hand toward his neck, 00:03:13.620 --> 00:03:16.620 And placed his left hand behind his back, 00:03:16.979 --> 00:03:20.819 So he receives his record with his left hand from behind his back. 00:03:21.340 --> 00:03:23.219 He will call out for destruction, 00:03:23.580 --> 00:03:24.860 Meaning he will say: 00:03:25.259 --> 00:03:26.379 "Woe is me!" 00:03:26.699 --> 00:03:27.699 And "Alas!" 00:03:28.259 --> 00:03:29.699 And he will burn in a blazing fire, 00:03:30.180 --> 00:03:34.979 Meaning they will enter it and be cast into it, burning therein. 00:03:35.580 --> 00:03:38.900 Indeed, he had been among his people in the world rejoicing, 00:03:39.219 --> 00:03:43.259 Because of his opposition to the command of Allah and his indulgence in His disobedience. 00:03:44.020 --> 00:03:48.419 This person, who is given his record behind his back on the Day of Resurrection, 00:03:48.939 --> 00:03:51.819 Thought in the world that he would never return to Us, 00:03:51.979 --> 00:03:53.900 And would never be resurrected after his death. 00:03:54.500 --> 00:03:57.379 Thus, he did not care what sins he committed, 00:03:57.860 --> 00:04:02.300 Because he did not hope for a reward nor fear a punishment. 00:04:02.900 --> 00:04:06.659 Rather, he thought we would not bring him back and return him to his Lord alive, 00:04:06.939 --> 00:04:08.740 As he was before his death. 00:04:09.599 --> 00:04:12.360 But indeed, the Lord of this one who thought he would not return, 00:04:12.800 --> 00:04:18.240 Was ever All-Seeing of him while he was in the world, regarding the sins he committed, 00:04:18.720 --> 00:04:21.399 And regarding what his affair would become in the Hereafter. 00:04:21.920 --> 00:04:23.759 He is All-Knowing of all that. 00:04:25.360 --> 00:04:27.680 So I swear by the twilight, 00:04:28.079 --> 00:04:30.120 And by the night and what it envelops, 00:04:30.519 --> 00:04:32.639 And by the moon when it becomes full, 00:04:33.000 --> 00:04:37.959 You will surely experience state after state. 00:04:39.540 --> 00:04:41.980 Our Lord swears by the redness in the horizon, 00:04:42.220 --> 00:04:44.459 From the direction of the sunset. 00:04:45.019 --> 00:04:46.540 And by the night and what it gathers, 00:04:46.699 --> 00:04:50.540 Of all that dwells and settles within it, from every creature that flies, 00:04:50.860 --> 00:04:52.379 Or crawls by day. 00:04:52.980 --> 00:04:55.259 And by the moon when it is complete and perfected. 00:04:55.899 --> 00:04:59.420 You, O Muhammad, will surely experience state after state, 00:04:59.819 --> 00:05:02.420 And matter after matter of hardships. 00:05:03.139 --> 00:05:04.420 The intent behind this, 00:05:04.620 --> 00:05:09.500 Even though the address is directed to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, 00:05:09.939 --> 00:05:11.060 Is all of mankind, 00:05:11.620 --> 00:05:16.420 That they will encounter conditions of the hardships and terrors of the Day of Resurrection. 00:05:17.720 --> 00:05:21.639 “What aileth them, then, that they believe not” (84:20) 00:05:22.000 --> 00:05:28.920 And when the Qur'an is recited to them, they do not prostrate. 00:05:29.360 --> 00:05:33.600 But those who disbelieve deny. 00:05:33.959 --> 00:05:38.079 “And Allah knoweth best what they are hiding.” (84:23) 00:05:38.519 --> 00:05:42.959 So give them tidings of a painful punishment. 00:05:43.279 --> 00:05:51.360 “Save those who believe and do good works, for theirs is a reward unfailing.” (84:25) 00:05:53.180 --> 00:05:57.379 Why do these polytheists not believe in the oneness of Allah? 00:05:57.860 --> 00:06:00.420 And why do they not acknowledge the resurrection after death? 00:06:01.180 --> 00:06:06.300 And when the Book of their Lord is recited to them, they do not humble themselves nor submit. 00:06:07.060 --> 00:06:11.300 Rather, those who disbelieve deny the signs of Allah and His revelation. 00:06:11.860 --> 00:06:18.620 Allah is most knowing of what the hearts of these polytheists conceal of denial regarding the Book of Allah and His Messenger. 00:06:19.339 --> 00:06:23.339 So give tidings, O Muhammad, to these who deny the signs of Allah, 00:06:23.740 --> 00:06:27.019 Of a painful, agonizing punishment for them with Allah. 00:06:27.740 --> 00:06:30.459 Except for those among them who repent and believe, 00:06:30.899 --> 00:06:36.420 And acknowledge His oneness and the prophethood of His Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, 00:06:36.779 --> 00:06:38.500 And the resurrection after death, 00:06:39.019 --> 00:06:40.540 And perform the obligatory duties of Allah, 00:06:41.060 --> 00:06:44.620 And avoid committing what Allah has forbidden them. 00:06:45.139 --> 00:06:48.259 For those who have believed and done righteous deeds, 00:06:48.740 --> 00:06:51.899 There is a reward uninterrupted and undiminished. 00:06:54.800 --> 00:06:57.439 A summary of the Tafsir of al-Tabari.